Isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing plant yield and/or agricultural characteristics

ABSTRACT

Provided are isolated polypeptides which are at least 80% homologous to SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589, isolated polynucleotides encoding same, nucleic acid constructs comprising same, transgenic cells expressing same, transgenic plants expressing same and method of using same for increasing yield, abiotic stress tolerance, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, photosynthetic capacity, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of a plant.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/077,021, filed on Oct. 22, 2020, which is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/503,411 filed on Feb. 13, 2017, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,858,403 which is a National Phase of PCT Patent Application No. PCT/IL2015/050849 having International Filing Date of Aug. 24, 2015, which claims the benefit of priority under 35 USC § 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 62/042,538 filed on Aug. 27, 2014 and 62/114,147 filed on Feb. 10, 2015. The contents of the above applications are all incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein in their entirety.

SEQUENCE LISTING STATEMENT

The XML file, entitled 92877SequenceListing.txt, created on Aug. 23, 2022, comprising 12,795,208 bytes, submitted concurrently with the filing of this application is incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, in some embodiments thereof, relates to isolated polypeptides and polynucleotides, nucleic acid constructs comprising same, transgenic cells comprising same, transgenic plants exogenously expressing same and more particularly, but not exclusively, to methods of using same for increasing yield (e.g., seed yield, oil yield), biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency) and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.

Yield is affected by various factors, such as, the number and size of the plant organs, plant architecture (for example, the number of branches), grains set length, number of filled grains, vigor (e.g. seedling), growth rate, root development, utilization of water, nutrients (e.g., nitrogen) and fertilizers, and stress tolerance.

Crops such as, corn, rice, wheat, canola and soybean account for over half of total human caloric intake, whether through direct consumption of the seeds themselves or through consumption of meat products raised on processed seeds or forage. Seeds are also a source of sugars, proteins and oils and metabolites used in industrial processes. The ability to increase plant yield, whether through increase dry matter accumulation rate, modifying cellulose or lignin composition, increase stalk strength, enlarge meristem size, change of plant branching pattern, erectness of leaves, increase in fertilization efficiency, enhanced seed dry matter accumulation rate, modification of seed development, enhanced seed filling or by increasing the content of oil, starch or protein in the seeds would have many applications in agricultural and non-agricultural uses such as in the biotechnological production of pharmaceuticals, antibodies or vaccines.

Vegetable or seed oils are the major source of energy and nutrition in human and animal diet. They are also used for the production of industrial products, such as paints, inks and lubricants. In addition, plant oils represent renewable sources of long-chain hydrocarbons which can be used as fuel. Since the currently used fossil fuels are finite resources and are gradually being depleted, fast growing biomass crops may be used as alternative fuels or for energy feedstocks and may reduce the dependence on fossil energy supplies. However, the major bottleneck for increasing consumption of plant oils as bio-fuel is the oil price, which is still higher than fossil fuel. In addition, the production rate of plant oil is limited by the availability of agricultural land and water. Thus, increasing plant oil yields from the same growing area can effectively overcome the shortage in production space and can decrease vegetable oil prices at the same time.

Studies aiming at increasing plant oil yields focus on the identification of genes involved in oil metabolism as well as in genes capable of increasing plant and seed yields in transgenic plants. Genes known to be involved in increasing plant oil yields include those participating in fatty acid synthesis or sequestering such as desaturase [e.g., DELTA6, DELTA12 or acyl-ACP (Ssi2; Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR; Arabidopsis (dot) org/), TAIR No. AT2G43710)], OleosinA (TAIR No. AT3G01570) or FAD3 (TAIR No. AT2G29980), and various transcription factors and activators such as Lec1 [TAIR No. AT1G21970, Lotan et al. 1998. Cell. 26;93(7):1195-205], Lec2 [TAIR No. AT1G28300, Santos Mendoza et al. 2005, FEBS Lett. 579(20:4666-70], Fus3 (TAIR No. AT3G26790), ABI3 [TAIR No. AT3G24650, Lara et al. 2003. J Biol Chem. 278(23): 21003-11] and Wri1 [TAIR No. AT3G54320, Cernac and Benning, 2004. Plant J. 40(4): 575-85].

Genetic engineering efforts aiming at increasing oil content in plants (e.g., in seeds) include upregulating endoplasmic reticulum (FAD3) and plastidal (FAD7) fatty acid desaturases in potato (Zabrouskov V., et al., 2002; Physiol Plant. 116:172-185); over-expressing the GmDof4 and GmDof11 transcription factors (Wang H W et al., 2007; Plant J. 52:716-29); over-expressing a yeast glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase under the control of a seed-specific promoter (Vigeolas H, et al. 2007, Plant Biotechnol J. 5:431-41; U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20060168684); using Arabidopsis FAE1 and yeast SLC1-1 genes for improvements in erucic acid and oil content in rapeseed (Katavic V, et al., 2000, Biochem Soc Trans. 28:935-7).

Various patent applications disclose genes and proteins which can increase oil content in plants. These include for example, U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20080076179 (lipid metabolism protein); U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20060206961 (the Ypr140w polypeptide); U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20060174373 [triacylglycerols synthesis enhancing protein (TEP)]; U.S. Pat. Appl. Nos. 20070169219, 20070006345, 20070006346 and 20060195943 (disclose transgenic plants with improved nitrogen use efficiency which can be used for the conversion into fuel or chemical feedstocks); WO2008/122980 (polynucleotides for increasing oil content, growth rate, biomass, yield and/or vigor of a plant).

A common approach to promote plant growth has been, and continues to be, the use of natural as well as synthetic nutrients (fertilizers). Thus, fertilizers are the fuel behind the “green revolution”, directly responsible for the exceptional increase in crop yields during the last 40 years, and are considered the number one overhead expense in agriculture. For example, inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, or urea, typically accounts for 40% of the costs associated with crops such as corn and wheat. Of the three macronutrients provided as main fertilizers [Nitrogen (N), Phosphate (P) and Potassium (K)], nitrogen is often the rate-limiting element in plant growth and all field crops have a fundamental dependence on inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer. Nitrogen is responsible for biosynthesis of amino and nucleic acids, prosthetic groups, plant hormones, plant chemical defenses, etc. and usually needs to be replenished every year, particularly for cereals, which comprise more than half of the cultivated areas worldwide. Thus, nitrogen is translocated to the shoot, where it is stored in the leaves and stalk during the rapid step of plant development and up until flowering. In corn for example, plants accumulate the bulk of their organic nitrogen during the period of grain germination, and until flowering. Once fertilization of the plant has occurred, grains begin to form and become the main sink of plant nitrogen. The stored nitrogen can be then redistributed from the leaves and stalk that served as storage compartments until grain formation.

Since fertilizer is rapidly depleted from most soil types, it must be supplied to growing crops two or three times during the growing season. In addition, the low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of the main crops (e.g., in the range of only 30-70%) negatively affects the input expenses for the farmer, due to the excess fertilizer applied. Moreover, the over and inefficient use of fertilizers are major factors responsible for environmental problems such as eutrophication of groundwater, lakes, rivers and seas, nitrate pollution in drinking water which can cause methemoglobinemia, phosphate pollution, atmospheric pollution and the like. However, in spite of the negative impact of fertilizers on the environment, and the limits on fertilizer use, which have been legislated in several countries, the use of fertilizers is expected to increase in order to support food and fiber production for rapid population growth on limited land resources. For example, it has been estimated that by 2050, more than 150 million tons of nitrogenous fertilizer will be used worldwide annually.

Increased use efficiency of nitrogen by plants should enable crops to be cultivated with lower fertilizer input, or alternatively to be cultivated on soils of poorer quality and would therefore have significant economic impact in both developed and developing agricultural systems.

Genetic improvement of fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) in plants can be generated either via traditional breeding or via genetic engineering.

Attempts to generate plants with increased FUE have been described in U.S. Pat. Appl. Publication No. 20020046419 (U.S. Pat. No. 7,262,055 to Choo, et al.); U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20050108791 to Edgerton et al.; U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20060179511 to Chomet et al.; Good, A, et al. 2007 (Engineering nitrogen use efficiency with alanine aminotransferase. Canadian Journal of Botany 85: 252-262); and Good A G et al. 2004 (Trends Plant Sci. 9:597-605).

Yanagisawa et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2004 101:7833-8) describe Dof 1 transgenic plants which exhibit improved growth under low-nitrogen conditions.

U.S. Pat. No. 6,084,153 to Good et al. discloses the use of a stress responsive promoter to control the expression of Alanine Amine Transferase (AlaAT) and transgenic canola plants with improved drought and nitrogen deficiency tolerance when compared to control plants.

Abiotic stress (ABS; also referred to as “environmental stress”) conditions such as salinity, drought, flood, suboptimal temperature and toxic chemical pollution, cause substantial damage to agricultural plants. Most plants have evolved strategies to protect themselves against these conditions. However, if the severity and duration of the stress conditions are too great, the effects on plant development, growth and yield of most crop plants are profound. Furthermore, most of the crop plants are highly susceptible to abiotic stress and thus necessitate optimal growth conditions for commercial crop yields. Continuous exposure to stress causes major alterations in the plant metabolism which ultimately leads to cell death and consequently yield losses.

Drought is a gradual phenomenon, which involves periods of abnormally dry weather that persists long enough to produce serious hydrologic imbalances such as crop damage, water supply shortage and increased susceptibility to various diseases. In severe cases, drought can last many years and results in devastating effects on agriculture and water supplies. Furthermore, drought is associated with increase susceptibility to various diseases.

For most crop plants, the land regions of the world are too arid. In addition, overuse of available water results in increased loss of agriculturally-usable land (desertification), and increase of salt accumulation in soils adds to the loss of available water in soils.

Salinity, high salt levels, affects one in five hectares of irrigated land. None of the top five food crops, i.e., wheat, corn, rice, potatoes, and soybean, can tolerate excessive salt. Detrimental effects of salt on plants result from both water deficit, which leads to osmotic stress (similar to drought stress), and the effect of excess sodium ions on critical biochemical processes. As with freezing and drought, high salt causes water deficit; and the presence of high salt makes it difficult for plant roots to extract water from their environment. Soil salinity is thus one of the more important variables that determine whether a plant may thrive. In many parts of the world, sizable land areas are uncultivable due to naturally high soil salinity. Thus, salination of soils that are used for agricultural production is a significant and increasing problem in regions that rely heavily on agriculture, and is worsen by over-utilization, over-fertilization and water shortage, typically caused by climatic change and the demands of increasing population. Salt tolerance is of particular importance early in a plant's lifecycle, since evaporation from the soil surface causes upward water movement, and salt accumulates in the upper soil layer where the seeds are placed. On the other hand, germination normally takes place at a salt concentration which is higher than the mean salt level in the whole soil profile.

Salt and drought stress signal transduction consist of ionic and osmotic homeostasis signaling pathways. The ionic aspect of salt stress is signaled via the SOS pathway where a calcium-responsive SOS3-SOS2 protein kinase complex controls the expression and activity of ion transporters such as SOS1. The osmotic component of salt stress involves complex plant reactions that overlap with drought and/or cold stress responses.

Suboptimal temperatures affect plant growth and development through the whole plant life cycle. Thus, low temperatures reduce germination rate and high temperatures result in leaf necrosis. In addition, mature plants that are exposed to excess of heat may experience heat shock, which may arise in various organs, including leaves and particularly fruit, when transpiration is insufficient to overcome heat stress. Heat also damages cellular structures, including organelles and cytoskeleton, and impairs membrane function. Heat shock may produce a decrease in overall protein synthesis, accompanied by expression of heat shock proteins, e.g., chaperones, which are involved in refolding proteins denatured by heat. High-temperature damage to pollen almost always occurs in conjunction with drought stress, and rarely occurs under well-watered conditions. Combined stress can alter plant metabolism in novel ways. Excessive chilling conditions, e.g., low, but above freezing, temperatures affect crops of tropical origins, such as soybean, rice, maize, and cotton. Typical chilling damage includes wilting, necrosis, chlorosis or leakage of ions from cell membranes. The underlying mechanisms of chilling sensitivity are not completely understood yet, but probably involve the level of membrane saturation and other physiological deficiencies. Excessive light conditions, which occur under clear atmospheric conditions subsequent to cold late summer/autumn nights, can lead to photoinhibition of photosynthesis (disruption of photosynthesis). In addition, chilling may lead to yield losses and lower product quality through the delayed ripening of maize.

Common aspects of drought, cold and salt stress response [Reviewed in Xiong and Zhu (2002) Plant Cell Environ. 25: 131-139] include: (a) transient changes in the cytoplasmic calcium levels early in the signaling event; (b) signal transduction via mitogen-activated and/or calcium dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and protein phosphatases; (c) increases in abscisic acid levels in response to stress triggering a subset of responses; (d) inositol phosphates as signal molecules (at least for a subset of the stress responsive transcriptional changes; (e) activation of phospholipases which in turn generates a diverse array of second messenger molecules, some of which might regulate the activity of stress responsive kinases; (f) induction of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) type genes including the CRT/DRE responsive COR/RD genes; (g) increased levels of antioxidants and compatible osmolytes such as proline and soluble sugars; and (h) accumulation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Abscisic acid biosynthesis is regulated by osmotic stress at multiple steps. Both ABA-dependent and -independent osmotic stress signaling first modify constitutively expressed transcription factors, leading to the expression of early response transcriptional activators, which then activate downstream stress tolerance effector genes.

Several genes which increase tolerance to cold or salt stress can also improve drought stress protection, these include for example, the transcription factor AtCBF/DREB1, OsCDPK7 (Saijo et al. 2000, Plant J. 23: 319-327) or AVP1 (a vacuolar pyrophosphatase-proton pump, Gaxiola et al. 2001, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 11444-11449).

Studies have shown that plant adaptations to adverse environmental conditions are complex genetic traits with polygenic nature. Conventional means for crop and horticultural improvements utilize selective breeding techniques to identify plants having desirable characteristics. However, selective breeding is tedious, time consuming and has an unpredictable outcome. Furthermore, limited germplasm resources for yield improvement and incompatibility in crosses between distantly related plant species represent significant problems encountered in conventional breeding. Advances in genetic engineering have allowed mankind to modify the germplasm of plants by expression of genes-of-interest in plants. Such a technology has the capacity to generate crops or plants with improved economic, agronomic or horticultural traits.

Genetic engineering efforts, aimed at conferring abiotic stress tolerance to transgenic crops, have been described in various publications [Apse and Blumwald (Curr Opin Biotechnol. 13:146-150, 2002), Quesada et al. (Plant Physiol. 130:951-963, 2002), Holmström et al. (Nature 379: 683-684, 1996), Xu et al. (Plant Physiol 110: 249-257, 1996), Pilon-Smits and Ebskamp (Plant Physiol 107: 125-130, 1995) and Tarczynski et al. (Science 259: 508-510, 1993)].

Various patents and patent applications disclose genes and proteins which can be used for increasing tolerance of plants to abiotic stresses. These include for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,296,462 and 5,356,816 (for increasing tolerance to cold stress); U.S. Pat. No. 6,670,528 (for increasing ABST); U.S. Pat. No. 6,720,477 (for increasing ABST); U.S. application Ser. Nos. 09/938,842 and 10/342,224 (for increasing ABST); U.S. application Ser. No. 10/231,035 (for increasing ABST); WO2004/104162 (for increasing ABST and biomass); WO2007/020638 (for increasing ABST, biomass, vigor and/or yield); WO2007/049275 (for increasing ABST, biomass, vigor and/or yield); WO2010/076756 (for increasing ABST, biomass and/or yield);. WO2009/083958 (for increasing water use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, biotic/abiotic stress tolerance, yield and/or biomass); WO2010/020941 (for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, yield and/or biomass); WO2009/141824 (for increasing plant utility); WO2010/049897 (for increasing plant yield).

Nutrient deficiencies cause adaptations of the root architecture, particularly notably for example is the root proliferation within nutrient rich patches to increase nutrient uptake. Nutrient deficiencies cause also the activation of plant metabolic pathways which maximize the absorption, assimilation and distribution processes such as by activating architectural changes. Engineering the expression of the triggered genes may cause the plant to exhibit the architectural changes and enhanced metabolism also under other conditions.

In addition, it is widely known that the plants usually respond to water deficiency by creating a deeper root system that allows access to moisture located in deeper soil layers. Triggering this effect will allow the plants to access nutrients and water located in deeper soil horizons particularly those readily dissolved in water like nitrates.

Cotton and cotton by-products provide raw materials that are used to produce a wealth of consumer-based products in addition to textiles including cotton foodstuffs, livestock feed, fertilizer and paper. The production, marketing, consumption and trade of cotton-based products generate an excess of $100 billion annually in the U.S. alone, making cotton the number one value-added crop.

Even though 90% of cotton's value as a crop resides in the fiber (lint), yield and fiber quality has declined due to general erosion in genetic diversity of cotton varieties, and an increased vulnerability of the crop to environmental conditions.

There are many varieties of cotton plant, from which cotton fibers with a range of characteristics can be obtained and used for various applications. Cotton fibers may be characterized according to a variety of properties, some of which are considered highly desirable within the textile industry for the production of increasingly high quality products and optimal exploitation of modern spinning technologies. Commercially desirable properties include length, length uniformity, fineness, maturity ratio, decreased fuzz fiber production, micronaire, bundle strength, and single fiber strength. Much effort has been put into the improvement of the characteristics of cotton fibers mainly focusing on fiber length and fiber fineness. In particular, there is a great demand for cotton fibers of specific lengths.

A cotton fiber is composed of a single cell that has differentiated from an epidermal cell of the seed coat, developing through four stages, i.e., initiation, elongation, secondary cell wall thickening and maturation stages. More specifically, the elongation of a cotton fiber commences in the epidermal cell of the ovule immediately following flowering, after which the cotton fiber rapidly elongates for approximately 21 days. Fiber elongation is then terminated, and a secondary cell wall is formed and grown through maturation to become a mature cotton fiber.

Several candidate genes which are associated with the elongation, formation, quality and yield of cotton fibers were disclosed in various patent applications such as U.S. Pat. No. 5,880,100 and U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 08/580,545, 08/867,484 and 09/262,653 (describing genes involved in cotton fiber elongation stage); WO0245485 (improving fiber quality by modulating sucrose synthase); U.S. Pat. No. 6,472,588 and WO0117333 (increasing fiber quality by transformation with a DNA encoding sucrose phosphate synthase); WO9508914 (using a fiber-specific promoter and a coding sequence encoding cotton peroxidase); WO9626639 (using an ovary specific promoter sequence to express plant growth modifying hormones in cotton ovule tissue, for altering fiber quality characteristics such as fiber dimension and strength); U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,981,834, 5,597,718, 5,620,882, 5,521,708 and 5,495,070 (coding sequences to alter the fiber characteristics of transgenic fiber producing plants); U.S. patent applications U.S. 2002049999 and U.S. 2003074697 (expressing a gene coding for endoxyloglucan transferase, catalase or peroxidase for improving cotton fiber characteristics); WO 01/40250 (improving cotton fiber quality by modulating transcription factor gene expression); WO 96/40924 (a cotton fiber transcriptional initiation regulatory region associated which is expressed in cotton fiber); EP0834566 (a gene which controls the fiber formation mechanism in cotton plant); WO2005/121364 (improving cotton fiber quality by modulating gene expression); WO2008/075364 (improving fiber quality, yield/biomass/vigor and/or abiotic stress tolerance of plants).

WO publication No. 2004/104162 discloses methods of increasing abiotic stress tolerance and/or biomass in plants and plants generated thereby.

WO publication No. 2004/111183 discloses nucleotide sequences for regulating gene expression in plant trichomes and constructs and methods utilizing same.

WO publication No. 2004/081173 discloses novel plant derived regulatory sequences and constructs and methods of using such sequences for directing expression of exogenous polynucleotide sequences in plants.

WO publication No. 2005/121364 discloses polynucleotides and polypeptides involved in plant fiber development and methods of using same for improving fiber quality, yield and/or biomass of a fiber producing plant.

WO publication No. 2007/049275 discloses isolated polypeptides, polynucleotides encoding same, transgenic plants expressing same and methods of using same for increasing fertilizer use efficiency, plant abiotic stress tolerance and biomass.

WO publication No. 2007/020638 discloses methods of increasing abiotic stress tolerance and/or biomass in plants and plants generated thereby.

WO publication No. 2008/122980 discloses genes constructs and methods for increasing oil content, growth rate and biomass of plants.

WO publication No. 2008/075364 discloses polynucleotides involved in plant fiber development and methods of using same.

WO publication No. 2009/083958 discloses methods of increasing water use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, biotic/abiotic stress tolerance, yield and biomass in plant and plants generated thereby.

WO publication No. 2009/141824 discloses isolated polynucleotides and methods using same for increasing plant utility.

WO publication No. 2009/013750 discloses genes, constructs and methods of increasing abiotic stress tolerance, biomass and/or yield in plants generated thereby.

WO publication No. 2010/020941 discloses methods of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, yield and biomass in plants and plants generated thereby.

WO publication No. 2010/076756 discloses isolated polynucleotides for increasing abiotic stress tolerance, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of a plant.

WO2010/100595 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing plant yield and/or agricultural characteristics.

WO publication No. 2010/049897 discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides and methods of using same for increasing plant yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance of plants and nitrogen use efficiency.

WO2010/143138 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency

WO publication No. 2011/080674 discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides and methods of using same for increasing plant yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance of plants and nitrogen use efficiency.

WO2011/015985 publication discloses polynucleotides and polypeptides for increasing desirable plant qualities.

WO2011/135527 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides for increasing plant yield and/or agricultural characteristics.

WO2012/028993 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, and/or abiotic stress tolerance.

WO2012/085862 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for improving plant properties.

WO2012/150598 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides and methods of using same for increasing plant yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance of plants and nitrogen use efficiency.

WO2013/027223 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing plant yield and/or agricultural characteristics.

WO2013/080203 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, and/or abiotic stress tolerance.

WO2013/098819 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing yield of plants.

WO2013/128448 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides and methods of using same for increasing plant yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance of plants and nitrogen use efficiency.

WO 2013/179211 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing plant yield and/or agricultural characteristics.

WO2014/033714 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides, polypeptides and methods of using same for increasing abiotic stress tolerance, biomass and yield of plants.

WO2014/102773 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing nitrogen use efficiency of plants.

WO2014/102774 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, construct and plants comprising same and methods of using same for increasing nitrogen use efficiency of plants.

WO2014/188428 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing plant yield and/or agricultural characteristics.

WO2015/029031 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing plant yield and/or agricultural characteristics.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, 6563-6588 or 6589, thereby increasing the yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589, thereby increasing the yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589, wherein the crop plant is derived from plants which have been transformed with the exogenous polynucleotide and which have been selected for increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased nitrogen use efficiency, and/or increased abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and the crop plant having the increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased nitrogen use efficiency, and/or increased abiotic stress tolerance, thereby producing the crop.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, 3619-3649 or 3650, thereby increasing the yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650, thereby increasing the yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide which comprises a nucleic acid sequence which is at least 80% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650, wherein the crop plant is derived from plants which have been transformed with the exogenous polynucleotide and which have been selected for increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased nitrogen use efficiency, and/or increased abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and the crop plant having the increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased nitrogen use efficiency, and/or increased abiotic stress tolerance, thereby producing the crop.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide which comprises an amino acid sequence at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, 6563-6588 or 6589, wherein the amino acid sequence is capable of increasing yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide which comprises the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650, wherein the nucleic acid sequence is capable of increasing yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polynucleotide comprising the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a nucleic acid construct comprising the isolated polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention, and a promoter for directing transcription of the nucleic acid sequence in a host cell.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least 80% homologous to SEQ ID NO: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, 6563-6588 or 6589, wherein the amino acid sequence is capable of increasing yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a plant cell exogenously expressing the polynucleotide of claim 7, 8, 9 or 10, or the nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a plant cell exogenously expressing the polypeptide of some embodiments of the invention.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid sequence encodes an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the polynucleotide consists of the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid sequence encodes the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant cell forms part of a plant.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprising growing the plant expressing the exogenous polynucleotide under the abiotic stress.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the abiotic stress is selected from the group consisting of salinity, drought, osmotic stress, water deprivation, flood, etiolation, low temperature, high temperature, heavy metal toxicity, anaerobiosis, nutrient deficiency, nitrogen deficiency, nutrient excess, atmospheric pollution and UV irradiation.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the yield comprises seed yield or oil yield.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a transgenic plant comprising the nucleic acid construct of any of claims 11 and 16-19 or the plant cell of any of claims 14-20 and 22-23.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprising growing the plant expressing the exogenous polynucleotide under nitrogen-limiting conditions.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the promoter is heterologous to the isolated polynucleotide and/or to the host cell.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of growing a crop, the method comprising seeding seeds and/or planting plantlets of a plant transformed with the isolated polynucleotide of claim 7, 8, 9, or 10, or with the nucleic acid construct of claim 11, wherein the plant is derived from plants which have been transformed with the exogenous polynucleotide and which have been selected for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of: increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased biomass, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and increased oil content as compared to a non-transformed plant, thereby growing the crop.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the non-transformed plant is a wild type plant of identical genetic background.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the non-transformed plant is a wild type plant of the same species.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the non-transformed plant is grown under identical growth conditions.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprising selecting a plant having an increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of selecting a transformed plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, the method comprising:

(a) providing plants transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589,

(b) selecting from the plants of step (a) a plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions,

thereby selecting the plant having the increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of selecting a transformed plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, the method comprising:

(a) providing plants transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide at least 80% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650,

(b) selecting from the plants of step (a) a plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions,

thereby selecting the plant having the increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.

According to some embodiments of the invention, selecting is performed under non-stress conditions.

According to some embodiments of the invention, selecting is performed under abiotic stress conditions.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and/or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of embodiments of the invention, exemplary methods and/or materials are described below. In case of conflict, the patent specification, including definitions, will control. In addition, the materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be necessarily limiting.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

Some embodiments of the invention are herein described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. With specific reference now to the drawings in detail, it is stressed that the particulars shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of embodiments of the invention. In this regard, the description taken with the drawings makes apparent to those skilled in the art how embodiments of the invention may be practiced.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the modified pGI binary plasmid containing the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6614) and the GUSintron (pQYN 6669) used for expressing the isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention. RB—T-DNA right border; LB—T-DNA left border; MCS—Multiple cloning site; RE—any restriction enzyme; NOS pro=nopaline synthase promoter; NPT-II=neomycin phosphotransferase gene; NOS ter=nopaline synthase terminator; Poly-A signal (polyadenylation signal); GUSintron—the GUS reporter gene (coding sequence and intron). The isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention were cloned into the vector while replacing the GUSintron reporter gene.

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the modified pGI binary plasmid containing the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6614) (pQFN or pQFNc or pQsFN) used for expressing the isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention. RB—T-DNA right border; LB—T-DNA left border; MCS—Multiple cloning site; RE—any restriction enzyme; NOS pro=nopaline synthase promoter; NPT-II=neomycin phosphotransferase gene; NOS ter=nopaline synthase terminator; Poly-A signal (polyadenylation signal); The isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention were cloned into the MCS of the vector.

FIGS. 3A-3F are images depicting visualization of root development of transgenic plants exogenously expressing the polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention when grown in transparent agar plates under normal (FIGS. 3A-3B), osmotic stress (15% PEG; FIGS. 3C-3D) or nitrogen-limiting (FIGS. 3E-3F) conditions. The different transgenes were grown in transparent agar plates for 17 days (7 days nursery and 10 days after transplanting). The plates were photographed every 3-4 days starting at day 1 after transplanting. FIG. 3A—An image of a photograph of plants taken following 10 after transplanting days on agar plates when grown under normal (standard) conditions. FIG. 3B—An image of root analysis of the plants shown in FIG. 3A in which the lengths of the roots measured are represented by arrows. FIG. 3C—An image of a photograph of plants taken following 10 days after transplanting on agar plates, grown under high osmotic (PEG 15%) conditions. FIG. 3D—An image of root analysis of the plants shown in FIG. 3C in which the lengths of the roots measured are represented by arrows. FIG. 3E—An image of a photograph of plants taken following 10 days after transplanting on agar plates, grown under low nitrogen conditions. FIG. 3F—An image of root analysis of the plants shown in FIG. 3E in which the lengths of the roots measured are represented by arrows.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the modified pGI binary plasmid containing the Root Promoter (pQNa RP) used for expressing the isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention. RB—T-DNA right border; LB—T-DNA left border; NOS pro=nopaline synthase promoter; NPT-II=neomycin phosphotransferase gene; NOS ter=nopaline synthase terminator; Poly-A signal (polyadenylation signal); The isolated polynucleotide sequences according to some embodiments of the invention were cloned into the MCS (Multiple cloning site) of the vector.

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the pQYN plasmid.

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the pQFN plasmid.

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the pQFYN plasmid.

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the modified pGI binary plasmid (pQXNc) used for expressing the isolated polynucleotide sequences of some embodiments of the invention. RB—T-DNA right border; LB—T-DNA left border; NOS pro=nopaline synthase promoter; NPT-II=neomycin phosphotransferase gene; NOS ter=nopaline synthase terminator; RE=any restriction enzyme; Poly-A signal (polyadenylation signal); 35S—the 35S promoter (pQXNc); SEQ ID NO: 6610). The isolated polynucleotide sequences of some embodiments of the invention were cloned into the MCS (Multiple cloning site) of the vector.

FIGS. 9A-9B are schematic illustrations of the pEBbVNi tDNA (FIG. 9A) and the pEBbNi tDNA (FIG. 9B) plasmids used in the Brachypodium experiments. pEBbVNi tDNA (FIG. 9A) was used for expression of the isolated polynucleotide sequences of some embodiments of the invention in Brachypodium. pEBbNi tDNA (FIG. 9B) was used for transformation into Brachypodium as a negative control. “RB”=right border; “2LBregion”=2 repeats of left border; “35S”=35S promoter (SEQ ID NO: 10666 in FIG. 9A); “Ubiquitin promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6600 in both of FIGS. 9A and 9B; “NOS ter”=nopaline synthase terminator; “Bar ORF”—BAR open reading frame (GenBank Accession No. JQ293091.1; SEQ ID NO: 6627); The isolated polynucleotide sequences of some embodiments of the invention were cloned into the Multiple cloning site of the vector using one or more of the indicated restriction enzyme sites.

FIG. 10 depicts seedling analysis of an Arabidopsis plant having shoots (upper part, marked “#1”) and roots (lower part, marked “#2”). Using an image analysis system the minimal convex area encompassed by the roots is determined. Such area corresponds to the root coverage of the plant.

FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of the pQ6sVN plasmid. pQ6sVN was used for expression of the isolated polynucleotide sequences of some embodiments of the invention in Brachypodium. “35S(V)”=35S promoter (SEQ ID NO:6626); “NOS ter”=nopaline synthase terminator; “Bar_GA”=BAR open reading frame optimized for expression in Brachypodium (SEQ ID NO: 6628); “Hygro”=Hygromycin resistance gene. “Ubi1 promoter”=SEQ ID NO: 6600; The isolated polynucleotide sequences of some embodiments of the invention were cloned into the Multiple cloning site of the vector (downstream of the “35S(V)” promoter) using one or more of the indicated restriction enzyme sites.

FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of the pQsFN plasmid containing the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6614) used for expression the isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention in Arabidopsis. RB—T-DNA right border; LB—T-DNA left border; MCS—Multiple cloning site; RE—any restriction enzyme; NOS pro=nopaline synthase promoter; NPT-II=neomycin phosphotransferase gene; NOS ter=nopaline synthase terminator; Poly-A signal (polyadenylation signal); The isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention were cloned into the MCS of the vector.

FIG. 13 is schematic illustration pQ6sN plasmid, which is used as a negative control (“empty vector”) of the experiments performed when the plants were transformed with the pQ6sVN vector. “Ubi1” promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6600); NOS ter=nopaline synthase terminator; “Bar_GA”=BAR open reading frame optimized for expression in Brachypodium (SEQ ID NO:6628).

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The present inventors have identified novel polypeptides and polynucleotides which can be used to generate nucleic acid constructs, transgenic plants and to increase nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant, such as a wheat plant.

Thus, as shown in the Examples section which follows, the present inventors have utilized bioinformatics tools to identify polynucleotides which enhance/increase fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency), yield (e.g., seed yield, oil yield, oil content), growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant. Genes which affect the trait-of-interest were identified [SEQ ID NOs: 182-297 for polypeptides; and SEQ ID NOs: 1-181 for polynucleotides] based on expression profiles of genes of several Sorghum, Maize, Foxtail millet, Barley, tomato, soybean, Arabidopsis, bean, and cotton ecotypes, varieties and/or accessions in various tissues and growth conditions, homology with genes known to affect the trait-of-interest and using digital expression profile in specific tissues and conditions (Tables 1-178, Examples 1-18 of the Examples section which follows). Homologous (e.g., orthologous) polypeptides and polynucleotides having the same function in increasing fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency), yield (e.g., seed yield, oil yield, oil content), growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant were also identified [SEQ ID NOs: 3651-6589 (for polypeptides), and SEQ ID NOs: 298-3650 (for polynucleotides); Table 179, Example 19 of the Examples section which follows]. The polynucleotides of some embodiments of the invention were cloned into binary vectors (Example 20, Table 180), and were further transformed into Arabidopsis plants (Examples 21-22). Transgenic plants over-expressing the identified polynucleotides were found to exhibit increased biomass, growth rate, vigor and yield under normal growth conditions, under drought growth conditions or under nitrogen limiting growth conditions and increased tolerance to abiotic stress conditions (e.g., drought stress, nutrient deficiency) as compared to control plants grown under the same growth conditions (Examples 24-26, Tables 181-203). Altogether, these results suggest the use of the novel polynucleotides and polypeptides of the invention (e.g., SEQ ID NOs: 1-181 and 298-3650 and SEQ ID NOs: 182-297 and 3651-6589) for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield (e.g., oil yield, seed yield and oil content), growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, water use efficiency and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.

Thus, according to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided method of increasing oil content, yield, seed yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency) and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous (e.g., identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589, e.g., using an exogenous polynucleotide which is at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% identical to the polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650, thereby increasing the oil content, yield, seed yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency) and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided method of increasing oil content, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency) and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589, thereby increasing the oil content, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency) and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.

As used herein the phrase “plant yield” refers to the amount (e.g., as determined by weight or size) or quantity (numbers) of tissues or organs produced per plant or per growing season. Hence increased yield could affect the economic benefit one can obtain from the plant in a certain growing area and/or growing time.

It should be noted that a plant yield can be affected by various parameters including, but not limited to, plant biomass; plant vigor; growth rate; seed yield; seed or grain quantity; seed or grain quality; oil yield; content of oil, starch and/or protein in harvested organs (e.g., seeds or vegetative parts of the plant); number of flowers (florets) per panicle (expressed as a ratio of number of filled seeds over number of primary panicles); harvest index; number of plants grown per area; number and size of harvested organs per plant and per area; number of plants per growing area (density); number of harvested organs in field; total leaf area; carbon assimilation and carbon partitioning (the distribution/allocation of carbon within the plant); resistance to shade; number of harvestable organs (e.g. seeds), seeds per pod, weight per seed; and modified architecture [such as increase stalk diameter, thickness or improvement of physical properties (e.g. elasticity)].

As used herein the phrase “seed yield” refers to the number or weight of the seeds per plant, seeds per pod, or per growing area or to the weight of a single seed, or to the oil extracted per seed. Hence seed yield can be affected by seed dimensions (e.g., length, width, perimeter, area and/or volume), number of (filled) seeds and seed filling rate and by seed oil content. Hence increase seed yield per plant could affect the economic benefit one can obtain from the plant in a certain growing area and/or growing time; and increase seed yield per growing area could be achieved by increasing seed yield per plant, and/or by increasing number of plants grown on the same given area.

The term “seed” (also referred to as “grain” or “kernel”) as used herein refers to a small embryonic plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat (usually with some stored food), the product of the ripened ovule of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants which occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant.

The phrase “oil content” as used herein refers to the amount of lipids in a given plant organ, either the seeds (seed oil content) or the vegetative portion of the plant (vegetative oil content) and is typically expressed as percentage of dry weight (10% humidity of seeds) or wet weight (for vegetative portion).

It should be noted that oil content is affected by intrinsic oil production of a tissue (e.g., seed, vegetative portion), as well as the mass or size of the oil-producing tissue per plant or per growth period.

In one embodiment, increase in oil content of the plant can be achieved by increasing the size/mass of a plant's tissue(s) which comprise oil per growth period. Thus, increased oil content of a plant can be achieved by increasing the yield, growth rate, biomass and vigor of the plant.

As used herein the phrase “plant biomass” refers to the amount (e.g., measured in grams of air-dry tissue) of a tissue produced from the plant in a growing season, which could also determine or affect the plant yield or the yield per growing area. An increase in plant biomass can be in the whole plant or in parts thereof such as aboveground (harvestable) parts, vegetative biomass, roots and seeds.

As used herein the term “root biomass” refers to the total weight of the plant's root(s). Root biomass can be determined directly by weighing the total root material (fresh and/or dry weight) of a plant.

Additional or alternatively, the root biomass can be indirectly determined by measuring root coverage, root density and/or root length of a plant.

It should be noted that plants having a larger root coverage exhibit higher fertilizer (e.g., nitrogen) use efficiency and/or higher water use efficiency as compared to plants with a smaller root coverage.

As used herein the phrase “root coverage” refers to the total area or volume of soil or of any plant-growing medium encompassed by the roots of a plant.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the root coverage is the minimal convex volume encompassed by the roots of the plant.

It should be noted that since each plant has a characteristic root system, e.g., some plants exhibit a shallow root system (e.g., only a few centimeters below ground level), while others have a deep in soil root system (e.g., a few tens of centimeters or a few meters deep in soil below ground level), measuring the root coverage of a plant can be performed in any depth of the soil or of the plant-growing medium, and comparison of root coverage between plants of the same species (e.g., a transgenic plant exogenously expressing the polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention and a control plant) should be performed by measuring the root coverage in the same depth.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the root coverage is the minimal convex area encompassed by the roots of a plant in a specific depth.

A non-limiting example of measuring root coverage is shown in FIG. 10 .

As used herein the term “root density” refers to the density of roots in a given area (e.g., area of soil or any plant growing medium). The root density can be determined by counting the root number per a predetermined area at a predetermined depth (in units of root number per area, e.g., mm², cm² or m²).

As used herein the phrase “root length” refers to the total length of the longest root of a single plant.

As used herein the phrase “root length growth rate” refers to the change in total root length per plant per time unit (e.g., per day).

As used herein the phrase “growth rate” refers to the increase in plant organ/tissue size per time (can be measured in cm² per day or cm/day).

As used herein the phrase “photosynthetic capacity” (also known as “A_(max)”) is a measure of the maximum rate at which leaves are able to fix carbon during photosynthesis. It is typically measured as the amount of carbon dioxide that is fixed per square meter per second, for example as μmol m⁻² sec⁻¹. Plants are able to increase their photosynthetic capacity by several modes of action, such as by increasing the total leaves area (e.g., by increase of leaves area, increase in the number of leaves, and increase in plant's vigor, e.g., the ability of the plant to grow new leaves along time course) as well as by increasing the ability of the plant to efficiently execute carbon fixation in the leaves. Hence, the increase in total leaves area can be used as a reliable measurement parameter for photosynthetic capacity increment.

As used herein the phrase “plant vigor” refers to the amount (measured by weight) of tissue produced by the plant in a given time. Hence increased vigor could determine or affect the plant yield or the yield per growing time or growing area. In addition, early vigor (seed and/or seedling) results in improved field stand.

Improving early vigor is an important objective of modern rice breeding programs in both temperate and tropical rice cultivars. Long roots are important for proper soil anchorage in water-seeded rice. Where rice is sown directly into flooded fields, and where plants must emerge rapidly through water, longer shoots are associated with vigor. Where drill-seeding is practiced, longer mesocotyls and coleoptiles are important for good seedling emergence. The ability to engineer early vigor into plants would be of great importance in agriculture. For example, poor early vigor has been a limitation to the introduction of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids based on Corn Belt germplasm in the European Atlantic.

It should be noted that a plant trait such as yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency) can be determined under stress (e.g., abiotic stress, nitrogen-limiting conditions) and/or non-stress (normal) conditions.

As used herein, the phrase “non-stress conditions” refers to the growth conditions (e.g., water, temperature, light-dark cycles, humidity, salt concentration, fertilizer concentration in soil, nutrient supply such as nitrogen, phosphorous and/or potassium), that do not significantly go beyond the everyday climatic and other abiotic conditions that plants may encounter, and which allow optimal growth, metabolism, reproduction and/or viability of a plant at any stage in its life cycle (e.g., in a crop plant from seed to a mature plant and back to seed again). Persons skilled in the art are aware of normal soil conditions and climatic conditions for a given plant in a given geographic location. It should be noted that while the non-stress conditions may include some mild variations from the optimal conditions (which vary from one type/species of a plant to another), such variations do not cause the plant to cease growing without the capacity to resume growth.

Following is a non-limiting description of non-stress (normal) growth conditions which can be used for growing the transgenic plants expressing the polynucleotides or polypeptides of some embodiments of the invention.

For example, normal conditions for growing Sorghum include irrigation with about 452,000 liter water per dunam (1000 square meters) and fertilization with about 14 units nitrogen per dunam per growing season.

Normal conditions for growing cotton include irrigation with about 580,000 liter water per dunam (1000 square meters) and fertilization with about 24 units nitrogen per dunam per growing season.

Normal conditions for growing bean include irrigation with about 524,000 liter water per dunam (1000 square meters) and fertilization with about 16 units nitrogen per dunam per growing season.

Normal conditions for growing B. Juncea include irrigation with about 861,000 liter water per dunam (1000 square meters) and fertilization with about 12 units nitrogen per dunam per growing season.

The phrase “abiotic stress” as used herein refers to any adverse effect on metabolism, growth, reproduction and/or viability of a plant. Accordingly, abiotic stress can be induced by suboptimal environmental growth conditions such as, for example, salinity, osmotic stress, water deprivation, drought, flooding, freezing, low or high temperature, heavy metal toxicity, anaerobiosis, nutrient deficiency (e.g., nitrogen deficiency or limited nitrogen), atmospheric pollution or UV irradiation. The implications of abiotic stress are discussed in the Background section.

The phrase “abiotic stress tolerance” as used herein refers to the ability of a plant to endure an abiotic stress without suffering a substantial alteration in metabolism, growth, productivity and/or viability.

Plants are subject to a range of environmental challenges. Several of these, including salt stress, general osmotic stress, drought stress and freezing stress, have the ability to impact whole plant and cellular water availability. Not surprisingly, then, plant responses to this collection of stresses are related. Zhu (2002) Ann. Rev. Plant Biol. 53: 247-273 et al. note that “most studies on water stress signaling have focused on salt stress primarily because plant responses to salt and drought are closely related and the mechanisms overlap”. Many examples of similar responses and pathways to this set of stresses have been documented. For example, the CBF transcription factors have been shown to condition resistance to salt, freezing and drought (Kasuga et al. (1999) Nature Biotech. 17: 287-291). The Arabidopsis rd29B gene is induced in response to both salt and dehydration stress, a process that is mediated largely through an ABA signal transduction process (Uno et al. (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 11632-11637), resulting in altered activity of transcription factors that bind to an upstream element within the rd29B promoter. In Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (ice plant), Patharker and Cushman have shown that a calcium-dependent protein kinase (McCDPK1) is induced by exposure to both drought and salt stresses (Patharker and Cushman (2000) Plant J. 24: 679-691). The stress-induced kinase was also shown to phosphorylate a transcription factor, presumably altering its activity, although transcript levels of the target transcription factor are not altered in response to salt or drought stress. Similarly, Saijo et al. demonstrated that a rice salt/drought-induced calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (OsCDPK7) conferred increased salt and drought tolerance to rice when overexpressed (Saijo et al. (2000) Plant J. 23: 319-327).

Exposure to dehydration invokes similar survival strategies in plants as does freezing stress (see, for example, Yelenosky (1989) Plant Physiol 89: 444-451) and drought stress induces freezing tolerance (see, for example, Siminovitch et al. (1982) Plant Physiol 69: 250-255; and Guy et al. (1992) Planta 188: 265-270). In addition to the induction of cold-acclimation proteins, strategies that allow plants to survive in low water conditions may include, for example, reduced surface area, or surface oil or wax production. In another example increased solute content of the plant prevents evaporation and water loss due to heat, drought, salinity, osmoticum, and the like therefore providing a better plant tolerance to the above stresses.

It will be appreciated that some pathways involved in resistance to one stress (as described above), will also be involved in resistance to other stresses, regulated by the same or homologous genes. Of course, the overall resistance pathways are related, not identical, and therefore not all genes controlling resistance to one stress will control resistance to the other stresses. Nonetheless, if a gene conditions resistance to one of these stresses, it would be apparent to one skilled in the art to test for resistance to these related stresses. Methods of assessing stress resistance are further provided in the Examples section which follows.

As used herein the phrase “water use efficiency (WUE)” refers to the level of organic matter produced per unit of water consumed by the plant, i.e., the dry weight of a plant in relation to the plant's water use, e.g., the biomass produced per unit transpiration.

As used herein the phrase “fertilizer use efficiency” refers to the metabolic process(es) which lead to an increase in the plant's yield, biomass, vigor, and growth rate per fertilizer unit applied. The metabolic process can be the uptake, spread, absorbent, accumulation, relocation (within the plant) and use of one or more of the minerals and organic moieties absorbed by the plant, such as nitrogen, phosphates and/or potassium.

As used herein the phrase “fertilizer-limiting conditions” refers to growth conditions which include a level (e.g., concentration) of a fertilizer applied which is below the level needed for normal plant metabolism, growth, reproduction and/or viability.

As used herein the phrase “nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)” refers to the metabolic process(es) which lead to an increase in the plant's yield, biomass, vigor, and growth rate per nitrogen unit applied. The metabolic process can be the uptake, spread, absorbent, accumulation, relocation (within the plant) and use of nitrogen absorbed by the plant.

As used herein the phrase “nitrogen-limiting conditions” refers to growth conditions which include a level (e.g., concentration) of nitrogen (e.g., ammonium or nitrate) applied which is below the level needed for normal plant metabolism, growth, reproduction and/or viability.

Improved plant NUE and FUE is translated in the field into either harvesting similar quantities of yield, while implementing less fertilizers, or increased yields gained by implementing the same levels of fertilizers. Thus, improved NUE or FUE has a direct effect on plant yield in the field. Thus, the polynucleotides and polypeptides of some embodiments of the invention positively affect plant yield, seed yield, and plant biomass. In addition, the benefit of improved plant NUE will certainly improve crop quality and biochemical constituents of the seed such as protein yield and oil yield. It should be noted that improved ABST will confer plants with improved vigor also under non-stress conditions, resulting in crops having improved biomass and/or yield e.g., elongated fibers for the cotton industry, higher oil content.

The term “fiber” is usually inclusive of thick-walled conducting cells such as vessels and tracheids and to fibrillar aggregates of many individual fiber cells. Hence, the term “fiber” refers to (a) thick-walled conducting and non-conducting cells of the xylem; (b) fibers of extraxylary origin, including those from phloem, bark, ground tissue, and epidermis; and (c) fibers from stems, leaves, roots, seeds, and flowers or inflorescences (such as those of Sorghum vulgare used in the manufacture of brushes and brooms).

Example of fiber producing plants, include, but are not limited to, agricultural crops such as cotton, silk cotton tree (Kapok, Ceiba pentandra), desert willow, creosote bush, winterfat, balsa, kenaf, roselle, jute, sisal abaca, flax, corn, sugar cane, hemp, ramie, kapok, coir, bamboo, spanish moss and Agave spp. (e.g. sisal).

As used herein the phrase “fiber quality” refers to at least one fiber parameter which is agriculturally desired, or required in the fiber industry (further described hereinbelow). Examples of such parameters, include but are not limited to, fiber length, fiber strength, fiber fitness, fiber weight per unit length, maturity ratio and uniformity (further described hereinbelow).

Cotton fiber (lint) quality is typically measured according to fiber length, strength and fineness. Accordingly, the lint quality is considered higher when the fiber is longer, stronger and finer.

As used herein the phrase “fiber yield” refers to the amount or quantity of fibers produced from the fiber producing plant.

As mentioned hereinabove, transgenic plants of the present invention can be used for improving myriad of commercially desired traits which are all interrelated as is discussed hereinbelow.

As used herein the term “trait” refers to a characteristic or quality of a plant which may overall (either directly or indirectly) improve the commercial value of the plant.

As used herein the term “increasing” refers to at least about 2%, at least about 3%, at least about 4%, at least about 5%, at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 30%, at least about 40%, at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, increase in the trait [e.g., yield, seed yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or nitrogen use efficiency] of a plant as compared to a native plant or a wild type plant [i.e., a plant not modified with the biomolecules (polynucleotide or polypeptides) of the invention, e.g., a non-transformed plant of the same species which is grown under the same (e.g., identical) growth conditions].

The phrase “expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide” as used herein refers to upregulating the expression level of an exogenous polynucleotide within the plant by introducing the exogenous polynucleotide into a plant cell or plant and expressing by recombinant means, as further described herein below.

As used herein “expressing” refers to expression at the mRNA and optionally polypeptide level.

As used herein, the phrase “exogenous polynucleotide” refers to a heterologous nucleic acid sequence which may not be naturally expressed within the plant (e.g., a nucleic acid sequence from a different species) or which overexpression in the plant is desired. The exogenous polynucleotide may be introduced into the plant in a stable or transient manner, so as to produce a ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule and/or a polypeptide molecule. It should be noted that the exogenous polynucleotide may comprise a nucleic acid sequence which is identical or partially homologous to an endogenous nucleic acid sequence of the plant.

The term “endogenous” as used herein refers to any polynucleotide or polypeptide which is present and/or naturally expressed within a plant or a cell thereof.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide of the invention comprises a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous (e.g., identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589.

Homologous sequences include both orthologous and paralogous sequences. The term “paralogous” relates to gene-duplications within the genome of a species leading to paralogous genes. The term “orthologous” relates to homologous genes in different organisms due to ancestral relationship. Thus, orthologs are evolutionary counterparts derived from a single ancestral gene in the last common ancestor of given two species (Koonin E V and Galperin M Y (Sequence-Evolution-Function: Computational Approaches in Comparative Genomics. Boston: Kluwer Academic; 2003. Chapter 2, Evolutionary Concept in Genetics and Genomics. Available from: ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov/books/NBK20255) and therefore have great likelihood of having the same function.

A non-limiting example of a reduction to practice with respect to homologues (e.g., orthologues) is described hereinbelow. As shown in Tables 192-194 below, LGB5 (the polypeptides set forth by SEQ ID NO:191) and an orthologue thereof (e.g., MGP22, the polypeptide set forth by SEQ ID NO:251), which exhibits 83.23% sequence identity to LGB5 have the same beneficial effect in a plant (e.g., capable of increasing the same plant trait(s)) such as increasing biomass (e.g., dry weight and fresh weight), nitrogen use efficiency (e.g., as is shown by the increase in root area and root coverage), growth rate (e.g., as is demonstrated by the increase in the relative growth rate of root coverage, leaf area and root length) of a plant as compared to control plant(s) grown under the same growth conditions.

One option to identify orthologues in monocot plant species is by performing a reciprocal blast search. This may be done by a first blast involving blasting the sequence-of-interest against any sequence database, such as the publicly available NCBI database which may be found at: ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov. If orthologues in rice were sought, the sequence-of-interest would be blasted against, for example, the 28,469 full-length cDNA clones from Oryza sativa Nipponbare available at NCBI. The blast results may be filtered. The full-length sequences of either the filtered results or the non-filtered results are then blasted back (second blast) against the sequences of the organism from which the sequence-of-interest is derived. The results of the first and second blasts are then compared. An orthologue is identified when the sequence resulting in the highest score (best hit) in the first blast identifies in the second blast the query sequence (the original sequence-of-interest) as the best hit. Using the same rational a paralogue (homolog to a gene in the same organism) is found. In case of large sequence families, the ClustalW program may be used [ebi (dot) ac (dot) uk/Tools/clustalw2/index (dot) html], followed by a neighbor-joining tree (wikipedia (dot) org/wiki/Neighbor-joining) which helps visualizing the clustering.

Homology (e.g., percent homology, sequence identity+sequence similarity) can be determined using any homology comparison software computing a pairwise sequence alignment.

As used herein, “sequence identity” or “identity” in the context of two nucleic acid or polypeptide sequences includes reference to the residues in the two sequences which are the same when aligned. When percentage of sequence identity is used in reference to proteins it is recognized that residue positions which are not identical often differ by conservative amino acid substitutions, where amino acid residues are substituted for other amino acid residues with similar chemical properties (e.g. charge or hydrophobicity) and therefore do not change the functional properties of the molecule. Where sequences differ in conservative substitutions, the percent sequence identity may be adjusted upwards to correct for the conservative nature of the substitution. Sequences which differ by such conservative substitutions are considered to have “sequence similarity” or “similarity”. Means for making this adjustment are well-known to those of skill in the art. Typically this involves scoring a conservative substitution as a partial rather than a full mismatch, thereby increasing the percentage sequence identity. Thus, for example, where an identical amino acid is given a score of 1 and a non-conservative substitution is given a score of zero, a conservative substitution is given a score between zero and 1. The scoring of conservative substitutions is calculated, e.g., according to the algorithm of Henikoff S and Henikoff J G. [Amino acid substitution matrices from protein blocks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1992, 89(22): 10915-9].

Identity (e.g., percent homology) can be determined using any homology comparison software, including for example, the BlastN software of the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) such as by using default parameters.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the identity is a global identity, i.e., an identity over the entire amino acid or nucleic acid sequences of the invention and not over portions thereof.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the term “homology” or “homologous” refers to identity of two or more nucleic acid sequences; or identity of two or more amino acid sequences; or the identity of an amino acid sequence to one or more nucleic acid sequence.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the homology is a global homology, i.e., an homology over the entire amino acid or nucleic acid sequences of the invention and not over portions thereof.

The degree of homology or identity between two or more sequences can be determined using various known sequence comparison tools. Following is a non-limiting description of such tools which can be used along with some embodiments of the invention.

Pairwise global alignment was defined by S. B. Needleman and C. D. Wunsch, “A general method applicable to the search of similarities in the amino acid sequence of two proteins” Journal of Molecular Biology, 1970, pages 443-53, volume 48).

For example, when starting from a polypeptide sequence and comparing to other polypeptide sequences, the EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm (available from emboss(dot)sourceforge(dot)net/apps/cvs/emboss/apps/needle(dot)html) can be used to find the optimum alignment (including gaps) of two sequences along their entire length—a “Global alignment”. Default parameters for Needleman-Wunsch algorithm (EMBOSS-6.0.1) include: gapopen=10; gapextend=0.5; datafile=EBLOSUM62; brief=YES.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the parameters used with the EMBOSS-6.0.1 tool (for protein-protein comparison) include: gapopen=8; gapextend=2; datafile=EBLOSUM62; brief=YES.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the threshold used to determine homology using the EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm is 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%.

When starting from a polypeptide sequence and comparing to polynucleotide sequences, the OneModel FramePlus algorithm [Halperin, E., Faigler, S. and Gill-More, R. (1999)—FramePlus: aligning DNA to protein sequences. Bioinformatics, 15, 867-873) (available from biocceleration(dot)com/Products(dot)html] can be used with following default parameters: model=frame+_p2n.model mode=local.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the parameters used with the OneModel FramePlus algorithm are model=frame+_p2n.model, mode=qglobal.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the threshold used to determine homology using the OneModel FramePlus algorithm is 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%.

When starting with a polynucleotide sequence and comparing to other polynucleotide sequences the EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm (available from emboss(dot)sourceforge(dot)net/apps/cvs/emboss/apps/needle(dot)html) can be used with the following default parameters: (EMBOSS-6.0.1) gapopen=10; gapextend=0.5; datafile=EDNAFULL; brief=YES.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the parameters used with the EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm are gapopen=10; gapextend=0.2; datafile=EDNAFULL; brief=YES.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the threshold used to determine homology using the EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm for comparison of polynucleotides with polynucleotides is 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%.

According to some embodiment, determination of the degree of homology further requires employing the Smith-Waterman algorithm (for protein-protein comparison or nucleotide-nucleotide comparison).

Default parameters for GenCore 6.0 Smith-Waterman algorithm include: model=sw.model.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the threshold used to determine homology using the Smith-Waterman algorithm is 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the global homology is performed on sequences which are pre-selected by local homology to the polypeptide or polynucleotide of interest (e.g., 60% identity over 60% of the sequence length), prior to performing the global homology to the polypeptide or polynucleotide of interest (e.g., 80% global homology on the entire sequence). For example, homologous sequences are selected using the BLAST software with the Blastp and tBlastn algorithms as filters for the first stage, and the needle (EMBOSS package) or Frame+ algorithm alignment for the second stage. Local identity (Blast alignments) is defined with a very permissive cutoff—60% Identity on a span of 60% of the sequences lengths because it is used only as a filter for the global alignment stage. In this specific embodiment (when the local identity is used), the default filtering of the Blast package is not utilized (by setting the parameter “-F F”).

In the second stage, homologs are defined based on a global identity of at least 80% to the core gene polypeptide sequence.

According to some embodiments of the invention, two distinct forms for finding the optimal global alignment for protein or nucleotide sequences are used:

1. Between two proteins (following the blastp filter):

EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm with the following modified parameters: gapopen=8 gapextend=2. The rest of the parameters are unchanged from the default options listed here:

Standard (Mandatory) Qualifiers:

[-asequence] sequence Sequence filename and optional format, or reference (input USA)

[-bsequence] seqall Sequence(s) filename and optional format, or reference (input USA)

-gapopen float [10.0 for any sequence]. The gap open penalty is the score taken away when a gap is created. The best value depends on the choice of comparison matrix. The default value assumes you are using the EBLOSUM62 matrix for protein sequences, and the EDNAFULL matrix for nucleotide sequences. (Floating point number from 1.0 to 100.0)

-gapextend float [0.5 for any sequence]. The gap extension, penalty is added to the standard gap penalty for each base or residue in the gap. This is how long gaps are penalized. Usually you will expect a few long gaps rather than many short gaps, so the gap extension penalty should be lower than the gap penalty. An exception is where one or both sequences are single reads with possible sequencing errors in which case you would expect many single base gaps. You can get this result by setting the gap open penalty to zero (or very low) and using the gap extension penalty to control gap scoring. (Floating point number from 0.0 to 10.0)

[-outfile] align [*.needle] Output alignment file name

Additional (Optional) Qualifiers:

-datafile matrixf [EBLOSUM62 for protein, EDNAFULL for DNA]. This is the scoring matrix file used when comparing sequences. By default it is the file ‘EBLOSUM62’ (for proteins) or the file ‘EDNAFULL’ (for nucleic sequences). These files are found in the ‘data’ directory of the EMBOSS installation.

Advanced (Unprompted) Qualifiers:

-[no]brief boolean [Y] Brief identity and similarity

Associated Qualifiers:

“-asequence” associated qualifiers

-sbegin1 integer Start of the sequence to be used

-send1 integer End of the sequence to be used

-sreverse1 boolean Reverse (if DNA)

-sask1 boolean Ask for begin/end/reverse

-snucleotide1 boolean Sequence is nucleotide

-sprotein1 boolean Sequence is protein

-slower1 boolean Make lower case

-supper1 boolean Make upper case

-sformat1 string Input sequence format

-sdbname1 string Database name

-sid1 string Entryname

-ufo1 string UFO features

-fformat1 string Features format

-fopenfile1 string Features file name

“-bsequence” associated qualifiers

-sbegin2 integer Start of each sequence to be used

-send2 integer End of each sequence to be used

-sreverse2 boolean Reverse (if DNA)

-sask2 boolean Ask for begin/end/reverse

-snucleotide2 boolean Sequence is nucleotide

-sprotein2 boolean Sequence is protein

-slower2 boolean Make lower case

-supper2 boolean Make upper case

-sformat2 string Input sequence format

-sdbname2 string Database name

-sid2 string Entryname

-ufo2 string UFO features

-fformat2 string Features format

-fopenfile2 string Features file name

“-outfile” associated qualifiers

-aformat3 string Alignment format

-aextension3 string File name extension

-adirectory3 string Output directory

-aname3 string Base file name

-awidth3 integer Alignment width

-aaccshow3 boolean Show accession number in the header

-adesshow3 boolean Show description in the header

-ausashow3 boolean Show the full USA in the alignment

-aglobal3 boolean Show the full sequence in alignment

General Qualifiers:

-auto boolean Turn off prompts

-stdout boolean Write first file to standard output

-filter boolean Read first file from standard input, write first file to standard output

-options boolean Prompt for standard and additional values

-debug boolean Write debug output to program.dbg

-verbose boolean Report some/full command line options

-help boolean Report command line options. More information on associated and general qualifiers can be found with -help -verbose

-warning boolean Report warnings

-error boolean Report errors

-fatal boolean Report fatal errors

-die boolean Report dying program messages

2. Between a protein sequence and a nucleotide sequence (following the tblastn filter): GenCore 6.0 OneModel application utilizing the Frame+ algorithm with the following parameters: model=frame+_p2n.model mode=qglobal -q=protein.sequence -db=nucleotide.sequence. The rest of the parameters are unchanged from the default options:

Usage:

om -model=<model_fname> [-q=]query [-db=]database [options] -model=<model_fname> Specifies the model that you want to run. All models supplied by Compugen are located in the directory $CGNROOT/models/.

Valid command line parameters:

-dev=<dev_name> Selects the device to be used by the application.

Valid devices are:

-   -   bic—Bioccelerator (valid for SW, XSW, FRAME_N2P, and FRAME_P2N         models).     -   xlg—BioXL/G (valid for all models except XSW).     -   xlp—BioXL/P (valid for SW, FRAME+_N2P, and FRAME_P2N models).     -   xlh—BioXL/H (valid for SW, FRAME+_N2P, and FRAME_P2N models).     -   soft—Software device (for all models).

-q=<query> Defines the query set. The query can be a sequence file or a database reference. You can specify a query by its name or by accession number. The format is detected automatically. However, you may specify a format using the -qfmt parameter. If you do not specify a query, the program prompts for one. If the query set is a database reference, an output file is produced for each sequence in the query.

-db=<database name> Chooses the database set. The database set can be a sequence file or a database reference. The database format is detected automatically. However, you may specify a format using -dfmt parameter.

-qacc Add this parameter to the command line if you specify query using accession numbers.

-dacc Add this parameter to the command line if you specify a database using accession numbers.

-dfmt/-qfmt=<format_type> Chooses the database/query format type. Possible formats are:

-   -   fasta—fasta with seq type auto-detected.     -   fastap—fasta protein seq.     -   fastan—fasta nucleic seq.     -   gcg—gcg format, type is auto-detected.     -   gcg9seq—gcg9 format, type is auto-detected.     -   gcg9seqp—gcg9 format protein seq.     -   gcg9seqn—gcg9 format nucleic seq.     -   nbrf—nbrf seq, type is auto-detected.     -   nbrfp—nbrf protein seq.     -   nbrfn—nbrf nucleic seq.     -   embl—embl and swissprot format.     -   genbank—genbank format (nucleic).     -   blast—blast format.     -   nbrf_gcg—nbrf-gcg seq, type is auto-detected.     -   nbrf_gcgp—nbrf-gcg protein seq.     -   nbrf_gcgn—nbrf-gcg nucleic seq.     -   raw—raw ascii sequence, type is auto-detected.     -   rawp—raw ascii protein sequence.     -   rawn—raw ascii nucleic sequence.     -   pir—pir codata format, type is auto-detected.     -   profile—gcg profile (valid only for -qfmt     -   in SW, XSW, FRAME_P2N, and FRAME+_P2N).

-out=<out_fname> The name of the output file.

-suffix=<name> The output file name suffix.

-gapop=<n> Gap open penalty. This parameter is not valid for FRAME+. For FrameSearch the default is 12.0. For other searches the default is 10.0.

-gapext=<n> Gap extend penalty. This parameter is not valid for FRAME+. For FrameSearch the default is 4.0. For other models: the default for protein searches is 0.05, and the default for nucleic searches is 1.0.

-qgapop=<n> The penalty for opening a gap in the query sequence. The default is 10.0. Valid for XSW.

-qgapext=<n> The penalty for extending a gap in the query sequence. The default is 0.05. Valid for XSW.

-start=<n> The position in the query sequence to begin the search.

-end=<n> The position in the query sequence to stop the search.

-qtrans Performs a translated search, relevant for a nucleic query against a protein database. The nucleic query is translated to six reading frames and a result is given for each frame.

Valid for SW and XSW.

-dtrans Performs a translated search, relevant for a protein query against a DNA database. Each database entry is translated to six reading frames and a result is given for each frame.

Valid for SW and XSW.

Note: “-qtrans” and “-dtrans” options are mutually exclusive.

-matrix=<matrix_file> Specifies the comparison matrix to be used in the search. The matrix must be in the BLAST format. If the matrix file is not located in $CGNROOT/tables/matrix, specify the full path as the value of the -matrix parameter.

-trans=<transtab_name> Translation table. The default location for the table is $CGNROOT/tables/trans.

-onestrand Restricts the search to just the top strand of the query/database nucleic sequence.

-list=<n> The maximum size of the output hit list. The default is 50.

-docalign=<n> The number of documentation lines preceding each alignment. The default is 10.

-thr_score=<score_name> The score that places limits on the display of results. Scores that are smaller than -thr_min value or larger than -thr_max value are not shown. Valid options are: quality.

-   -   zscore.     -   escore.

-thr_max=<n> The score upper threshold. Results that are larger than -thr_max value are not shown.

-thr_min=<n> The score lower threshold. Results that are lower than -thr_min value are not shown.

-align=<n> The number of alignments reported in the output file.

-noalign Do not display alignment.

Note: “-align” and “-noalign” parameters are mutually exclusive.

-outfmt=<format_name> Specifies the output format type. The default format is PFS.

Possible values are:

-   -   PFS—PFS text format     -   FASTA—FASTA text format     -   BLAST—BLAST text format

-nonorm Do not perform score normalization.

-norm=<norm_name> Specifies the normalization method. Valid options are:

-   -   log—logarithm normalization.     -   std—standard normalization.     -   stat—Pearson statistical method.

Note: “-nonorm” and “-norm” parameters cannot be used together.

Note: Parameters -xgapop, -xgapext, -fgapop, -fgapext, -ygapop, -ygapext, -delop, and -delext apply only to FRAME+.

-xgapop=<n> The penalty for opening a gap when inserting a codon (triplet). The default is 12.0.

-xgapext=<n> The penalty for extending a gap when inserting a codon (triplet). The default is 4.0.

-ygapop=<n> The penalty for opening a gap when deleting an amino acid. The default is 12.0.

-ygapext=<n> The penalty for extending a gap when deleting an amino acid. The default is 4.0.

-fgapop=<n> The penalty for opening a gap when inserting a DNA base. The default is 6.0.

-fgapext=<n> The penalty for extending a gap when inserting a DNA base. The default is 7.0.

-delop=<n> The penalty for opening a gap when deleting a DNA base. The default is 6.0.

-delext=<n> The penalty for extending a gap when deleting a DNA base. The default is 7.0.

-silent No screen output is produced.

-host=<host_name> The name of the host on which the server runs. By default, the application uses the host specified in the file $CGNROOT/cgnhosts.

-wait Do not go to the background when the device is busy. This option is not relevant for the Parseq or Soft pseudo device.

-batch Run the job in the background. When this option is specified, the file “$CGNROOT/defaults/batch.defaults” is used for choosing the batch command. If this file does not exist, the command “at now” is used to run the job.

Note:“-batch” and “-wait” parameters are mutually exclusive.

-version Prints the software version number.

-help Displays this help message. To get more specific help type:

-   -   “om -model=<model_fname> -help”.

According to some embodiments the homology is a local homology or a local identity.

Local alignments tools include, but are not limited to the BlastP, BlastN, BlastX or TBLASTN software of the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI), FASTA, and the Smith-Waterman algorithm.

A tblastn search allows the comparison between a protein sequence to the six-frame translations of a nucleotide database. It can be a very productive way of finding homologous protein coding regions in unannotated nucleotide sequences such as expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and draft genome records (HTG), located in the BLAST databases est and htgs, respectively.

Default parameters for blastp include: Max target sequences: 100; Expected threshold: e⁻⁵; Word size: 3; Max matches in a query range: 0; Scoring parameters: Matrix—BLOSUM62; filters and masking: Filter—low complexity regions.

Local alignments tools, which can be used include, but are not limited to, the tBLASTX algorithm, which compares the six-frame conceptual translation products of a nucleotide query sequence (both strands) against a protein sequence database. Default parameters include: Max target sequences: 100; Expected threshold: 10; Word size: 3; Max matches in a query range: 0; Scoring parameters: Matrix—BLOSUM62; filters and masking: Filter—low complexity regions.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide of the invention encodes a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% identical to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide of the invention encodes a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the method of increasing yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of a plant, is effected by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% identical to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589, thereby increasing the yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of the plant.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide encodes a polypeptide consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth by SEQ ID NO: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, 6503-6588 or 6589.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, the method of increasing yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of a plant, is effected by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589, thereby increasing the yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of the plant.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a method of increasing yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589, thereby increasing the yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of the plant.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide encodes a polypeptide consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth by SEQ ID NO: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide comprises a nucleic acid sequence which is at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a method of increasing yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650, thereby increasing the yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of the plant.

According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide is at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650.

According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650.

According to some embodiments of the invention the method of increasing yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant further comprising selecting a plant having an increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.

It should be noted that selecting a transformed plant having an increased trait as compared to a native (or non-transformed) plant grown under the same growth conditions can be performed by selecting for the trait, e.g., validating the ability of the transformed plant to exhibit the increased trait using well known assays (e.g., seedling analyses, greenhouse assays, field experiments) as is further described herein below.

According to some embodiments of the invention selecting is performed under non-stress conditions.

According to some embodiments of the invention selecting is performed under abiotic stress conditions.

According to some embodiments of the invention selecting is performed under nitrogen limiting (e.g., nitrogen deficient) conditions.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a method of selecting a transformed plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, the method comprising:

(a) providing plants transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% homologous (e.g., having sequence similarity or sequence identity) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589,

(b) selecting from the plants of step (a) a plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance (e.g., by selecting the plants for the increased trait),

thereby selecting the plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a method of selecting a transformed plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, the method comprising:

(a) providing plants transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650,

(b) selecting from the plants of step (a) a plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance,

thereby selecting the plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.

As used herein the term “polynucleotide” refers to a single or double stranded nucleic acid sequence which is isolated and provided in the form of an RNA sequence, a complementary polynucleotide sequence (cDNA), a genomic polynucleotide sequence and/or a composite polynucleotide sequences (e.g., a combination of the above).

The term “isolated” refers to at least partially separated from the natural environment e.g., from a plant cell.

As used herein the phrase “complementary polynucleotide sequence” refers to a sequence, which results from reverse transcription of messenger RNA using a reverse transcriptase or any other RNA dependent DNA polymerase. Such a sequence can be subsequently amplified in vivo or in vitro using a DNA dependent DNA polymerase.

As used herein the phrase “genomic polynucleotide sequence” refers to a sequence derived (isolated) from a chromosome and thus it represents a contiguous portion of a chromosome.

As used herein the phrase “composite polynucleotide sequence” refers to a sequence, which is at least partially complementary and at least partially genomic. A composite sequence can include some exonal sequences required to encode the polypeptide of the present invention, as well as some intronic sequences interposing therebetween. The intronic sequences can be of any source, including of other genes, and typically will include conserved splicing signal sequences. Such intronic sequences may further include cis acting expression regulatory elements.

Nucleic acid sequences encoding the polypeptides of the present invention may be optimized for expression. Examples of such sequence modifications include, but are not limited to, an altered G/C content to more closely approach that typically found in the plant species of interest, and the removal of codons atypically found in the plant species commonly referred to as codon optimization.

The phrase “codon optimization” refers to the selection of appropriate DNA nucleotides for use within a structural gene or fragment thereof that approaches codon usage within the plant of interest. Therefore, an optimized gene or nucleic acid sequence refers to a gene in which the nucleotide sequence of a native or naturally occurring gene has been modified in order to utilize statistically-preferred or statistically-favored codons within the plant. The nucleotide sequence typically is examined at the DNA level and the coding region optimized for expression in the plant species determined using any suitable procedure, for example as described in Sardana et al. (1996, Plant Cell Reports 15:677-681). In this method, the standard deviation of codon usage, a measure of codon usage bias, may be calculated by first finding the squared proportional deviation of usage of each codon of the native gene relative to that of highly expressed plant genes, followed by a calculation of the average squared deviation. The formula used is: 1 SDCU=n=1 N [(Xn−Yn)/Yn]2/N, where Xn refers to the frequency of usage of codon n in highly expressed plant genes, where Yn to the frequency of usage of codon n in the gene of interest and N refers to the total number of codons in the gene of interest. A Table of codon usage from highly expressed genes of dicotyledonous plants is compiled using the data of Murray et al. (1989, Nuc Acids Res. 17:477-498).

One method of optimizing the nucleic acid sequence in accordance with the preferred codon usage for a particular plant cell type is based on the direct use, without performing any extra statistical calculations, of codon optimization Tables such as those provided on-line at the Codon Usage Database through the NIAS (National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences) DNA bank in Japan (kazusa (dot) or (dot) jp/codon/). The Codon Usage Database contains codon usage tables for a number of different species, with each codon usage Table having been statistically determined based on the data present in Genbank.

By using the above Tables to determine the most preferred or most favored codons for each amino acid in a particular species (for example, rice), a naturally-occurring nucleotide sequence encoding a protein of interest can be codon optimized for that particular plant species. This is effected by replacing codons that may have a low statistical incidence in the particular species genome with corresponding codons, in regard to an amino acid, that are statistically more favored. However, one or more less-favored codons may be selected to delete existing restriction sites, to create new ones at potentially useful junctions (5′ and 3′ ends to add signal peptide or termination cassettes, internal sites that might be used to cut and splice segments together to produce a correct full-length sequence), or to eliminate nucleotide sequences that may negatively effect mRNA stability or expression.

The naturally-occurring encoding nucleotide sequence may already, in advance of any modification, contain a number of codons that correspond to a statistically-favored codon in a particular plant species. Therefore, codon optimization of the native nucleotide sequence may comprise determining which codons, within the native nucleotide sequence, are not statistically-favored with regards to a particular plant, and modifying these codons in accordance with a codon usage table of the particular plant to produce a codon optimized derivative. A modified nucleotide sequence may be fully or partially optimized for plant codon usage provided that the protein encoded by the modified nucleotide sequence is produced at a level higher than the protein encoded by the corresponding naturally occurring or native gene. Construction of synthetic genes by altering the codon usage is described in for example PCT Patent Application 93/07278.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide is a non-coding RNA.

As used herein the phrase ‘non-coding RNA” refers to an RNA molecule which does not encode an amino acid sequence (a polypeptide). Examples of such non-coding RNA molecules include, but are not limited to, an antisense RNA, a pre-miRNA (precursor of a microRNA), or a precursor of a Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA).

Non-limiting examples of non-coding RNA polynucleotides are provided in SEQ ID NOs:377, 397, 1007, 1526, 1555, 1556, 1557, 1561, 1573, 1650, 2120, 2445, 2538, 3233, 3527, and 3588.

Thus, the invention encompasses nucleic acid sequences described hereinabove; fragments thereof, sequences hybridizable therewith, sequences homologous thereto, sequences encoding similar polypeptides with different codon usage, altered sequences characterized by mutations, such as deletion, insertion or substitution of one or more nucleotides, either naturally occurring or man induced, either randomly or in a targeted fashion.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide encodes a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of a naturally occurring plant orthologue of the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of a naturally occurring plant orthologue of the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

The invention provides an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650.

According to some embodiments of the invention the nucleic acid sequence is capable of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield (e.g., seed yield, oil yield), growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant.

According to some embodiments of the invention the isolated polynucleotide comprising the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650.

According to some embodiments of the invention the isolated polynucleotide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650.

The invention provides an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide which comprises an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589.

According to some embodiments of the invention the amino acid sequence is capable of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, seed yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant.

The invention provides an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide which comprises the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a nucleic acid construct comprising the isolated polynucleotide of the invention, and a promoter for directing transcription of the nucleic acid sequence in a host cell.

The invention provides an isolated polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589.

In an exemplary embodiment the polypeptide is not the polypeptide set forth by SEQ ID NO: 217-218, 224, 234, 239, 261, 3676, 4328, 4816-4817, 4819-4820, 4828-4829, 4831-4832, 4834, 4841-4842, 4845, 4849, 4856-4857, 4859-4860, 4863-4864, 4871-4872, 4883, 4885-4887, 4894, 4897-4898, 4903, 4905, 4907-4911, 4914-4917, 4920-4921, 4923, 4925-4928, 4942-4943, 4949, 4953-4954, 4958-4959, 4964-4965, 4967, 4972, 4998, 5051-5052, 5308, 5327, 5341, 5348-5349, 5359-5360, 5398-5400, 5403-5406, 5409, 5430-5432, 5440-5441, 5457, 5462, 5464, 5787, 5789, 5794, 5797, 5801, 5805, 5807-5808, 5819, 5824, 5827-5828, 5833-5834, 5854, 5871, 5874, 5877-5878, 5880, 5891, 5897, 5899, 5908, 5911, 5926-5927, 5931, 5934, 5942, 5944-5945, 5948, 5958, 5965, 5971, 5973, 5992-5993, 5996-5997, 6002, 6006, 6102, 6120, 6155, 6162, 6199, 6244, 6272, or 6502.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the polypeptide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, 6503-6588 or 6589.

The invention also encompasses fragments of the above described polypeptides and polypeptides having mutations, such as deletions, insertions or substitutions of one or more amino acids, either naturally occurring or man induced, either randomly or in a targeted fashion.

The term “plant” as used herein encompasses a whole plant, a grafted plant, ancestor(s) and progeny of the plants and plant parts, including seeds, shoots, stems, roots (including tubers), rootstock, scion, and plant cells, tissues and organs. The plant may be in any form including suspension cultures, embryos, meristematic regions, callus tissue, leaves, gametophytes, sporophytes, pollen, and microspores. Plants that are particularly useful in the methods of the invention include all plants which belong to the superfamily Viridiplantae, in particular monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants including a fodder or forage legume, ornamental plant, food crop, tree, or shrub selected from the list comprising Acacia spp., Acer spp., Actinidia spp., Aesculus spp., Agathis australis, Albizia amara, Alsophila tricolor, Andropogon spp., Arachis spp, Areca catechu, Astelia fragrans, Astragalus cicer, Baikiaea plurijuga, Betula spp., Brassica spp., Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Burkea africana, Butea frondosa, Cadaba farinosa, Calliandra spp, Camellia sinensis, Canna indica, Capsicum spp., Cassia spp., Centroema pubescens, Chacoomeles spp., Cinnamomum cassia, Coffea arabica, Colophospermum mopane, Coronillia varia, Cotoneaster serotina, Crataegus spp., Cucumis spp., Cupressus spp., Cyathea dealbata, Cydonia oblonga, Cryptomeria japonica, Cymbopogon spp., Cynthea dealbata, Cydonia oblonga, Dalbergia monetaria, Davallia divaricata, Desmodium spp., Dicksonia squarosa, Dibeteropogon amplectens, Dioclea spp, Dolichos spp., Dorycnium rectum, Echinochloa pyramidalis, Ehraffia spp., Eleusine coracana, Eragrestis spp., Erythrina spp., Eucalypfus spp., Euclea schimperi, Eulalia vi/losa, Pagopyrum spp., Feijoa sellowlana, Fragaria spp., Flemingia spp, Freycinetia banksli, Geranium thunbergii, GinAgo biloba, Glycine javanica, Gliricidia spp, Gossypium hirsutum, Grevillea spp., Guibourtia coleosperma, Hedysarum spp., Hemaffhia altissima, Heteropogon contoffus, Hordeum vulgare, Hyparrhenia rufa, Hypericum erectum, Hypeffhelia dissolute, Indigo incamata, Iris spp., Leptarrhena pyrolifolia, Lespediza spp., Lettuca spp., Leucaena leucocephala, Loudetia simplex, Lotonus bainesli, Lotus spp., Macrotyloma axillare, Malus spp., Manihot esculenta, Medicago saliva, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Musa sapientum, Nicotianum spp., Onobrychis spp., Ornithopus spp., Oryza spp., Peltophorum africanum, Pennisetum spp., Persea gratissima, Petunia spp., Phaseolus spp., Phoenix canariensis, Phormium cookianum, Photinia spp., Picea glauca, Pinus spp., Pisum sativam, Podocarpus totara, Pogonarthria fleckii, Pogonaffhria squarrosa, Populus spp., Prosopis cineraria, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pterolobium stellatum, Pyrus communis, Quercus spp., Rhaphiolepsis umbellata, Rhopalostylis sapida, Rhus natalensis, Ribes grossularia, Ribes spp., Robinia pseudoacacia, Rosa spp., Rubus spp., Salix spp., Schyzachyrium sanguineum, Sciadopitys vefficillata, Sequoia sempervirens, Sequoiadendron giganteum, Sorghum bicolor, Spinacia spp., Sporobolus fimbriatus, Stiburus alopecuroides, Stylosanthos humilis, Tadehagi spp, Taxodium distichum, Themeda triandra, Trifolium spp., Triticum spp., Tsuga heterophylla, Vaccinium spp., Vicia spp., Vitis vinifera, Watsonia pyramidata, Zantedeschia aethiopica, Zea mays, amaranth, artichoke, asparagus, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, canola, carrot, cauliflower, celery, collard greens, flax, kale, lentil, oilseed rape, okra, onion, potato, rice, soybean, straw, sugar beet, sugar cane, sunflower, tomato, squash tea, maize, wheat, barley, rye, oat, peanut, pea, lentil and alfalfa, cotton, rapeseed, canola, pepper, sunflower, tobacco, eggplant, eucalyptus, a tree, an ornamental plant, a perennial grass and a forage crop. Alternatively algae and other non-Viridiplantae can be used for the methods of the present invention.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant used by the method of the invention is a crop plant such as rice, maize, wheat, barley, peanut, potato, sesame, olive tree, palm oil, banana, soybean, sunflower, canola, sugarcane, alfalfa, millet, leguminosae (bean, pea), flax, lupinus, rapeseed, tobacco, poplar and cotton.

According to some embodiments of the invention the plant is a dicotyledonous plant.

According to some embodiments of the invention the plant is a monocotyledonous plant.

According to some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a plant cell exogenously expressing the polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention and/or the polypeptide of some embodiments of the invention.

According to some embodiments of the invention, expressing the exogenous polynucleotide of the invention within the plant is effected by transforming one or more cells of the plant with the exogenous polynucleotide, followed by generating a mature plant from the transformed cells and cultivating the mature plant under conditions suitable for expressing the exogenous polynucleotide within the mature plant.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the transformation is effected by introducing to the plant cell a nucleic acid construct which includes the exogenous polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention and at least one promoter for directing transcription of the exogenous polynucleotide in a host cell (a plant cell). Further details of suitable transformation approaches are provided hereinbelow.

As mentioned, the nucleic acid construct according to some embodiments of the invention comprises a promoter sequence and the isolated polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the isolated polynucleotide is operably linked to the promoter sequence.

A coding nucleic acid sequence is “operably linked” to a regulatory sequence (e.g., promoter) if the regulatory sequence is capable of exerting a regulatory effect on the coding sequence linked thereto.

As used herein, the term “promoter” refers to a region of DNA which lies upstream of the transcriptional initiation site of a gene to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription of RNA. The promoter controls where (e.g., which portion of a plant) and/or when (e.g., at which stage or condition in the lifetime of an organism) the gene is expressed.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the promoter is heterologous to the isolated polynucleotide and/or to the host cell.

As used herein the phrase “heterologous promoter” refers to a promoter from a different species or from the same species but from a different gene locus as of the isolated polynucleotide sequence.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the isolated polynucleotide is heterologous to the plant cell (e.g., the polynucleotide is derived from a different plant species when compared to the plant cell, thus the isolated polynucleotide and the plant cell are not from the same plant species).

Any suitable promoter sequence can be used by the nucleic acid construct of the present invention. Preferably the promoter is a constitutive promoter, a tissue-specific, or an abiotic stress-inducible promoter.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the promoter is a plant promoter, which is suitable for expression of the exogenous polynucleotide in a plant cell.

Suitable promoters for expression in wheat include, but are not limited to, Wheat SPA promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6590; Albanietal, Plant Cell, 9: 171-184, 1997, which is fully incorporated herein by reference), wheat LMW (SEQ ID NO: 6591 (longer LMW promoter), and SEQ ID NO: 6592 (LMW promoter) and HMW glutenin-1 (SEQ ID NO: 6593 (Wheat HMW glutenin-1 longer promoter); and SEQ ID NO: 6594 (Wheat HMW glutenin-1 Promoter); Thomas and Flavell, The Plant Cell 2:1171-1180; Furtado et al., 2009 Plant Biotechnology Journal 7:240-253, each of which is fully incorporated herein by reference), wheat alpha, beta and gamma gliadins [e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6595 (wheat alpha gliadin, B genome, promoter); SEQ ID NO: 6596 (wheat gamma gliadin promoter); EMBO 3:1409-15, 1984, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], wheat TdPR60 [SEQ ID NO: 6597 (wheat TdPR60 longer promoter) or SEQ ID NO: 6598 (wheat TdPR60 promoter); Kovalchuk et al., Plant Mol Biol 71:81-98, 2009, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], maize Ub1 Promoter [cultivar Nongda 105 (SEQ ID NO: 6599); GenBank: DQ141598.1; Taylor et al., Plant Cell Rep 1993 12: 491-495, which is fully incorporated herein by reference; and cultivar B73 (SEQ ID NO: 6600); Christensen, A H, et al. Plant Mol. Biol. 18 (4), 675-689 (1992), which is fully incorporated herein by reference]; rice actin 1 (SEQ ID NO: 6601; Mc Elroy et al. 1990, The Plant Cell, Vol. 2, 163-171, which is fully incorporated herein by reference), rice GOS2 [SEQ ID NO: 6602 (rice GOS2 longer promoter) and SEQ ID NO: 6603 (rice GOS2 Promoter); De Pater et al. Plant J. 1992; 2: 837-44, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], Arabidopsis Pho1 [SEQ ID NO: 6604 (Arabidopsis Pho1 Promoter); Hamburger et al., Plant Cell. 2002; 14: 889-902, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], ExpansinB promoters, e.g., rice ExpB5 [SEQ ID NO: 6605 (rice ExpB5 longer promoter) and SEQ ID NO: 6606 (rice ExpB5 promoter)] and Barley ExpB1 [SEQ ID NO: 6607 (barley ExpB1 Promoter), Won et al. Mol Cells. 2010; 30:369-76, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], barley SS2 (sucrose synthase 2) [(SEQ ID NO: 6608), Guerin and Carbonero, Plant Physiology May 1997 vol. 114 no. 1 55-62, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], and rice PG5a [SEQ ID NO: 6609, U.S. Pat. No. 7,700,835, Nakase et al., Plant Mol Biol. 32:621-30, 1996, each of which is fully incorporated herein by reference].

Suitable constitutive promoters include, for example, CaMV 35S promoter [SEQ ID NO: 6610 (CaMV 35S (pQXNc) Promoter); SEQ ID NO: 6611 (PJJ 35S from Brachypodium); SEQ ID NO: 6612 (CaMV 35S (OLD) Promoter) (Odell et al., Nature 313:810-812, 1985)], Arabidopsis At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6613 (Arabidopsis At6669 (OLD) Promoter); see PCT Publication No. WO04081173A2 or the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6614 (Arabidopsis At6669 (NEW) Promoter)); maize Ub1 Promoter [cultivar Nongda 105 (SEQ ID NO: 6599); GenBank: DQ141598.1; Taylor et al., Plant Cell Rep 1993 12: 491-495, which is fully incorporated herein by reference; and cultivar B73 (SEQ ID NO: 6600); Christensen, A H, et al. Plant Mol. Biol. 18 (4), 675-689 (1992), which is fully incorporated herein by reference]; rice actin 1 (SEQ ID NO: 6601, McElroy et al., Plant Cell 2:163-171, 1990); pEMU (Last et al., Theor. Appl. Genet. 81:581-588, 1991); CaMV 19S (Nilsson et al., Physiol. Plant 100:456-462, 1997); rice GOS2 [SEQ ID NO: 6602 (rice GOS2 longer Promoter) and SEQ ID NO: 6603 (rice GOS2 Promoter), de Pater et al, Plant J November; 2(6):837-44, 1992]; RBCS promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6615); Rice cyclophilin (Bucholz et al, Plant Mol Biol. 25(5):837-43, 1994); Maize H3 histone (Lepetit et al, Mol. Gen. Genet. 231: 276-285, 1992); Actin 2 (An et al, Plant J. 10(1);107-121, 1996) and Synthetic Super MAS (Ni et al., The Plant Journal 7: 661-76, 1995). Other constitutive promoters include those in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,659,026, 5,608,149; 5,608,144; 5,604,121; 5,569,597: 5,466,785; 5,399,680; 5,268,463; and 5,608,142.

Suitable tissue-specific promoters include, but not limited to, leaf-specific promoters [e.g., AT5G06690 (Thioredoxin) (high expression, SEQ ID NO: 6616), AT5G61520 (AtSTP3) (low expression, SEQ ID NO: 6617) described in Buttner et al 2000 Plant, Cell and Environment 23, 175-184, or the promoters described in Yamamoto et al., Plant J. 12:255-265, 1997; Kwon et al., Plant Physiol. 105:357-67, 1994; Yamamoto et al., Plant Cell Physiol. 35:773-778, 1994; Gotor et al., Plant J. 3:509-18, 1993; Orozco et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 23:1129-1138, 1993; and Matsuoka et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:9586-9590, 1993; as well as Arabidopsis STP3 (AT5G61520) promoter (Buttner et al., Plant, Cell and Environment 23:175-184, 2000)], seed-preferred promoters [e.g., Napin (originated from Brassica napus which is characterized by a seed specific promoter activity; Stuitje A. R. et. al. Plant Biotechnology Journal 1 (4): 301-309; SEQ ID NO: 6618 (Brassica napus NAPIN Promoter) from seed specific genes (Simon, et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 5. 191, 1985; Scofield, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 262: 12202, 1987; Baszczynski, et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 14: 633, 1990), rice PG5a (SEQ ID NO: 6609; U.S. Pat. No. 7,700,835), early seed development Arabidopsis BAN (AT1G61720) (SEQ ID NO: 6619, US 2009/0031450 A1), late seed development Arabidopsis ABI3 (AT3G24650) (SEQ ID NO: 6620 (Arabidopsis ABI3 (AT3G24650) longer Promoter) or 6621 (Arabidopsis ABI3 (AT3G24650) Promoter)) (Ng et al., Plant Molecular Biology 54: 25-38, 2004), Brazil Nut albumin (Pearson' et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 18: 235-245, 1992), legumin (Ellis, et al. Plant Mol. Biol. 10: 203-214, 1988), Glutelin (rice) (Takaiwa, et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 208: 15-22, 1986; Takaiwa, et al., FEBS Letts. 221: 43-47, 1987), Zein (Matzke et al Plant Mol Biol, 143).323-32 1990), napA (Stalberg, et al, Planta 199: 515-519, 1996), Wheat SPA (SEQ ID NO: 6590; Albanietal, Plant Cell, 9: 171-184, 1997), sunflower oleosin (Cummins, et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 19: 873-876, 1992)], endosperm specific promoters [e.g., wheat LMW (SEQ ID NO: 6591 (Wheat LMW Longer Promoter), and SEQ ID NO: 6592 (Wheat LMW Promoter) and HMW glutenin-1 [(SEQ ID NO: 6593 (Wheat HMW glutenin-1 longer Promoter)); and SEQ ID NO: 6594 (Wheat HMW glutenin-1 Promoter), Thomas and Flavell, The Plant Cell 2:1171-1180, 1990; Mol Gen Genet 216:81-90, 1989; NAR 17:461-2), wheat alpha, beta and gamma gliadins (SEQ ID NO: 6595 (wheat alpha gliadin (B genome) promoter); SEQ ID NO: 6596 (wheat gamma gliadin promoter); EMBO 3:1409-15, 1984), Barley ltrl promoter, barley B1, C, D hordein (Theor Appl Gen 98:1253-62, 1999; Plant J 4:343-55, 1993; Mol Gen Genet 250:750-60, 1996), Barley DOF (Mena et al, The Plant Journal, 116(1): 53-62, 1998), Biz2 (EP99106056.7), Barley SS2 (SEQ ID NO: 6608 (Barley SS2 Promoter); Guerin and Carbonero Plant Physiology 114: 1 55-62, 1997), wheat Tarp60 (Kovalchuk et al., Plant Mol Biol 71:81-98, 2009), barley D-hordein (D-Hor) and B-hordein (B-Hor) (Agnelo Furtado, Robert J. Henry and Alessandro Pellegrineschi (2009)], Synthetic promoter (Vicente-Carbajosa et al., Plant J. 13: 629-640, 1998), rice prolamin NRP33, rice-globulin Glb-1 (Wu et al, Plant Cell Physiology 39(8) 885-889, 1998), rice alpha-globulin REB/OHP-1 (Nakase et al. Plant Mol. Biol. 33: 513-S22, 1997), rice ADP-glucose PP (Trans Res 6:157-68, 1997), maize ESR gene family (Plant J 12:235-46, 1997), Sorghum gamma-kafirin (PMB 32:1029-35, 1996)], embryo specific promoters [e.g., rice OSH1 (Sato et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 93: 8117-8122), KNOX (Postma-Haarsma et al, Plant Mol. Biol. 39:257-71, 1999), rice oleosin (Wu et at, J. Biochem., 123:386, 1998)], and flower-specific promoters [e.g., AtPRP4, chalene synthase (chsA) (Van der Meer, et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 15, 95-109, 1990), LAT52 (Twell et al Mol. Gen Genet. 217:240-245; 1989), Arabidopsis apetala-3 (Tilly et al., Development. 125:1647-57, 1998), Arabidopsis APETALA 1 (AT1G69120, AP1) (SEQ ID NO: 6622 (Arabidopsis (AT1G69120) APETALA 1)) (Hempel et al., Development 124:3845-3853, 1997)], and root promoters [e.g., the ROOTP promoter [SEQ ID NO: 6623]; rice ExpB5 (SEQ ID NO: 6606 (rice ExpB5 Promoter); or SEQ ID NO: 6605 (rice ExpB5 longer Promoter)) and barley ExpB1 promoters (SEQ ID NO: 6607) (Won et al. Mol. Cells 30: 369-376, 2010); Arabidopsis ATTPS-CIN (AT3G25820) promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6624; Chen et al., Plant Phys 135:1956-66, 2004); Arabidopsis Pho1 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6604, Hamburger et al., Plant Cell. 14: 889-902, 2002), which is also slightly induced by stress].

Suitable abiotic stress-inducible promoters include, but not limited to, salt-inducible promoters such as RD29A (Yamaguchi-Shinozalei et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 236:331-340, 1993); drought-inducible promoters such as maize rab17 gene promoter (Pla et. al., Plant Mol. Biol. 21:259-266, 1993), maize rab28 gene promoter (Busk et. al., Plant J. 11:1285-1295, 1997) and maize Ivr2 gene promoter (Pelleschi et. al., Plant Mol. Biol. 39:373-380, 1999); heat-inducible promoters such as heat tomato hsp80-promoter from tomato (U.S. Pat. No. 5,187,267).

The nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention can further include an appropriate selectable marker and/or an origin of replication. According to some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid construct utilized is a shuttle vector, which can propagate both in E. coli (wherein the construct comprises an appropriate selectable marker and origin of replication) and be compatible with propagation in cells. The construct according to the present invention can be, for example, a plasmid, a bacmid, a phagemid, a cosmid, a phage, a virus or an artificial chromosome.

The nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention can be utilized to stably or transiently transform plant cells. In stable transformation, the exogenous polynucleotide is integrated into the plant genome and as such it represents a stable and inherited trait. In transient transformation, the exogenous polynucleotide is expressed by the cell transformed but it is not integrated into the genome and as such it represents a transient trait.

There are various methods of introducing foreign genes into both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants (Potrykus, I., Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol., Plant. Mol. Biol. (1991) 42:205-225; Shimamoto et al., Nature (1989) 338:274-276).

The principle methods of causing stable integration of exogenous DNA into plant genomic DNA include two main approaches:

(i) Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer: Klee et al. (1987) Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 38:467-486; Klee and Rogers in Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants, Vol. 6, Molecular Biology of Plant Nuclear Genes, eds. Schell, J., and Vasil, L. K., Academic Publishers, San Diego, Calif. (1989) p. 2-25; Gatenby, in Plant Biotechnology, eds. Kung, S. and Arntzen, C. J., Butterworth Publishers, Boston, Mass. (1989) p. 93-112.

(ii) Direct DNA uptake: Paszkowski et al., in Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants, Vol. 6, Molecular Biology of Plant Nuclear Genes eds. Schell, J., and Vasil, L. K., Academic Publishers, San Diego, Calif. (1989) p. 52-68; including methods for direct uptake of DNA into protoplasts, Toriyama, K. et al. (1988) Bio/Technology 6:1072-1074. DNA uptake induced by brief electric shock of plant cells: Zhang et al. Plant Cell Rep. (1988) 7:379-384. Fromm et al. Nature (1986) 319:791-793. DNA injection into plant cells or tissues by particle bombardment, Klein et al. Bio/Technology (1988) 6:559-563; McCabe et al. Bio/Technology (1988) 6:923-926; Sanford, Physiol. Plant. (1990) 79:206-209; by the use of micropipette systems: Neuhaus et al., Theor. Appl. Genet. (1987) 75:30-36; Neuhaus and Spangenberg, Physiol. Plant. (1990) 79:213-217; glass fibers or silicon carbide whisker transformation of cell cultures, embryos or callus tissue, U.S. Pat. No. 5,464,765 or by the direct incubation of DNA with germinating pollen, DeWet et al. in Experimental Manipulation of Ovule Tissue, eds. Chapman, G. P. and Mantell, S. H. and Daniels, W. Longman, London, (1985) p. 197-209; and Ohta, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1986) 83:715-719.

The Agrobacterium system includes the use of plasmid vectors that contain defined DNA segments that integrate into the plant genomic DNA. Methods of inoculation of the plant tissue vary depending upon the plant species and the Agrobacterium delivery system. A widely used approach is the leaf disc procedure which can be performed with any tissue explant that provides a good source for initiation of whole plant differentiation. See, e.g., Horsch et al. in Plant Molecular Biology Manual A5, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1988) p. 1-9. A supplementary approach employs the Agrobacterium delivery system in combination with vacuum infiltration. The Agrobacterium system is especially viable in the creation of transgenic dicotyledonous plants.

There are various methods of direct DNA transfer into plant cells. In electroporation, the protoplasts are briefly exposed to a strong electric field. In microinjection, the DNA is mechanically injected directly into the cells using very small micropipettes. In microparticle bombardment, the DNA is adsorbed on microprojectiles such as magnesium sulfate crystals or tungsten particles, and the microprojectiles are physically accelerated into cells or plant tissues.

Following stable transformation plant propagation is exercised. The most common method of plant propagation is by seed. Regeneration by seed propagation, however, has the deficiency that due to heterozygosity there is a lack of uniformity in the crop, since seeds are produced by plants according to the genetic variances governed by Mendelian rules. Basically, each seed is genetically different and each will grow with its own specific traits. Therefore, it is preferred that the transformed plant be produced such that the regenerated plant has the identical traits and characteristics of the parent transgenic plant. Therefore, it is preferred that the transformed plant be regenerated by micropropagation which provides a rapid, consistent reproduction of the transformed plants.

Micropropagation is a process of growing new generation plants from a single piece of tissue that has been excised from a selected parent plant or cultivar. This process permits the mass reproduction of plants having the preferred tissue expressing the fusion protein. The new generation plants which are produced are genetically identical to, and have all of the characteristics of, the original plant. Micropropagation allows mass production of quality plant material in a short period of time and offers a rapid multiplication of selected cultivars in the preservation of the characteristics of the original transgenic or transformed plant. The advantages of cloning plants are the speed of plant multiplication and the quality and uniformity of plants produced.

Micropropagation is a multi-stage procedure that requires alteration of culture medium or growth conditions between stages. Thus, the micropropagation process involves four basic stages: Stage one, initial tissue culturing; stage two, tissue culture multiplication; stage three, differentiation and plant formation; and stage four, greenhouse culturing and hardening. During stage one, initial tissue culturing, the tissue culture is established and certified contaminant-free. During stage two, the initial tissue culture is multiplied until a sufficient number of tissue samples are produced from the seedlings to meet production goals. During stage three, the tissue samples grown in stage two are divided and grown into individual plantlets. At stage four, the transformed plantlets are transferred to a greenhouse for hardening where the plants' tolerance to light is gradually increased so that it can be grown in the natural environment.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the transgenic plants are generated by transient transformation of leaf cells, meristematic cells or the whole plant.

Transient transformation can be effected by any of the direct DNA transfer methods described above or by viral infection using modified plant viruses.

Viruses that have been shown to be useful for the transformation of plant hosts include CaMV, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), brome mosaic virus (BMV) and Bean Common Mosaic Virus (BV or BCMV). Transformation of plants using plant viruses is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,855,237 (bean golden mosaic virus; BGV), EP-A 67,553 (TMV), Japanese Published Application No. 63-14693 (TMV), EPA 194,809 (BV), EPA 278,667 (BV); and Gluzman, Y. et al., Communications in Molecular Biology: Viral Vectors, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, pp. 172-189 (1988). Pseudovirus particles for use in expressing foreign DNA in many hosts, including plants are described in WO 87/06261.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the virus used for transient transformations is avirulent and thus is incapable of causing severe symptoms such as reduced growth rate, mosaic, ring spots, leaf roll, yellowing, streaking, pox formation, tumor formation and pitting. A suitable avirulent virus may be a naturally occurring avirulent virus or an artificially attenuated virus. Virus attenuation may be effected by using methods well known in the art including, but not limited to, sub-lethal heating, chemical treatment or by directed mutagenesis techniques such as described, for example, by Kurihara and Watanabe (Molecular Plant Pathology 4:259-269, 2003), Gal-on et al. (1992), Atreya et al. (1992) and Huet et al. (1994).

Suitable virus strains can be obtained from available sources such as, for example, the American Type culture Collection (ATCC) or by isolation from infected plants. Isolation of viruses from infected plant tissues can be effected by techniques well known in the art such as described, for example by Foster and Taylor, Eds. “Plant Virology Protocols: From Virus Isolation to Transgenic Resistance (Methods in Molecular Biology (Humana Pr), Vol 81)”, Humana Press, 1998. Briefly, tissues of an infected plant believed to contain a high concentration of a suitable virus, preferably young leaves and flower petals, are ground in a buffer solution (e.g., phosphate buffer solution) to produce a virus infected sap which can be used in subsequent inoculations.

Construction of plant RNA viruses for the introduction and expression of non-viral exogenous polynucleotide sequences in plants is demonstrated by the above references as well as by Dawson, W. O. et al., Virology (1989) 172:285-292; Takamatsu et al. EMBO J. (1987) 6:307-311; French et al. Science (1986) 231:1294-1297; Takamatsu et al. FEBS Letters (1990) 269:73-76; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,316,931.

When the virus is a DNA virus, suitable modifications can be made to the virus itself. Alternatively, the virus can first be cloned into a bacterial plasmid for ease of constructing the desired viral vector with the foreign DNA. The virus can then be excised from the plasmid. If the virus is a DNA virus, a bacterial origin of replication can be attached to the viral DNA, which is then replicated by the bacteria. Transcription and translation of this DNA will produce the coat protein which will encapsidate the viral DNA. If the virus is an RNA virus, the virus is generally cloned as a cDNA and inserted into a plasmid. The plasmid is then used to make all of the constructions. The RNA virus is then produced by transcribing the viral sequence of the plasmid and translation of the viral genes to produce the coat protein(s) which encapsidate the viral RNA.

In one embodiment, a plant viral polynucleotide is provided in which the native coat protein coding sequence has been deleted from a viral polynucleotide, a non-native plant viral coat protein coding sequence and a non-native promoter, preferably the subgenomic promoter of the non-native coat protein coding sequence, capable of expression in the plant host, packaging of the recombinant plant viral polynucleotide, and ensuring a systemic infection of the host by the recombinant plant viral polynucleotide, has been inserted. Alternatively, the coat protein gene may be inactivated by insertion of the non-native polynucleotide sequence within it, such that a protein is produced. The recombinant plant viral polynucleotide may contain one or more additional non-native subgenomic promoters. Each non-native subgenomic promoter is capable of transcribing or expressing adjacent genes or polynucleotide sequences in the plant host and incapable of recombination with each other and with native subgenomic promoters. Non-native (foreign) polynucleotide sequences may be inserted adjacent the native plant viral subgenomic promoter or the native and a non-native plant viral subgenomic promoters if more than one polynucleotide sequence is included. The non-native polynucleotide sequences are transcribed or expressed in the host plant under control of the subgenomic promoter to produce the desired products.

In a second embodiment, a recombinant plant viral polynucleotide is provided as in the first embodiment except that the native coat protein coding sequence is placed adjacent one of the non-native coat protein subgenomic promoters instead of a non-native coat protein coding sequence.

In a third embodiment, a recombinant plant viral polynucleotide is provided in which the native coat protein gene is adjacent its subgenomic promoter and one or more non-native subgenomic promoters have been inserted into the viral polynucleotide. The inserted non-native subgenomic promoters are capable of transcribing or expressing adjacent genes in a plant host and are incapable of recombination with each other and with native subgenomic promoters. Non-native polynucleotide sequences may be inserted adjacent the non-native subgenomic plant viral promoters such that the sequences are transcribed or expressed in the host plant under control of the subgenomic promoters to produce the desired product.

In a fourth embodiment, a recombinant plant viral polynucleotide is provided as in the third embodiment except that the native coat protein coding sequence is replaced by a non-native coat protein coding sequence.

The viral vectors are encapsidated by the coat proteins encoded by the recombinant plant viral polynucleotide to produce a recombinant plant virus. The recombinant plant viral polynucleotide or recombinant plant virus is used to infect appropriate host plants. The recombinant plant viral polynucleotide is capable of replication in the host, systemic spread in the host, and transcription or expression of foreign gene(s) (exogenous polynucleotide) in the host to produce the desired protein.

Techniques for inoculation of viruses to plants may be found in Foster and Taylor, eds. “Plant Virology Protocols: From Virus Isolation to Transgenic Resistance (Methods in Molecular Biology (Humana Pr), Vol 81)”, Humana Press, 1998; Maramorosh and Koprowski, eds. “Methods in Virology” 7 vols, Academic Press, New York 1967-1984; Hill, S. A. “Methods in Plant Virology”, Blackwell, Oxford, 1984; Walkey, D. G. A. “Applied Plant Virology”, Wiley, New York, 1985; and Kado and Agrawa, eds. “Principles and Techniques in Plant Virology”, Van Nostrand-Reinhold, New York.

In addition to the above, the polynucleotide of the present invention can also be introduced into a chloroplast genome thereby enabling chloroplast expression.

A technique for introducing exogenous polynucleotide sequences to the genome of the chloroplasts is known. This technique involves the following procedures. First, plant cells are chemically treated so as to reduce the number of chloroplasts per cell to about one. Then, the exogenous polynucleotide is introduced via particle bombardment into the cells with the aim of introducing at least one exogenous polynucleotide molecule into the chloroplasts. The exogenous polynucleotides selected such that it is integratable into the chloroplast's genome via homologous recombination which is readily effected by enzymes inherent to the chloroplast. To this end, the exogenous polynucleotide includes, in addition to a gene of interest, at least one polynucleotide stretch which is derived from the chloroplast's genome. In addition, the exogenous polynucleotide includes a selectable marker, which serves by sequential selection procedures to ascertain that all or substantially all of the copies of the chloroplast genomes following such selection will include the exogenous polynucleotide. Further details relating to this technique are found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,945,050; and 5,693,507 which are incorporated herein by reference. A polypeptide can thus be produced by the protein expression system of the chloroplast and become integrated into the chloroplast's inner membrane.

According to some embodiments, there is provided a method of improving nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, oil yield, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance (XX to update trait) of a grafted plant, the method comprising providing a scion that does not transgenically express a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589 and a plant rootstock that transgenically expresses a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% homologous (or identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589 (e.g., in a constitutive, tissue specific or inducible, e.g., in an abiotic stress responsive manner), thereby improving the nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the grafted plant.

In some embodiments, the plant scion is non-transgenic.

Several embodiments relate to a grafted plant exhibiting improved nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance, comprising a scion that does not transgenically express a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589, and a plant rootstock that transgenically expresses a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% homologous (or identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589.

In some embodiments, the plant root stock transgenically expresses a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% homologous (or identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589 in a stress responsive manner.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant root stock transgenically expresses a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant root stock transgenically expresses a polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant root stock transgenically expresses a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650.

Since processes which increase nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, oil content, yield, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, growth rate, biomass, vigor and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant can involve multiple genes acting additively or in synergy (see, for example, in Quesda et al., Plant Physiol. 130:951-063, 2002), the present invention also envisages expressing a plurality of exogenous polynucleotides in a single host plant to thereby achieve superior effect on nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, oil content, yield, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, growth rate, biomass, vigor and/or abiotic stress tolerance.

Expressing a plurality of exogenous polynucleotides in a single host plant can be effected by co-introducing multiple nucleic acid constructs, each including a different exogenous polynucleotide, into a single plant cell. The transformed cell can then be regenerated into a mature plant using the methods described hereinabove.

Alternatively, expressing a plurality of exogenous polynucleotides in a single host plant can be effected by co-introducing into a single plant-cell a single nucleic-acid construct including a plurality of different exogenous polynucleotides. Such a construct can be designed with a single promoter sequence which can transcribe a polycistronic messenger RNA including all the different exogenous polynucleotide sequences. To enable co-translation of the different polypeptides encoded by the polycistronic messenger RNA, the polynucleotide sequences can be inter-linked via an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) sequence which facilitates translation of polynucleotide sequences positioned downstream of the IRES sequence. In this case, a transcribed polycistronic RNA molecule encoding the different polypeptides described above will be translated from both the capped 5′ end and the two internal IRES sequences of the polycistronic RNA molecule to thereby produce in the cell all different polypeptides. Alternatively, the construct can include several promoter sequences each linked to a different exogenous polynucleotide sequence.

The plant cell transformed with the construct including a plurality of different exogenous polynucleotides, can be regenerated into a mature plant, using the methods described hereinabove.

Alternatively, expressing a plurality of exogenous polynucleotides in a single host plant can be effected by introducing different nucleic acid constructs, including different exogenous polynucleotides, into a plurality of plants. The regenerated transformed plants can then be cross-bred and resultant progeny selected for superior abiotic stress tolerance, water use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, growth, biomass, yield and/or vigor traits, using conventional plant breeding techniques.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprising growing the plant expressing the exogenous polynucleotide under the abiotic stress.

Non-limiting examples of abiotic stress conditions include, salinity, osmotic stress, drought, water deprivation, excess of water (e.g., flood, waterlogging), etiolation, low temperature (e.g., cold stress), high temperature, heavy metal toxicity, anaerobiosis, nutrient deficiency (e.g., nitrogen deficiency or nitrogen limitation), nutrient excess, atmospheric pollution and UV irradiation.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprising growing the plant expressing the exogenous polynucleotide under fertilizer limiting conditions (e.g., nitrogen-limiting conditions). Non-limiting examples include growing the plant on soils with low nitrogen content (40-50% Nitrogen of the content present under normal or optimal conditions), or even under sever nitrogen deficiency (0-10% Nitrogen of the content present under normal or optimal conditions), wherein the normal or optimal conditions include about 6-15 mM Nitrogen, e.g., 6-10 mM Nitrogen).

Thus, the invention encompasses plants exogenously expressing the polynucleotide(s), the nucleic acid constructs and/or polypeptide(s) of the invention.

Once expressed within the plant cell or the entire plant, the level of the polypeptide encoded by the exogenous polynucleotide can be determined by methods well known in the art such as, activity assays, Western blots using antibodies capable of specifically binding the polypeptide, Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA), radio-immuno-assays (RIA), immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence and the like.

Methods of determining the level in the plant of the RNA transcribed from the exogenous polynucleotide are well known in the art and include, for example, Northern blot analysis, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis (including quantitative, semi-quantitative or real-time RT-PCR) and RNA-in situ hybridization.

The sequence information and annotations uncovered by the present teachings can be harnessed in favor of classical breeding. Thus, sub-sequence data of those polynucleotides described above, can be used as markers for marker assisted selection (MAS), in which a marker is used for indirect selection of a genetic determinant or determinants of a trait of interest (e.g., biomass, growth rate, oil content, yield, abiotic stress tolerance, water use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and/or fertilizer use efficiency). Nucleic acid data of the present teachings (DNA or RNA sequence) may contain or be linked to polymorphic sites or genetic markers on the genome such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), DNA fingerprinting (DFP), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), expression level polymorphism, polymorphism of the encoded polypeptide and any other polymorphism at the DNA or RNA sequence.

Examples of marker assisted selections include, but are not limited to, selection for a morphological trait (e.g., a gene that affects form, coloration, male sterility or resistance such as the presence or absence of awn, leaf sheath coloration, height, grain color, aroma of rice); selection for a biochemical trait (e.g., a gene that encodes a protein that can be extracted and observed; for example, isozymes and storage proteins); selection for a biological trait (e.g., pathogen races or insect biotypes based on host pathogen or host parasite interaction can be used as a marker since the genetic constitution of an organism can affect its susceptibility to pathogens or parasites).

The polynucleotides and polypeptides described hereinabove can be used in a wide range of economical plants, in a safe and cost effective manner.

Plant lines exogenously expressing the polynucleotide or the polypeptide of the invention are screened to identify those that show the greatest increase of the desired plant trait.

Thus, according to an additional embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of evaluating a trait of a plant, the method comprising: (a) expressing in a plant or a portion thereof the nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention; and (b) evaluating a trait of a plant as compared to a wild type plant of the same type (e.g., a plant not transformed with the claimed biomolecules); thereby evaluating the trait of the plant.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop of a plant expressing an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous (e.g., identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589, wherein the plant is derived from a plant (parent plant) that has been transformed to express the exogenous polynucleotide and that has been selected for increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a control plant, thereby producing the crop.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous (e.g., identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589, wherein the crop plant is derived from plants which have been transformed with the exogenous polynucleotide and which have been selected for increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and the crop plant having the increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency), thereby producing the crop.

According to some embodiments of the invention the polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop of a plant expressing an exogenous polynucleotide which comprises a nucleic acid sequence which is at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650, wherein the plant is derived from a plant selected for increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a control plant, thereby producing the crop.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide at least 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, and 3619-3650, wherein the crop plant is derived from plants which have been transformed with the exogenous polynucleotide and which have been selected for increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and the crop plant having the increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency), thereby producing the crop.

According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention there is provided a method of growing a crop comprising seeding seeds and/or planting plantlets of a plant transformed with the exogenous polynucleotide of the invention, e.g., the polynucleotide which encodes the polypeptide of some embodiments of the invention, wherein the plant is derived from plants which have been transformed with the exogenous polynucleotide and which have been selected for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a non-transformed plant.

According to some embodiments of the invention the method of growing a crop comprising seeding seeds and/or planting plantlets of a plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589, wherein the plant is derived from plants which have been transformed with the exogenous polynucleotide and which have been selected for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a non-transformed plant, thereby growing the crop.

According to some embodiments of the invention the polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589.

According to some embodiments of the invention the method of growing a crop comprising seeding seeds and/or planting plantlets of a plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising the nucleic acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1-3, 5-21, 23-35, 38-42, 44, 46-51, 54-55, 57, 59-79, 81-87, 89-103, 105-119, 121-133, 136-139, 141, 143-148, 151-152, 155-173, 175-180, 298-322, 342, 377, 380-381, 384, 387, 396-397, 419, 440, 461-1016, 1028, 1088, 1143, 1187, 1204-1549, 1555-1557, 1561, 1572-1573, 1586, 1598-1599, 1648-1651, 1674, 1676-1677, 1816-1864, 1867-1886, 1918, 2075, 2090, 2092-2093, 2099-2100, 2107, 2116, 2118-2166, 2292, 2295-2312, 2334-2344, 2354-2602, 2604-2615, 2617-2624, 2626-2627, 2629, 2631-2636, 2638-2644, 2646-2725, 2786, 2827, 2948, 2978-3018, 3020-3030, 3032-3085, 3135, 3233, 3416, 3439, 3527, 3538, 3572, 3582-3588, 3619-3649 or 3650, wherein the plant is derived from plants which have been transformed with the exogenous polynucleotide and which have been selected for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a non-transformed plant, thereby growing the crop.

According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of growing a crop comprising:

(a) selecting a parent plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589 for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of: increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased nitrogen use efficiency, and increased abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a non-transformed plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and

(b) growing a progeny crop plant of the parent plant, wherein the progeny crop plant which comprises the exogenous polynucleotide has the increased yield, the increased growth rate, the increased biomass, the increased vigor, the increased oil content, the increased seed yield, the increased fiber yield, the increased fiber quality, the increased fiber length, the increased photosynthetic capacity, the increased nitrogen use efficiency, and/or the increased abiotic stress,

thereby growing the crop.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of producing seeds of a crop comprising:

(a) selecting parent plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589 for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of: increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased nitrogen use efficiency, and increased abiotic stress as compared to a non-transformed plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions,

(b) growing a seed producing plant from the parent plant resultant of step (a), wherein the seed producing plant which comprises the exogenous polynucleotide having the increased yield, the increased growth rate, the increased biomass, the increased vigor, the increased oil content, the increased seed yield, the increased fiber yield, the increased fiber quality, the increased fiber length, the increased photosynthetic capacity, the increased nitrogen use efficiency, and/or the increased abiotic stress, and

(c) producing seeds from the seed producing plant resultant of step (b),

thereby producing seeds of the crop.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the seeds produced from the seed producing plant comprise the exogenous polynucleotide.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of growing a crop comprising:

(a) selecting a parent plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589, for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of: increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased nitrogen use efficiency, and increased abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a non-transformed plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and

(b) growing progeny crop plant of the parent plant, wherein the progeny crop plant which comprises the exogenous polynucleotide has the increased yield, the increased growth rate, the increased biomass, the increased vigor, the increased oil content, the increased seed yield, the increased fiber yield, the increased fiber quality, the increased fiber length, the increased photosynthetic capacity, the increased nitrogen use efficiency, and/or the increased abiotic stress,

thereby growing the crop.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of producing seeds of a crop comprising:

(a) selecting parent plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 182-216, 219-223, 225-233, 235-238, 240-260, 262-297, 3651-3675, 3677-4327, 4329-4815, 4818, 4821-4827, 4830, 4833, 4835-4840, 4843-4844, 4846-4848, 4850-4855, 4858, 4861-4862, 4865-4870, 4873-4882, 4884, 4888-4893, 4895-4896, 4899-4902, 4904, 4906, 4912-4913, 4918-4919, 4922, 4924, 4929-4941, 4944-4948, 4950-4952, 4955-4957, 4960-4963, 4966, 4968-4971, 4973-4997, 4999-5050, 5053-5307, 5309-5326, 5328-5340, 5342-5347, 5350-5358, 5361-5397, 5401-5402, 5407-5408, 5410-5429, 5433-5439, 5442-5456, 5458-5461, 5463, 5465-5786, 5788, 5790-5793, 5795-5796, 5798-5800, 5802-5804, 5806, 5809-5818, 5820-5823, 5825-5826, 5829-5832, 5835-5853, 5855-5870, 5872-5873, 5875-5876, 5879, 5881-5890, 5892-5896, 5898, 5900-5907, 5909-5910, 5912-5925, 5928-5930, 5932-5933, 5935-5941, 5943, 5946-5947, 5949-5957, 5959-5964, 5966-5970, 5972, 5974-5991, 5994-5995, 5998-6001, 6003-6005, 6007-6101, 6103-6119, 6121-6154, 6156-6161, 6163-6198, 6200-6243, 6245-6271, 6273-6501, and 6503-6589 for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of: increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased nitrogen use efficiency, and increased abiotic stress as compared to a non-transformed plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions,

(b) growing a seed producing plant from the parent plant resultant of step (a), wherein the seed producing plant which comprises the exogenous polynucleotide having the increased yield, the increased growth rate, the increased biomass, the increased vigor, the increased oil content, the increased seed yield, the increased fiber yield, the increased fiber quality, the increased fiber length, the increased photosynthetic capacity, the increased nitrogen use efficiency, and/or the increased abiotic stress, and

(c) producing seeds from the seed producing plant resultant of step (b),

thereby producing seeds of the crop.

According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-42, 44-57, 59-181, and 298-3650.

The effect of the transgene (the exogenous polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide) on abiotic stress tolerance can be determined using known methods such as detailed below and in the Examples section which follows.

Abiotic stress tolerance—Transformed (i.e., expressing the transgene) and non-transformed (wild type) plants are exposed to an abiotic stress condition, such as water deprivation, suboptimal temperature (low temperature, high temperature), nutrient deficiency, nutrient excess, a salt stress condition, osmotic stress, heavy metal toxicity, anaerobiosis, atmospheric pollution and UV irradiation.

Salinity tolerance assay—Transgenic plants with tolerance to high salt concentrations are expected to exhibit better germination, seedling vigor or growth in high salt. Salt stress can be effected in many ways such as, for example, by irrigating the plants with a hyperosmotic solution, by cultivating the plants hydroponically in a hyperosmotic growth solution (e.g., Hoagland solution), or by culturing the plants in a hyperosmotic growth medium [e.g., 50% Murashige-Skoog medium (MS medium)]. Since different plants vary considerably in their tolerance to salinity, the salt concentration in the irrigation water, growth solution, or growth medium can be adjusted according to the specific characteristics of the specific plant cultivar or variety, so as to inflict a mild or moderate effect on the physiology and/or morphology of the plants (for guidelines as to appropriate concentration see, Bernstein and Kafkafi, Root Growth Under Salinity Stress In: Plant Roots, The Hidden Half 3rd ed. Waisel Y, Eshel A and Kafkafi U. (editors) Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 2002, and reference therein).

For example, a salinity tolerance test can be performed by irrigating plants at different developmental stages with increasing concentrations of sodium chloride (for example 50 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM, 400 mM NaCl) applied from the bottom and from above to ensure even dispersal of salt. Following exposure to the stress condition the plants are frequently monitored until substantial physiological and/or morphological effects appear in wild type plants. Thus, the external phenotypic appearance, degree of wilting and overall success to reach maturity and yield progeny are compared between control and transgenic plants.

Quantitative parameters of tolerance measured include, but are not limited to, the average wet and dry weight, growth rate, leaf size, leaf coverage (overall leaf area), the weight of the seeds yielded, the average seed size and the number of seeds produced per plant. Transformed plants not exhibiting substantial physiological and/or morphological effects, or exhibiting higher biomass than wild-type plants, are identified as abiotic stress tolerant plants.

Osmotic tolerance test—Osmotic stress assays (including sodium chloride and mannitol assays) are conducted to determine if an osmotic stress phenotype was sodium chloride-specific or if it was a general osmotic stress related phenotype. Plants which are tolerant to osmotic stress may have more tolerance to drought and/or freezing. For salt and osmotic stress germination experiments, the medium is supplemented for example with 50 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM NaCl or 100 mM, 200 mM NaCl, 400 mM mannitol.

Drought tolerance assay/Osmoticum assay—Tolerance to drought is performed to identify the genes conferring better plant survival after acute water deprivation. To analyze whether the transgenic plants are more tolerant to drought, an osmotic stress produced by the non-ionic osmolyte sorbitol in the medium can be performed. Control and transgenic plants are germinated and grown in plant-agar plates for 4 days, after which they are transferred to plates containing 500 mM sorbitol. The treatment causes growth retardation, then both control and transgenic plants are compared, by measuring plant weight (wet and dry), yield, and by growth rates measured as time to flowering.

Conversely, soil-based drought screens are performed with plants overexpressing the polynucleotides detailed above. Seeds from control Arabidopsis plants, or other transgenic plants overexpressing the polypeptide of the invention are germinated and transferred to pots. Drought stress is obtained after irrigation is ceased accompanied by placing the pots on absorbent paper to enhance the soil-drying rate. Transgenic and control plants are compared to each other when the majority of the control plants develop severe wilting. Plants are re-watered after obtaining a significant fraction of the control plants displaying a severe wilting. Plants are ranked comparing to controls for each of two criteria: tolerance to the drought conditions and recovery (survival) following re-watering.

Cold stress tolerance—To analyze cold stress, mature (25 day old) plants are transferred to 4° C. chambers for 1 or 2 weeks, with constitutive light. Later on plants are moved back to greenhouse. Two weeks later damages from chilling period, resulting in growth retardation and other phenotypes, are compared between both control and transgenic plants, by measuring plant weight (wet and dry), and by comparing growth rates measured as time to flowering, plant size, yield, and the like.

Heat stress tolerance—Heat stress tolerance is achieved by exposing the plants to temperatures above 34° C. for a certain period. Plant tolerance is examined after transferring the plants back to 22° C. for recovery and evaluation after 5 days relative to internal controls (non-transgenic plants) or plants not exposed to neither cold or heat stress.

Water use efficiency—can be determined as the biomass produced per unit transpiration. To analyze WUE, leaf relative water content can be measured in control and transgenic plants. Fresh weight (FW) is immediately recorded; then leaves are soaked for 8 hours in distilled water at room temperature in the dark, and the turgid weight (TW) is recorded. Total dry weight (DW) is recorded after drying the leaves at 60° C. to a constant weight. Relative water content (RWC) is calculated according to the following Formula I:

RWC=[(FW−DW)/(TW−DW)]×100   Formula I

Fertilizer use efficiency—To analyze whether the transgenic plants are more responsive to fertilizers, plants are grown in agar plates or pots with a limited amount of fertilizer, as described, for example, in Examples 24-26, hereinbelow and in Yanagisawa et al (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004; 101:7833-8). The plants are analyzed for their overall size, time to flowering, yield, protein content of shoot and/or grain. The parameters checked are the overall size of the mature plant, its wet and dry weight, the weight of the seeds yielded, the average seed size and the number of seeds produced per plant. Other parameters that may be tested are: the chlorophyll content of leaves (as nitrogen plant status and the degree of leaf verdure is highly correlated), amino acid and the total protein content of the seeds or other plant parts such as leaves or shoots, oil content, etc. Similarly, instead of providing nitrogen at limiting amounts, phosphate or potassium can be added at increasing concentrations. Again, the same parameters measured are the same as listed above. In this way, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), phosphate use efficiency (PUE) and potassium use efficiency (KUE) are assessed, checking the ability of the transgenic plants to thrive under nutrient restraining conditions.

Nitrogen use efficiency—To analyze whether the transgenic plants (e.g., Arabidopsis plants) are more responsive to nitrogen, plant are grown in 0.75-3 mM (nitrogen deficient conditions) or 6-10 mM (optimal nitrogen concentration). Plants are allowed to grow for additional 25 days or until seed production. The plants are then analyzed for their overall size, time to flowering, yield, protein content of shoot and/or grain/seed production. The parameters checked can be the overall size of the plant, wet and dry weight, the weight of the seeds yielded, the average seed size and the number of seeds produced per plant. Other parameters that may be tested are: the chlorophyll content of leaves (as nitrogen plant status and the degree of leaf greenness is highly correlated), amino acid and the total protein content of the seeds or other plant parts such as leaves or shoots and oil content. Transformed plants not exhibiting substantial physiological and/or morphological effects, or exhibiting higher measured parameters levels than wild-type plants, are identified as nitrogen use efficient plants.

Nitrogen Use efficiency assay using plantlets—The assay is done according to Yanagisawa-S. et al. with minor modifications (“Metabolic engineering with Dof1 transcription factor in plants: Improved nitrogen assimilation and growth under low-nitrogen conditions” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 7833-7838). Briefly, transgenic plants which are grown for 7-10 days in 0.5×MS [Murashige-Skoog] supplemented with a selection agent are transferred to two nitrogen-limiting conditions: MS media in which the combined nitrogen concentration (NH₄NO₃ and KNO₃) was 0.75 mM (nitrogen deficient conditions) or 6-15 mM (optimal nitrogen concentration). Plants are allowed to grow for additional 30-40 days and then photographed, individually removed from the Agar (the shoot without the roots) and immediately weighed (fresh weight) for later statistical analysis. Constructs for which only T1 seeds are available are sown on selective media and at least 20 seedlings (each one representing an independent transformation event) are carefully transferred to the nitrogen-limiting media. For constructs for which T2 seeds are available, different transformation events are analyzed. Usually, 20 randomly selected plants from each event are transferred to the nitrogen-limiting media allowed to grow for 3-4 additional weeks and individually weighed at the end of that period. Transgenic plants are compared to control plants grown in parallel under the same conditions. Mock-transgenic plants expressing the uidA reporter gene (GUS) under the same promoter or transgenic plants carrying the same promoter but lacking a reporter gene are used as control.

Nitrogen determination—The procedure for N (nitrogen) concentration determination in the structural parts of the plants involves the potassium persulfate digestion method to convert organic N to NO₃ ⁻ (Purcell and King 1996 Argon. J. 88:111-113, the modified Cd⁻ mediated reduction of NO₃ ⁻ to NO₂ ⁻ (Vodovotz 1996 Biotechniques 20:390-394) and the measurement of nitrite by the Griess assay (Vodovotz 1996, supra). The absorbance values are measured at 550 nm against a standard curve of NaNO₂. The procedure is described in details in Samonte et al. 2006 Agron. J. 98:168-176.

Germination tests—Germination tests compare the percentage of seeds from transgenic plants that could complete the germination process to the percentage of seeds from control plants that are treated in the same manner. Normal conditions are considered for example, incubations at 22° C. under 22-hour light 2-hour dark daily cycles. Evaluation of germination and seedling vigor is conducted between 4 and 14 days after planting. The basal media is 50% MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962 Plant Physiology 15, 473-497).

Germination is checked also at unfavorable conditions such as cold (incubating at temperatures lower than 10° C. instead of 22° C.) or using seed inhibition solutions that contain high concentrations of an osmolyte such as sorbitol (at concentrations of 50 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM, 300 mM, 500 mM, and up to 1000 mM) or applying increasing concentrations of salt (of 50 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM, 300 mM, 500 mM NaCl).

The effect of the transgene on plant's vigor, growth rate, biomass, yield and/or oil content can be determined using known methods.

Plant vigor—The plant vigor can be calculated by the increase in growth parameters such as leaf area, fiber length, rosette diameter, plant fresh weight and the like per time.

Growth rate—The growth rate can be measured using digital analysis of growing plants. For example, images of plants growing in greenhouse on plot basis can be captured every 3 days and the rosette area can be calculated by digital analysis. Rosette area growth is calculated using the difference of rosette area between days of sampling divided by the difference in days between samples.

It should be noted that an increase in rosette parameters such as rosette area, rosette diameter and/or rosette growth rate in a plant model such as Arabidopsis predicts an increase in canopy coverage and/or plot coverage in a target plant such as Brassica sp., soy, corn, wheat, Barley, oat, cotton, rice, tomato, sugar beet, and vegetables such as lettuce.

Evaluation of growth rate can be done by measuring plant biomass produced, rosette area, leaf size or root length per time (can be measured in cm² per day of leaf area).

Relative growth area can be calculated using Formula II.

Relative growth rate area=Regression coefficient of area along time course   Formula II:

Thus, the relative growth area rate is in units of area units (e.g., mm²/day or cm²/day) and the relative length growth rate is in units of length units (e.g., cm/day or mm/day).

For example, RGR can be determined for plant height (Formula III), SPAD (Formula IV), Number of tillers (Formula V), root length (Formula VI), vegetative growth (Formula VII), leaf number (Formula VIII), rosette area (Formula IX), rosette diameter (Formula X), plot coverage (Formula XI), leaf blade area (Formula XII), and leaf area (Formula XIII)

Relative growth rate of Plant height=Regression coefficient of Plant height along time course (measured in cm/day).   Formula III:

Relative growth rate of SPAD=Regression coefficient of SPAD measurements along time course.   Formula IV:

Relative growth rate of Number of tillers=Regression coefficient of Number of tillers along time course (measured in units of “number of tillers/day”).   Formula V:

Relative growth rate of root length=Regression coefficient of root length along time course (measured in cm per day).   Formula VI:

Vegetative growth rate analysis—was calculated according to Formula VII below.

Relative growth rate of vegetative growth=Regression coefficient of vegetative dry weight along time course (measured in grams per day).   Formula VII:

Relative growth rate of leaf number=Regression coefficient of leaf number along time course (measured in number per day).   Formula VIII:

Relative growth rate of rosette area=Regression coefficient of rosette area along time course (measured in cm² per day).   Formula IX:

Relative growth rate of rosette diameter=Regression coefficient of rosette diameter along time course (measured in cm per day).   Formula X:

Relative growth rate of plot coverage=Regression coefficient of plot (measured in cm² per day).   Formula XI:

Relative growth rate of leaf blade area=Regression coefficient of leaf area along time course (measured in cm² per day).   Formula XII:

Relative growth rate of leaf area=Regression coefficient of leaf area along time course (measured in cm² per day).   Formula XIII:

1000 Seed Weight=number of seed in sample/sample weight×1000   Formula XIV:

The Harvest Index can be calculated using Formulas XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII and LXV below.

Harvest Index (seed)=Average seed yield per plant/Average dry weight.   Formula XV:

Harvest Index (Sorghum)=Average grain dry weight per Head/(Average vegetative dry weight per Head+Average Head dry weight)   Formula XVI:

Harvest Index (Maize)=Average grain weight per plant/(Average vegetative dry weight per plant plus Average grain weight per plant)   Formula XVII:

Harvest Index (for barley)—The harvest index is calculated using Formula XVIII.

Harvest Index (for barley and wheat)=Average spike dry weight per plant/(Average vegetative dry weight per plant+Average spike dry weight per plant)   Formula XVIII:

Following is a non-limited list of additional parameters which can be detected in order to show the effect of the transgene on the desired plant's traits:

Grain circularity=4×3.14 (grain area/perimeter²)   Formula XIX:

Internode volume=3.14×(d/2)²×1   Formula XX:

Total dry matter (kg)=Normalized head weight per plant+vegetative dry weight.   Formula XXI:

Root/Shoot Ratio=total weight of the root at harvest/total weight of the vegetative portion above ground at harvest.(=RBiH/BiH)   Formula XXII:

Ratio of the number of pods per node on main stem at pod set=Total number of pods on main stem/Total number of nodes on main stem.   Formula XXIII:

Ratio of total number of seeds in main stem to number of seeds on lateral branches=Total number of seeds on main stem at pod set/Total number of seeds on lateral branches at pod set.   Formula XXIV:

Petiole Relative Area=(Petiole area)/Rosette area (measured in %).   Formula XXV:

percentage of reproductive tiller=Number of Reproductive tillers/number of tillers)×100.   Formula XXVI:

Spikes Index=Average Spikes weight per plant/(Average vegetative dry weight per plant plus Average Spikes weight per plant).   Formula XXVII:

Relative growth rate of root coverage=Regression coefficient of root coverage along time course.   Formula XXVIII:

Seed Oil yield=Seed yield per plant (gr.)*Oil % in seed.   Formula XXIX:

shoot/root Ratio=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground at harvest/total weight of the root at harvest.   Formula XXX:

Spikelets Index=Average Spikelets weight per plant/(Average vegetative dry weight per plant plus Average Spikelets weight per plant).   Formula XXXI:

% Canopy coverage=(1−(PAR_DOWN/PAR_UP))×100 measured using AccuPAR Ceptometer Model LP-80.   Formula XXXII:

leaf mass fraction=Leaf area/shoot FW.   Formula XXXIII:

Relative growth rate based on dry weight=Regression coefficient of dry weight along time course.   Formula XXXIV:

Formula XXXV: Dry matter partitioning (ratio)—At the end of the growing period 6 plants heads as well as the rest of the plot heads were collected, threshed and grains were weighted to obtain grains yield per plot. Dry matter partitioning was calculated by dividing grains yield per plot to vegetative dry weight per plot.

Formula XXXVI: 1000 grain weight filling rate (gr/day)—The rate of grain filling was calculated by dividing 1000 grain weight by grain fill duration.

Formula XXXVII: Specific leaf area (cm²/gr)—Leaves were scanned to obtain leaf area per plant, and then were dried in an oven to obtain the leaves dry weight. Specific leaf area was calculated by dividing the leaf area by leaf dry weight.

Formula XXXVIII: Vegetative dry weight per plant at flowering/water until flowering (gr/lit)—Calculated by dividing vegetative dry weight (excluding roots and reproductive organs) per plant at flowering by the water used for irrigation up to flowering

Formula XXXIX: Yield filling rate (gr/day)—The rate of grain filling was calculated by dividing grains Yield by grain fill duration.

Formula XXXX: Yield per dunam/water until tan (kg/lit)—Calculated by dividing Grains yield per dunam by water used for irrigation until tan.

Formula XXXXI: Yield per plant/water until tan (gr/lit)—Calculated by dividing Grains yield per plant by water used for irrigation until tan

Formula XXXXII: Yield per dunam/water until maturity (gr/lit)—Calculated by dividing grains yield per dunam by the water used for irrigation up to maturity. “Lit”=Liter.

Formula XXXXIII: Vegetative dry weight per plant/water until maturity (gr/lit): Calculated by dividing vegetative dry weight per plant (excluding roots and reproductive organs) at harvest by the water used for irrigation up to maturity.

Formula XXXXIV: Total dry matter per plant/water until maturity (gr/lit): Calculated by dividing total dry matter at harvest (vegetative and reproductive, excluding roots) per plant by the water used for irrigation up to maturity.

Formula XXXXV: Total dry matter per plant/water until flowering (gr/lit): Calculated by dividing total dry matter at flowering (vegetative and reproductive, excluding roots) per plant by the water used for irrigation up to flowering.

Formula XXXXVI: Heads index (ratio): Average heads weight/(Average vegetative dry weight per plant plus Average heads weight per plant).

Formula XXXXVII: Yield/SPAD (kg/SPAD units)—Calculated by dividing grains yield by average SPAD measurements per plot.

Formula XXXXVIII: Stem water content (percentage)—stems were collected and fresh weight (FW) was weighted. Then the stems were oven dry and dry weight (DW) was recorded. Stems dry weight was divided by stems fresh weight, subtracted from 1 and multiplied by 100.

Formula XXXXIX: Leaf water content (percentage)—Leaves were collected and fresh weight (FW) was weighted. Then the leaves were oven dry and dry weight (DW) was recorded. Leaves dry weight was divided by leaves fresh weight, subtracted from 1 and multiplied by 100.

Formula L: stem volume (cm³)—The average stem volume was calculated by multiplying the average stem length by (3.14*((mean lower and upper stem width)/2){circumflex over ( )}2).

Formula LI: NUE—is the ratio between total grain yield per total nitrogen (applied+content) in soil.

Formula LII: NUpE—Is the ratio between total plant N content per total N (applied+content) in soil.

Formula LIII: Total NUtE—Is the ratio between total dry matter per N content of total dry matter.

Formula LIV: Stem density—is the ratio between internode dry weight and internode volume.

Formula LV: Grain NUtE—Is the ratio between grain yield per N content of total dry matter

Formula LVI: N harvest index (Ratio)—Is the ratio between nitrogen content in grain per plant and the nitrogen of whole plant at harvest.

Formula LVII: Biomass production efficiency—is the ratio between plant biomass and total shoot N.

Formula LVIII: Harvest index (plot) (ratio)—Average seed yield per plot/Average dry weight per plot.

Formula LIX: Relative growth rate of petiole relative area—Regression coefficient of petiole relative area along time course (measured in cm2 per day).

Formula LX: Yield per spike filling rate (gr/day)—spike filling rate was calculated by dividing grains yield per spike to grain fill duration.

Formula LXI: Yield per micro plots filling rate (gr/day)—micro plots filling rate was calculated by dividing grains yield per micro plots to grain fill duration.

Formula LXII: Grains yield per hectare [ton/ha]—all spikes per plot were harvested threshed and grains were weighted after sun dry. The resulting value was divided by the number of square meters and multiplied by 10,000 (10,000 square meters=1 hectare).

Formula LXIII: Total dry matter (for Maize)=Normalized ear weight per plant+vegetative dry weight. Formula LXIV:

${{Agronomical}{NUE}} = \frac{\begin{matrix} {{{Yield}{per}{plant}\left( {{Kg}.} \right)^{X{Nitrogen}{Fertilization}}} -} \\ {{Yield}{per}{plant}\left( {{Kg}.} \right)^{0\%{Nitrogen}{Fertilization}}} \end{matrix}}{{Fertilizer}^{X}}$

Formula LXV:Harvest Index (Brachypodium)=Average grain weight/average dry (vegetative+spikelet) weight per plant.

Formula LXVI:Harvest Index for Sorghum* (* when the plants were not dried)=FW (fresh weight) Heads/(FW Heads+FW Plants)

Grain protein concentration—Grain protein content (g grain protein m⁻²) is estimated as the product of the mass of grain N (g grain N m⁻²) multiplied by the N/protein conversion ratio of k-5.13 (Mosse 1990, supra). The grain protein concentration is estimated as the ratio of grain protein content per unit mass of the grain (g grain protein kg⁻¹ grain).

Fiber length—Fiber length can be measured using fibrograph. The fibrograph system was used to compute length in terms of “Upper Half Mean” length. The upper half mean (UHM) is the average length of longer half of the fiber distribution. The fibrograph measures length in span lengths at a given percentage point (cottoninc (dot) com/ClassificationofCotton/?Pg=4#Length).

According to some embodiments of the invention, increased yield of corn may be manifested as one or more of the following: increase in the number of plants per growing area, increase in the number of ears per plant, increase in the number of rows per ear, number of kernels per ear row, kernel weight, thousand kernel weight (1000-weight), ear length/diameter, increase oil content per kernel and increase starch content per kernel.

As mentioned, the increase of plant yield can be determined by various parameters. For example, increased yield of rice may be manifested by an increase in one or more of the following: number of plants per growing area, number of panicles per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, number of flowers per panicle, increase in the seed filling rate, increase in thousand kernel weight (1000-weight), increase oil content per seed, increase starch content per seed, among others. An increase in yield may also result in modified architecture, or may occur because of modified architecture.

Similarly, increased yield of soybean may be manifested by an increase in one or more of the following: number of plants per growing area, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, increase in the seed filling rate, increase in thousand seed weight (1000-weight), reduce pod shattering, increase oil content per seed, increase protein content per seed, among others. An increase in yield may also result in modified architecture, or may occur because of modified architecture.

Increased yield of canola may be manifested by an increase in one or more of the following: number of plants per growing area, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, increase in the seed filling rate, increase in thousand seed weight (1000-weight), reduce pod shattering, increase oil content per seed, among others. An increase in yield may also result in modified architecture, or may occur because of modified architecture.

Increased yield of cotton may be manifested by an increase in one or more of the following: number of plants per growing area, number of bolls per plant, number of seeds per boll, increase in the seed filling rate, increase in thousand seed weight (1000-weight), increase oil content per seed, improve fiber length, fiber strength, among others. An increase in yield may also result in modified architecture, or may occur because of modified architecture.

Oil content—The oil content of a plant can be determined by extraction of the oil from the seed or the vegetative portion of the plant. Briefly, lipids (oil) can be removed from the plant (e.g., seed) by grinding the plant tissue in the presence of specific solvents (e.g., hexane or petroleum ether) and extracting the oil in a continuous extractor. Indirect oil content analysis can be carried out using various known methods such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, which measures the resonance energy absorbed by hydrogen atoms in the liquid state of the sample [See for example, Conway T F. and Earle F R., 1963, Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society; Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, ISSN: 0003-021X (Print) 1558-9331 (Online)]; the Near Infrared (NI) Spectroscopy, which utilizes the absorption of near infrared energy (1100-2500 nm) by the sample; and a method described in WO/2001/023884, which is based on extracting oil a solvent, evaporating the solvent in a gas stream which forms oil particles, and directing a light into the gas stream and oil particles which forms a detectable reflected light.

Thus, the present invention is of high agricultural value for promoting the yield of commercially desired crops (e.g., biomass of vegetative organ such as poplar wood, or reproductive organ such as number of seeds or seed biomass).

Any of the transgenic plants described hereinabove or parts thereof may be processed to produce a feed, meal, protein or oil preparation, such as for ruminant animals.

The transgenic plants described hereinabove, which exhibit an increased oil content can be used to produce plant oil (by extracting the oil from the plant).

The plant oil (including the seed oil and/or the vegetative portion oil) produced according to the method of the invention may be combined with a variety of other ingredients. The specific ingredients included in a product are determined according to the intended use. Exemplary products include animal feed, raw material for chemical modification, biodegradable plastic, blended food product, edible oil, biofuel, cooking oil, lubricant, biodiesel, snack food, cosmetics, and fermentation process raw material. Exemplary products to be incorporated to the plant oil include animal feeds, human food products such as extruded snack foods, breads, as a food binding agent, aquaculture feeds, fermentable mixtures, food supplements, sport drinks, nutritional food bars, multi-vitamin supplements, diet drinks, and cereal foods.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the oil comprises a seed oil.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the oil comprises a vegetative portion oil (oil of the vegetative portion of the plant).

According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant cell forms a part of a plant.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a food or feed comprising the plants or a portion thereof of the present invention.

As used herein the term “about” refers to ±10%.

The terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “includes”, “including”, “having” and their conjugates mean “including but not limited to”.

The term “consisting of” means “including and limited to”.

The term “consisting essentially of” means that the composition, method or structure may include additional ingredients, steps and/or parts, but only if the additional ingredients, steps and/or parts do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed composition, method or structure.

As used herein, the singular form “a”, “an” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term “a compound” or “at least one compound” may include a plurality of compounds, including mixtures thereof.

Throughout this application, various embodiments of this invention may be presented in a range format. It should be understood that the description in range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the description of a range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all the possible subranges as well as individual numerical values within that range. For example, description of a range such as from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed subranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6 etc., as well as individual numbers within that range, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. This applies regardless of the breadth of the range.

Whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited numeral (fractional or integral) within the indicated range. The phrases “ranging/ranges between” a first indicate number and a second indicate number and “ranging/ranges from” a first indicate number “to” a second indicate number are used herein interchangeably and are meant to include the first and second indicated numbers and all the fractional and integral numerals therebetween.

As used herein the term “method” refers to manners, means, techniques and procedures for accomplishing a given task including, but not limited to, those manners, means, techniques and procedures either known to, or readily developed from known manners, means, techniques and procedures by practitioners of the chemical, pharmacological, biological, biochemical and medical arts.

When reference is made to particular sequence listings, such reference is to be understood to also encompass sequences that substantially correspond to its complementary sequence as including minor sequence variations, resulting from, e.g., sequencing errors, cloning errors, or other alterations resulting in base substitution, base deletion or base addition, provided that the frequency of such variations is less than 1 in 50 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 100 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 200 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 500 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 1000 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 5,000 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 10,000 nucleotides.

It is appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination or as suitable in any other described embodiment of the invention. Certain features described in the context of various embodiments are not to be considered essential features of those embodiments, unless the embodiment is inoperative without those elements.

Various embodiments and aspects of the present invention as delineated hereinabove and as claimed in the claims section below find experimental support in the following examples.

EXAMPLES

Reference is now made to the following examples, which together with the above descriptions illustrate some embodiments of the invention in a non limiting fashion.

Generally, the nomenclature used herein and the laboratory procedures utilized in the present invention include molecular, biochemical, microbiological and recombinant DNA techniques. Such techniques are thoroughly explained in the literature. See, for example, “Molecular Cloning: A laboratory Manual” Sambrook et al., (1989); “Current Protocols in Molecular Biology” Volumes I-III Ausubel, R. M., ed. (1994); Ausubel et al., “Current Protocols in Molecular Biology”, John Wiley and Sons, Baltimore, Md. (1989); Perbal, “A Practical Guide to Molecular Cloning”, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1988); Watson et al., “Recombinant DNA”, Scientific American Books, New York; Birren et al. (eds) “Genome Analysis: A Laboratory Manual Series”, Vols. 1-4, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York (1998); methodologies as set forth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,666,828; 4,683,202; 4,801,531; 5,192,659 and 5,272,057; “Cell Biology: A Laboratory Handbook”, Volumes I-III Cellis, J. E., ed. (1994); “Current Protocols in Immunology” Volumes I-III Coligan J. E., ed. (1994); Stites et al. (eds), “Basic and Clinical Immunology” (8th Edition), Appleton & Lange, Norwalk, Conn. (1994); Mishell and Shiigi (eds), “Selected Methods in Cellular Immunology”, W. H. Freeman and Co., New York (1980); available immunoassays are extensively described in the patent and scientific literature, see, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,791,932; 3,839,153; 3,850,752; 3,850,578; 3,853,987; 3,867,517; 3,879,262; 3,901,654; 3,935,074; 3,984,533; 3,996,345; 4,034,074; 4,098,876; 4,879,219; 5,011,771 and 5,281,521; “Oligonucleotide Synthesis” Gait, M. J., ed. (1984); “Nucleic Acid Hybridization” Hames, B. D., and Higgins S. J., eds. (1985); “Transcription and Translation” Hames, B. D., and Higgins S. J., Eds. (1984); “Animal Cell Culture” Freshney, R. I., ed. (1986); “Immobilized Cells and Enzymes” IRL Press, (1986); “A Practical Guide to Molecular Cloning” Perbal, B., (1984) and “Methods in Enzymology” Vol. 1-317, Academic Press; “PCR Protocols: A Guide To Methods And Applications”, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990); Marshak et al., “Strategies for Protein Purification and Characterization—A Laboratory Course Manual” CSHL Press (1996); all of which are incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. Other general references are provided throughout this document. The procedures therein are believed to be well known in the art and are provided for the convenience of the reader. All the information contained therein is incorporated herein by reference.

General Experimental and Bioinformatics Methods

RNA extraction—Tissues growing at various growth conditions (as described below) were sampled and RNA was extracted using TRIzol Reagent from Invitrogen [invitrogen (dot) com/content (dot)cfm?pageid=469]. Approximately 30-50 mg of tissue was taken from samples. The weighed tissues were ground using pestle and mortar in liquid nitrogen and resuspended in 500 μl of TRIzol Reagent. To the homogenized lysate, 100 μl of chloroform was added followed by precipitation using isopropanol and two washes with 75% ethanol. The RNA was eluted in 30 μl of RNase-free water. RNA samples were cleaned up using Qiagen's RNeasy minikit clean-up protocol as per the manufacturer's protocol (QIAGEN Inc, CA USA). For convenience, each micro-array expression information tissue type has received an expression Set ID.

Correlation analysis—was performed for selected genes according to some embodiments of the invention, in which the characterized parameters (measured parameters according to the correlation IDs) were used as “x axis” for correlation with the tissue transcriptome which was used as the “Y axis”. For each gene and measured parameter a correlation coefficient “R” was calculated (using Pearson correlation) along with a p-value for the significance of the correlation. When the correlation coefficient (R) between the levels of a gene's expression in a certain tissue and a phenotypic performance across ecotypes/variety/hybrid is high in absolute value (between 0.5-1), there is an association between the gene (specifically the expression level of this gene) the phenotypic characteristic (e.g., improved nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, yield, growth rate and the like).

Example 1 Bioinformatics Tools for Identification of Genes which Increase Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Yield and Agronomical Important Traits in Plants

The present inventors have identified polynucleotides which upregulation of expression thereof can increase abiotic stress tolerance (ABST), water use efficiency (WUE), yield, oil content, growth rate, vigor, biomass, fiber yield and quality, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and/or fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) of a plant.

All nucleotide sequence datasets used here were originated from publicly available databases or from performing nucleotide sequencing using the Solexa technology (e.g. Barley and Sorghum). Sequence data from 100 different plant species was introduced into a single, comprehensive database. Other information on gene expression, protein annotation, enzymes and pathways were also incorporated. Major databases used include:

Genomes

-   -   Arabidopsis genome [TAIR genome version 6 (Arabidopsis (dot)         org/)];     -   Rice genome [IRGSP build 4.0 (rgp (dot) dna (dot) affrc (dot) go         (dot) jp/IRGSP/)];     -   Poplar [Populus trichocarpa release 1.1 from JGI (assembly         release v1.0) (genome (dot) jgi-psf (dot) org/)];     -   Brachypodium [JGI 4× assembly, Brachypodium (dot) org)];     -   Soybean [DOE-JGI SCP, version Glyma0 (phytozome (dot) net/)];     -   Grape [French-Italian Public Consortium for Grapevine Genome         Characterization grapevine genome (genoscope (dot) cns (dot) fr         /)];     -   Castobean [TIGR/J Craig Venter Institute 4× assembly [msc (dot)         jcvi (dot) org/r_communis];     -   Sorghum [DOE-JGI SCP, version Sbi1 [phytozome (dot) net/)];     -   Partially assembled genome of Maize [maizesequence (dot) org/];

Expressed EST and mRNA sequences were extracted from the following databases:

-   -   GenBank versions 154, 157, 160, 161, 164, 165, 166 and 168 (ncbi         (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov/dbEST/);     -   RefSeq (ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov/RefSeq/);     -   TAIR (Arabidopsis (dot) org/);

Protein and Pathway Databases

-   -   Uniprot [uniprot (dot) org/];     -   AraCyc [Arabidopsis (dot) org/biocyc/index (dot) jsp];     -   ENZYME [expasy (dot) org/enzyme/];

Microarray datasets were downloaded from:

-   -   GEO (ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov/geo/);     -   TAIR (Arabidopsis (dot) org/);     -   Proprietary microarray data (WO2008/122980 and Examples 2-17         below).

QTL and SNPs Information

-   -   Gramene [gramene (dot) org/qtl/];     -   Panzea [panzea (dot) org/index (dot) html];

Database assembly—was performed to build a wide, rich, reliable annotated and easy to analyze database comprised of publicly available genomic mRNA, ESTs DNA sequences, data from various crops as well as gene expression, protein annotation and pathway data QTLs, and other relevant information.

Database assembly is comprised of a toolbox of gene refining, structuring, annotation and analysis tools enabling to construct a tailored database for each gene discovery project. Gene refining and structuring tools enable to reliably detect splice variants and antisense transcripts, generating understanding of various potential phenotypic outcomes of a single gene. The capabilities of the “LEADS” platform of Compugen LTD for analyzing human genome have been confirmed and accepted by the scientific community [see e.g., “Widespread Antisense Transcription”, Yelin, et al. (2003) Nature Biotechnology 21, 379-85; “Splicing of Alu Sequences”, Lev-Maor, et al. (2003) Science 300 (5623), 1288-91; “Computational analysis of alternative splicing using EST tissue information”, Xie H et al. Genomics 2002], and have been proven most efficient in plant genomics as well.

EST clustering and gene assembly—For gene clustering and assembly of organisms with available genome sequence data (Arabidopsis, rice, castorbean, grape, Brachypodium, poplar, soybean, Sorghum) the genomic LEADS version (GANG) was employed. This tool allows most accurate clustering of ESTs and mRNA sequences on genome, and predicts gene structure as well as alternative splicing events and anti-sense transcription.

For organisms with no available full genome sequence data, “expressed LEADS” clustering software was applied.

Gene annotation—Predicted genes and proteins were annotated as follows:

Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST™ National Library of Medicine) search [blast (dot) ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov /Blast (dot) cgi] against all plant UniProt [uniprot (dot) org/] sequences was performed. Open reading frames (ORFs) of each putative transcript were analyzed and longest open reading frame (ORF) with higher number of homologues was selected as predicted protein of the transcript. The predicted proteins were analyzed by InterPro [ebi (dot) ac (dot) uk/interpro/].

Blast against proteins from AraCyc and ENZYME databases was used to map the predicted transcripts to AraCyc pathways.

Predicted proteins from different species were compared using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST™) (National Library of Medicine) algorithm [ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov /Blast (dot) cgi] to validate the accuracy of the predicted protein sequence, and for efficient detection of orthologs.

Gene expression profiling—Several data sources were exploited for gene expression profiling, namely microarray data and digital expression profile (see below). According to gene expression profile, a correlation analysis was performed to identify genes which are co-regulated under different development stages and environmental conditions and associated with different phenotypes.

Publicly available microarray datasets were downloaded from TAIR and NCBI GEO sites, renormalized, and integrated into the database. Expression profiling is one of the most important resource data for identifying genes important for ABST, increased yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, WUE, NUE and FUE of a plant.

A digital expression profile summary was compiled for each cluster according to all keywords included in the sequence records comprising the cluster. Digital expression, also known as electronic Northern Blot, is a tool that displays virtual expression profile based on the expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences forming the gene cluster. The tool provides the expression profile of a cluster in terms of plant anatomy (e.g., the tissue/organ in which the gene is expressed), developmental stage (the developmental stages at which a gene can be found) and profile of treatment (provides the physiological conditions under which a gene is expressed such as drought, cold, pathogen infection, etc). Given a random distribution of ESTs in the different clusters, the digital expression provides a probability value that describes the probability of a cluster having a total of N ESTs to contain X ESTs from a certain collection of libraries. For the probability calculations, the following is taken into consideration: a) the number of ESTs in the cluster, b) the number of ESTs of the implicated and related libraries, c) the overall number of ESTs available representing the species. Thereby clusters with low probability values are highly enriched with ESTs from the group of libraries of interest indicating a specialized expression.

The accuracy of this system was demonstrated by Portnoy et al., 2009, “Analysis Of The Melon Fruit Transcriptome Based On 454 Pyrosequencing” in: Plant & Animal Genomes XVII Conference, San Diego, Calif. Transcriptomic analysis, based on relative EST abundance in data was performed by 454 pyrosequencing of cDNA representing mRNA of the melon fruit. Fourteen double strand cDNA samples obtained from two genotypes, two fruit tissues (flesh and rind) and four developmental stages were sequenced. GS FLX pyrosequencing (Roche/454 Life Sciences) of non-normalized and purified cDNA samples yielded 1,150,657 expressed sequence tags, that assembled into 67,477 unigenes (32,357 singletons and 35,120 contigs). Analysis of the data obtained against the Cucurbit Genomics Database [icugi (dot) org/] confirmed the accuracy of the sequencing and assembly. Expression patterns of selected genes fitted well their qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) data.

Example 2 Production of Sorghum Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield, NUE, and ABST Related Parameters Measured in Fields Using 44K Sorghum Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a Sorghum oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 44,000 Sorghum genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with ABST, yield and NUE components or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 17 different Sorghum hybrids were analyzed. Among them, 10 hybrids encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane(dot)com/hyperstat/A34739(dot)html].

Correlation of Sorghum Varieties Across Ecotypes Grown Under Regular Growth Conditions, Severe Drought Conditions and Low Nitrogen Conditions

Experimental Procedures

17 Sorghum varieties were grown in 3 repetitive plots, in field. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows:

1. Regular growth conditions: Sorghum plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols (normal growth conditions), which include 370 m³ water per dunam (1000 m²) per entire growth period and fertilization of 14 units of URAN® 21% (Nitrogen Fertilizer Solution; PCS Sales, Northbrook, Ill., USA).

2. Drought conditions: Sorghum seeds were sown in soil and grown under normal growth conditions until about 35 days from sowing, at about stage V8 (eight green leaves are fully expanded, booting not started yet). At this point, irrigation was stopped, and severe drought stress was developed.

3. Low Nitrogen fertilization conditions: Sorghum plants were fertilized with 50% less amount of nitrogen in the field than the amount of nitrogen applied in the regular (normal) growth treatment. All the fertilizer was applied before flowering.

Analyzed Sorghum tissues—All 10 selected Sorghum hybrids were sampled per each treatment. Tissues [Flag leaf, Flower meristem and Flower] from plants growing under normal conditions, severe drought stress and low nitrogen conditions were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1 Sorghum transcriptome expression sets in field experiments Set Expression Set ID Flag leaf at flowering stage under drought growth conditions 1 Flag leaf at flowering stage under low nitrogen growth conditions 2 Flag leaf at flowering stage under normal growth conditions 3 Flower meristem at flowering stage under drought growth conditions 4 Flower meristem at flowering stage under low nitrogen growth 5 conditions Flower meristem at flowering stage under normal growth conditions 6 Flower at flowering stage under drought growth conditions 7 Flower at flowering stage under low nitrogen growth conditions 8 Flower at flowering stage under normal growth conditions 9 Table 1: Provided are the sorghum transcriptom expression sets. Flag leaf = the leaf below the flower; Flower meristem = Apical meristem following panicle initiation; Flower = the flower at the anthesis day.

The following parameters were collected using digital imaging system:

Average grain area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the Plant ‘Head’. A sample of ˜200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Upper and lower ratio average of grain area, width, length, diameter and perimeter—Grain projection of area, width, length, diameter and perimeter were extracted from the digital images using open source package imagej (nih). Seed data was analyzed in plot average levels as follows:

Average of all seeds;

Average of upper 20% fraction=contained upper 20% fraction of seeds;

Average of lower 20% fraction=contained lower 20% fraction of seeds;

Further on, ratio between each fraction and the plot average was calculated for each of the data parameters.

At the end of the growing period 5 ‘Heads’ were, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system.

Average grain length (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the Plant ‘Head’. A sample of ˜200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Head average area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period 5 ‘Heads’ were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The ‘Head’ area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ‘Heads’.

Head average length (cm)—At the end of the growing period 5 ‘Heads’ were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The ‘Head’ length (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ‘Heads’.

Head average width (cm)—At the end of the growing period 5 ‘Heads’ were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The ‘Head’ width was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ‘Heads’.

Head average perimeter (cm)—At the end of the growing period 5 ‘Heads’ were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The ‘Head’ perimeter was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ‘Heads’.

An image processing system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing software, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, image processing output data for seed area and seed length was saved to text files and analyzed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Additional parameters were collected either by sampling 5 plants per plot or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot.

Total seed weight per head (Grain yield) (gr.)—At the end of the experiment (plant ‘Heads’) heads from plots within blocks A-C were collected. Five heads were separately threshed and grains were weighted, all additional heads were threshed together and weighted as well. The average grain weight per head was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by number of total heads per plot (based on plot). In case of 5 heads, the total grains weight of 5 heads was divided by 5.

FW (fresh weight) head per plant (gr.)—At the end of the experiment (when heads were harvested) total heads and 5 selected heads per plots within blocks A-C were collected separately. The heads (total and 5) were weighted (gr.) separately, and the average fresh weight per plant was calculated for total (FW Head/Plant gr. based on plot) and for 5 heads (FW Head/Plant gr. based on 5 plants).

Plant height—Plants were characterized for height during growing period at 5 time points. In each measure, plants were measured for their height using a measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the longest leaf.

Plant leaf number—Plants were characterized for leaf number during a growing period at 5 time points. In each measure, plants were measured for their leaf number by counting all the leaves of 3 selected plants per plot.

SPAD [SPAD unit]—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed 64 days post sowing. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaves. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.

Vegetative fresh weight and Heads—At the end of the experiment (when inflorescence were dry) all inflorescence and vegetative material from plots within blocks A-C were collected. The biomass and heads weight of each plot was separated, measured and divided by the number of heads.

Plant biomass (Fresh weight)—At the end of the experiment (when inflorescence were dry) the vegetative material from plots within blocks A-C were collected. The plants biomass without the inflorescence were measured and divided by the number of plants.

FW (fresh weight) heads/(FW Heads+FW Plants)—The total fresh weight of heads and their respective plant biomass were measured at the harvest day. The heads weight was divided by the sum of weights of heads and plants.

Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours;

Harvest Index (HI) (Sorghum)—The harvest index was calculated using Formula XVI above.

Data parameters collected are summarized in Table 2, herein below

TABLE 2 Sorghum correlated parameters (vectors) Corre- lation Correlated parameter with ID Average grain area [cm²] at Drought growth conditions 1 Average grain area [cm²] at Normal growth conditions 2 Average grain area [cm²] at low nitrogen growth conditions 3 FW head per plant [gr.] at Drought growth conditions 4 FW head per plant [gr.] at Normal growth conditions 5 FW head per plant [gr.] at low nitrogen growth conditions 6 FW heads/(FW Heads + FW Plants) [gr.] at 7 Drought growth conditions FW heads/(FW Heads + FW Plants) [gr.] at 8 Normal growth conditions FW heads/(FW Heads + FW Plants) [gr.] at 9 low nitrogen growth conditions Head average area [cm²] at Drought growth conditions 10 Head average area [cm²] at Normal growth conditions 11 Head average area [cm²] at low nitrogen growth conditions 12 Head average length [cm] at Drought growth conditions 13 Head average length [cm] at Normal growth conditions 14 Head average length [cm] at low nitrogen growth conditions 15 Head average perimeter [cm] at Drought growth conditions 16 Head average perimeter [cm] at Normal growth conditions 17 Head average perimeter [cm] at low nitrogen growth conditions 18 Head average width [cm] at Drought growth conditions 19 Head average width [cm] at Normal growth conditions 20 Head average width [cm] at low nitrogen growth conditions 21 Lower Ratio Average Grain Area, at Low 22 Nitrogen growth conditions Lower Ratio Average Grain Area at 23 Normal growth conditions Lower Ratio Average Grain Length at 24 Low Nitrogen growth conditions Lower Ratio Average Grain Length at 25 Normal growth conditions Lower Ratio Average Grain Perimeter at 26 Low Nitrogen growth conditions Lower Ratio Average Grain Perimeter at 27 Normal growth conditions Lower Ratio Average Grain Width at 28 Low N growth conditions Lower Ratio Average Grain Width at 29 Normal growth conditions Plant height [cm] at Drought growth conditions 30 Plant height [cm] at Normal growth conditions 31 Plant height [crn] at low nitrogen growth conditions 32 SPAD [SPAD unit] at Drought growth conditions 33 SPAD [SPAD unit] at Normal growth conditions 34 SPAD [SPAD unit] at low nitrogen growth conditions 35 Total seed weight per head (Grain yield) [gr.] at 36 Drought growth conditions Total seed weight per head (Grain yield) [gr.] at 37 Normal growth conditions Total seed weight per head (Grain yield) [gr.] at 38 low nitrogen growth conditions Upper Ratio Average Grain Area at 39 Drought growth conditions Upper Ratio Average Grain Area at 40 Low Nitrogen growth conditions Upper Ratio Average Grain Area at 41 Normal growth conditions Table 2. Provided are the Sorghum correlated parameters (vectors). “gr.” = grams; “SPAD” = chlorophyll levels; “FW Plants” = Plant Fresh weight; “normal” = standard growth conditions; “Low N” = Low Nitrogen conditions; “FW Heads” = fresh weight of the harvested heads was divided by the number of heads that were phenotyped; “Lower Ratio Average Grain Area” = grain area of the lower fraction of grains.

Experimental Results

17 different Sorghum hybrids were grown and characterized for different parameters (Table 2). The average for each of the measured parameters was calculated using the JMP software (Tables 3-8) and a subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Table 9). Results were then integrated to the database.

TABLE 3 Measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under normal conditions Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9  2 0.105 0.112 0.131 0.129 0.139 0.141 0.11 0.113 0.102  5 406.5 518 148 423 92 101.3 423.5 386.5 409.5  8 0.51 0.51 0.115 0.263 0.12 0.177 0.459 0.432 0.425 11 120.1 167.6 85.1 157.3 104 102.5 168.5 109.3 135.1 14 25.6 26.8 21 26.8 23.1 21.8 31.3 23.2 25.7 17 61.2 67.9 56.3 65.4 67.5 67.5 74.4 56.2 61.6 20 5.97 7.92 4.87 7.43 5.58 5.88 6.78 5.99 6.62 23 0.825 0.74 0.778 0.802 0.697 0.699 0.827 0.805 0.841 25 0.914 0.884 0.921 0.908 0.89 0.877 0.913 0.903 0.92 27 0.914 0.869 0.913 0.948 0.902 0.915 0.913 0.91 0.918 29 0.908 0.833 0.85 0.874 0.788 0.799 0.904 0.893 0.915 31 95.2 79.2 197.8 234.2 189.4 194.7 117.2 92.8 112.7 34 43 0 43.3 44.7 45.8 41.6 45.2 45.1 43 37 47.4 46.3 28.4 70.4 32.1 49.2 63.5 44.5 56.6 41 1.22 1.3 1.13 1.14 1.16 1.15 1.19 1.23 1.25 Table 3: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 4 Additional measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under normal growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 Line-15 Line-16 Line-17  2 0.118 0.121 0.111 0.117 0.108 0.105 0.11 0.105  5 328.9 391 435.8 429.5 441 415.8 429.5 428.5  8 0.442 0.458 0.447 0.447 0.513 0.46 0.442 0.386 11 169 156.1 112.1 154.7 171.7 168.5 162.5 170.5 14 28.8 28.1 23 28.1 30 30.5 27.2 29.3 17 71.4 68.6 56.4 67.8 71.5 78.9 67 74.1 20 7.42 6.98 6.19 7.02 7.18 7 7.39 7.35 23 0.788 0.765 0.803 0.806 0.821 0.814 0.818 0.817 25 0.923 0.893 0.913 0.907 0.911 0.904 0.903 0.913 27 0.93 0.911 0.916 0.904 0.912 0.905 0.909 0.905 29 0.854 0.863 0.885 0.898 0.905 0.91 0.902 0.899 31 97.5 98 100 105.6 151.2 117.1 124.5 126.5 34 45.6 44.8 45.3 46.5 44 45.1 45.1 43.1 37 60 45.5 58.2 70.6 70.1 54 59.9 52.6 41 1.24 1.32 1.22 1.18 1.18 1.22 1.25 1.22 Table 4: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = correlation.

TABLE 5 Measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under low nitrogen conditions Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9  3 0.105 0.111 0.136 0.121 0.141 0.134 0.119 0.117 0.116  6 388 428.7 297.7 280 208.3 303.7 436 376.3 474.7  9 0.505 0.506 0.166 0.391 0.21 0.192 0.476 0.375 0.42 12 96.2 214.7 98.6 182.8 119.6 110.2 172.4 84.8 156.3 15 23.2 25.6 20.9 28.4 24.3 22.6 32.1 20.4 26.7 18 56.3 79.2 53.2 76.2 67.3 59.5 79.3 51.5 69.9 21 5.26 10.41 5.93 8.25 6.19 6.12 6.8 5.25 7.52 22 0.815 0.77 0.81 0.793 0.78 0.799 0.834 0.788 0.806 24 0.91 0.9 0.921 0.898 0.908 0.926 0.918 0.89 0.901 26 0.901 0.884 0.915 0.897 0.919 0.918 0.916 0.891 0.898 28 0.901 0.852 0.893 0.88 0.863 0.871 0.91 0.888 0.899 32 104 80.9 204.7 125.4 225.4 208.1 121.4 100.3 121.1 35 38.3 39 42.3 40.9 43.1 39.9 42.7 43.3 39 38 50.3 50.9 36.1 73.1 37.9 36.4 71.7 35 76.7 40 1.18 1.31 1.11 1.21 1.19 1.18 1.16 1.23 1.17 Table 5: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = correlation.

TABLE 6 Additional measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under low nitrogen growth conditions Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 3 0.129 0.131 0.12 0.116 0.115 0.107 0.121 0.109 6 437.7 383 375 425 434 408.7 378.5 432 9 0.441 0.429 0.387 0.438 0.439 0.442 0.43 0.417 12 136.7 137.7 96.5 158.2 163.9 138.4 135.5 165.6 15 26.3 25.4 23.1 27.9 28.9 27.6 25.5 30.3 18 66.2 67.4 57.9 70.6 73.8 66.9 65.4 76 21 6.59 6.85 5.32 7.25 7.19 6.27 6.57 6.82 22 0.772 0.741 0.804 0.788 0.823 0.801 0.809 0.807 24 0.909 0.886 0.897 0.894 0.911 0.888 0.892 0.901 26 0.907 0.895 0.903 0.896 0.914 0.894 0.896 0.897 28 0.857 0.842 0.897 0.887 0.908 0.899 0.902 0.897 32 94.5 110 115.1 104.7 173.7 115.6 138.8 144.4 35 42.7 40.1 44 45.4 44.8 42.6 43.8 46.7 38 57.6 42.9 36.5 68.6 71.8 49.3 43.9 52.1 40 1.22 1.24 1.19 1.23 1.16 1.34 1.21 1.21 Table 6: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = correlation.

TABLE 7 Measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under drought conditions Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 1 0.099 0.115 0.106 0.094 0.09 0.114 4 154.9 122 130.5 241.1 69 186.4 62.1 39 58.9 7 0.419 0.472 0.419 0.374 0.228 0.314 0.41 0.437 0.404 10 83.1 107.8 88.7 135.9 90.8 124 86.1 85.2 113.1 13 21.6 21.9 21.6 22 21 28.6 21.3 20.8 24.7 16 52.8 64.5 56.6 64.4 53.2 71.7 55.6 53 69.8 19 4.83 6.31 5.16 7.78 5.28 5.49 5.04 5.07 5.77 30 89.4 75.7 92.1 94.3 150.8 110.7 99.2 84 99 33 40.6 40.9 45 42.3 45.2 40.6 44.8 45.1 40.6 36 22.1 16.8 9.2 104.4 3.2 22 10 18.6 29.3 39 1.31 1.19 1.29 1.46 1.21 1.21 Table 7: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under drought conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = correlation.

TABLE 8 Additional measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under drought growth conditions Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1 4 76.4 33.5 42.2 41.5 131.7 60.8 44.3 185.4 7 0.443 0.472 0.468 0.484 0.354 0.349 0.231 0.327 10 100.8 80.4 126.9 86.4 92.3 77.9 76.9 13 24.3 21.9 25 19.5 20.4 16.8 18.9 16 65.1 55.3 69.1 53.3 56.3 49.1 51.9 19 5.37 4.66 6.35 5.58 5.76 5.86 5.1 30 92.2 81.9 98.8 86.5 99.6 83 83.5 92.3 33 45.4 42.6 44.2 44.6 42.4 43.2 40.3 40.8 36 10.5 14.8 12.9 18.2 11.6 18.6 16.4 Table 8: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under drought conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = correlation.

TABLE 9 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under low nitrogen, normal or drought stress conditions across Sorghum accessions Corr. Gene Exp. Set Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGA17 0.80 5.71E−03 6 31 LGA17 0.79 6.36E−03 4 4 LGB14 0.72 1.80E−02 6 41 LGB14 0.75 1.17E−02 2 15 LGB14 0.84 2.62E−03 2 18 LGB14 0.84 2.54E−03 2 12 LGB14 0.80 5.06E−03 2 6 LGB14 0.76 1.07E−02 8 24 LGB15 0.84 2.46E−03 9 37 LGB15 0.77 8.63E−03 9 25 LGB15 0.71 2.15E−02 9 23 LGB15 0.73 1.76E−02 2 40 LGB15 0.73 2.69E−02 4 10 LGB16 0.84 2.15E−03 2 26 LGB16 0.78 8.37E−03 2 24 LGB16 0.80 5.55E−03 3 5 LGM11 0.79 6.74E−03 2 40 LGM11 0.89 5.34E−04 4 4 LGM11 0.86 3.17E−03 7 10 LGM11 0.80 9.12E−03 7 13 LGM11 0.83 6.10E−03 7 16 LGM12 0.75 1.20E−02 6 23 LGM17 0.98 1.62E−06 3 5 LGM23 0.72 1.85E−02 6 5 LGM23 0.81 4.36E−03 6 20 LGM23 0.71 2.16E−02 4 7 LGM23 0.77 8.53E−03 3 2 LGM23 0.87 2.09E−03 7 10 LGM23 0.82 6.79E−03 7 19 LGM23 0.78 1.27E−02 7 16 Table 9. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 2. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 1. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 3 Production of Sorghum Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Biomass, NUE, and ABST Related Parameters Measured in Semi-Hydroponics Conditions Using 44K Sorghum Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays

Sorghum vigor related parameters under high salinity (100 mM NaCl), low temperature (10±2° C.), low nitrogen conditions and normal growth conditions—Ten Sorghum hybrids were grown in 3 repetitive plots, each containing 17 plants, at a net house under semi-hydroponics conditions. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows: Sorghum seeds were sown in trays filled with a mix of vermiculite and peat in a 1:1 ratio. Following germination, the trays were transferred to normal growth conditions (Full Hoagland containing 16 mM Nitrogen solution, at 28±2 ° C.), high salinity conditions (100 mM NaCl in addition to the Full Hoagland solution), low temperature conditions (10±2° C. in the presence of Full Hoagland solution), or low nitrogen conditions (the amount of total nitrogen was reduced in 90% from the full Hoagland solution (i.e., to a final concentration of 10% from full Hoagland solution, final amount of 1.2 mM Nitrogen). All plants were grown at 28±2° C. except where otherwise indicated (i.e., in the low temperature conditions).

Full Hoagland solution consists of: KNO₃—0.808 grams/liter, MgSO₄—0.12 grams/liter, KH₂PO₄—0.172 grams/liter and 0.01% (volume/volume) of ‘Super coratin’ micro elements (Iron-EDDHA [ethylenediamine-N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid)]—40.5 grams/liter; Mn—20.2 grams/liter; Zn 10.1 grams/liter; Co 1.5 grams/liter; and Mo 1.1 grams/liter), solution's pH should be 6.5-6.8].

Analyzed Sorghum tissues—All 10 selected Sorghum hybrids were sampled per each treatment. Three tissues [leaves, meristems and roots] growing at 100 mM NaCl, low temperature (10±2° C.), low Nitrogen (1.2 mM Nitrogen) or under Normal conditions were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 10 below.

TABLE 10 Sorghum transcriptome expression sets under semi hydroponics conditions Set Expression Set ID root at vegetative stage (V4-V5) under cold conditions 1 root vegetative stage (V4-V5) under normal conditions 2 root vegetative stage (V4-V5) under low nitrogen conditions 3 root vegetative stage (V4-V5) under salinity conditions 4 vegetative meristem at vegetative stage (V4-Y5) 5 under cold conditions vegetative meristem at vegetative stage (V4-V5) 6 under low nitrogen conditions vegetative meristem at vegetative stage (V4-V5) 7 under salinity conditions vegetative meristem at vegetative stage (V4-V5) 8 under normal conditions Table 10: Provided are the Sorghum transcriptome expression sets as determined using the semihydroponic assay conditions. The growth conditions and the tested tissue are described. “Cold” = Cold growth conditions at 10 ± 2° C.; “NaCl”-salinity stress growth conditions at 100 mM NaCl; “low nitrogen” = nitrogen deficient conditions at 1.2 mM Nitrogen; “Normal” = Normal growth conditions at 16 mM Nitrogen.

Sorghum Biomass, Vigor, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Growth-Related Components

Root DW [gr.]—At the end of the experiment, the root material was collected, measured and divided by the number of plants.

Shoot DW [gr.]—At the end of the experiment, the shoot material (without roots) was collected, measured and divided by the number of plants.

Total biomass [gr.]—total biomass including roots and shoots.

Leaf num [number]—number of opened leaves.

RGR Leaf Number—calculated based on Formula VIII above.

Shoot/Root ratio—calculated based on Formula XXX above.

NUE per total biomass—nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of total biomass (including roots and shoots).

NUE per root biomass—nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of root biomass.

NUE per shoot biomass—nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of shoot biomass.

Percent of reduction of root biomass compared to normal—the difference (reduction in percent) between root biomass under normal and under low nitrogen conditions.

Percent of reduction of shoot biomass compared to normal—the difference (reduction in percent) between shoot biomass under normal and under low nitrogen conditions.

Percent of reduction of total biomass compared to normal—the difference (reduction in percent) between total biomass (shoot and root) under normal and under low nitrogen conditions.

Plant height [cm]—Plants were characterized for height during growing period at 5 time points. In each measure, plants were measured for their height using a measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the longest leaf.

SPAD [SPAD unit]—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed 64 days post sowing. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.

Root Biomass [DW, gr.]/SPAD—root biomass divided by SPAD results.

Shoot Biomass [DW, gr.]/SPAD—shoot biomass divided by SPAD results.

Total Biomass (Root+Shoot) [DW, gr.]/SPAD—total biomass divided by SPAD results.

Plant nitrogen level—The chlorophyll content of leaves is a good indicator of the nitrogen plant status since the degree of leaf greenness is highly correlated to this parameter. Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at time of flowering. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaves. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.

Experimental Results

10 different Sorghum hybrids were grown and characterized for various biomass and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) parameters as described in Table 11 below. The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Table 12-19 below. Subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Table 20). Results were then integrated to the database.

TABLE 11 Sorghum correlated parameters (vectors) Corr. Correlated parameter with ID Leaf num [number] at 100 mM NaCl growth conditions 1 Leaf num [number], Cold growth conditions 2 Leaf num [number], Normal growth conditions 3 Leaf num [number], low nitrogen growth conditions 4 NUE per root biomass, Normal growth conditions 5 NUE per root biomass, low nitrogen growth conditions 6 NUE per shoot biomass, Normal growth conditions 7 NUE per shoot biomass, low nitrogen growth conditions 8 NUE per total biomass, Normal growth conditions 9 NUE per total biomass, low nitrogen growth conditions 10 Percent of reduction of root biomass compared to normal [%], low 11 nitrogen growth conditions Percent of reduction of shoot biomass compared to normal [%] at 12 low nitrogen growth conditions Percent of reduction of total biomass compared to normal [%] at 13 low nitrogen growth conditions Plant height [cm] at 100 mM NaCl growth conditions 14 Plant height [cm] at Cold growth conditions 15 Plant height [cm] at Normal growth conditions 16 Plant height [cm] at low nitrogen growth conditions 17 RGR Leaf Num [number] at Normal growth conditions 18 Root Biomass DW [gr.]/SPAD at 100 mM NaCl growth conditions 19 Root Biomass DW [gr.]/SPAD at Cold growth conditions 20 Root Biomass DW [gr.]/SPAD at Normal growth conditions 21 Root Biomass DW [gr.]/SPAD at low nitrogen growth conditions 22 Root DW [gr.] at 100 mM NaCl growth conditions 23 Root DW [gr.] at Cold growth conditions 24 Root DW [gr.] at Normal growth conditions 25 Root DW [gr.] at low nitrogen growth conditions 26 Shoot Biomass DW [gr.]/SPAD at 100 mM 27 NaCl growth conditions Shoot Biomass DW [gr.]/SPAD at Cold growth conditions 28 Shoot Biomass DW [gr.]/SPAD at Normal growth conditions 29 Shoot Biomass DW [gr.]/SPAD at low nitrogen growth conditions 30 Shoot DW [gr.] at 100 mM NaCl growth conditions 31 Shoot DW [gr.] at Cold growth conditions 32 Shoot DW [gr.] at Normal growth conditions 33 Shoot DW [gr] at low nitrogen growth conditions 34 Shoot/Root ratio at Normal growth conditions 35 Shoot/Root ratio at low nitrogen growth conditions 36 SPAD [SPAD unit] at 100 mM NaCl growth conditions 37 SPAD [SPAD unit] at Cold growth conditions 38 SPAD [SPAD unit] at Normal growth conditions 39 SPAD [SPAD unit] at low nitrogen growth conditions 40 Total Biomass (Root + Shoot) DW [gr.]/SPAD at 41 100 mM NaCl growth conditions Total Biomass (Root + Shoot) DW [gr.]/SPAD at 42 Cold growth conditions Total Biomass (Root + Shoot) DW [gr.]/SPAD at 43 Normal growthconditions Total Biomass (Root + Shoot) DW [gr.]/SPAD at 44 low nitrogen growth conditions Table 11: Provided are the Sorghum correlated parameters. Cold conditions = 10 ± 2° C.; NaCl = 100 mM NaCl; Low nitrogen = 1.2 mM Nitrogen; Normal conditions = 16 mM Nitrogen; “Corr” = correlation.

TABLE 12 Sorghum accessions, measured parameters under low nitrogen growth conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 4 3.9 4.27 4.7 4.23 4.3 17 13.3 20.6 23.7 18 19.3 16 22.2 31.1 34.7 30 30.8 26 0.044 0.108 0.202 0.104 0.078 40 26.9 28 29.6 31.5 29.6 34 0.082 0.187 0.328 0.163 0.163 6 9.6 23.5 43.9 22.6 16.9 8 17.9 40.6 71.4 35.4 35.3 10 27.5 64.1 115.2 58 52.2 11 84.5 81 117 100.5 72.5 12 81.6 79.2 104.8 103.5 83.7 13 82.6 79.8 109.1 102.3 79.7 22 0.0017 0.0039 0.0068 0.0033 0.0026 30 0.0031 0.0067 0.0111 0.0052 0.0055 36 1.87 1.71 1.73 1.57 2.1 44 0.0047 0.0105 0.0179 0.0085 0.0081 Table 12: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr” = correlation.

TABLE 13 Additional calculated parameters in sorghum accessions, measured parameters under low nitrogen growth conditions Line Corr. ID Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 4 4.57 4.63 4.67 3.97 4.1 17 19.2 21.9 22.1 18.2 21 16 29.9 30.9 32.4 29.4 30.7 26 0.086 0.13 0.094 0.086 0.092 40 26.8 28.5 28.2 30.5 27.6 34 0.156 0.259 0.199 0.13 0.184 6 12.4 28.2 20.5 18.8 20.1 8 22.7 56.4 43.2 28.3 39.9 10 35.1 84.6 63.7 47 60 11 71.8 93.5 76.1 86.8 80.5 12 83.2 107.7 81.4 70.3 75.9 13 78.8 102.5 79.6 76.1 77.4 22 0.0032 0.0046 0.0033 0.0028 0.0033 30 0.0058 0.0091 0.007 0.0043 0.0066 36 1.81 2.06 2.1 1.5 2 44 0.009 0.0137 0.0104 0.0071 0.01 Table 13: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr” = correlation.

TABLE 14 Sorghum accessions, measured parameters under salinity growth conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 1 4 4.13 4.57 4.43 4.07 14 21.8 23.2 30.4 22.8 23.7 23 0.05 0.104 0.124 0.069 0.076 37 32.7 35.1 28 30.9 34.5 31 0.094 0.186 0.202 0.137 0.13 19 0.0015 0.003 0.0044 0.0022 0.0022 27 0.0029 0.0053 0.0072 0.0044 0.0038 41 0.0044 0.0083 0.0116 0.0067 0.006 Table 14: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under salinity (100 mM NaCl) growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr” = correlation.

TABLE 15 Additional calculated parameters in sorghum accessions, measured parameters under salinity growth conditions Line Corr. ID Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 1 4.33 4.13 4.5 3.78 4.2 14 23.3 22.5 26.8 20.3 23.6 23 0.075 0.135 0.095 0.165 0.139 37 30 32.1 31.9 32.5 34.3 31 0.133 0.154 0.189 0.099 0.124 19 0.0025 0.0042 0.003 0.0051 0.004 27 0.0044 0.0048 0.0059 0.0031 0.0036 41 0.0069 0.009 0.0089 0.0081 0.0077 Table 15: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under salinity (100 mM NaCl) growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr” = correlation.

TABLE 16 Sorghum accessions, measured parameters under cold growth conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 2 4.73 5.33 5.43 5.5 5.33 15 11.2 15.9 18.4 12.2 16 24 0.068 0.108 0.163 0.093 0.084 38 28.6 30.3 27 32.3 28.3 32 0.078 0.154 0.189 0.112 0.13 20 0.0024 0.0036 0.006 0.0029 0.003 28 0.0027 0.0051 0.007 0.0035 0.0046 42 0.0051 0.0087 0.013 0.0064 0.0076 Table 16: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under cold growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr” = correlation.

TABLE 17 Additional calculated parameters in sorghum accessions, measured parameters under cold growth conditions Line Corr. ID Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 2 5.07 4.5 5.4 5.37 5.18 15 14.6 14.6 17.3 13.4 13.9 24 0.114 0.137 0.127 0.108 0.139 38 29.9 32.5 28.6 31.7 29.6 32 0.165 0.152 0.15 0.112 0.141 20 0.0038 0.0042 0.0044 0.0034 0.0047 28 0.0055 0.0047 0.0052 0.0035 0.0048 42 0.0093 0.0089 0.0097 0.0069 0.0095 Table 17: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under cold growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr” = correlation.

TABLE 18 Sorghum accessions, measured parameters under regular growth conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 3 5.33 5.87 6.2 5.8 5.8 18 0.155 0.186 0.159 0.173 0.171 25 0.052 0.134 0.172 0.103 0.107 39 26.7 29.3 29.9 29.1 25 33 0.101 0.236 0.313 0.158 0.194 5 0.86 2.19 2.83 1.69 1.76 7 1.65 3.87 5.14 2.58 3.18 9 2.51 6.06 7.96 4.28 4.94 21 0.002 0.0046 0.0058 0.0036 0.0043 29 0.0038 0.008 0.0105 0.0054 0.0078 35 1.98 1.94 1.9 1.59 1.81 43 0.0057 0.0126 0.0163 0.009 0.0121 Table 18: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under regular growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr” = correlation.

TABLE 19 Additional measured parameters under regular growth conditions Line Corr. ID Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 3 5.73 5.73 6 5.6 6.07 18 0.168 0.174 0.171 0.174 0.204 25 0.12 0.139 0.124 0.099 0.115 39 24.6 30.8 25.5 32.9 33.5 33 0.188 0.241 0.244 0.185 0.242 5 1.96 2.27 2.04 1.09 1.88 7 3.08 3.95 4 2.02 3.97 9 5.04 6.22 6.04 3.11 5.85 21 0.0049 0.0045 0.0049 0.003 0.0034 29 0.0076 0.0078 0.0096 0.0056 0.0072 35 1.58 1.76 1.99 1.89 2.2 43 0.0125 0.0123 0.0144 0.0086 0.0106 Table 19: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under regular growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr” = correlation.

TABLE 20 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under low nitrogen, normal, cold or salinity stress conditions across Sorghum accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGA17 0.79 1.06E−02 5 32 LGA17 0.86 2.99E−03 5 28 LGA17 0.81 7.98E−03 5 15 LGA17 0.82 7.36E−03 5 42 LGA17 0.72 2.90E−02 5 20 LGB14 0.73 6.20E−02 3 13 LGM11 0.70 3.54E−02 5 32 LGM11 0.82 6.43E−03 5 28 LGM11 0.82 7.23E−03 5 15 LGM11 0.77 1.44E−02 5 42 LGM11 0.72 2.99E−02 8 25 LGM12 0.77 1.58E−02 5 38 LGM17 0.96 5.29E−04 3 6 LGM17 0.79 3.33E−02 3 16 LGM17 0.92 3.39E−03 3 10 LGM17 0.86 1.30E−02 3 8 LGM17 0.75 5.18E−02 3 34 LGM17 0.75 5.12E−02 3 17 LGM17 0.80 2.99E−02 3 22 LGM17 0.88 8.30E−03 3 26 LGM17 0.83 2.18E−02 3 12 LGM17 0.70 7.70E−02 3 44 LGM23 0.87 2.04E−03 6 6 LGM23 0.86 2.79E−03 6 10 LGM23 0.84 4.77E−03 6 8 LGM23 0.84 4.77E−03 6 34 LGM23 0.82 6.62E−03 6 30 LGM23 0.88 1.76E−03 6 22 LGM23 0.87 2.04E−03 6 26 LGM23 0.85 3.41E−03 6 44 LGM23 0.71 3.31E−02 7 23 Table 20. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 11. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 10. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 4 Production of Maize Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield and NUE Related Parameters Using 60K Maize Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a maize oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 60,000 maize genes and transcripts.

Correlation of Maize Hybrids Across Ecotypes Grown Under Low Nitrogen Conditions

Experimental Procedures

Twelve Maize hybrids were grown in 3 repetitive plots in field. Maize seeds were planted and plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols (normal growth conditions), which included 485 m³ water per dunam (1000 square meters) per entire growth period and fertilization of 30 units of URAN® 21% fertilization per dunam per entire growth period. For nitrogen deficient assays, the growth conditions included 50% percent less Nitrogen as compared to the amount of nitrogen provided under the normal conditions. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with NUE and yield components or vigor related parameters, the 12 different maize hybrids were analyzed. Among them, 11 hybrids encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].

Analyzed Maize tissues—All 11 selected maize hybrids were sampled per each treatment (low Nitrogen and normal conditions), in three time points: TP2=V6-V8 (six to eight collar leaves are visible, rapid growth phase and kernel row determination begins; TP5=R1-R2 (silking-blister); and TP6=R3-R4 (milk-dough). Four types of plant tissues [Ear, flag leaf indicated in Table as leaf, grain distal part, and internode] were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Tables 21-22 below.

TABLE 21 Maize transcriptome expression sets under low nitrogen conditions Set Expression Set ID Ear under low nitrogen conditions at reproductive stage: R1-R2 1 Ear under low nitrogen conditions at reproductive stage: R3-R4 2 Internode under low nitrogen conditions at vegetative stage: V6-V8 3 Internode under low nitrogen conditions at reproductive stage: R1-R2 4 Internode under low nitrogen conditions at reproductive stage: R3-R4 5 Leaf under low nitrogen conditions at vegetative stage: V6-V8 6 Leaf under low nitrogen conditions at reproductive stage: R1-R2 7 Leaf under low nitrogen conditions at reproductive stage: R3-R4 8 Table 21: Provided are the maize transcriptome expression sets under low nitrogen (N) growth conditions Leaf = the leaf below the main ear; Ear = the female flower at the anthesis day; Internodes = internodes located above and below the main ear in the plant. “TP” = time point.

TABLE 22 Maize transcriptome expression sets under normal growth conditions Set Expression Set ID Ear at R1-R2 stage under normal conditions 1 Grain distal at R4-R5 stage under normal conditions 2 Internode at R3-R4 stage under normal conditions 3 Leaf at R1-R2 stage under normal conditions 4 Ear at R3-R4 stage under normal conditions 5 Internode at R1-R2 stage under normal conditions 6 Internode at V6-V8 stage under normal conditions 7 Leaf at V6-V8 stage under normal conditions 8 Table 22: Provided are the maize transcriptome expression sets under normal growth conditions. Leaf = the leaf below the main ear; Ear = the female flower at the anthesis day. Grain Distal = maize developing grains from the cob extreme area; Internodes = internodes located above and below the main ear in the plant. “R1-R2” = silking-blister stages (reproductive stage, early grain development); “R3-R4” = milk-dough (reproductive development, grain filling stages); “R4-R5” = dough-dent stage (grain filling stages); “V6-V8” = vegetative stages, the collar of the 6-8 leaf is visible.

The following parameters were collected using digital imaging system:

Grain Area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the ear. A sample of ˜200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Grain Length and Grain width (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the ear. A sample of ˜200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths/or width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Ear Area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period 5 ears were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The Ear area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of Ears.

Ear Length (cm) and Ear Width (mm)—At the end of the growing period 5 ears were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The Ear length and width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ears.

The image processing system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing software, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, image processing output data for seed area and seed length was saved to text files and analyzed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Additional parameters were collected either by sampling 6 plants per plot or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot.

Normalized Grain Weight per plant (kg)—At the end of the experiment all ears from plots within blocks A-C were collected. Six ears were separately threshed and grains were weighted, all additional ears were threshed together and weighted as well. The average grain weight per ear was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by number of total ears per plot (based on plot). In case of 6 ears, the total grains weight of 6 ears was divided by 6.

Ear FW (kg)—At the end of the experiment (when ears were harvested) total and 6 selected ears per plots within blocks A-C were collected separately. The plants (total and 6) were weighted (gr.) separately and the average ear per plant was calculated for total (Ear FW per plot) and for 6 plants (Ear FW per plant).

Plant height and Ear height [cm]—Plants were characterized for height at harvesting. In each measure, 6 plants were measured for their height using a measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the plant below the tassel. Ear height was measured from the ground level to the place were the main ear is located.

Leaf number per plant [number]—Plants were characterized for leaf number during growing period at 5 time points. In each measure, plants were measured for their leaf number by counting all the leaves of 3 selected plants per plot.

Relative Growth Rate was calculated using Formula VII (described above).

SPAD [SPAD unit]—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at early stages of grain filling (R1-R2) and late stage of grain filling (R3-R4). SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaves. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot. Data were taken after 46 and 54 days after (post) sowing (DPS).

Dry weight per plant [kg]—At the end of the experiment (when inflorescence were dry) all vegetative material from plots within blocks A-C were collected.

Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours.

Harvest Index (HI) (Maize)—The harvest index per plant was calculated using Formula XVII (described above).

Percent Filled Ear [%]—was calculated as the percentage of the Ear area with grains out of the total ear.

Cob diameter [mm]—The diameter of the cob without grains was measured using a ruler.

Kernel Row Number per Ear [number]—The number of rows in each ear was counted.

Experimental Results

Twelve different maize hybrids were grown and characterized for different parameters. Tables 23-24 describe the Maize correlated parameters. The average for each of the measured parameters was calculated using the JMP software (Tables 25-28) and a subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Tables 29-30). Results were then integrated to the database.

TABLE 23 Maize correlated parameters (vectors) under low nitrogen conditions Corr. Correlated parameter with ID Dry weight per plant [kg] at low nitrogen growth conditions 1 Ear height [cm] at low nitrogen growth conditions 2 Ear Length [cm] at low nitrogen growth conditions 3 Ear width [mm] at low nitrogen growth conditions 4 Kernel Row Number per Ear [num] at 5 low nitrogen growth conditions Leaf number per plant TP1 [num] at 6 low nitrogen growth conditions Leaf number per plant TP2 [num] at 7 low nitrogen growth conditions Leaf number per plant TP3 [num] at 8 low nitrogen growth conditions Leaf number per plant TP4 [num] at 9 low nitrogen growth conditions Leaf number per plant TP5 [num] at 10 low nitrogen growth conditions Plant height [cm] at low 11 nitrogen growth conditions SPAD R1-R2 [SPAD unit] at low 12 nitrogen growth conditions SPAD R3-R4 [SPAD unit] at low 13 nitrogen growth conditions Table 23. “cm” = centimeters; “mm” = millimeters; “kg” = kilograms; SPAD at R1-R2 and SPAD R3-R4 = Chlorophyll level after early and late stages of grain filling. “R1-R2” = silking-blister stages (reproductive stage, early grain development); “R3-R4” = milk-dough (reproductive development, grain filling stages).

TABLE 24 Maize correlated parameters (vectors) under normal conditions Corr. Correlated parameter with ID Dry weight per plant [kg] at Normal growth conditions  1 Ear height [cm] at Normal growth conditions  2 Ear Length [cm] at Normal growth conditions  3 Ear Width [mm] at Normal growth conditions  4 Kernel Row Number per Ear [num] at  5 Normal growth conditions Leaf number per plant TP1 [num] at  6 Normal growth conditions Leaf number per plant TP2 [num] at  7 Normal growth conditions Leaf number per plant TP3 [num] at  8 Normal growth conditions Leaf number per plant TP4 [num] at  9 Normal growth conditions Leaf number per plant TP5 [num] at 10 Normal growth conditions Plant height [cm] at Normal growth conditions 11 SPAD [SPAD unit] at Normal growth conditions 12 Table 24. “cm” = centimeters; “mm” = millimeters; “kg” = kilograms; SPAD: Chlorophyll level after early and late stages of grain filling; “dunam” = 1000 m².

TABLE 25 Measured parameters in Maize accessions under Low nitrogen conditions Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 1 1.59 1.43 1.53 1.95 1.48 1.6 3 20.6 21 20.2 20.1 20.1 18.5 2 158.1 136.2 128.4 133.1 137.8 99.6 4 46.7 48.2 48.3 49.9 52.9 47.4 5 14.2 15.2 15 15.7 16 15.9 6 6.5 7.86 7.67 7.17 4.97 8.61 7 8.22 8.28 8.56 8.22 7.61 10.44 8 9.7 10.3 10.4 10.4 7.9 11.2 9 11.2 11.6 12.1 11.5 8.9 11.8 10 12.7 12.4 14.4 13.1 12.2 14.3 11 305.8 270.9 290.6 252.2 260.2 227.2 12 60.2 57.9 58.8 59.5 58.5 64 13 59.3 57.6 58.4 59.2 58.2 62.7 Table 25. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (line) under low nitrogen gowth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 26 Additional parameters in Maize accessions under Low nitrogen conditions Corr. Line ID Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11  1 1.58 1.28 1.51 0.43 1.52  2 19.1 18.2 20.1 17.8 21.2  3 130.2 114.6 143.9 61.6 114.4  4 49.6 48.6 52.4 42.6 50  5 15.6 14.5 16.4 14.4 15.7  6 7.5 8.39 5.21 7.44 7.78  7 8.06 8.61 6.61 8.11 8.78  8 10.1 11.6 7.7 10.4 10.9  9 11.4 12.3 8.9 11.1 12.1 10 13.6 14.9 11.6 11.7 14.9 11 271.7 248.6 279.3 171.3 269.8 12 56.4 60 58.3 53.1 61.7 13 61 59.9 57.5 49.6 61.9 Table 26. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (line) under low nitrogen growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 27 Measured parameters in Maize accessions under normal growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 1 1.27 1.3 1.33 1.5 1.3 1.58 3 19.9 20.2 18.1 19.9 19.5 17.7 4 51.1 46.3 45.9 47.6 51.4 47.4 2 130.3 122.3 127.7 113 135.3 94.3 5 16.1 14.7 15.4 15.9 16.2 15.2 6 5.67 7.83 7.61 7.11 5.11 7.94 7 7.33 8.83 9.5 8.94 7.11 10.06 8 8.4 10.3 10.8 10.4 7.9 11.8 9 9.4 11.1 11.8 11.3 9 11.4 10 12.4 12.8 14.2 13.4 12.8 14 11 273.5 260.5 288 238.5 286.9 224.8 12 59.9 60.9 56.9 58.7 58.7 63.2 Table 27. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (line) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 28 Additional measured parameters in Maize accessions under normal growth conditions Corr. Line Id Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11  1 1.42 1.37 1.7 0.42 11.38  2 17.7 17.3 17.5 19.9 20.5  3 47.3 46.8 48.3 41.8 49.3  4 120.9 107.7 139.7 60.4 112.5  5 16 14.8 17.7 14.3 15.4  6 7.5 8 5.33 7.11 7.67  7 9.22 9.67 7.39 8.89 9.22  8 10.8 11.5 8.7 10.6 11.3  9 11.2 11.8 9.3 10.8 12 10 13.3 14.3 12.8 11.6 14.6 11 264.4 251.6 279 163.8 278.4 12 59.8 62.4 57.2 49.3 61.9 Table 28. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (line) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 29 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under low nitrogen conditions across maize accessions Corr. Gene Exp. Set Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGB7 0.80 3.06E−02 1 2 LGB7 0.88 8.45E−03 1 4 LGB7 0.74 5.56E−02 1 11 LGB7 0.84 1.84E−02 1 1 LGB7 0.75 5.22E−02 4 7 LGB7 0.90 5.63E−03 4 8 LGB7 0.73 6.18E−02 4 13 LGB7 0.89 7.82E−03 4 12 LGB7 0.74 5.79E−02 4 6 LGB8 0.73 6.11E−02 1 2 LGB8 0.78 3.96E−02 1 4 LGB8 0.73 1.66E−02 3 2 LGM14 0.74 5.76E−02 1 8 LGM14 0.73 6.35E−02 1 2 LGM14 0.81 2.73E−02 1 13 LGM14 0.72 7.07E−02 1 12 LGM14 0.75 5.22E−02 1 9 LGM14 0.72 6.89E−02 1 4 LGM14 0.80 3.17E−02 1 11 LGM14 0.74 5.84E−02 1 6 LGM14 0.93 6.62E−03 6 2 LGM14 0.75 3.22E−02 7 2 LGM14 0.83 1.16E−02 7 9 LGM14 0.76 2.92E−02 7 4 LGM14 0.79 1.93E−02 7 11 LGM14 0.73 4.16E−02 7 10 LGM14 0.77 4.19E−02 4 2 LGM16 0.76 4.93E−02 1 2 LGM16 0.76 4.87E−02 1 13 LGM16 0.79 3.36E−02 1 9 LGM16 0.81 2.66E−02 1 4 LGM16 0.81 2.57E−02 1 11 LGM16 0.82 2.29E−02 1 1 LGM16 0.77 4.31E−02 1 10 LGM19 0.92 3.18E−03 1 13 LGM19 0.79 3.35E−02 1 12 LGM19 0.73 6.16E−02 1 9 LGM19 0.79 3.51E−02 1 3 LGM19 0.89 7.42E−03 1 10 LGM19 0.81 8.30E−03 5 2 LGM19 0.77 1.42E−02 5 11 LGM19 0.83 3.91E−02 6 9 LGM19 0.78 6.83E−02 6 10 LGM19 0.71 2.10E−02 3 13 LGM19 0.75 3.29E−02 8 2 LGM19 0.88 4.19E−03 8 13 LGM19 0.91 1.45E−03 8 12 LGM19 0.85 7.98E−03 8 10 LGM19 0.73 3.84E−02 7 12 LGM19 0.70 5.19E−02 7 1 LGM19 0.78 4.05E−02 4 2 LGM19 0.81 2.78E−02 4 12 LGM19 0.73 6.42E−02 4 11 LGM21 0.78 1.39E−02 5 7 LGM21 0.82 4.75E−02 6 2 LGM21 0.77 7.32E−02 6 11 LGM21 0.88 4.21E−03 2 1 LGM21 0.86 1.29E−02 4 7 LGM21 0.77 4.19E−02 4 8 LGM21 0.88 8.23E−03 4 12 LGM21 0.82 2.55E−02 4 6 LGM4 0.72 1.09E−01 6 8 LGM4 0.73 1.00E−01 6 10 LGM4 0.73 1.75E−02 3 8 LGM4 0.71 2.03E−02 3 9 LGM4 0.92 1.90E−04 3 10 LGM4 0.73 3.87E−02 2 13 LGM4 0.70 5.13E−02 2 9 LGM4 0.84 8.67E−03 2 10 LGM4 0.77 4.46E−02 4 9 LGM4 0.77 4.48E−02 4 10 LGM5 0.79 3.50E−02 1 10 LGM5 0.75 2.02E−02 5 1 LGM5 0.74 3.39E−02 8 5 LGM7 0.86 2.76E−02 6 3 LGM7 0.71 4.77E−02 8 6 LGM8 0.74 5.86E−02 1 13 LGM8 0.70 7.72E−02 1 12 LGM8 0.85 1.59E−02 1 10 LGM8 0.71 1.12E−01 6 4 LGM8 0.81 4.91E−02 6 3 LGM8 0.80 1.65E−02 7 8 LGM8 0.79 3.62E−02 4 13 LGM8 0.72 6.69E−02 4 9 LGM9 0.79 3.30E−02 1 9 LGM9 0.80 3.00E−02 1 10 LGM9 0.80 5.72E−02 6 4 LGM9 0.76 1.09E−02 3 8 LGM9 0.76 2.70E−02 8 7 LGM9 0.74 3.72E−02 7 8 LGM9 0.74 5.97E−02 4 8 Table 29. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 23. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 21. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 30 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions across maize accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGB8 0.85 1.46E−02 1 6 LGB8 0.81 2.59E−02 1 12 LGB8 0.73 6.52E−02 1 7 LGB8 0.73 9.92E−02 5 2 LGB8 0.83 4.00E−02 5 5 LGB8 0.72 4.47E−02 2 3 LGB8 0.81 1.46E−02 2 4 LGB8 0.72 4.30E−02 3 12 LGM14 0.71 7.39E−02 1 6 LGM14 0.79 3.31E−02 1 12 LGM14 0.87 1.19E−02 1 2 LGM14 0.82 2.50E−02 1 11 LGM14 0.74 3.58E−02 2 10 LGM14 0.82 1.24E−02 2 1 LGM14 0.83 2.20E−02 4 2 LGM14 0.73 6.07E−02 4 11 LGM14 0.73 6.42E−02 6 12 LGM14 0.74 5.75E−02 6 2 LGM16 0.78 3.84E−02 1 8 LGM16 0.81 2.83E−02 1 1 LGM16 0.78 3.83E−02 1 11 LGM16 0.86 1.32E−02 1 7 LGM16 0.72 6.58E−02 1 4 LGM16 0.73 3.89E−02 2 5 LGM16 0.71 7.60E−02 6 10 LGM16 0.78 4.00E−02 6 5 LGM16 0.71 3.16E−02 7 4 LGM19 0.91 4.55E−03 1 10 LGM19 0.88 8.43E−03 1 12 LGM19 0.71 7.18E−02 1 5 LGM19 0.76 4.68E−02 1 9 LGM19 0.93 2.17E−03 1 4 LGM19 0.74 9.35E−02 5 1 LGM19 0.81 1.58E−02 2 10 LGM19 0.75 1.27E−02 8 10 LGM19 0.92 1.62E−04 8 12 LGM19 0.80 3.21E−02 4 5 LGM19 0.76 4.94E−02 4 4 LGM19 0.74 3.70E−02 3 12 LGM19 0.76 4.87E−02 6 10 LGM19 0.74 5.57E−02 6 12 LGM19 0.87 1.06E−02 6 5 LGM19 0.95 1.07E−03 6 4 LGM19 0.85 3.94E−03 7 12 LGM21 0.74 5.73E−02 1 10 LGM21 0.80 3.05E−02 1 12 LGM21 0.84 1.79E−02 1 2 LGM21 0.79 3.53E−02 1 11 LGM21 0.74 5.49E−02 1 4 LGM21 0.75 8.73E−02 5 4 LGM21 0.74 2.22E−02 7 5 LGM21 0.76 1.65E−02 7 4 LGM4 0.85 1.55E−02 1 1 LGM4 0.71 7.26E−02 1 9 LGM4 0.70 7.92E−02 1 4 LGM4 0.76 7.90E−02 5 12 LGM4 0.85 7.48E−03 2 2 LGM4 0.89 2.96E−03 2 11 LGM4 0.81 4.59E−03 8 1 LGM4 0.74 5.57E−02 4 8 LGM4 0.77 4.32E−02 4 6 LGM4 0.72 6.58E−02 4 12 LGM4 0.75 3.15E−02 3 12 LGM4 0.71 7.63E−02 6 8 LGM4 0.72 6.65E−02 6 10 LGM4 0.76 4.95E−02 6 1 LGM4 0.70 7.73E−02 6 9 LGM4 0.70 7.90E−02 6 4 LGM4 0.83 6.19E−03 7 10 LGM4 0.71 3.22E−02 7 6 LGM4 0.78 1.23E−02 7 9 LGM5 0.88 8.20E−03 1 8 LGM5 0.93 2.53E−03 1 7 LGM5 0.76 7.66E−02 5 6 LGM5 0.74 9.15E−02 5 9 LGM5 0.74 8.97E−02 5 7 LGM5 0.85 1.49E−02 4 1 LGM5 0.81 8.53E−03 7 4 LGM7 0.81 2.59E−02 1 6 LGM7 0.82 2.27E−02 1 7 LGM7 0.73 1.01E−01 5 2 LGM7 0.71 4.72E−02 2 10 LGM8 0.72 6.84E−02 1 8 LGM8 0.73 6.09E−02 1 10 LGM8 0.71 7.39E−02 1 6 LGM8 0.73 6.04E−02 1 9 LGM8 0.70 7.79E−02 1 7 LGM8 0.81 5.17E−02 5 1 LGM8 0.79 2.00E−02 3 10 LGM8 0.72 6.83E−02 6 10 LGM8 0.86 1.26E−02 6 6 LGM8 0.75 5.25E−02 6 12 Table 30. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 24. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 22. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 5 Production of Maize Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield and NUE Related Parameters Using 44K Maize Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a maize oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent (dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 45,000 maize genes and transcripts.

Correlation of Maize Hybrids Across Ecotypes Grown Under Regular Growth Conditions

Experimental Procedures

Twelve Maize hybrids were grown in 3 repetitive plots, in field. Maize seeds were planted and plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols (normal growth conditions), which included 485 m³ water per dunam (1000 square meters) per entire growth period and fertilization of 30 units of URAN® 21% fertilization per dunam per entire growth period. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with stress and yield components or vigor related parameters, the 12 different maize hybrids were analyzed. Among them, 10 hybrids encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters were analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].

Analyzed Maize tissues—All 10 selected maize hybrids were sampled in three time points (TP2=V2-V3 (when two to three collar leaf are visible, rapid growth phase and kernel row determination begins), TP5=R1-R2 (silking-blister), TP6=R3-R4 (milk-dough). Four types of plant tissues [Ear, flag leaf indicated in Table as leaf, grain distal part, and internode] were sampled and RNA was extracted as described in “GENERAL EXPERIMENTAL AND BIOINFORMATICS METHODS”. For convenience, each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 31 below.

TABLE 31 Maize transcriptome expression sets under normal growth conditions Set Expression Set ID Ear under normal conditions at reproductive stage: R1-R2 1 Ear under normal conditions at reproductive stage: R3-R4 2 Internode under normal conditions at vegetative stage: 3 Vegetative V2-3 Internode under normal conditions at reproductive 4 stage: R1-R2 Internode under normal conditions at reproductive 5 stage: R3-R4 Leaf under normal conditions at vegetative 6 stage: Vegetative V2-3 Leaf under normal conditions at reproductive 7 stage: R1-R2 Grain distal under normal conditions at reproductive 8 stage: R1-R2 Table 31: Provided are the maize transcriptome expression sets. Leaf = the leaf below the main ear; Ear = the female flower at the anthesis day. Grain Distal = maize developing grains from the cob extreme area; Internodes = internodes located above and below the main ear in the plant.

The following parameters were collected using digital imaging system:

Grain Area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the ear. A sample of ˜200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Grain Length and Grain width (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the ear. A sample of ˜200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths/or width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Ear Area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period 5 ears were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The ear area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ears.

Ear Length and Ear Width (cm)—At the end of the growing period 5 ears were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The ear length and width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ears.

The image processing system which used consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing software, was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, image processing output data for seed area and seed length was saved to text files and analyzed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Additional parameters were collected either by sampling 6 plants per plot or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot.

Normalized Grain Weight per plant (gr.)—At the end of the experiment all ears from plots within blocks A-C were collected. Six ears were separately threshed and grains were weighted, all additional ears were threshed together and weighted as well. The average grain weight per ear was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by number of total ears per plot (based on plot). In case of 6 ears, the total grains weight of 6 ears was divided by 6.

Ear FW (gr.)—At the end of the experiment (when ears were harvested) total and 6 selected ears per plots within blocks A-C were collected separately. The plants (total and 6) were weighted (gr.) separately and the average ear per plant was calculated for total (Ear FW per plot) and for 6 plants (Ear FW per plant).

Plant height and Ear height [cm]—Plants were characterized for height at harvesting. In each measure, 6 plants were measured for their height using a measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the plant below the tassel. Ear height was measured from the ground level to the place were the main ear is located.

Leaf number per plant [num]—Plants were characterized for leaf number during growing period at 5 time points. In each measure, plants were measured for their leaf number by counting all the leaves of 3 selected plants per plot.

Relative Growth Rate was calculated using Formula VII (described above).

SPAD [SPAD unit]—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed 64 days post sowing. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot. Data were taken after 46 and 54 days after (post) sowing (DPS).

Dry weight per plant—At the end of the experiment (when inflorescence were dry) all vegetative material from plots within blocks A-C were collected.

Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours.

Harvest Index (HI) (Maize)—The harvest index was calculated using Formula XVII above.

Percent Filled Ear [%]—was calculated as the percentage of the Ear area with grains out of the total ear.

Cob diameter [mm]—The diameter of the cob without grains was measured using a ruler.

Kernel Row Number per Ear [number]—The number of rows in each ear was counted.

Data parameters collected are summarized in Table 32 herein below

TABLE 32 Maize correlated parameters (vectors) Corr. Correlated parameter with ID Cob diameter [mm] at normal growth conditions  1 Dry weight per plant [gr.] at normal growth conditions  2 Ear Area [cm²] at normal growth conditions  3 Ear FW (per plant) [gr.] at normal growth conditions  4 Ear FW (per plot) [gr.] at normal growth conditions  5 Ear height [cm] at normal growth conditions  6 Ear Length [cm] at normal growth conditions  7 Ear Width [cm] at normal growth conditions  8 Grain Area [cm²] at normal growth conditions  9 Grain Length [cm] at normal growth conditions 10 Grain width [cm] at normal growth conditions 11 Kernel Row Number per Ear [num] at 12 normal growth conditions Leaf number per plant [num] at normal growth conditions 13 Normalized Grain Weight per plant (per plant) [gr.] at 14 normal growth conditions Normalized Grain Weight per plant (per plot) [gr.] at 15 normal growth conditions Percent Filled Ear [%] at normal growth conditions 16 Plant height [cm] at normal growth conditions 17 Relative Growth Rate [leaves/day] at 18 normal growth conditions SPAD 46 DPS [SPAD unit] at normal growth conditions 19 SPAD 54 DPS [SPAD unit] at normal growth conditions 20 Table 32. SPAD 46 DPS and SPAD 54 DPS: Chlorophyll level after 46 and 54 days after sowing (DPS), respectively. “FW” = fresh weight; “Corr.” = correlation.

Experimental Results

Twelve different maize hybrids were grown and characterized for different parameters. The correlated parameters are described in Table 32 above. The average for each of the measured parameters was calculated using the JMP software (Tables 33-34) and a subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Table 35). Results were then integrated to the database.

TABLE 33 Measured parameters in Maize accessions under normal conditions Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 20 54.3 57.2 56 59.7 54.8 59.1 19 51.7 56.4 53.5 55.2 55.3 59.4 1 29 25.1 28.1 25.7 28.7 25.8 2 657.5 491.7 641.1 580.6 655.6 569.4 3 85.1 85.8 90.5 96 91.6 72.4 4 245.8 208.3 262.2 263.9 272.2 177.8 5 278.2 217.5 288.3 247.9 280.1 175.8 7 19.7 19.1 20.5 21.3 20.9 18.2 8 5.58 5.15 5.67 5.53 5.73 5.23 6 135.2 122.3 132 114 135.3 94.3 9 0.753 0.708 0.755 0.766 0.806 0.713 10 1.17 1.09 1.18 1.2 1.23 1.12 11 0.81 0.814 0.803 0.803 0.824 0.803 12 16.2 14.7 16.2 15.9 16.2 15.2 13 12 11.1 11.7 11.8 11.9 12.3 14 153.9 135.9 152.5 159.2 140.5 117.1 15 140.7 139.5 153.7 177 156.6 119.7 16 80.6 86.8 82.1 92.7 80.4 82.8 17 278.1 260.5 275.1 238.5 286.9 224.8 18 0.283 0.221 0.281 0.269 0.306 0.244 Table 33. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (Line) under regular growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = correlation.

TABLE 34 Additional measured parameters in Maize accessions under regular growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 20 58 60.4 54.8 51.4 61.1 53.3 19 58.5 55.9 53 53.9 59.7 50 1 26.4 25.2 26.7 2 511.1 544.4 574.2 522.2 3 74 76.5 55.2 95.4 4 188.9 197.2 141.1 261.1 5 192.5 204.7 142.7 264.2 7 19 18.6 16.7 21.7 8 5.22 5.33 4.12 5.58 6 120.9 107.7 60.4 112.5 9 0.714 0.753 0.502 0.762 10 1.14 1.13 0.92 1.18 11 0.791 0.837 0.675 0.812 12 16 14.8 14.3 15.4 13 12.4 12.2 9.3 12.6 14 123.2 131.3 40.8 170.7 15 119.7 133.5 54.3 173.2 16 73.2 81.1 81.1 91.6 17 264.4 251.6 163.8 278.4 18 0.244 0.266 0.194 0.301 Table 34. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (Line) under regular growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = correlation.

TABLE 35 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal across maize accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGB7 0.72 1.04E−01 4 1 LGB7 0.77 7.17E−02 2 13 LGB8 0.75 5.30E−02 1 11 LGB8 0.75 3.31E−02 8 18 LGB8 0.82 1.32E−02 8 14 LGB8 0.73 3.94E−02 8 4 LGB8 0.72 4.32E−02 8 2 LGB8 0.73 4.04E−02 8 7 LGB8 0.71 5.02E−02 8 15 LGM14 0.89 8.03E−03 5 1 LGM14 0.77 4.25E−02 4 6 LGM14 0.74 5.49E−02 4 11 LGM14 0.85 1.51E−02 7 6 LGM14 0.72 6.88E−02 7 17 LGM14 0.71 7.46E−02 7 11 LGM14 0.83 4.07E−02 7 1 LGM14 0.77 4.17E−02 1 6 LGM14 0.73 6.32E−02 1 17 LGM14 0.80 3.15E−02 1 11 LGM14 0.74 2.20E−02 3 6 LGM14 0.85 3.35E−02 2 13 LGM16 0.73 6.27E−02 4 10 LGM16 0.70 7.96E−02 4 18 LGM16 0.75 5.10E−02 4 4 LGM16 0.71 7.22E−02 4 7 LGM16 0.86 1.32E−02 4 12 LGM16 0.74 5.58E−02 7 2 LGM16 0.76 7.74E−02 7 1 LGM16 0.71 7.32E−02 1 10 LGM16 0.85 1.44E−02 1 18 LGM16 0.80 2.91E−02 1 13 LGM16 0.74 5.73E−02 1 17 LGM16 0.71 7.64E−02 1 9 LGM16 0.77 4.08E−02 1 8 LGM16 0.84 9.42E−03 8 10 LGM16 0.81 1.55E−02 8 18 LGM16 0.73 3.95E−02 8 3 LGM16 0.86 6.35E−03 8 5 LGM16 0.74 3.62E−02 8 9 LGM16 0.84 9.80E−03 8 14 LGM16 0.88 3.89E−03 8 4 LGM16 0.87 4.53E−03 8 2 LGM16 0.80 1.63E−02 8 7 LGM16 0.77 2.39E−02 8 12 LGM16 0.76 2.99E−02 8 1 LGM16 0.72 4.56E−02 8 15 LGM16 0.90 2.37E−03 8 8 LGM19 0.92 3.49E−03 4 10 LGM19 0.83 2.04E−02 4 18 LGM19 0.89 6.91E−03 4 13 LGM19 0.83 2.03E−02 4 3 LGM19 0.71 7.22E−02 4 17 LGM19 0.90 6.05E−03 4 9 LGM19 0.90 5.66E−03 4 14 LGM19 0.76 4.65E−02 4 4 LGM19 0.80 3.01E−02 4 11 LGM19 0.83 2.06E−02 4 7 LGM19 0.72 7.04E−02 4 16 LGM19 0.92 3.83E−03 4 15 LGM19 0.87 1.17E−02 4 8 LGM19 0.87 1.13E−02 7 10 LGM19 0.74 5.89E−02 7 13 LGM19 0.71 7.15E−02 7 3 LGM19 0.79 3.41E−02 7 20 LGM19 0.86 1.28E−02 7 9 LGM19 0.78 4.06E−02 7 14 LGM19 0.79 3.64E−02 7 11 LGM19 0.81 2.64E−02 7 15 LGM19 0.80 2.93E−02 7 8 LGM19 0.84 1.92E−02 1 10 LGM19 0.78 4.05E−02 1 18 LGM19 0.96 4.73E−04 1 13 LGM19 0.85 1.66E−02 1 9 LGM19 0.78 4.05E−02 1 14 LGM19 0.81 2.83E−02 1 11 LGM19 0.76 4.92E−02 1 15 LGM19 0.80 3.23E−02 1 8 LGM19 0.87 1.14E−03 6 13 LGM19 0.72 1.78E−02 6 14 LGM19 0.81 4.09E−03 6 11 LGM19 0.88 2.00E−02 2 11 LGM19 0.97 1.74E−03 2 16 LGM21 0.80 2.94E−02 1 10 LGM21 0.87 1.19E−02 1 13 LGM21 0.82 2.30E−02 1 6 LGM21 0.81 2.68E−02 1 17 LGM21 0.83 2.13E−02 1 9 LGM21 0.79 3.51E−02 1 14 LGM21 0.90 5.29E−03 1 11 LGM21 0.73 6.18E−02 1 15 LGM21 0.83 2.11E−02 1 8 LGM21 0.81 5.27E−02 2 13 LGM4 0.79 3.62E−02 4 13 LGM4 0.72 6.62E−02 7 13 LGM4 0.74 5.53E−02 1 13 LGM4 0.81 1.39E−02 8 6 LGM4 0.92 1.35E−03 8 17 LGM4 0.72 1.93E−02 6 19 LGM4 0.82 4.47E−02 2 13 LGM5 0.76 7.78E−02 7 1 LGM5 0.74 2.29E−02 6 1 LGM7 0.72 1.07E−01 2 6 LGM7 0.86 2.97E−02 2 12 LGM8 0.74 5.90E−02 4 17 LGM8 0.83 4.19E−02 4 1 LGM8 0.78 2.29E−02 8 18 LGM8 0.72 4.35E−02 8 17 LGM8 0.77 2.49E−02 8 9 LGM8 0.75 3.09E−02 8 11 LGM8 0.71 4.83E−02 8 8 LGM8 0.76 7.74E−02 2 10 LGM8 0.81 4.96E−02 2 18 LGM8 0.86 2.88E−02 2 3 LGM8 0.82 4.67E−02 2 9 LGM8 0.78 6.50E−02 2 14 LGM8 0.78 6.56E−02 2 4 LGM8 0.82 4.33E−02 2 7 LGM8 0.71 1.17E−01 2 16 LGM8 0.91 1.19E−02 2 15 LGM8 0.74 9.46E−02 2 8 Table 35. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 32. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 31. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 6 Production of Maize Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield, NUE, and ABST Related Parameters Measured in Semi-Hydroponics Conditions Using 60K Maize Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays

Maize vigor related parameters under low nitrogen (1.6 mM), salinity (100 mM NaCl), low temperature (10±2° C.) and normal growth conditions—Twelve Maize hybrids were grown in 5 repetitive plots, each containing 7 plants, at a net house under semi-hydroponics conditions. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows: Maize seeds were sown in trays filled with a mix of vermiculite and peat in a 1:1 ratio. Following germination, the trays were transferred to the high salinity solution (100 mM NaCl in addition to the Full Hoagland solution), low temperature (10±2° C. in the presence of Full Hoagland solution), low nitrogen solution (the amount of total nitrogen was reduced in 90% from the full Hoagland solution, i.e., to a final concentration of 10% from full Hoagland solution, final amount of 1.6 mM N) or at Normal growth solution (Full Hoagland containing 16 mM N solution, at 28±2° C.). Plants were grown at 28±2° C. unless otherwise indicated.

Full Hoagland solution consists of: KNO₃—0.808 grams/liter, MgSO₄—0.12 grams/liter, KH₂PO₄—0.136 grams/liter and 0.01% (volume/volume) of ‘Super coratin’ micro elements (Iron-EDDHA [ethylenediamine-N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid)]—40.5 grams/liter; Mn—20.2 grams/liter; Zn 10.1 grams/liter; Co 1.5 grams/liter; and Mo 1.1 grams/liter), solution's pH should be

Experimental Procedures

Analyzed Maize tissues—Twelve selected Maize hybrids were sampled per each treatment. Two tissues [leaves and root tip] representing different plant characteristics were sampled. Plants were sampled from all 4 treatments applied: salinity (100 mM NaCl), low temperature (10±2° C.), low Nitrogen (1.6 mM N) and Normal conditions. Sampling was done at the vegetative stage (V4-5) and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 36-39 below.

TABLE 36 Maize transcriptome expression sets under normal conditions at semi hydroponics system Set Expression Set ID leaf at vegetative stage (V4-V5) under 1 Normal conditions root tip at vegetative stage (V4-V5) under 2 Normal conditions Table 36: Provided are the Maize transcriptome expression sets at normal conditions.

TABLE 37 Maize transcriptome expression sets under cold conditions at semi hydroponics system Set Expression Set ID leaf at vegetative stage (V4-V5) under cold conditions 1 root tip at vegetative stage (V4-V5) under cold conditions 2 Table 37: Provided are the Maize transcriptome expression sets at cold conditions.

TABLE 38 Maize transcriptome expression sets under low nitrogen conditions at semi hydroponics system Set Expression Set ID leaf at vegetative stage (V4-V5) under low 1 nitrogen conditions (1.6 mM N) root tip at vegetative stage (V4-V5) under 2 low nitrogen conditions (1.6 mM N) Table 38: Provided are the Maize transcriptome expression sets at low nitrogen conditions 1.6 mM Nitrogen.

TABLE 39 Maize transcriptome expression sets under high salinity conditions at semi hydroponics system Set Expression Set ID leaf at vegetative stage (V4-V5) under 1 salinity conditions (NaCl 100 mM) root tip at vegetative stage (V4-V5) under 2 salinity conditions (NaCl 100 mM) Table 39: Provided are the Maize transcriptome expression sets at 100 mM NaCl.

Phenotypic Parameters Assessment

Ten different Maize hybrids were grown and characterized at the vegetative stage (V4-5) for the following parameters:

Leaves dry weight (DW)=leaves dry weight per plant (average of five plants);

Plant height growth—the relative growth rate (RGR) of Plant Height was calculated using Formula III (above).

Root dry weight (DW)—At the end of the experiment, the root material was collected, measured and divided by the number of plants (average of four plants);

Shoot dry weight (DW)—shoot dry weight per plant, all vegetative tissue above ground (average of four plants) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours;

Shoot fresh weight (FW)—shoot fresh weight per plant, all vegetative tissue above ground (average of four plants);

SPAD [SPAD unit]—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed 30 days post sowing. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.

Root length—the length of the root was measured at V4 developmental stage.

Data parameters collected are summarized in Tables 40-42 herein below

TABLE 40 Maize correlated parameters (vectors) under cold conditions Corre- lation Correlated parameter with ID Leaves DW [gr.], under Cold growth conditions 1 Plant height growth [cm/day], under Cold growth conditions 2 Root DW [gr.], under Cold growth conditions 3 Root length [cm], under Cold growth conditions 4 Shoot DW [gr.], under Cold growth conditions 5 Shoot FW [gr.], under Cold growth conditions 6 SPAD [SPAD unit], under Cold growth conditions 7 Table 40: Provided are the Maize correlated parameters under cold conditions. “DW” = dry weight; “gr.” = gram; “cm” = centimeter; “FW” = fresh weight; “SPAD” = chlorophyll levels.

TABLE 41 Maize correlated parameters (vectors) under low nitrogen conditions Corre- lation Correlated parameter with ID Leaves DW [gr], under Low Nitrogen growth conditions 1 Root DW [gr], under Low Nitrogen growth conditions 2 Shoot DW [gr], under Low Nitrogen growth conditions 3 Table 41: Provided are the Maize correlated parameters under low nitrogen conditions. “DW” = dry weight; “gr” = gram; “Low N” = low nitrogen conditions.

TABLE 42 Maize correlated parameters (vectors) under normal and salinity growth conditions Corre- lation Correlated parameter with ID Leaves DW [gr.] 1 Plant height growth [cm/day] 2 Root DW [gr.] 3 Root length [cm] 4 Shoot DW [gr.] 5 Shoot FW [gr.] 6 SPAD [SPAD unit] 7 Table 42: Provided are the Maize correlated parameters under normal, and salinity growth conditions. “DW” = dry weight; “FW” = fresh weight; “SPAD” = chlorophyll levels; “gr” = gram.

Experimental Results

Twelve different maize accessions were grown and characterized for different parameters as described above. Tables 40-42 describe the maize correlated parameters. The average for each of the measured parameters was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 43-50 below. Subsequent correlation analyses between the various transcriptome sets and the average parameters (Tables 51-54) were conducted. Follow, results were integrated to the database.

TABLE 43 Maize accessions, measured parameters under low nitrogen growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 1  0.566  0.451  0.464  0.476  0.355  0.514 2  0.38  0.353  0.255  0.36  0.313  0.297 3  2.56  1.96  2.01  1.94  1.94  2.52 Table 43: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Maize accessions (Line) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = Correlation.

TABLE 44 Maize accessions, measured parameters under low nitrogen growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 1 0.529 0.579 0.551 0.51 0.563 0.392 2 0.289 0.306 0.291 0.322 0.43 0.168 3 2.03 2.37 2.09 2.17 2.62 1.53 Table 44: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Maize accessions (Line) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = Correlation.

TABLE 45 Maize accessions, measured parameters under 100 mM NaCl (salinity) growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 1 0.407 0.502 0.432 0.481 0.434 0.564 2 0.457 0.398 0.454 0.316 0.322 0.311 3 0.047 0.0503 0.0295 0.071 0.0458 0.0307 4 10.9 11.3 11.8 10.1 8.5 10.6 7 36.5 39.9 37.8 41.3 40.8 44.4 5 2.43 2.19 2.25 2.26 1.54 1.94 6 19.6 20.8 18.4 19.4 15.6 16.1 Table 45: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Maize accessions (Line) under 100 mM NaCl gowth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = Correlation.

TABLE 46 Additional Maize accessions, measured parameters under 100 mM NaCl (salinity) growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 1 0.327 0.507 0.465 0.984 0.475 0.154 2 0.29 0.359 0.37 0.355 0.305 0.272 3 0.0954 0.0625 0.0163 0.0355 0.0494 0.0146 4 10.1 11.8 10.5 11.2 10.1 8.9 7 37.9 43.2 39.8 38.2 38.1 37.8 5 1.78 1.9 1.89 2.2 1.86 0.97 6 12.5 16.9 16.8 17.6 15.9 9.4 Table 46: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Maize accessions (Line) under 100 mM NaCl growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = Correlation.

TABLE 47 Maize accessions, measured parameters under cold growth conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 1 1.19 1.17 1.02 1.18 1.04 1.23 1.13 2 2.15 1.93 2.12 1.8 2.32 2.15 2.49 3 0.0466 0.0683 0.1 0.0808 0.0659 0.0667 0.1367 7 28.9 29.1 27.1 32.4 32.7 32.9 31.6 5 5.74 4.86 3.98 4.22 4.63 4.93 4.82 6 73.8 55.5 51.3 54.9 59 62.4 63.6 Table 47: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Maize accessions (Line) under cold growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = Correlation.

TABLE 48 Additional Maize accessions, measured parameters under cold growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 1 0.98 0.88 1.28 1.1 0.6 2 2.01 1.95 2.03 1.85 1.21 3 0.0667 0.0733 0.0204 0.0517 0.0567 7 33 28.6 31.4 30.6 30.7 5 4.03 3.57 3.99 4.64 1.89 6 54.9 48.2 52.8 55.1 29.6 Table 48: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Maize accessions (Line) under cold growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = Correlation.

TABLE 49 Maize accessions, measured parameters under normal growth conditions Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 1.161 1.099 0.924 1.013 0.935 0.907 2 1.99 1.92 1.93 1.93 2.15 1.95 3 0.14 0.106 0.227 0.155 0.077 0.049 4 20.1 15.9 18.6 18.7 16.4 14.9 7 34.5 35.8 34.7 34.4 35.3 37.5 5 5.27 4.67 3.88 5.08 4.1 4.46 6 79 62.8 59.7 63.9 60.1 64.7 Table 49: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Maize accessions (Line) under regular growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = Correlation.

TABLE 50 Maize accessions, measured parameters under normal growth conditions Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 1.105 1.006 1.011 1.024 1.23 0.44 2 2.23 1.94 1.97 2.05 1.74 1.26 3 0.175 0.101 0.069 0.104 0.138 0.03 4 17.5 15.7 15.7 17.6 16.1 17.4 7 36.5 36.1 33.7 34.3 35.7 29 5 4.68 4.59 4.08 4.61 5.42 2.02 6 68.1 65.8 58.3 61.9 70 36 Table 50: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Maize accessions (Line) under regular growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = Correlation.

TABLE 51 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions across Maize accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGB8  0.72 2.81E−02 2 6 LGB8  0.72 2.87E−02 2 4 LGB8  0.71 3.29E−02 2 3 LGM14 0.70 3.52E−02 2 7 LGM19 0.73 1.56E−02 1 7 LGM5  0.90 1.07E−03 2 4 Table 51. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 42. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 36. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 52 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under low nitrogen conditions across Maize accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGM14 0.79 1.06E−02 2 1 LGM19 0.75 1.26E−02 1 1 Table 52. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 41. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 38. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 53 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under cold conditions across Maize accessions Corr. Corr. Gene Exp. Set Gene Exp. Set Name R P value set ID Name R P value set ID LGB8  0.72 2.89E−02 2 5 LGM16 0,77 2.60E−02 1 6 LGM16 0.83 1.15E−02 1 5 LGM19 0.82 1.19E−02 1 1 LGM21 0.80 1.70E−02 1 3 Table 53. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 40. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 37. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 54 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under salinity conditions across Maize accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGM14 0.77 1.50E−02 2 4 LGM14 0.92 4.56E−04 2 7 LGM4  0.85 3.58E−03 2 1 LGM4  0.88 1.66E−03 2 7 LGM8  0.73 1.56E−02 1 3 LGM9  0.82 3.85E−03 1 3 Table 54. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 42. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 39. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 7 Production of Foxtail Millet Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis Using 60K Foxtail Millet Oligonucleotide Micro-Array

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis comparing between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a foxtail millet oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 60K foxtail millet genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression and yield or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 14 different foxtail millet accessions were analyzed. Among them, 11 accessions encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].

Experimental Procedures

Fourteen foxtail millet varieties were grown in 5 repetitive plots, in field. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows:

1. Regular growth conditions: foxtail millet plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols (normal growth conditions), which include 283 m³ water per dunam (100 square meters) per entire growth period and fertilization of 16 units of URAN® 32% (Nitrogen Fertilizer Solution; PCS Sales, Northbrook, Ill., USA).

2. Drought conditions: foxtail millet seeds were sown in soil and grown under normal condition until the heading stage (22 days from sowing), and then drought treatment was imposed by irrigating plants with 50% water relative to the normal treatment (171 m³ water per dunam per entire growth period).

Analyzed Foxtail millet tissues—All 14 foxtail millet lines were sample per each treatment. Four tissues [leaf, flower, grain and stem] at 2 different developmental stages [flowering, grain filling], representing different plant characteristics were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Tables 55-58 below.

TABLE 55 Foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under drought conditions at flowering stage Set Expression Set ID Flower at flowering stage, under drought growth conditions 1 Leaf at flowering stage, under drought growth conditions 2 Stem at flowering stage, under drought growth conditions 3 Table 55. Provided are the foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under drought conditions at flowering stage.

TABLE 56 Foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under drought conditions at grain filling stage Set Expression Set ID Grain at grain filling stage, under drought growth conditions 1 Leaf at grain filling stage, under drought growth conditions 2 Stem at grain filling stage, under drought growth conditions 3 Table 56. Provided are the foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under drought conditions at grain filling stage.

TABLE 57 Foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under normal conditions at flowering stage Set Expression Set ID Flower at flowering stage, under normal growth conditions 1 Leaf at flowering stage, under normal growth conditions 2 Table 57. Provided are the foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under normal conditions at flowering stage.

TABLE 58 Foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under normal conditions at grain filling stage Set Expression Set ID Grain at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions 1 Leaf at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions 2 Stem at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions 3 Table 58. Provided are the foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under normal conditions at grain filling stage.

Foxtail millet yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—Plants were continuously phenotyped during the growth period and at harvest (Table 59-60, below). The image analysis system included a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37 (Java based image processing program, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet [rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

The following parameters were collected using digital imaging system:

At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the Plant ‘Head’ and the following parameters were measured and collected:

Average Grain Area (cm²)—A sample of ˜200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Average Grain Length and width (cm)—A sample of ˜200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths and width (longest axis) were measured from those images and were divided by the number of grains.

At the end of the growing period 14 ‘Heads’ were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system.

Average Grain Perimeter (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the Plant ‘Head’. A sample of ˜200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain perimeter was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Head Average Area (cm²)—The ‘Head’ area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ‘Heads’.

Head Average Length and width (cm)—The ‘Head’ length and width (longest axis) were measured from those images and were divided by the number of ‘Heads’.

The image processing system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing software, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, image processing output data for seed area and seed length was saved to text files and analyzed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Additional parameters were collected either by sampling 5 plants per plot or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot.

Head weight (Kg.) and head number (num.)—At the end of the experiment, heads were harvested from each plot and were counted and weighted.

Total Grain Yield (gr.)—At the end of the experiment (plant ‘Heads’) heads from plots were collected, the heads were threshed and grains were weighted. In addition, the average grain weight per head was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by number of total heads per plot (based on plot).

1000 Seeds weight [gr.]—was calculated based on Formula XIV (above).

Biomass at harvest [kg]—At the end of the experiment the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) from plots was weighted.

Total dry mater per plot [kg]—Calculated as Vegetative portion above ground plus all the heads dry weight per plot.

Number (num) of days to anthesis—Calculated as the number of days from sowing till 50% of the plot arrives anthesis.

Maintenance of performance under drought conditions: Represent ratio for the specified parameter of Drought condition results divided by Normal conditions results (maintenance of phenotype under drought in comparison to normal conditions).

Data parameters collected are summarized in Tables 61-62, herein below.

TABLE 59 Foxtail millet correlated parameters under drought and normal conditions (vectors) Correlated parameter with Correlation ID 1000 Seeds weight [gr.] 1 Average Grain Area [cm²] 2 Average Grain Length [cm] 3 Average Grain Perimeter [cm] 4 Average Grain Width [cm] 5 Biomass at harvest [kg] 6 Head Average Area [cm²] 7 Head Average Length [cm] 8 Head Average Width [cm] 9 Head number [num] 10 Number of days to anthesis [num] 11 Total dry matter per plot [kg] 12 Total Grain Yield [gr.] 13 Table 59. Provided are the foxtail millet collected parameters under drought and normal conditions. “gr” = gram; “cm” = centimeter; “num” = number; “kg” = kilogram.

TABLE 60 Foxtail millet correlated parameters under drought vs. normal conditions (maintenance) (vectors) Correlation Correlated parameter with ID 1000 Seeds weight [gr.], Drought/Normal 1 Average Grain Area [cm²], Drought/Normal 2 Average Grain Length [cm], Drought/Normal 3 Average Grain Perimeter [cm], Drought/Normal 4 Average Grain Width [cm], Drought/Normal 5 Biomass at harvest [kg], Drought/Normal 6 Head Average Area [cm²], Drought/Normal 7 Head Average Length [cm], Drought/Normal 8 Head Average Width [cm], Drought/Normal 9 Head number [num], Drought/Normal 10 Total dry matter per plot [kg], Drought/Normal 11 Total Grain Yield [gr.], Drought/Normal 12 Table 60. Provided are the foxtail millet collected parameters under drought vs. normal conditions (maintenance). “gr.” = gram; “cm” = centimeter; “num” = number; “kg” = kilogram.

Experimental Results

Fourteen different foxtail millet accessions were grown and characterized for different parameters as described above (Table 59-60). The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 61-72 below. Subsequent correlation analysis between the various transcriptome sets and the average parameters was conducted (Tables 73-77). Follow, results were integrated to the database.

TABLE 61 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under drought conditions at flowering Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 1 2.64 3.33 2.61 2.29 2.3 2.64 2.22 2 0.0333 0.0373 0.0335 0.0319 0.0326 0.0334 0.0297 3 0.242 0.244 0.25 0.254 0.257 0.25 0.233 4 0.683 0.722 0.689 0.683 0.69 0.692 0.648 5 0.175 0.194 0.171 0.16 0.162 0.17 0.163 6 1.53 3.46 2.87 2.93 3.02 2.66 2.98 7 35.7 50.7 18.4 14.9 17.7 9.9 21 8 22.4 21.9 16.5 13.3 14 9.1 15.1 9 1.87 2.68 1.33 1.33 1.5 1.17 1.67 10 374.4 127 737.8 1100.8 1047.2 2050 581.5 11 34 41 51 41 41 30 38 13 1141.5 1116.2 988.2 1202.8 1360.5 995.2 946.8 12 0.504 0.733 0.798 0.616 0.708 0.47 0.608 Table 61: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = Correlation.

TABLE 62 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under drought conditions at flowering Line Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Corr. ID 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 1.84 2.54 1.69 3.1 2.54 3.24 2.25 2 0.0238 0.0317 0.0252 0.0365 0.0321 0.0391 0.0301 3 0.194 0.223 0.203 0.261 0.245 0.27 0.242 4 0.569 0.661 0.593 0.72 0.675 0.748 0.659 5 0.156 0.181 0.158 0.178 0.167 0.184 0.159 6 0.77 2.66 2.95 3.23 3.3 2.63 0.89 7 39.9 42.1 43.5 26.9 21.2 7.3 13.1 8 21.1 20 21.8 20.8 15.8 6.4 9.2 9 2.15 2.36 2.32 1.54 1.59 1.25 1.74 10 311.6 147.2 95.4 414.4 667.8 2441 687.5 11 30 38 NA 44 51 31 27 13 1159.8 1391.4 394.5 1199.5 872.5 873.9 1188 12 0.349 0.437 0.645 0.748 0.872 0.523 0.36 Table 62: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 63 Measured parameter of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under drought conditions at grain filling Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 1 2.64 3.33 2.61 2.29 2.3 2.64 2.22 2 0.0333 0.0373 0.0335 0.0319 0.0326 0.0334 0.0297 3 0.242 0.244 0.25 0.254 0.257 0.25 0.233 4 0.683 0.722 0.689 0.683 0.69 0.692 0.648 5 0.175 0.194 0.171 0.16 0.162 0.17 0.163 6 1.53 3.46 2.87 2.93 3.02 2.66 2.98 7 35.7 50.7 18.4 14.9 17.7 9.9 21 8 22.4 21.9 16.5 13.3 14 9.1 15.1 9 1.87 2.68 1.33 1.33 1.5 1.17 1.67 10 374.4 127 737.8 1100.8 1047.2 2050 581.5 11 34 41 51 41 41 30 38 13 1141.5 1116.2 988.2 1202.8 1360.5 995.2 946.8 12 0.504 0.733 0.798 0.616 0.708 0.47 0.608 Table 63: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 64 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under drought conditions at grain filling Line Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Corr. ID 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 1.84 2.54 1.69 3.1 2.54 3.24 2.25 2 0.0238 0.0317 0.0252 0.0365 0.0321 0.0391 0.0301 3 0.194 0.223 0.203 0.261 0.245 0.27 0.242 4 0.569 0.661 0.593 0.72 0.675 0.748 0.659 5 0.156 0.181 0.158 0.178 0.167 0.184 0.159 6 0.77 2.66 2.95 3.23 3.3 2.63 0.89 7 39.9 42.1 43.5 26.9 21.2 7.3 13.1 8 21.1 20 21.8 20.8 15.8 6.4 9.2 9 2.15 2.36 2.32 1.54 1.59 1.25 1.74 10 311.6 147.2 95.4 414.4 667.8 2441 687.5 11 30 38 NA 44 51 31 27 13 1159.8 1391.4 394.5 1199.5 872.5 873.9 1188 12 0.349 0.437 0.645 0.748 0.872 0.523 0.36 Table 64: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 65 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions for Maintenance of performance under drought conditions at flowering Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 107.3 97.4 99.9 97.3 95.7 99.5 101.4 2 103.1 101.1 102.8 100.9 101.6 99.8 101.1 3 100.7 101.1 100.4 100.4 100.2 99.5 101 4 101.1 100.6 101 100.3 100.6 99.4 100.9 5 102.3 100 102.4 100.4 101.3 100.2 100.2 6 63.8 86.7 90.6 82 84 87.2 73.6 7 94.5 87.6 93.9 87.4 89.5 105.3 91.6 8 96.7 90.2 94 90 91 106.4 93.9 9 98.2 98.3 99.9 98.4 97.9 98.8 99 10 87.6 85.1 85.1 91.4 91.3 96.2 77.3 12 78.7 104.5 64.4 76.7 75.8 67.4 59.8 11 71.7 85.8 82.9 66.7 78.3 98 66.3 Table 65: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 66 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions for Maintenance of performance under drought conditions at flowering Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 102.2 94.5 102.7 97.6 97.8 101.7 99.5 2 100 98.9 102.7 97.9 96.4 101.2 99.2 3 99.2 100.7 102 99.4 97.8 100.3 99 4 99.6 99.8 101.8 98.9 98 100.4 99.2 5 100.8 98.2 100.6 98.5 98.5 100.9 100.3 6 66.8 83.2 75.5 90.2 89.8 89.5 59.9 7 97.7 93.1 88.2 97.3 87.8 102.5 89.4 8 96.6 98.1 93.5 99.7 88.1 101.5 93.8 9 101.3 94.5 95.7 99.5 100.4 100.8 95.5 10 79 78.9 72.4 95.4 103.3 87.2 69.1 12 88 65.3 42.1 63.8 61.1 71.9 91.6 11 77 73.5 64.6 82 85 83.9 77.8 Table 66: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 67 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions for Maintenance of performance under drought conditions at grain filling Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 107.3 97.4 99.9 97.3 95.7 99.5 101.4 2 103.1 101.1 102.8 100.9 101.6 99.8 101.1 3 100.7 101.1 100.4 100.4 100.2 99.5 101 4 101.1 100.6 101 100.3 100.6 99.4 100.9 5 102.3 100 102.4 100.4 101.3 100.2 100.2 6 63.8 86.7 90.6 82 84 87.2 73.6 7 94.5 87.6 93.9 87.4 89.5 105.3 91.6 8 96.7 90.2 94 90 91 106.4 93.9 9 98.2 98.3 99.9 98.4 97.9 98.8 99 10 87.6 85.1 85.1 91.4 91.3 96.2 77.3 12 78.7 104.5 64.4 76.7 75.8 67.4 59.8 11 71.7 85.8 82.9 66.7 78.3 98 66.3 Table 67: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 68 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions for Maintenance of performance under drought conditions at grain filling Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 102.2 94.5 102.7 97.6 97.8 101.7 99.5 2 100 98.9 102.7 97.9 96.4 101.2 99.2 3 99.2 100.7 102 99.4 97.8 100.3 99 4 99.6 99.8 101.8 98.9 98 100.4 99.2 5 100.8 98.2 100.6 98.5 98.5 100.9 100.3 6 66.8 83.2 75.5 90.2 89.8 89.5 59.9 7 97.7 93.1 88.2 97.3 87.8 102.5 89.4 8 96.6 98.1 93.5 99.7 88.1 101.5 93.8 9 101.3 94.5 95.7 99.5 100.4 100.8 95.5 10 79 78.9 72.4 95.4 103.3 87.2 69.1 12 88 65.3 42.1 63.8 61.1 71.9 91.6 11 77 73.5 64.6 82 85 83.9 77.8 Table 68: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 69 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under normal conditions at flowering Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2.46 3.42 2.61 2.36 2.41 2.65 2.18 2 0.0323 0.0369 0.0326 0.0316 0.0321 0.0335 0.0294 3 0.24 0.242 0.249 0.253 0.256 0.252 0.231 4 0.675 0.717 0.682 0.681 0.686 0.697 0.642 5 0.172 0.194 0.167 0.159 0.16 0.17 0.162 6 2.4 3.99 3.17 3.58 3.6 3.06 4.04 7 37.8 57.9 19.6 17.1 19.8 9.4 22.9 8 23.1 24.2 17.6 14.8 15.4 8.6 16.1 9 1.91 2.72 1.33 1.36 1.53 1.18 1.68 10 427.6 149.2 867 1204 1146.4 2132 752.2 11 34 41 45 41 41 30 38 13 1449.6 1067.9 1534.9 1567.2 1794.8 1476.1 1582.6 12 0.703 0.854 0.963 0.924 0.904 0.479 0.917 Table 69: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section

TABLE 70 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under normal conditions at flowering Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 1.8 2.69 1.65 3.17 2.6 3.18 2.26 2 0.0239 0.032 0.0246 0.0373 0.0333 0.0386 0.0303 3 0.196 0.221 0.199 0.262 0.25 0.269 0.244 4 0.571 0.662 0.582 0.728 0.689 0.745 0.665 5 0.155 0.184 0.157 0.181 0.169 0.183 0.158 6 1.15 3.2 3.9 3.58 3.68 2.94 1.48 7 40.9 45.3 49.3 27.7 24.2 7.1 14.7 8 21.9 20.4 23.3 20.9 18 6.4 9.8 9 2.12 2.5 2.43 1.55 1.58 1.24 1.82 10 394.2 186.6 131.8 434.2 646.4 2797.8 994.6 11 30 38 51 44 51 31 27 13 1317.9 2131.6 937.9 1880.2 1427.1 1216.2 1296.7 12 0.453 0.594 0.998 0.913 1.027 0.623 0.464 Table 70: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 71 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under normal conditions grain filling Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2.46 3.42 2.61 2.36 2.41 2.65 2.18 2 0.0323 0.0369 0.0326 0.0316 0.0321 0.0335 0.0294 3 0.24 0.242 0.249 0.253 0.256 0.252 0.231 4 0.675 0.717 0.682 0.681 0.686 0.697 0.642 5 0.172 0.194 0.167 0.159 0.16 0.17 0.162 6 2.4 3.99 3.17 3.58 3.6 3.06 4.04 7 37.8 57.9 19.6 17.1 19.8 9.4 22.9 8 23.1 24.2 17.6 14.8 15.4 8.6 16.1 9 1.91 2.72 1.33 1.36 1.53 1.18 1.68 10 427.6 149.2 867 1204 1146.4 2132 752.2 11 34 41 45 41 41 30 38 13 1449.6 1067.9 1534.9 1567.2 1794.8 1476.1 1582.6 12 0.703 0.854 0.963 0.924 0.904 0.479 0.917 Table 71: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section

TABLE 72 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under normal conditions at grain filling Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 1.8 2.69 1.65 3.17 2.6 3.18 2.26 2 0.0239 0.032 0.0246 0.0373 0.0333 0.0386 0.0303 3 0.196 0.221 0.199 0.262 0.25 0.269 0.244 4 0.571 0.662 0.582 0.728 0.689 0.745 0.665 5 0.155 0.184 0.157 0.181 0.169 0.183 0.158 6 1.15 3.2 3.9 3.58 3.68 2.94 1.48 7 40.9 45.3 49.3 27.7 24.2 7.1 14.7 8 21.9 20.4 23.3 20.9 18 6.4 9.8 9 2.12 2.5 2.43 1.55 1.58 1.24 1.82 10 394.2 186.6 131.8 434.2 646.4 2797.8 994.6 11 30 38 51 44 51 31 27 13 1317.9 2131.6 937.9 1880.2 1427.1 1216.2 1296.7 12 0.453 0.594 0.998 0.913 1.027 0.623 0.464 Table 72: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 73 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under drought conditions at flowering stage across foxtail millet varieties Gene P Exp. Corr. Gene P Exp. Corr. Name R value set Set ID Name R value set Set ID LGB4 0.72 2.79E−02 3 4 LGB4 0.73 2.62E−02 3 2 Table 73. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID“-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 59. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 55. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 74 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions at flowering stage across foxtail millet varieties Corr. Set Gene Name R P value Exp. set ID LGB2 0.75 1.27E−02 2 13 Table 74. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 59. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 57. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 75 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions at grain filling stage across foxtail millet varieties Corr. Corr. Gene Exp. Set Gene P Exp. Set Name R P value set ID Name R value set ID LGB2 0.74 3.78E−02 3 13 LGB2 0.82 4.56E−02 1 8 LGB4 0.91 1.29E−02 1 10 LGB4 0.85 3.37E−02 1 3 LGB5 0.95 3.09E−03 1  8 LGB5 0.78 6.98E−02 1 7 Table 75. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID“-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 59. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 58. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 76 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance of maintenance of performance under drought vs. normal conditions at flowering stage across foxtail millet varieties Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGB2 0.74 9.51E−03 2 1 LGB4 0.78 7.25E−03 1 7 LGB4 0.73 1.56E−02 1 8 LGB5 0.83 5.65E−03 3 1 Table 76. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID“-ccorrelation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 60. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 55. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 77 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic perfirmance of maintenance of performance under drought vs. normal conditions at grain filling stage across foxtail millet varieties Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGB2 0.77 7.51E−02 1  1 LGB2 0.75 8.54E−02 1 5 LGB2 0.72 1.80E−02 2  2 LGB2 0.71 2.25E−02 2 4 LGB2 0.81 4.34E−03 3 12 LGB4 0.79 6.17E−03 2 5 LGB4 0.78 7.84E−03 3  1 LGB5 0.79 6.05E−02 1 1 LGB5 0.75 8.36E−02 1  2 LGB5 0.74 8.94E−02 1 5 LGB5 0.81 4.83E−03 2  1 Table 77. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID“-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 60. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 56. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 8 Production of Barley Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis Using 44K Barley Oligonucleotide Micro-Array

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis comparing between plant phenotype and gene expression level under normal conditions, the present inventors utilized a Barley oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 44,000 Barley genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression and yield or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 25 different Barley accessions were analyzed. Among them, 13 accessions encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane(dot)com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot)html].

Experimental Procedures

Analyzed Barley tissues—Four tissues at different developmental stages [meristem, flowering spike, booting spike, stem], representing different plant characteristics, were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 78 below.

TABLE 78 Barley transcriptome expression sets Expression Set Set ID Booting spike at flowering stage under normal conditions 1 Flowering spike at flowering stage under normal conditions 2 Meristem at flowering stage under normal conditions 3 Stem at flowering stage under normal conditions 4 Table 78. Provided are the Barley transcriptome expression sets.

Barley yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—25 Barley accessions in 4 repetitive blocks (named A, B, C, and D), each containing 4 plants per plot were grown at net house. Plants were phenotyped on a daily basis following the standard descriptor of barley (Table 79, below). Harvest was conducted while 50% of the spikes were dry to avoid spontaneous release of the seeds. Plants were separated to the vegetative part and spikes, of them, 5 spikes were threshed (grains were separated from the glumes) for additional grain analysis such as size measurement, grain count per spike and grain yield per spike. All material was oven dried and the seeds were threshed manually from the spikes prior to measurement of the seed characteristics (weight and size) using scanning and image analysis. The image analysis system included a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37 [Java based image processing program, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet [rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

TABLE 79 Barley standard descriptors Trait Parameter Range Description Growth habit Scoring 1-9 Prostrate (1) or Erect (9) Hairiness of Scoring P (Presence)/A Absence (1) or Presence (2) basal leaves (Absence) Stem Scoring 1-5 Green (1), Basal only or pigmentation Half or more (5) Days to Days Days from sowing to Flowering emergence of awns Plant height Centimeter (cm) Height from ground level to top of the longest spike excluding awns Spikes per Number Terminal Counting plant Spike length Centimeter (cm) Terminal Counting 5 spikes per plant Grains per Number Terminal Counting 5 spikes per plant spike Vegetative Gram Oven-dried for 48 hours at 70° C. dry weight Spikes dry Gram Oven-dried for 48 hours at 30° C. weight Table 79

Grains per spike—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The total number of grains from 5 spikes that were manually threshed was counted. The average grain per spike is calculated by dividing the total grain number by the number of spikes.

Grain average size (cm)—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The total grains from 5 spikes that were manually threshed were scanned and images were analyzed using the digital imaging system. Grain scanning was done using Brother scanner (model DCP-135), at the 200 dpi resolution and analyzed with Image J software. The average grain size was calculated by dividing the total grain size by the total grain number.

Grain average weight (mgr)—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The total grains from 5 spikes that were manually threshed were counted and weight. The average weight was calculated by dividing the total weight by the total grain number. “Mgr”=milligrams.

Grain yield per spike (gr.)—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The total grains from 5 spikes that were manually threshed were weight. The grain yield was calculated by dividing the total weight by the spike number.

Spike length analysis—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The five chosen spikes per plant were measured using measuring tape excluding the awns.

Spike number analysis—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The spikes per plant were counted.

Growth habit scoring—At the growth stage 10 (booting), each of the plants was scored for its growth habit nature. The scale that was used was “1” for prostate nature till “9” for erect.

Hairiness of basal leaves—At the growth stage 5 (leaf sheath strongly erect; end of tillering), each of the plants was scored for its hairiness nature of the leaf before the last. The scale that was used was “1” for prostate nature till “9” for erect.

Plant height—At the harvest stage (50% of spikes were dry) each of the plants was measured for its height using measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the longest spike excluding awns.

Days to flowering—Each of the plants was monitored for flowering date. Days of flowering was calculated from sowing date till flowering date.

Stem pigmentation—At the growth stage 10 (booting), each of the plants was scored for its stem color. The scale that was used was “1” for green till “5” for full purple.

Vegetative dry weight and spike yield—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes and vegetative material from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The biomass and spikes weight of each plot was separated, measured and divided by the number of plants.

Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours.

Spike yield per plant=total spike weight per plant (gr.) after drying at 30° C. in oven for 48 hours.

Harvest Index (for barley)—The harvest index is calculated using Formula XVIII (above).

Data parameters collected are summarized in Table 80, herein below

TABLE 80 Barley correlated parameters (vectors) Correlation Correlated parameter with ID Days to flowering [days], under 1 Normal growth conditions Grain average size [cm], under 2 Normal growth conditions Grain average weight [mg], under 3 Normal growth conditions Grains per spike [num], under 4 Normal growth conditions Grain yield per spike [gr], under 5 Normal growth conditions Growth habit scoring [num], under 6 Normal growth conditions Hairiness of basal leaves [num], under 7 Normal growth conditions Plant height [cm], under 8 Normal growth conditions Spike length analysis [cm], under 9 Normal growth conditions Spike number analysis [num], under 10 Normal growth conditions Stem pigmentation 11 Vegetative DW [gr.], under 12 Normal growth conditions Table 80. Provided are the barley correlated parameters. “gr.” = Grams; “cm” = centimeters; “mg” = milligrams; “num” = number; “DW” = dry weight.

Experimental Results

13 different Barley accessions were grown and characterized for parameters as described above. The average for each of the measured parameters was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Table 81 below. Subsequent correlation analysis between the various transcriptome sets and the measured parameters was conducted (Table 88). Follow, results were integrated to the database.

TABLE 81 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 62.4 64.1 65.2 58.9 63 70.5 52.8 2 0.265 0.229 0.244 0.166 0.295 0.275 0.22 3 35 28.1 28.8 17.9 41.2 29.7 25.2 5 3.56 2.54 2.58 1.57 3.03 2.52 1.55 4 20.2 18 17.3 17.7 14.5 16.8 12.1 6 2.6 2 1.92 3.17 4.33 2.69 3.6 7 1.53 1.33 1.69 1.08 1.42 1.69 1.3 8 134.3 130.5 138.8 114.6 127.8 129.4 103.9 9 12 10.9 11.8 9.9 11.7 11.5 8.9 10 48.8 48.3 37.4 61.9 33.3 41.7 40 11 1.13 2.5 1.69 1.75 2.33 2.31 1.7 12 78.9 66.1 68.5 53.4 68.3 74.2 35.4 Table 81. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = correlation.

TABLE 82 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 60.9 58.1 53 60.4 64.6 56 2 0.278 0.187 0.224 0.273 0.271 0.178 3 35 20.6 27.5 37.1 29.6 19.6 5 2.62 2.3 1.68 2.68 2.35 1.67 4 14.1 21.5 12.1 13.4 15.3 17.1 6 3.5 3 3.67 2.47 3.5 3 7 1.19 1 1.17 1.6 1.08 1.17 8 121.6 126.8 99.8 121.4 118.4 117.2 9 11.2 11.1 8.6 10.2 10.5 9.8 10 40.6 62 49.3 50.6 43.1 51.4 11 2.19 2.3 1.83 3.07 1.58 2.17 12 58.3 62.2 38.3 68.3 56.1 42.7 Table 82. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “Corr.” = correlation.

TABLE 83 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal fertilization conditions across barley accessions Corr. Corr. Gene Exp. Set Gene P Exp. Set Name R P value set ID Name R value set ID LGA1 0.77 8.85E−03 2 6 LGA1 0.77 5.58E−03 3 10 Table 83. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID“-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 80. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 78. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 9 Production of Barley Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis Using 60K Barley Oligonucleotide Micro-Array

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis comparing between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a Barley oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [(dot)chem (dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 60K Barley genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression and yield or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 15 different Barley accessions were analyzed. Among them, 10 accessions encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot)com/hyperstat/A34739(dot)html].

Experimental Procedures

Analyzed Barley tissues—Six tissues stages [leaf, meristem, root tip, adventitious (Adv.) root, spike, stem] at different developmental stages [vegetative (V), reproductive], representing different plant characteristics, were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Tables 84-86 below.

TABLE 84 Barley transcriptome expression sets under drought and recovery conditions Set Expression Set ID Booting spike at reproductive under drought growth conditions 1 Leaf at reproductive under drought growth conditions 2 Leaf at vegetative stage under drought growth conditions 3 Meristems at vegetative stage under drought growth conditions 4 Root tip at vegetative stage under drought growth conditions 5 Root tip at vegetative stage under drought recovery growth conditions 6 Table 84. Provided are the barley transcriptome expression sets under drought and recovery conditions.

TABLE 85 Barley transcriptome expression sets under normal and low nitrogen conditions (set 1) Expression Set Set ID Adventitious roots under low nitrogen conditions 1 Adventitious roots under normal conditions 2 Leaf under low nitrogen conditions 3 Leaf under normal conditions 4 Root tip under low nitrogen conditions 5 Root tip under normal conditions 6 Table 85. Provided are the barley transcriptome expression sets under normal and low nitrogen conditions (set 1-vegetative stage).

TABLE 86 Barley transcriptome expression sets under normal and low nitrogen conditions (set 2) Set Expression Set ID Booting spike at reproductive stage under low Nitrogen growth 1 conditions Booting spike at reproductive stage under Normal growth conditions 2 Leaf at reproductive/stage under low Nitrogen growth conditions 3 Leaf at reproductive/stage under Normal growth conditions 4 Stem at reproductive stage under low Nitrogen growth conditions 5 Stem at reproductive stage under normal growth conditions 6 Table 86. Provided are the barley transcriptome expression sets under normal and low nitrogen conditions (set 2-reproductive stage).

Barley yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—15 Barley accessions in 5 repetitive blocks, each containing 5 plants per pot were grown at net house. Three different treatments were applied: plants were regularly fertilized and watered during plant growth until harvesting (as recommended for commercial growth, normal growth conditions which included irrigation 2-3 times a week, and fertilization given in the first 1.5 months of the growth period); under low Nitrogen (80% percent less Nitrogen); or under drought stress (cycles of drought and re-irrigating were conducted throughout the whole experiment, overall 40% less water were given in the drought treatment). Plants were phenotyped on a daily basis following the parameters listed in Tables 87-89 below. Harvest was conducted while all the spikes were dry. All material was oven dried and the seeds were threshed manually from the spikes prior to measurement of the seed characteristics (weight and size) using scanning and image analysis. The image analysis system included a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37 (Java based image processing program, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet [rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Grain yield (gr.)—At the end of the experiment all spikes of the pots were collected. The total grains from all spikes that were manually threshed were weighted. The grain yield was calculated by per plot or per plant.

Spike length and width analysis—At the end of the experiment the length and width of five chosen spikes per plant were measured using measuring tape excluding the awns.

Spike number analysis—The spikes per plant were counted.

Plant height—Each of the plants was measured for its height using measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the longest spike excluding awns at two time points at the Vegetative growth (30 days after sowing) and at harvest.

Spike weight—The biomass and spikes weight of each plot was separated, measured and divided by the number of plants.

Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours at two time points at the Vegetative growth (30 days after sowing) and at harvest.

Spikelet per spike=number of spikelets per spike was counted.

Root/Shoot Ratio—The Root/Shoot Ratio is calculated using Formula XXII (above).

Total No. of tillers—all tillers were counted per plot at two time points at the Vegetative growth (30 days after sowing) and at harvest.

Percent of reproductive tillers—was calculated based on Formula XXVI (above).

SPAD [SPAD unit]—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at time of flowering. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.

Root FW (gr.), root length (cm) and No. of lateral roots—3 plants per plot were selected for measurement of root weight, root length and for counting the number of lateral roots formed.

Shoot FW (fresh weight)—weight of 3 plants per plot were recorded at different time-points.

Average Grain Area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the spike. A sample of ˜200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Average Grain Length and width (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the spike. A sample of ˜200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths or width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains

Average Grain perimeter (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the spike. A sample of ˜200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain perimeter was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Heading date—the day in which booting stage was observed was recorded and number of days from sowing to heading was calculated.

Relative water content—was calculated based on Formula I.

Harvest Index (for barley)—The harvest index is calculated using Formula XVIII (above).

Relative growth rate: the relative growth rates (RGR) of Plant Height, SPAD and number of tillers were calculated based on Formulas III, IV and V respectively.

RATIO Drought/Normal: Represent ratio for the specified parameter of Drought condition results divided by Normal conditions results (maintenance of phenotype under drought in comparison to normal conditions).

Data parameters collected are summarized in Table 87-89, hereinbelow

TABLE 87 Barley correlated parameters (vectors) under drought or drought recovery conditions Correlation Correlated parameter with ID Grain yield [gr.] 1 Harvest index 2 Heading date [days] 3 No. of lateral roots [num] 4 Plant height TP1 [cm] 5 Plant height TP2 [cm] 6 Relative water content [%] 7 RGR of Plant Height [cm/day] 8 RGR of SPAD [SPAD unit/day] 9 RGR of Tillers [tiller/day] 10 Root FW [gr.] 11 Root length [cm] 12 Shoot FW [gr.] 13 Spike length [cm] 14 Spike number [num] 15 Spike weight [gr.] 16 Spike width [cm] 17 Total No. of tillers TP1 [num] 18 Total No. of tillers TP2 [num] 19 Table 87. Provided are the barley correlated parameters. “DW” = dry weight; “gr = gram; “num” = number; “cm” = centimeter; “RGR” = relative growth rate; “TP” = time point.

TABLE 88 Barley correlated parameters (vectors) under low nitrogen and normal growth conditions (set 1) Correlated parameter with Correlation ID Grain yield [gr.], Normal 1 Grain yield [gr.], Low N 2 No. of lateral roots [num], Normal 3 No. of lateral roots [num], Low N 4 Plant height TP1 [cm], Normal 5 Plant height TP1 [cm], Low N 6 Plant height TP2 [cm], Normal 7 Plant height TP2 [cm], Low N 8 Root FW [gr.], Normal 9 Root FW [gr.], Low N 10 Root length [cm], Normal 11 Root length [cm], Low N 12 Shoot FW [gr.], Normal 13 Shoot FW [gr.], Low N 14 SPAD [SPAD unit], Normal 15 SPAD [SPAD unit], Low N 16 Spike length [cm], Normal 17 Spike length [cm], Low N 18 Spike number [num], Normal 19 Spike number [num], Low N 20 Spike weight [gr.], Normal 21 Spike weight [gr.], Low N 22 Spike width [cm], Normal 23 Spike width [cm], Low N 24 Total No. of tillers [num], Normal 25 Total No. of tillers [num], Low N 26 Table 88. Provided are the barley correlated parameters. “TP” = time point; “DW” = dry weight; “FW” = fresh weight; “Low N” = Low Nitrogen growth conditions; “Normal” = regular growth conditions. “Max” = maximum; “gr.” = gram; “num” = number; “cm” = centimeter.

TABLE 89 Barley correlated parameters (vectors) under low nitrogen or normal conditions (set 2) Correlated parameter with Corr. ID Average Grain Area (H) [cm²] 1 Grain yield per plant (reproductive) [gr.] 2 Grain yield per plot (reproductive) [gr.] 3 Percent of reproductive tillers [%] 4 Plant height (reproductive) TP2 [cm] 5 Total No. of tillers TP2 (H) [num] 6 Table 89. Provided are the barley correlated parameters. “TP” = time point; “DW” = dry weight; “FW” = fresh weight; “Low N” = Low Nitrogen growth conditions; “Normal” = regular growth conditions. “Max” = maximum; “gr.” = gram; “H” = harvest; “cm” = centimeter; “num” = number.

Experimental Results

15 different Barley accessions were grown and characterized for different parameters as described above. Tables 87-89 describe the Barley correlated parameters. The average for each of the measured parameters was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in 90-98 below. Subsequent correlation analysis between the various transcriptome sets and the average parameters (Tables 99-101) was conducted. Follow, results were integrated to the database.

TABLE 90 Measured parameters correlation IDs in Barley accessions under drought and recovery conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 1 5.55 9.8 3.55 7.2 5.28 2 0.474 0.66 0.526 0.687 0.526 3 75 71 65 66.8 4 8.33 8.67 7.33 7.67 6.67 5 33.3 27 31.3 34.2 31.3 6 46 52.8 35 38 45.2 8 0.273 0.856 0.733 0.881 0.401 9 0.087 −0.123 0.001 0.01 0.037 10 0.07 0.097 0.059 0.071 0.164 7 80.6 53.4 55.9 43.2 11 2.07 1.48 1.12 1.87 1.67 12 21.7 20.3 22 24 20.7 13 1.9 1.52 1.17 1.95 1.9 14 16.7 16.8 13.3 13.5 14.2 15 4.2 4.36 7.6 8.44 4.92 16 17.7 24.2 18.2 18 19.5 17 8.64 9.07 7.82 7.32 8.74 18 2 2 1.67 1.67 2 19 11.7 9 10.9 10.2 10.3 Table 90. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above in Table 87) measured in Barley accessions (line) under drought growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 91 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions under drought and recovery conditions Line Corr. ID Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 1 7.75 9.92 10.25 8.5 14.03 2 0.686 0.687 0.752 0.6 0.809 3 90 90 90 4 6.67 7.67 6.67 6 8.67 5 30.3 28.7 38.7 33.7 28.4 6 48 37.7 41.2 40.8 49.9 8 0.939 0.699 0.713 0.774 0.8 9 −0.072 0.013 0.003 −0.063 0.035 10 0.061 0.104 0.049 0.1 0.061 7 69.8 45.5 76.5 87.4 11 1.68 1.62 0.85 1.45 1.38 12 18.3 21 20.3 21.7 19.7 13 1.22 1.75 1.58 1.88 1.73 14 15.6 15.7 17.5 16 18.3 15 3.43 6.9 5.8 8.55 9.67 16 15 23.4 28.2 22 33 17 7.62 6.98 8.05 6.06 6.72 18 1.67 2.33 1 2.33 3 19 8.8 13 7.4 13.9 11 Table 91. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above in Table 87) measured in Barley accessions (line) under drought growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 92 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions under drought and recovery conditions Line Corr. ID Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 Line-15 1 17.52 2.05 5.38 11 2.56 2 0.869 0.286 0.439 0.78 0.406 3 90 81.6 90 4 7.67 6.33 7 7 6.67 5 27.5 25 27 31 22.3 6 43 47.4 64.8 52.6 32 8 0.915 0.388 0.884 −0.13 0.198 9 0.05 −0.004 −0.072 0.025 −0.063 10 0.063 0.183 0.149 0.022 0.442 7 58.3 80.6 73.1 11 0.82 0.58 0.63 1.07 0.7 12 16.7 17 15.2 27 15 13 1 0.9 0.9 1.43 0.83 14 17.4 14.2 14.8 16.5 12.7 15 5.42 3.05 4.07 3.72 3.21 16 34.8 11.7 18.8 21 9.9 17 9.55 7.84 7.81 8.35 5.47 18 1 1 1 1 1 19 6.8 8.4 9.2 5.1 16.1 Table 92. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above in Table 87) measured in Barley accessions (line) under drought growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 93 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions under low nitrogen and normal conditions (set 1) Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 2 9.76 7.31 3.3 5.06 6.02 9.74 7.35 5.8 7.83 6.29 1 46.4 19.8 10.8 22.6 30.3 54.1 37 42 35.4 38.3 4 5 6 4.33 6 6.33 6 6.67 4.67 5.67 7.33 6 41 82 61.4 59.4 65.8 47.8 53.8 56.4 81.8 44.6 8 16.3 18.8 17.3 26 22.5 18.2 19.7 19.8 19.2 19.2 10 0.383 0.233 0.117 0.4 0.883 0.5 0.433 0.317 0.3 0.55 12 24.7 21.7 22 21.7 22.2 23 30.5 22.8 23.8 24.5 16 24 23.3 26.5 23.9 26.6 23.2 25.4 24.2 25 26.1 14 0.433 0.433 0.333 0.583 0.783 0.533 0.45 0.433 0.5 0.617 18 15.2 19.6 16.3 19.3 90.2 16.4 20.4 18.8 18.8 16.6 20 12.2 9 11.6 25 7.8 14.5 15 7 5.4 8.4 22 13.7 13.4 9.2 11.6 11.3 15.1 12.2 10.9 12.2 10.6 24 7.95 8.13 9.43 4.94 9.6 7.16 7.06 8.51 10.01 9.4 26 16.2 14.6 16 20.8 12.5 18.8 21.2 11 6.8 14 Table 93. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above in Table 88) measured in Barley accessions (line) under low N and normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 94 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions under normal conditions (set 1) Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 3 7 8.67 8.33 9.67 10.7 9.67 9.67 8.67 10 9.67 5 39.2 37 36.8 49.8 46.8 34.8 43.2 35.7 46.2 40.2 7 64.7 84 67.4 82 72 56.6 65.8 62.8 91.6 66.2 9 0.267 0.267 0.25 0.35 0.617 0.267 0.35 0.317 0.233 0.267 11 21.3 15 21.8 20.3 27.2 16 24 13.5 21.5 15.2 15 39.1 41.4 35.2 33.7 34.2 42.8 37 36.9 35 36.8 13 2.17 1.9 1.25 3 15.6 3.02 2.58 1.75 2.18 1.82 17 16.5 19.2 18.3 20.4 17.2 19.1 20.3 21.7 16.5 16.1 19 41.5 32 36 71.4 34.2 45.6 49.8 28 19.3 38 21 69.4 39.4 34.9 50.3 60.8 79.1 62.7 60 55.9 59.7 23 9.54 9.05 8.25 6.55 10.5 8.83 7.38 10.4 10.2 10.3 25 46.7 41.6 40 48.8 34.6 48.6 49.2 29 27.5 38.8 Table 94. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above in Table 88) measured in Barley accessions (line) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 95 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions under normal conditions (set 2) Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 1 0.246 0.241 0.238 0.232 0.237 0.248 0.244 0.218 2 6.65 3.96 9.27 7.65 6.06 10.83 7.94 7.4 3 33.2 19.8 46.4 38.3 30.3 54.1 39.7 37 4 82.3 77.7 86.7 94.2 89.7 93.7 89.5 90.3 5 76.4 84 64.7 66.2 72 56.6 68 65.8 6 44.2 41.6 46.7 38.8 34.6 48.6 32.4 55.2 Table 95. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above in Table 89) measured in Barley accessions (line) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 96 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions under normal conditions (set 2) Corr. Line ID Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 Line-15 1 0.232 0.223 0.235 0.213 0.177 0.191 0.174 2 4.52 8.41 2 8.05 7.07 0.75 1.14 3 22.6 39.7 10.8 40.3 35.4 3.7 5.7 4 91.2 92.5 91.7 85.3 5 82 62.8 67.4 76.2 91.6 44 52.8 6 50.6 29 40 28.5 27.5 26 Table 96 Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above in Table 89) measured in Barley accessions (line) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 97 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions under low nitrogen conditions (set 2) Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 1 0.25 0.251 0.255 0.235 0.249 0.227 0.227 0.205 2 1.34 1.46 1.95 1.26 1.13 1.95 1.28 1.47 3 6.68 7.31 9.76 6.29 5.67 9.74 6.4 7.35 4 68.7 61.8 76.9 59.6 65.6 79.8 73.8 71 5 75.2 82 41 44.6 65.8 47.8 60.6 53.8 6 16 14.6 16.2 14 12.5 18.8 11.6 21.2 Table 97. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above in Table 89) measured in Barley accessions (line) under low N growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 98 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions under low nitrogen conditions (set 2) Corr. Line ID Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 Line-15 1 0.235 0.201 0.222 0.234 0.193 0.19 0.17 2 0.98 1.16 0.92 1.33 1.57 0.29 0.22 3 5.06 5.43 4.62 6.67 7.83 1.44 1.12 4 95.8 64.9 68.8 74.2 81.4 37.1 5 59.4 56.4 61.4 65.6 81.8 69 57.4 6 23.5 11 16 10.8 6.8 35 Table 98. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above in Table 89) measured in Barley accessions (line) under low N growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 99 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under drought and recovery conditions across Barley accessions Gene P Exp. Corr. Gene P Exp. Corr. Name R value set Set ID Name R value set Set ID LGA1 0.77 7.57E−02 1 16 LGA1 0.82 4.50E−02 1 14 LGA1 0.87 4.46E−03 3 16 LGA1 0.83 1.09E−02 3 1 LGA1 0.75 3.05E−02 3 18 LGA1 0.77 2.47E−02 3 2 LGA1 0.83 1.97E−02 2 5 LGA1 0.78 6.65E−02 5 3 LGA2 0.85 3.13E−02 1 6 LGA2 0.72 1.07E−01 1 16 LGA2 0.77 7.28E−02 1 2 LGA2 0.75 3.26E−02 3 9 LGA2 0.72 2.77E−02 6 1 LGA2 0.76 1.85E−02 6 2 LGA2 0.73 6.43E−02 2 12 LGA2 0.87 9.97E−03 2 5 LGA2 0.90 1.41E−02 5 3 LGA2 0.77 2.46E−02 5 18 LGA2 0.75 2.06E−02 4 18 LGA2 0.80 1.02E−02 4 15 Table 99. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”—correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 87. “Exp. Set”—Expression set specified in Table 84. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 100 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal and low nitrogen growth conditions across Barley accessions (set 1) Gene P Exp. Corr. Gene P Exp. Corr. Name R value set Set ID Name R value set Set ID LGA1 0.81 1.38E−02 6 25 LGA1 0.76 1.81E−02 1 24 LGA1 0.81 7.49E−03 1 4 LGA1 0.80 1.83E−02 4 19 LGA1 0.82 1.30E−02 4 25 LGA2 0.72 4.19E−02 6 3 LGA2 0.91 6.79E−04 1 24 LGA2 0.91 6.44E−04 1 18 Table 100. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”—correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 88. “Exp. Set”—Expression set specified in Table 85. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 101 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under low nitrogen and normal growth conditions across Barley accessions (set 2) Gene Corr. Name R P value Exp. set Set ID LGA1 0.90 1.01E−03 6 4 Table 101. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 89. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 86. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 10 Production of Tomato Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis Using 44K Tomato Oligonucleotide Micro-Array

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between ABST and NUE related phenotypes and gene expression, the present inventors utilized a Tomato oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem (dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 44,000 Tomato genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with ABST, NUE, yield components or vigor related parameters various plant characteristics of 18 different Tomato varieties were analyzed. Among them, 10 varieties encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane(dot)com/hyperstat/A34739(dot)html].

I. Correlation of Tomato Varieties Across Ecotypes Grown Under Drought, Low Nitrogen and Regular Growth Conditions

Experimental Procedures:

Ten Tomato varieties were grown in 3 repetitive blocks, each containing 6 plants per plot, at net house. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows:

1. Regular growth conditions: Tomato varieties were grown under normal conditions: 4-6 Liters/m² of water per day and fertilized with NPK (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium at a ratio 6:6:6, respectively) as recommended in protocols for commercial tomato production.

2. Drought stress: Tomato varieties were grown under normal conditions (4-6 Liters/m² per day with fertilizers) until flowering. At this time, irrigation was reduced to 50% compared to normal conditions.

3. Low Nitrogen fertilization conditions: Tomato varieties were grown under normal conditions (4-6 Liters/m² per day and fertilized with NPK as recommended in protocols for commercial tomato production) until flowering. At this time, Nitrogen fertilization was stopped.

Plants were phenotyped on a daily basis following the standard descriptor of tomato (Table 103). Harvest was conducted while 50% of the fruits were red (mature). Plants were separated to the vegetative part and fruits, of them, 2 nodes were analyzed for additional inflorescent parameters such as size, number of flowers, and inflorescent weight. Fresh weight of all vegetative material was measured. Fruits were separated to colors (red vs. green) and in accordance with the fruit size (small, medium and large). Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Analyzed tomato tissues—Two tissues at different developmental stages [flower and leaf], representing different plant characteristics, were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. For convenience, each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 102 below.

TABLE 102 Tomato transcriptome expression sets Set Expression Set ID Leaf, under normal growth conditions  1 Flower, under normal growth conditions  2 Leaf, under low Nitrogen growth conditions  3 Flower, under low Nitrogen growth conditions  4 Leaf, under drought growth conditions  5 Flower, under drought growth conditions  6 Leaf, under drought growth conditions  7 Flower, under drought growth conditions  8 Leaf, under low Nitrogen growth conditions  9 Flower, under low Nitrogen growth conditions 10 Leaf, under normal growth conditions 11 Flower, under normal growth conditions 12 Table 102: Provided are the tomato transcriptome expression sets (measured in a tomato field experiment).

Data parameters collected are summarized in Table 103 below. The average for each of the measured parameters was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 104-111 below. Subsequent correlation analysis was conducted (Table 112) with the correlation coefficient (R) and the p-values. Results were integrated to the database.

TABLE 103 Tomato correlated parameters (vectors) Corr. Correlated parameter with ID 100 weight green fruit [gr.], under Drought growth conditions  1 100 weight green fruit [gr], under Normal growth conditions  2 100 weight green fruit [gr], under low Nitrogen growth conditions  3 100 weight red fruit [gr], under Drought growth conditions  4 100 weight red fruit [gr], under Normal growth conditions  5 100 weight red fruit [gr], under low Nitrogen growth conditions  6 average red fruit weight [gr], under Drought growth conditions  7 average red fruit weight [gr], under Normal growth conditions  8 average red fruit weight [gr], under low Nitrogen growth  9 conditions Cluster (flower) Weight [gr], low N/Normal (the ratio between 10 the results under low N conditions divided by the results under normal conditions) flower cluster weight [ratio], Drought/Normal (ratio) 11 flower cluster weight [ratio], Drought/low N (ratio) 12 Fruit [ratio], Drought/low N (ratio) 13 Fruit [ratio], low N/Normal (ratio) 14 Fruit Yield/Plant [gr], under Drought growth conditions 15 Fruit yield/Plant [gr], under Normal growth conditions 16 Fruit Yield/Plant [gr], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 17 Fruit Yield [ratio], Drought/Normal (ratio) 18 FW/Plant [gr], under Drought growth conditions 19 FW/Plant [gr], under Normal growth conditions 20 FW/Plant [gr], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 21 FW [ratio], Drought/Normal (ratio) 22 FW [ratio], NUE/Normal (ratio) 23 Harvest index [yield/yield + biomass], under Normal growth 24 conditions Harvest index [yield/yield + biomass], under low Nitrogen growth 25 conditions Leaflet Length [cm], under Drought growth conditions 26 Leaflet Length [cm], under Normal growth conditions 27 Leaflet Length [cm], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 28 Leaflet Width [cm], under Drought growth conditions 29 Leaflet Width [cm], under Normal growth conditions 30 Leaflet Width [cm], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 31 No flowers [num], under Normal growth conditions 32 No flowers [num], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 33 NUE2 [total biomass/SPAD], under Normal growth conditions 34 NUE2 [total biomass/SPAD], under low Nitrogen growth 35 conditions NUE [yield/SPAD], under Normal growth conditions 36 NUE [yield/SPAD], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 37 Num. Flowers [ratio], Low N/Normal (ratio) 38 Num of Flowers [num], under Drought growth conditions 39 Num of Flowers [ratio], Drought/Normal (ratio) 40 Num of Flowers [ratio], Drought/low N (ratio) 41 NUpE [biomass/SPAD], under Normal growth conditions 42 NUpE [biomass/SPAD], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 43 Red fruit weight [ratio], Drought/Normal (ratio) 44 RWC [%], under Drought growth conditions 45 RWC Drought/Normal [ratio] (ratio) 46 RWC [%], under Normal growth conditions 47 RWC [%], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 48 RWC NUE/Normal [ratio] (ratio) 49 SLA [leaf area/plant biomass], under Normal growth conditions 50 SLA [leaf area/plant biomass], under low Nitrogen growth 51 conditions SPAD 100% RWC NUE/Normal [ratio] (ratio) 52 SPAD 100% RWC, [SPAD unit], under Normal growth conditions 53 SPAD 100% RWC [SPAD unit], under low Nitrogen growth 54 conditions SPAD NUE/Normal [ratio] (ratio) 55 SPAD under Low Nitrogen growth conditions [SPAD unit] 56 SPAD [SPAD unit], under Normal growth conditions 57 Total Leaf Area) [cm²], under Drought growth conditions 58 Total Leaf Area [cm²], under Normal growth conditions 59 Total Leaf Area [cm²], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 60 Weight clusters (flowers) [gr], under low Nitrogen growth 61 conditions Weight flower clusters [gr], under Drought growth conditions 62 Weight Flower clusters [gr], under Normal growth conditions 63 Yield/SLA [ratio], under Normal growth conditions 64 Yield/SLA [ratio], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 65 Yield/total leaf area [ratio], under Normal growth conditions 66 Yield/total leaf area [ratio], under low Nitrogen growth conditions 67 Table 103. Provided are the tomato correlated parameters. “gr.” = grams; “FW” = fresh weight; “NUE” = nitrogen use efficiency; “RWC” = relative water content; “NUpE” = nitrogen uptake efficiency; “SPAD” = chlorophyll levels; “HI” = harvest index (vegetative weight divided on yield); “SLA” = specific leaf area (leaf area divided by leaf dry weight); “num” = number; “cm” = centimeter.

Fruit Yield (grams)—At the end of the experiment [when 50% of the fruit were ripe (red)] all fruits from plots within blocks A-C were collected. The total fruits were counted and weighted. The average fruits weight was calculated by dividing the total fruit weight by the number of fruits.

Yield/SLA—Fruit yield divided by the specific leaf area, gives a measurement of the balance between reproductive and vegetative processes.

Yield/total leaf area—Fruit yield divided by the total leaf area, gives a measurement of the balance between reproductive and vegetative processes.

Plant Fresh Weight (grams)—At the end of the experiment [when 50% of the fruit were ripe (red)] all plants from plots within blocks A-C were collected. Fresh weight was measured (grams).

Inflorescence Weight (grams)—At the end of the experiment [when 50% of the fruits were ripe (red)] two inflorescence from plots within blocks A-C were collected. The inflorescence weight (gr.) and number of flowers per inflorescence were counted.

SPAD [SPAD unit]—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at time of flowering. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.

Water use efficiency (WUE)—can be determined as the biomass produced per unit transpiration. To analyze WUE, leaf relative water content was measured in control and transgenic plants. Fresh weight (FW) was immediately recorded; then leaves were soaked for 8 hours in distilled water at room temperature in the dark, and the turgid weight (TW) was recorded. Total dry weight (DW) was recorded after drying the leaves at 60° C. to a constant weight. Relative water content (RWC) was calculated according to the Formula I (above).

Plants that maintain high relative water content (RWC) compared to control lines were considered more tolerant to drought than those exhibiting a reduced relative water content.

Experimental Results

TABLE 104 Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under drought conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 22 1.72 0.34 0.61 2.63 1.18 1.36 4.02 1.01 0.61 19 2.62 1.09 1.85 2.22 2.63 2.71 3.41 2.11 1.95 18 0.57 1.41 1.27 2.88 4.2 0.55 0.09 1.03 1.39 15 0.467 0.483 0.629 0.347 2.044 0.25 0.045 0.453 0.292 13 1.15 0.73 1.32 0.76 1.51 0.71 5.06 0.89 0.67 39 16.7 6.5 15.7 20.3 11.7 25.3 29.7 17.3 14.7 41 0.88 1.22 1.74 1.56 1.09 1.52 4.96 1.08 0.98 40 2.94 0.34 2.47 2.65 1.21 3.04 5.95 2.08 1.47 46 0.99 0.97 1.02 1.08 1.21 0.88 1.34 0.28 1.13 45 72.1 74.5 65.3 72.2 66.1 68.3 78.1 18.5 73.2 44 0.19 24.37 25.38 0.02 20.26 0.04 0.15 0.02 0.86 62 0.368 0.407 0.325 0.288 0.551 0.311 0.445 0.555 0.304 7 0.0092 0.1948 0.209 0.0047 0.102 0.0019 0.0346 0.0063 0.0053 12 0.69 1.11 1.06 0.82 1.16 1.25 1.52 1.19 0.76 11 0.32 1.19 0.47 0.01 1.25 0.03 0.56 0.96 0.42 Table 104: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Line) under drought conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 105 Additional Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under drought conditions Line Corr. ID Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 Line-15 Line-16 Line-17 Line-18 22 0.64 0.95 0.51 1.17 1.94 0.35 1.06 0.21 0.48 19 1.76 1.72 1.92 2.21 3.73 0.75 1.76 0.63 1.11 18 3.28 0.91 2.62 0.32 2.48 0.41 1.62 1.76 1.42 15 1.017 0.6 0.494 0.272 0.679 0.14 0.529 0.554 0.414 13 2.17 0.38 1.27 0.84 1.51 0.98 1.34 0.38 0.84 39 29.7 15 10.3 18.3 12 20.3 12.7 12.7 11.3 41 4.94 0.88 0.79 2.12 1.29 1.61 1.9 1.36 1.42 40 4.24 1.67 1.29 3.44 1.5 2.65 1.41 1.19 1.26 46 0.83 1.01 1.2 1.11 1.97 0.72 0.75 1.01 0.83 45 62.5 67.2 75.8 62.8 70.7 55.8 75.2 63.7 62.3 44 0.74 0.09 1.72 0.17 0.02 10.5 27.89 11.79 9.98 62 0.315 0.308 0.311 8.36 0.288 0.342 0.441 0.268 0.426 7 0.0049 0.0052 0.012 0.0045 0.0063 0.3032 0.1376 0.0405 0.0885 12 1.04 0.38 0.78 24.12 0.67 0.97 0.99 0.95 0.91 11 0.38 0.36 0.62 8.2 0.41 0.91 0.67 0.38 1.31 1 0.8 0.28 0.38 0.63 2.86 1.16 4.4 4 0.89 0.35 0.63 2.27 7.4 2.94 11.6 26 5.15 3.38 7.14 5.48 8.62 6.35 6.77 29 2.55 2.04 4.17 3.09 4.69 3.87 2.91 58 337.6 130.8 557.9 176.7 791.9 517 832.3 Table 105. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Line) under drought conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 106 Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under normal conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 20 1.53 3.17 3.02 0.84 2.24 1.98 0.85 2.09 3.21 16 0.826 0.342 0.494 0.121 0.487 0.454 0.529 0.44 0.21 32 5.67 19.33 6.33 7.67 9.67 8.33 5 8.33 10 47 72.8 76.5 64.3 67.1 54.8 77.6 58.2 66.5 64.7 53 36.2 28.4 35.9 31.1 26.4 33.7 25 35.5 37.9 57 49.7 37.2 55.8 46.4 48.2 43.4 42.9 53.3 58.5 63 1.17 0.34 0.69 56.35 0.44 11.31 0.79 0.58 0.73 8 0.0479 0.008 0.0082 0.2861 0.005 0.0541 0.2306 0.2898 0.0061 24 0.351 0.097 0.14 0.125 0.179 0.186 0.384 0.174 0.061 36 0.0166 0.0092 0.0089 0.0026 0.0101 0.0105 0.0123 0.0083 0.0036 34 0.0473 0.0945 0.063 0.0208 0.0565 0.0562 0.0321 0.0474 0.0584 42 0.0307 0.0853 0.0542 0.0182 0.0464 0.0457 0.0198 0.0392 0.0548 2 0.56 3.05 0.24 2.58 6.32 5.75 0.38 5 0.82 2.46 0.5 2.76 5.32 5.24 0.61 27 6.34 7.99 5.59 7.7 7.85 6.22 6.16 30 3.69 4.77 3.43 4.56 4.44 3.15 3.37 50 141 689.7 130.2 299.1 1117.7 111.8 106.3 59 426.1 582.4 291.4 593.6 947.6 233.4 340.7 64 0.0035 0.0002 0.0037 0.0015 0.0005 0.0039 0.002 66 0.0012 0.0002 0.0017 0.0008 0.0006 0.0019 0.0006 Table 107: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Line) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 108 Additional measured parameters in Tomato accessions under normal conditions Line Corr. ID Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 Line-15 Line-16 Line-17 Line-18 20 2.75 1.81 3.77 1.89 1.93 2.14 1.65 3.01 2.29 16 0.31 0.662 0.189 0.852 0.273 0.347 0.327 0.314 0.291 32 7 9 8 5.33 8 7.67 9 10.67 9 47 75.2 66.2 63.2 56.8 36 77.6 100 63.2 75.1 53 38.4 26.5 30.1 32.9 17.4 33.8 54.5 26.3 44.4 57 51.1 40 47.6 57.9 48.3 43.6 54.5 41.6 59.1 63 0.83 0.86 0.5 1.02 0.7 0.38 0.66 0.7 0.33 8 0.0066 0.0577 0.007 0.0264 0.2611 0.0289 0.0049 0.0034 0.0089 24 0.101 0.268 0.048 0.311 0.124 0.139 0.165 0.095 0.113 36 0.0061 0.0166 0.004 0.0147 0.0057 0.008 0.006 0.0076 0.0049 34 0.06 0.0618 0.0832 0.0473 0.0455 0.0571 0.0363 0.0799 0.0437 42 0.0539 0.0453 0.0792 0.0326 0.0399 0.0492 0.0303 0.0724 0.0388 2 0.3 1.95 2.53 1.42 2.03 1.39 2.27 0.45 0.42 5 0.66 2.7 0.7 2.64 4.67 2.17 0.49 0.34 0.75 27 5.65 4.39 4.44 6.77 7.42 6.71 5.87 4.16 10.29 30 3.13 2.4 2.02 3.8 3.74 2.98 3.22 2.09 5.91 50 123.1 105 111.9 307.9 419.4 365.8 212.9 84.9 469.9 59 339.1 190.1 421.8 581.3 807.5 784.1 351.8 255.8 1078.1 64 0.0025 0.0063 0.0017 0.0028 0.0007 0.0009 0.0015 0.0037 0.0006 66 0.0009 0.0035 0.0004 0.0015 0.0003 0.0004 0.0009 0.0012 0.0003 Table 109: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Line) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 110 Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under low nitrogen conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 10 0.457 1.072 0.442 0.006 1.076 0.022 0.371 0.809 0.548 23 2.65 0.38 0.74 3.01 0.83 1.54 3.7 1.22 0.58 21 4.04 1.21 2.25 2.54 1.85 3.06 3.13 2.54 1.84 17 0.406 0.66 0.477 0.458 1.351 0.354 0.009 0.509 0.436 14 0.49 1.93 0.97 3.8 2.78 0.78 0.02 1.16 2.07 33 19 5.3 9 13 10.7 16.7 6 16 15 38 3.35 0.28 1.42 1.7 1.1 2 1.2 1.92 1.5 48 74.1 99.1 69.5 63.2 77.4 77.9 80.5 67.4 67.2 49 1.02 1.3 1.08 0.94 1.41 1 1.38 1.01 1.04 52 0.79 1.37 0.92 0.75 1.31 0.97 1.11 0.95 0.79 54 28.5 39 33 23.4 34.5 32.5 27.7 33.7 30 56 38.4 39.4 47.5 37 44.6 41.7 34.4 50 44.7 55 0.773 1.059 0.851 0.797 0.925 0.961 0.802 0.938 0.764 61 0.533 0.367 0.307 0.35 0.473 0.249 0.293 0.467 0.4 9 0.0239 0.1907 0.0065 0.0053 0.0963 0.0044 0.0055 0.0075 0.0058 3 0.87 3.66 0.57 0.37 3.4 0.68 0.45 0.47 0.54 25 0.091 0.352 0.175 0.153 0.422 0.104 0.003 0.167 0.191 28 6.4 5.92 3.69 5.43 6.95 3.73 4.39 6.72 6.66 31 3.47 1.97 1.79 2.55 3.52 1.73 1.87 3.54 3.28 37 0.0142 0.0169 0.0144 0.0196 0.0391 0.0109 0.0003 0.0151 0.0145 35 0.1562 0.048 0.0825 0.128 0.0927 0.1051 0.1136 0.0906 0.0759 43 0.1419 0.0311 0.068 0.1085 0.0536 0.0942 0.1133 0.0755 0.0614 51 140 317.1 131.3 148.8 257.5 64.3 144.6 246.1 405.5 60 565.9 384.8 294.8 378 476.4 197.1 453.2 625.5 748 65 0.0029 0.0021 0.0036 0.0031 0.0052 0.0055 0.0001 0.0021 0.0011 67 0.0007 0.0017 0.0016 0.0012 0.0028 0.0018 0 0.0008 0.0006 6 1.06 6.87 0.65 0.53 7.17 0.44 0.55 0.75 Table 110: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Line) under low nitrogen growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 111 Additional measured parameters in Tomato accessions under low nitrogen conditions Line Corr. ID Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 Line-15 Line-16 Line-17 Line-18 10 0.364 0.953 0.8 0.34 0.611 0.938 0.677 0.404 1.439 23 0.55 1.06 0.49 1.31 1.36 0.51 0.71 0.31 0.47 21 1.52 1.91 1.86 2.47 2.62 1.08 1.17 0.92 1.09 17 0.468 1.593 0.388 0.323 0.449 0.143 0.396 1.442 0.495 14 1.51 2.41 2.06 0.38 1.64 0.41 1.21 4.59 1.7 33 6 17 13 8.7 9.3 12.7 6.7 9.3 8 38 0.86 1.89 1.62 1.62 1.17 1.65 0.74 0.88 0.89 48 66.1 69.6 69.3 100 57.7 90.8 68 59.6 72.2 49 0.88 1.05 1.1 1.76 1.6 1.17 0.68 0.94 0.96 52 0.92 0.94 1.36 1.44 1.5 1.05 0.56 1.48 0.84 54 35.5 24.8 40.8 47.5 26.1 35.4 30.6 39 37.5 56 53.7 35.7 58.8 47.5 45.2 39 45 65.3 51.9 55 1.051 0.892 1.235 0.82 0.936 0.894 0.826 1.57 0.878 61 0.303 0.82 0.4 0.347 0.428 0.353 0.447 0.283 0.47 9 0.0127 0.0212 0.0052 0.0057 0.0475 0.3573 0.0367 0.6265 3 0.39 0.97 0.91 0.36 0.35 0.57 4.38 2.02 8.13 25 0.236 0.454 0.173 0.115 0.146 0.116 0.253 0.61 0.313 28 4.39 3.9 5.29 6.32 5.11 4.72 6.83 7.1 8.21 31 2.52 2.61 2.61 3.58 2.56 2.48 3.43 3.3 3.69 37 0.0132 0.0642 0.0095 0.0068 0.0172 0.004 0.0129 0.037 0.0132 35 0.0559 0.1413 0.055 0.0589 0.1178 0.0347 0.051 0.0606 0.0423 43 0.0427 0.0771 0.0455 0.0521 0.1006 0.0307 0.0381 0.0236 0.029 51 299.3 86.2 182.3 160.2 90.1 161 379 531.1 650.7 60 454 164.9 338.3 396 236.1 174.6 441.8 489.2 707.8 65 0.0016 0.0185 0.0021 0.002 0.005 0.0009 0.001 0.0027 0.0008 67 0.001 0.0097 0.0011 0.0008 0.0019 0.0008 0.0009 0.0029 0.0007 6 0.58 1.27 1.34 0.52 0.57 0.94 6.17 3.67 11.32 Table 111: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Line) under low nitrogen growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 112 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under low nitrogen, normal or drought stress conditions across Tomato accessions Gene P Exp. Corr. Gene P Exp. Corr. Name R value set Set ID Name R value set Set ID LGD2 0.76 1.10E−02 10 3 LGD2 0.78 7.59E−03 10 6 LGD2 0.76 1.06E−02 4 10 LGD24 0.72 1.77E−02 6 19 LGD24 0.75 1.31E−02 4 33 LGD25 0.73 2.61E−02 11 42 LGD25 0.70 3.43E−02 11 34 LGD25 0.91 2.59E−04 1 63 LGD25 0.82 4.00E−03 4 54 LGD25 0.90 3.82E−04 5 39 LGD25 0.73 1.74E−02 5 40 LGD25 0.88 8.75E−04 5 41 LGD26 0.75 2.02E−02 11 24 LGD26 0.76 1.12E−02 2 57 LGD26 0.74 1.42E−02 2 53 LGD26 0.73 1.70E−02 5 40 LGD26 0.79 6.61E−03 5 41 Table 112. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”—correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 103. “Exp. Set”—Expression set specified in Table 102. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 11 Production of Soybean (Glycine max) Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield Parameters Using 44K B. Soybean Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis, the present inventors utilized a Soybean oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 42,000 Soybean genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with yield components or plant architecture related parameters or plant vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 29 different Glycine max varieties were analyzed and 26 varieties were further used for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test.

Correlation of Glycine max Genes' Expression Levels with Phenotypic Characteristics Across Ecotype

Experimental Procedures

29 Soybean varieties were grown in three repetitive plots, in field. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows: Soybean seeds were sown in soil and grown under normal conditions (no irrigation, good organomic particles) which included high temperature about 82.38(° F.), low temperature about 58.54(° F.); total precipitation rainfall from May through September (from sowing until harvest) was about 16.97 inch.

In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with yield components or plant architecture related parameters or vigor related parameters, 26 different Soybean varieties (out of 29 varieties) were analyzed and used for gene expression analyses. Analysis was performed at two pre-determined time periods: at pod set (when the soybean pods are formed) and at harvest time (when the soybean pods are ready for harvest, with mature seeds).

For convenience, each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 113 below.

TABLE 113 Soybean transcriptome expression sets Set Expression Set ID Apical meristem at vegetative stage under  1 normal growth condition Leaf at vegetative stage under normal growth condition  2 Leaf at flowering stage under normal growth condition  3 Leaf at pod setting stage under normal growth condition  4 Root at vegetative stage under normal growth condition  5 Root at flowering stage under normal growth condition  6 Root at pod setting stage under normal growth condition  7 Stem at vegetative stage under normal growth condition  8 Stem at pod setting stage under normal growth condition  9 Flower bud at flowering stage under normal growth condition 10 Pod (R3-R4) at pod setting stage under normal growth condition 11 Table 113: Provided are the soybean transcriptome expression sets.

RNA extraction—All 12 selected Soybean varieties were sample per treatment. Plant tissues [leaf, root, Stem, Pod, apical meristem, Flower buds] growing under normal conditions were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. The collected data parameters were as follows:

Main branch base diameter [mm] at pod set—the diameter of the base of the main branch (based diameter) average of three plants per plot.

Fresh weight [gr./plant] at pod set—total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) before drying at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Dry weight [gr./plant] at pod set—total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of nodes with pods on lateral branches [value/plant]—counting of nodes which contain pods in lateral branches at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Number of lateral branches at pod set [value/plant]—counting number of lateral branches at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total weight of lateral branches at pod set [gr./plant]—weight of all lateral branches at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total weight of pods on main stem at pod set [gr./plant]—weight of all pods on main stem at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of nodes on main stem [value/plant]—count of number of nodes on main stem starting from first node above ground, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of pods with 1 seed on lateral branches at pod set [value/plant]—count of the number of pods containing 1 seed in all lateral branches at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of pods with 2 seeds on lateral branches at pod set [value/plant]—count of the number of pods containing 2 seeds in all lateral branches at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of pods with 3 seeds on lateral branches at pod set [value/plant]—count of the number of pods containing 3 seeds in all lateral branches at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of pods with 4 seeds on lateral branches at pod set [value/plant]—count of the number of pods containing 4 seeds in all lateral branches at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of pods with 1 seed on main stem at pod set [value/plant]—count of the number of pods containing 1 seed in main stem at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of pods with 2 seeds on main stem at pod set [value/plant]—count of the number of pods containing 2 seeds in main stem at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of pods with 3 seeds on main stem at pod set [value/plant]—count of the number of pods containing 3 seeds in main stem at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of pods with 4 seeds on main stem at pod set [value/plant]—count of the number of pods containing 4 seeds in main stem at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of seeds per plant at pod set [value/plant]—count of number of seeds in lateral branches and main stem at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of seeds on lateral branches at pod set [value/plant]—count of total number of seeds on lateral branches at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Total number of seeds on main stem at pod set [value/plant]—count of total number of seeds on main stem at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Plant height at pod set [cm/plant]—total length from above ground till the tip of the main stem at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Plant height at harvest [cm/plant]—total length from above ground till the tip of the main stem at harvest, average of three plants per plot.

Total weight of pods on lateral branches at pod set [gr./plant]—weight of all pods on lateral branches at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Ratio of the number of pods per node on main stem at pod set—calculated in Formula XXIII (above), average of three plants per plot.

Ratio of total number of seeds in main stem to number of seeds on lateral branches—calculated in Formula XXIV, average of three plants per plot.

Total weight of pods per plant at pod set [gr./plant]—weight of all pods on lateral branches and main stem at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Days till 50% flowering [days]—number of days till 50% flowering for each plot.

Days till 100% flowering [days]—number of days till 100% flowering for each plot.

Maturity [days]—measure as 95% of the pods in a plot have ripened (turned 100% brown). Delayed leaf drop and green stems are not considered in assigning maturity. Tests are observed 3 days per week, every other day, for maturity. The maturity date is the date that 95% of the pods have reached final color. Maturity is expressed in days after August 31 [according to the accepted definition of maturity in USA, Descriptor list for SOYBEAN, World Wide Web (dot) ars-grin (dot) gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/desclist (dot) pl?51].

Seed quality [ranked 1-5]—measure at harvest; a visual estimate based on several hundred seeds. Parameter is rated according to the following scores considering the amount and degree of wrinkling, defective coat (cracks), greenishness, and moldy or other pigment. Rating is 1—very good, 2—good, 3—fair, 4—poor, 5—very poor.

Lodging [ranked 1-5]—is rated at maturity per plot according to the following scores: 1—most plants in a plot are erected; 2—all plants leaning slightly or a few plants down; 3—all plants leaning moderately, or 25%-50% down; 4—all plants leaning considerably, or 50%-80% down; 5—most plants down. It is noted that intermediate scores such as 1.5 are acceptable.

Seed size [gr.]—weight of 1000 seeds per plot normalized to 13% moisture, measure at harvest.

Total weight of seeds per plant [gr./plant]—calculated at harvest (per 2 inner rows of a trimmed plot) as weight in grams of cleaned seeds adjusted to 13% moisture and divided by the total number of plants in two inner rows of a trimmed plot.

Yield at harvest [bushels/hectare]—calculated at harvest (per 2 inner rows of a trimmed plot) as weight in grams of cleaned seeds, adjusted to 13% moisture, and then expressed as bushels per acre.

Average lateral branch seeds per pod [number]—Calculate number of seeds on lateral branches-at pod set and divide by the number of pods with seeds on lateral branches-at pod set.

Average main stem seeds per pod [number]—Calculate total number of seeds on main stem at pod set and divide by the number of pods with seeds on main stem at pod setting.

Main stem average internode length [cm]—Calculate plant height at pod set and divide by the total number of nodes on main stem at pod setting.

Total number of pods with seeds on main stem [number]—count all pods containing seeds on the main stem at pod setting.

Total number of pods with seeds on lateral branches [number]—count all pods containing seeds on the lateral branches at pod setting.

Total number of pods per plant at pod set [number]—count pods on main stem and lateral branches at pod setting.

Data parameters collected are summarized in Table 114, herein below.

TABLE 114 Soybean correlated parameters (vectors) Corre- lation Correlated parameter with ID 100 percent flowering (days)  1 50 percent flowering (days)  2 Base diameter at pod set (mm)  3 DW at pod set (gr)  4 Lodging (score 1-5)  5 Maturity (days)  6 Num of lateral branches (number)  7 Num of pods with 1 seed on main stem at pod set (number)  8 Num of pods with 2 seed on main stem at pod set (number)  9 Num of pods with 3 seed on main stem at pod set (number) 10 Num of pods with 4 seed on main stem at pod set (number) 11 Plant height at harvest (cm) 12 Plant height at pod set (cm) 13 Ratio number of pods per node on main stem (ratio) 14 Ratio num of seeds-main stem to lateral branches (ratio) 15 Seed quality (score 1-5) 16 Num of Seeds on lateral branches-at pod set 18 Total Number of Seeds on main stem at pod set (number) 19 Num of pods with 1 seed on lateral branch-pod set (number) 20 Num of pods with 2 seed on lateral branch-pod set (number) 21 Num pods with 3 seed on lateral branch-at pod set (number) 22 Num pods with 4 seed on lateral branch-at pod set (number) 23 Total number of nodes on main stem (number) 24 Num of nodes with pods on lateral branches-pod set (number) 25 Total number of seeds per plant (number) 26 Total weight of lateral branches at pod set (gr) 27 Weight of pods on lateral branches (gr)-at pod set 28 Total weight of pods on main stem at pod set (gr) 29 Total weight of pods per plant (gr/plant) 30 Total weight of seeds per plant (gr/plant) 31 fresh weight at pod set (gr) 32 yield at harvest (bushel/hectare) 33 Average lateral branch seeds per pod (number) 34 Average main stem seeds per pod (number) 35 Main stem average internode length (cm) 36 Num pods with seeds on lateral branches-at pod set (number) 37 Total number of pods per plant (number) 38 Total number of pods with seeds on main stem (number) 39 corrected Seed size (gr) 40 Table 114. Provided are the soybean correlated parameters (vectors). “gr.” = grams; “PS” = pod setting; “num” = number; “mm” = millimeter; “cm” = centimeter.

Experimental Results

29 different Soybean varieties lines were grown and characterized for 40 parameters as specified above. Tissues for expression analysis were sampled from a subset of 12 lines. The correlated parameters are described in Table 114 above. The average for each of the measured parameters was calculated using the JMP software (Tables 115-117) and a subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Table 118). Results were then integrated to the database.

TABLE 115 Measured parameters in Soybean varieties (lines 1-10) Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 1 67.3 67.3 67.3 70 68 71.7 67.3 67.7 71.7 67.3 2 61 65.3 60.7 61 54.7 68.3 66.5 65.7 62.3 67.7 3 8.27 8 8.33 7.16 7.78 9.54 8.13 9.68 8.41 8.11 4 35.8 51.7 53.7 34.7 47.5 50.3 53.5 38 45.8 46.2 5 2 2 1.67 1.67 1.17 1.83 1.67 1.17 1.83 1.67 6 27.7 27.7 24 30.3 31.3 43.7 27 30.3 35.3 30.3 7 5.11 8.44 9 7 8.67 8.67 7.11 9.11 8.67 9.89 8 0.56 2.44 1.11 2.56 0.89 4.38 1.89 1.44 2.33 1.44 9 16.4 17.2 16.9 25.3 10.4 16.2 20 13.2 22.3 16.9 10 19.3 23.3 29.6 23.3 30.6 1.8 23.6 19.8 25.4 22.3 11 0 0 0 0 2.222 0 0 0.111 0.111 0.111 12 69.2 85 96.7 75.8 73.3 76.7 75 67.5 75 75.8 13 66.8 79.4 86.8 64.1 68 69.6 74.1 62.4 69.7 70.9 14 2.34 2.67 2.87 2.87 2.51 1.38 2.65 2.13 2.77 2.26 15 1.28 1.13 0.89 1.35 0.86 0.9 1.43 0.87 1.38 0.89 16 3 2.17 2.33 2.33 2.5 3.5 2.67 3 2 2.17 18 92.8 124 150.9 122.8 174.9 55.9 112.7 134 171.1 160.4 19 91.4 106.9 123.6 123.2 122.3 43.9 112.6 87.7 123.8 102.7 20 0.78 0.89 1.56 0.78 1 3 1.22 1.78 2.78 1.78 21 15.3 17.6 17 23.3 18.1 18.8 21.2 26.4 34.4 32.3 22 20.4 29.3 38.4 25.1 43.2 2 21' 26.4 33 31.3 23 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0.111 0 24 15.6 16.1 16.6 17.8 17.7 16.8 17.3 16.1 18 18.1 25 13.9 20.9 23 22.4 26.1 16 21.6 23.1 26.3 33 26 184.2 230.9 274.4 246 297.2 99.8 225.2 221.7 294.9 263.1 27 57.8 66.7 67.8 57 73.7 63.8 64.4 64.9 80.3 74.9 28 23 25 26 18.3 23.2 14.9 27.9 20.1 23 20.1 29 22.6 22.2 22.1 17.9 17.9 14.3 23.8 16 18 15 30 45.6 47.2 48.1 36.2 41.1 29.2 51.7 36.1 41 35.1 31 21.4 14.7 15.1 13.4 16.6 10.5 16 17.2 14.6 16.5 32 158.9 185.8 170.9 146.8 172.8 198.2 166.4 152.6 175.7 163.9 33 55.5 50.3 47.6 46.8 55.9 43.8 51.7 50.4 52.9 56.3 34 2.53 2.58 2.67 2.51 2.74 1.95 2.46 2.43 2.43 2.53 35 2.52 2.49 2.6 2.36 2.77 1.89 4.5 2.52 2.48 2.53 36 4.29 4.93 5.24 3.61 3.85 4.15 4.29 3.91 3.9 3.92 40 89 93 86 71.3 88 75 80.7 75.7 76.3 77.3 37 36.6 47.8 57 49.2 64.3 28.6 45.4 54.7 70.3 65.4 38 72.9 90.8 104.6 100.4 108.4 51.7 90.9 89.2 120.6 106.2 39 36.3 43 47.6 51.2 44.1 23.1 45.4 34.6 50.2 40.8 Table 115. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in soybean accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section

TABLE 116 Measured parameters in Soybean varieties(lines 11-20) Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 67 69.7 60 70.7 71.7 71.7 74 73 72.3 73.3 2 61.7 64.3 3 7.54 7.83 8.82 8.1 8.72 9.54 10.12 8.46 8.09 8.11 4 38.7 50.7 60.8 44.3 52.3 54.5 55.7 48 52 45.2 5 1.17 2.67 2.67 1.5 3 1.83 2.83 2.67 2.5 1.67 6 28 41 38.3 31 36 38.7 40 41 38.3 37 7 5.33 5 7.67 4.78 7.78 8.78 17.56 11.67 12.11 10.44 8 1.67 1.67 4.56 2.67 4.14 1.89 1.67 4 4.33 1.89 9 17 19.2 27 32.9 18.7 15.1 8.1 21.3 17.7 20 10 31.9 10 11.7 27.9 31.4 41.9 22.8 11.1 28.2 27.9 11 0 0 0 0 1.714 0.444 0.444 0 0.556 0.556 12 66.7 115.8 74.2 72.5 83.3 76.7 76.7 101.7 98.3 89.2 13 62.3 94.4 69.4 66.8 75.4 68.6 63.9 89.8 82.1 81.1 14 2.76 1.43 2.6 3.32 3.19 3.17 1.87 1.98 2.71 2.58 15 1.41 2.4 2.32 1.54 0.8 1.21 0.36 3.9 0.78 1.36 16 2 3 2.83 2.17 2 2.33 2 3.5 2.5 2 18 139.7 49.4 75.4 112.3 204.7 180.8 324.6 46.9 176.2 121.6 19 131.3 70.1 93.6 152.1 140.1 159.6 88 80 126.6 127.8 20 0.89 0.33 5.67 1.56 5.12 0.67 5.62 2.88 3 2.33 21 19.9 12.6 21.6 21.2 29.6 16.7 33.5 8.5 22.8 21.9 22 33 8 8.9 22.8 40.2 48.8 82 9 42.1 24.6 23 0 0 0 0 0.75 0.111 1.5 0 0.333 0.444 24 18.3 21.6 16.8 19.1 17.3 18.8 17.1 18.8 18.9 19.4 25 21.3 14.4 15.2 18.6 30.4 28 45.2 8.2 25.4 22.7 26 271 119.6 169 264.4 344.8 340.3 412.5 136 302.8 249.3 27 58.3 55.2 54 52.4 105 67 167.2 45.4 83.2 63.7 28 19.3 12 21.1 15.3 23.8 20.7 30.2 4.1 20.1 14.9 29 19.6 15.4 33.8 21.6 16.2 26.6 9 9 16 14.6 30 39.9 27.4 54.9 36.9 40 47.2 38.9 14.2 36.1 29.5 31 17.1 10.5 12.1 15.8 12.6 12.6 10.2 7.3 11.4 13.9 32 136.6 191.7 224.7 155.3 216.2 192.1 265 160.7 196.3 166.3 33 55.1 40.2 44 52.4 46.9 48.6 40.3 34.2 44.3 46.2 34 2.6 2.34 2.13 2.48 2.47 2.7 2.68 2.12 2.58 2.48 35 2.6 2.26 2.17 2.4 2.52 2.68 2.59 2.22 2.49 2.53 36 3.41 4.38 4.15 3.5 4.36 3.67 3.74 4.8 4.36 4.18 37 53.8 20.9 36.1 45.6 83.1 66.2 122.6 20.4 68.2 49.2 38 104.3 51.8 79.3 109 138.9 125.6 155.6 61 119 99.6 39 50.6 30.9 43.2 63.4 55.8 59.3 33 36.4 50.8 50.3 Table 116. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above measured in soybean accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 117 Measured parameters in Soybean varieties (lines 21-29) Line Corr. Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- Line- ID 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 1 67.3 68.7 69.3 73.7 68 68.7 68 67 70.7 3 7.09 8.26 7.57 7.73 8.16 8.18 6.88 7.82 7.89 4 57 44.2 43.3 52.7 56 56.2 43.5 46 47.5 5 2.5 1.83 2 3.5 3.33 1.83 1.5 2.33 1.5 6 24.7 31 37.7 39 27.3 27.7 27.3 36.3 32.7 7 8 8 9 9.11 6.78 7.11 4.33 9.11 10 8 1.78 2.11 0.44 1.89 3.44 3.22 1.67 3.33 1.22 9 17.4 20.3 11.2 16.1 28.1 24.7 14.7 14.3 16.6 10 25.1 24.1 25.2 36.4 39.7 35.8 31.7 37.6 32.3 11 0.444 0 0.111 3.889 0 0 0.778 0.778 0 12 93.3 75.8 78.3 116.7 76.7 85 78.3 79.2 71.7 13 85.7 70.6 70.8 101.7 79.6 77.4 73.7 73.7 67.2 14 2.45 2.78 2.15 2.75 3.7 3.58 3.06 3.34 2.84 15 0.92 1.18 0.82 1.98 1.03 1.48 1.82 1.35 0.83 16 2.5 2.17 2.17 2.33 2.17 2.17 2.33 2.17 2.17 18 151.6 143 144 105.4 184.3 166.2 92.3 143.8 187.3 19 113.8 115.1 99 159 178.7 159.9 129.1 147.8 131.3 20 1.67 1.25 0.89 2.67 1.78 1 0.56 2.11 3 21 22.9 21.8 13.2 10.7 23.8 26.8 10.2 15.9 25.7 22 34.1 32.8 38.9 25.7 45 37.2 23.8 35.9 44.3 23 0.444 0 0 1.111 0 0 0 0.556 0 24 19.9 16.8 17 21.1 19.3 17.8 15.9 16.7 20.8 25 23 21.9 23.8 16.3 22.6 19.9 11.8 16 24.2 26 265.3 260.5 243 264.4 363 326.1 221.4 291.6 318.7 27 69.7 64.3 76.2 52 76.9 74.8 35.3 52.1 67 28 24.3 17 19.2 9.2 28.1 24.2 14.3 15.1 22.6 29 19.8 15.9 14.7 14.6 30.4 24.2 26.4 21.4 18 30 44.1 32.8 33.9 23.8 58.6 48.4 40.7 35.8 40.6 31 14.6 15.7 14.8 10.8 13 16.4 16.6 15.8 15.2 32 171.4 155.3 175.8 178.1 204.4 205.9 144.7 176.4 164.2 33 49.7 53.7 52.5 42.5 43.6 51.9 52.5 46.4 52.2 34 2.61 2.58 2.7 2.67 2.62 2.37 2.67 2.62 2.58 35 2.53 2.47 2.67 2.71 2.51 2.53 2.64 2.65 2.61 36 4.89 4.2 4.16 4.82 4.12 4.36 4.64 4.47 3.57 37 59.1 55.8 53 40.1 70.6 71.7 34.6 54.4 73 38 103.9 103.2 90 98.4 141.8 135.3 83.3 110.4 123.1 39 44.8 46.6 37 58.3 71.2 63.7 48.8 56 50.1 Table 117. Provided are the values of each of the parameters as described above) measured in soybean accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 118 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions across soybean varieties Gene Corr. Name R P value Exp. set Set ID LGD18 0.71 2.21E−02 7 27 LGD18 0.70 1.09E−02 11 12 LGD18 0.87 1.10E−03 8 23 LGD19 0.71 3.31E−05 10 39 LGD19 0.77 9.75E−03 7 24 LGD19 0.77 3.21E−03 10 24 LGD20 0.84 8.81E−03 9 33 LGD21 0.74 6.38E−03 1 18 LGD21 0.73 7.44E−03 1 25 LGD23 0.71 2.10E−02 7 8 LGD23 0.84 2.21E−03 8 5 LGD23 0.77 2.50E−02 9 2 LGD23 0.72 1.21E−02 2 32 LGD23 0.91 2.79E−04 10 40 LGD23 0.74 5.62E−03 4 27 LGD23 0.71 9.07E−03 1 20 LGD18 0.73 7.58E−03 11 36 LGD19 0.80 1.78E−03 10 35 LGD21 0.72 8.94E−03 1 37 LGD18 0.75 1.26E−02 7 7 LGD18 0.74 1.53E−02 8 11 LGD18 0.72 4.56E−02 9 8 LGD18 0.74 6.09E−03 10 15 LGD19 0.76 3.99E−03 10 10 LGD20 0.83 1.11E−02 9 31 LGD21 0.76 4.45E−03 1 22 LGD21 0.71 9.89E−03 1 27 LGD21 0.72 8.03E−03 1 26 LGD23 0.73 1.69E−02 8 16 LGD23 0.84 2.51E−03 8 8 LGD23 0.78 2.28E−02 9 1 LGD23 0.72 1.24E−02 2 29 LGD23 0.75 5.25E−03 4 32 LGD23 0.74 5.79E−03 1 32 LGD19 0.71 2.15E−02 11 40 LGD19 0.73 1.73E−02 7 39 LGD19 0.78 2.99E−03 10 34 LGD21 0.70 1.06E−02 1 38 LGD19 0.77 4.13E−02 9 40 Table 118. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 114. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 113. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 12 Production of Arabidopsis Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis of Yield, Biomass and/or Vigor Related Parameters Using 44K Arabidopsis Full Genome Oligonucleotide Micro-Array

To produce a high throughput correlation analysis comparing between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized an Arabidopsis thaliana oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem (dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 40,000 A. thaliana genes and transcripts designed based on data from the TIGR ATH1 v.5 database and Arabidopsis MPSS (University of Delaware) databases. To define correlations between the levels of RNA expression and yield, biomass components or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 15 different Arabidopsis ecotypes were analyzed. Among them, nine ecotypes encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot)com/hyperstat/A34739(dot)html].

Experimental Procedures

The Arabidopsis plants were grown in a greenhouse under normal (standard) and controlled growth conditions which included a temperature of 22° C., and a fertilizer [N:P:K fertilizer (20:20:20; weight ratios) of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)].

Analyzed Arabidopsis tissues—Five tissues at different developmental stages including root, leaf, flower at anthesis, seed at 5 days after flowering (DAF) and seed at 12 DAF, representing different plant characteristics, were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 119 below.

TABLE 119 Tissues used far Arabidopsis transcriptome expression sets Set Expression Set ID Leaf 1 Root 2 Seed 5 DAF 3 Flower at anthesis 4 Seed 12 DAF 5 Table 119: Provided are the Identification (ID) numbers of each of the Arabidopsis (ecotypes set 1) expression set IDs 1-5. “DAF” = days after flowering.

Yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—Nine Arabidopsis ecotypes were used in each of 5 repetitive blocks (named A, B, C, D and E), each containing 20 plants per plot. The plants were grown in a greenhouse at controlled conditions in 22° C., and the N:P:K fertilizer (20:20:20; weight ratios) [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)] was added. During this time data was collected, documented and analyzed. Additional data was collected through the seedling stage of plants grown in vertical grown transparent agar plates (seedling analysis). Most of chosen parameters were analyzed by digital imaging.

Digital imaging for seedling analysis—A laboratory image acquisition system was used for capturing images of plantlets sawn in square agar plates. The image acquisition system consists of a digital reflex camera (Canon EOS 300D) attached to a 55 mm focal length lens (Canon EF-S series), mounted on a reproduction device (Kaiser RS), which included 4 light units (4×150 Watts light bulb) and located in a darkroom.

Digital imaging in Greenhouse—The image capturing process was repeated every 3-4 days starting at day 7 till day 30. The same camera attached to a 24 mm focal length lens (Canon EF series), placed in a custom made iron mount, was used for capturing images of larger plants sawn in white tubs in an environmental controlled greenhouse. The white tubs were square shape with measurements of 36×26.2 cm and 7.5 cm deep. During the capture process, the tubs were placed beneath the iron mount, while avoiding direct sun light and casting of shadows. This process was repeated every 3-4 days for up to 30 days.

An image analysis system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P43.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing program, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 6 Mega Pixels (3072×2048 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Leaf analysis—Using the digital analysis leaves data was calculated, including leaf number, area, perimeter, length and width. On day 30, 3-4 representative plants were chosen from each plot of blocks A, B and C. The plants were dissected, each leaf was separated and was introduced between two glass trays, a photo of each plant was taken and the various parameters (such as leaf total area, laminar length etc.) were calculated from the images. The blade circularity was calculated as laminar width divided by laminar length.

Root analysis—During 17 days, the different ecotypes were grown in transparent agar plates. The plates were photographed every 3 days starting at day 7 in the photography room and the roots development was documented (see examples in FIGS. 3A-3F). The growth rate of roots was calculated according to Formula VI (above).

Vegetative growth rate analysis—was calculated according to Formula VII (above).

The analysis was ended with the appearance of overlapping plants.

For comparison between ecotypes the calculated rate was normalized using plant developmental stage as represented by the number of true leaves. In cases where plants with 8 leaves had been sampled twice (for example at day 10 and day 13), only the largest sample was chosen and added to the Anova comparison.

Seeds in siliques analysis—On day 70, 15-17 siliques were collected from each plot in blocks D and E. The chosen siliques were light brown color but still intact. The siliques were opened in the photography room and the seeds were scatter on a glass tray, a high resolution digital picture was taken for each plot. Using the images the number of seeds per silique was determined.

Seeds average weight—At the end of the experiment all seeds from plots of blocks A-C were collected. An average weight of 0.02 grams was measured from each sample, the seeds were scattered on a glass tray and a picture was taken. Using the digital analysis, the number of seeds in each sample was calculated.

Oil percentage in seeds—At the end of the experiment all seeds from plots of blocks A-C were collected. Columbia seeds from 3 plots were mixed grounded and then mounted onto the extraction chamber. 210 ml of n-Hexane (Cat No. 080951 Biolab Ltd.) were used as the solvent. The extraction was performed for 30 hours at medium heat 50° C. Once the extraction has ended the n-Hexane was evaporated using the evaporator at 35° C. and vacuum conditions. The process was repeated twice. The information gained from the Soxhlet extractor (Soxhlet, F. Die gewichtsanalytische Bestimmung des Milchfettes, Polytechnisches J. (Dingler's) 1879, 232, 461) was used to create a calibration curve for the Low Resonance NMR. The content of oil of all seed samples was determined using the Low Resonance NMR (MARAN Ultra—Oxford Instrument) and its MultiQuant software package.

Silique length analysis—On day 50 from sowing, 30 siliques from different plants in each plot were sampled in block A. The chosen siliques were green-yellow in color and were collected from the bottom parts of a grown plant's stem. A digital photograph was taken to determine silique's length.

Dry weight and seed yield—On day 80 from sowing, the plants from blocks A-C were harvested and left to dry at 30° C. in a drying chamber. The vegetative portion above ground was separated from the seeds. The total weight of the vegetative portion above ground and the seed weight of each plot were measured and divided by the number of plants. Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 30° C. in a drying chamber; Seed yield per plant=total seed weight per plant (gr.).

Oil yield—The oil yield was calculated using Formula XXIX (above).

Harvest Index (seed)—The harvest index was calculated using Formula XV (above).

Experimental Results

Nine different Arabidopsis ecotypes were grown and characterized for 18 parameters (named as vectors). Table 120 describes the Arabidopsis correlated parameters. The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software (Table 121) and a subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Table 122). Results were then integrated to the database.

TABLE 120 Arabidopsis correlated parameters (vectors) Corr. Correlated parameter with ID 1000 Seed weight [gr.], under Normal growth conditions  1 Blade circularity [ratio], under Normal growth conditions  2 Dry matter per plant [gr.], under Normal growth conditions  3 Fresh weight per plant at bolting stage [gr.], under Normal  4 growth conditions Harvest index, under Normal growth conditions  5 Lamina length [cm], under Normal growth conditions  6 Lamina width [cm], under Normal growth conditions  7 Leaf width/length [cm/cm], under Normal growth conditions  8 Oil % per seed [%], under Normal growth conditions  9 Oil yield per plant [mg], under Normal growth conditions 10 Relative root length growth day 13 [cm/day], under 11 Normal growth conditions Root length day 13 [cm], under Normal growth conditions 12 Root length day 7 [cm], under Normal growth conditions 13 Seeds per Pod [num], under Normal growth conditions 14 Seed yield per plant [gr.], under Normal growth conditions 15 Silique length [cm], under Normal growth conditions 16 Total leaf area per plant [cm²], under Normal 17 growth conditions Vegetative growth rate till 8 true leaves [cm²/day], under 18 Normal growth conditions Table 120. Provided are the Arabidopsis correlated parameters (correlation ID Nos. 1-18). Abbreviations: “cm” = centimeter(s); “gr”. = gram(s); “mg” = milligram(s); “num” = number.

The characterized values are summarized in Table 121 below.

TABLE 121 Measured parameters in Arabidopsis ecotypes Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 Line-9 1 0.0203 0.023 0.0252 0.0344 0.0202 0.0263 0.0205 0.0226 0.0235 2 0.509 0.481 0.45 0.37 0.501 0.376 0.394 0.491 0.409 3 0.64 1.27 1.05 1.28 1.69 1.34 0.81 1.21 1.35 4 1.51 3.61 1.94 2.08 3.56 4.34 3.47 3.48 3.71 5 0.53 0.35 0.56 0.33 0.37 0.32 0.45 0.51 0.41 6 2.77 3.54 3.27 3.78 3.69 4.6 3.88 3.72 4.15 7 1.38 1.7 1.46 1.37 1.83 1.65 1.51 1.82 1.67 8 0.353 0.288 0.316 0.258 0.356 0.273 0.305 0.335 0.307 9 34.4 31.2 38 27.8 35.5 32.9 31.6 30.8 34 10 118.6 138.7 224.1 116.3 218.3 142.1 114.2 190.1 187.6 11 0.631 0.664 1.176 1.089 0.907 0.774 0.606 0.701 0.782 12 4.42 8.53 5.62 4.83 5.96 6.37 5.65 7.06 7.04 13 0.94 1.76 0.7 0.73 0.99 1.16 1.28 1.41 1.25 15 0.34 0.44 0.59 0.42 0.61 0.43 0.36 0.62 0.55 14 45.4 53.5 58.5 35.3 48.6 37 39.4 40.5 25.5 16 1.06 1.26 1.31 1.47 1.24 1.09 1.18 1.18 1 17 46.9 109.9 58.4 56.8 114.7 110.8 88.5 121.8 93 18 0.313 0.378 0.484 0.474 0.425 0.645 0.43 0.384 0.471 Table 121: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in arabidopsis accessions (line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 122 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions across Arabidopsis accessions Gene Corr. Name R P value Exp. set Set ID LGD6 0.71 5.01E−02 1 7 Table 122. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 120. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 119. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 13 Production of Bean Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield Parameters Using 60K Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis, the present inventors utilized a Bean oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 60,000 Bean genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with yield components or plant architecture related parameters or plant vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 40 different commercialized bean varieties were analyzed and further used for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test. [davidmlane(dot)com/hyperstat/A34739(dot)html].

Experimental Procedures

Normal (Standard) growth conditions of Bean plants included 524 m³ water per dunam (1000 square meters) per entire growth period and fertilization of 16 units nitrogen per dunam per entire growth period (normal conditions). The nitrogen can be obtained using URAN® 21% (Nitrogen Fertilizer Solution; PCS Sales, Northbrook, Ill., USA).

Analyzed Bean Tissues

Six tissues [leaf, Stem, lateral stem, lateral branch flower bud, lateral branch pod with seeds and meristem] growing under normal conditions were sampled at the flowering stage, pod setting stage, and vegetative stage and RNA was extracted as described above.

For convenience, each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 123 below.

TABLE 123 Bean transcriptome expression sets Set Expression Set ID Lateral branch flower bud at Flowering stage, under Normal growth 1 conditions Lateral branch pod with seeds at pod setting stage, under Normal 2 growth conditions Lateral stem at pod setting stage, under Normal growth conditions 3 Lateral stem at Flowering stage, under Normal growth conditions 4 Leaf at pod setting stage, under Normal growth conditions 5 Leaf at Flowering stage, under Normal growth conditions 6 Leaf at vegetative growth stage, under Normal growth conditions 7 Meristem at vegetative growth stage, under Normal growth conditions 8 Stem at vegetative growth stage, under Normal growth conditions 9 Table 123: Provided are the bean transcriptome expression sets. “Lateral branch flower bud” = flower bud from vegetative branch; “Lateral branch pod with seeds” = pod with seeds from vegetative branch; “Lateral stem” = stem from vegetative branch.

Bean Yield Components and Vigor Related Parameters Assessment

40 Bean varieties were grown in five repetitive plots, in field. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows: Bean seeds were sown in soil and grown under normal conditions until harvest. Plants were continuously phenotyped during the growth period and at harvest (Table 124). The image analysis system included a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37 (Java based image processing program, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet [rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

The collected data parameters were as follows:

% Canopy coverage—percent Canopy coverage at grain filling stage, R1 flowering stage and at vegetative stage. The % Canopy coverage is calculated using Formula XXXII above.

1000 seed weight [gr]—was calculated based on Formula XIV above.

Days till 50% flowering [days]—number of days till 50% flowering for each plot.

Avr shoot DW—At the end of the experiment, the shoot material was collected, measured and divided by the number of plants.

Big pods FW per plant (PS) [gr]—1 meter big pods fresh weight at pod setting divided by the number of plants.

Big pods num per plant (PS)—number of pods at development stage of R3-4 period above 4 cm per plant at pod setting.

Small pods FW per plant (PS) [gr]—1 meter small pods fresh weight at pod setting divided by the number of plants.

Small pods num per plant (PS)—number of pods at development stage of R3-4 period below 4 cm per plant at pod setting.

Pod Area [cm²]—At development stage of R3-4 period pods of three plants were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The pod area above 4 cm and below 4 cm was measured from those images and was divided by the number of pods.

Pod Length and Pod width [cm]—At development stage of R3-4 period pods of three plants were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of pod lengths/or width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of pods.

Num of lateral branches per plant [value/plant]—number of lateral branches per plant at vegetative stage (average of two plants per plot) and at harvest (average of three plants per plot).

Relative growth rate [cm/day]: the relative growth rate (RGR) of Plant Height is calculated using Formula III.

Leaf area per plant (PS) [cm²]=Total leaf area of 3 plants in a plot at pod setting. Measurement was performed using a Leaf area-meter.

Specific leaf area (PS) [cm²/gr]—was calculated based on Formula XXXVII above.

Leaf form—Leaf length (cm)/leaf width (cm). average of two plants per plot.

Leaf number per plant (PS)—Plants were characterized for leaf number during pod setting stage. plants were measured for their leaf number by counting all the leaves of 3 selected plants per plot.

Plant height [cm]—Plants were characterized for height during growing period at 3 time points. In each measure, plants were measured for their height using a measuring tape. Height of main stem was measured from first node above ground to last node before apex.

Seed yield per area (H)[gr.]—1 meter seeds weight at harvest.

Seed yield per plant (H)[gr.]—Average seeds weight per plant at harvest in 1 meter plot.

Seeds num per area (H)—1 meter plot seeds number at harvest.

Total seeds per plant (H)—Seeds number on lateral branch per plant+Seeds number on main branch per plant at harvest. average of three plants per plot.

Total seeds weight per plant (PS) [gr.]—Seeds weight on lateral branch+Seeds weight on main branch at pod set per plant. average of three plants per plot.

Small pods FW per plant (PS)—Average small pods (below 4 cm) fresh weight per plant at pod setting per meter.

Small pods num per plant (PS)—Number of Pods below 4 cm per plant at pod setting. average of two plants per plot.

SPAD—Plants were characterized for SPAD rate during growing period at grain filling stage and vegetative stage. Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed 64 days post sowing. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.

Stem width (R2F)[mm]—width of the stem of the first node at R2 flowering stage. average of two plants per plot.

Total pods num per plant (H), (PS)—Pods number on lateral branch per plant+Pods number on main branch per plant at pod setting and at harvest. average of three plants per plot.

Total pods DW per plant (H) [gr]—Pods dry weight on main branch per plant+Pods dry weight on lateral branch per plant at harvest. average of three plants per plot.

Total pods FW per plant (PS) [gr]—Average pods fresh weight on lateral branch+Pods weight on main branch at pod setting.

Pods weight per plant (RP) (H) [gr]—Average pods weight per plant at harvest in 1 meter.

Total seeds per plant (H), (PS)—Seeds number on lateral branch per plant+Seeds number on main branch per plant at pod setting and at harvest. average of three plants per plot.

Total seeds num per pod (H), (PS)—Total seeds num per plant divided in total pods num per plant. average of three plants per plot.

Vegetative FW and DW per plant (PS) [gr/plant]—total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots and pods) before and after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours at pod set, average of three plants per plot.

Vigor till flowering [g/day]—Relative growth rate (RGR) of shoot DW=Regression coefficient of shoot DW along time course (two measurements at vegetative stage and one measurement at flowering stage).

Vigor post flowering [g/day]—Relative growth rate (RGR) of shoot DW=Regression coefficient of shoot DW measurements along time course (one measurement at flowering stage and two measurements at grain filling stage).

Experimental Results

40 different bean varieties lines 1-40 were grown and characterized for 36 parameters as specified below. Among the 40 varieties, 16 varieties were selected for expression analysis. The average for each of the measured parameters was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 125-126 below. Subsequent correlation analysis between the various transcriptome sets and the average parameters was conducted (Table 127). Follow, results were integrated to the database.

TABLE 124 Bean correlated parameters (vectors) Corre- lation Correlated parameter with ID Avr. shoot DW [gr.], under normal growth conditions  1 Big pods FW per plant (PS) [gr.], under normal growth  2 conditions Big pods num per plant (PS) [num], under normal growth  3 conditions % Canopy coverage [%], under normal growth conditions  4 Days till 50% flowering [days], under normal growth conditions  5 Leaf area per plant (PS) [cm²], under normal growth conditions  6 Leaf form, under normal growth conditions  7 Leaf number per plant (PS) [num], under normal growth  8 conditions Num of lateral branches per plant [value/plant], under normal  9 growth conditions Plant height (GF) [cm], under normal growth conditions 10 Plant height (V2-V3) [cm], under normal growth conditions 11 Plant height(V4-V5) [cm], under normal growth conditions 12 Pod Area [cm2], under normal growth conditions 13 Pod Length [cm], under normal growth conditions 14 Pods weight per plant (RP) (H) [gr.], under normal growth 15 conditions Pod width [cm], under normal growth conditions 16 Seeds num per area (H) [num/cm²], under normal growth 17 conditions Seed yield per area (H) [gr.], under normal growth conditions 18 Seed yield per plant (H) [gr.], under normal growth conditions 19 Small pods FW per plant (PS) [gr.], under normal growth 20 conditions Small pods num per plant (PS) [num], under normal growth 21 conditions SPAD (GF) [SPAD unit], under normal growth conditions 22 SPAD (V) [SPAD unit], under normal growth conditions 23 Specific leaf area (PS) [cm²/gr.], under normal growth 24 conditions Stem width (R2F)[mm], under normal growth conditions 25 Total pods DW per plant (H) [gr.], under normal growth 26 conditions Total pods FW per plant (PS) [gr.], under normal growth 27 conditions Total pods num per plant (H), (PS) [num], under normal growth 28 conditions Total seeds num per pod (H) [num], under normal growth 29 conditions Total seeds num per pod (PS) [num], under normal growth 30 conditions Total seeds per plant (H) [num], under normal growth conditions 31 Total seeds weight per plant (PS) [gr.], under normal growth 32 conditions Vegetative DW per plant (PS) [gr./plant], under normal growth 33 conditions Vegetative FW per plant (PS) [gr./plant], under normal growth 34 conditions Vigor post flowering [gr./day], under normal growth conditions 35 Vigor till flowering [gr./day], under normal growth conditions 36 Table 124. Provided are the Bean correlated parameters (vectors). “Avr.” = average; “gr.” = grams; “SPAD” = chlorophyll levels; “PAR” = Photosynthetically active radiation; “FW” = Plant Fresh weight; “normal” = standard growth conditions; “H” = harvest; “PS” = pod setting; “V” = vegetative stage; “H” = harvest stage; “GF” = grain filling stage; “PS” = pod setting; “num” = number.

TABLE 125 Measured parameters in bean varieties (lines 1-8) Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 Line-8 4 89.6 82.8 66.4 78.9 79.3 72.3 82.8 90.5 1 16.2 28.6 14 18.7 23.2 19.3 18.4 27.8 2 NA NA NA 67.4 NA 38.2 NA 76.4 3 24.2 36 25.2 35.2 19.5 65 28.5 26.5 5 55 55 55 55 48 55 55 48 6 211.7 242.1 183 307.1 306.5 133.1 253.1 308.1 7 1.64 1.59 1.53 1.32 1.59 1.58 1.47 1.56 8 4.73 4.67 4.67 6.07 5 4.73 5 6.17 9 7.93 6.06 7 6.2 7.27 7.93 6.93 7 10 36.8 32 30.8 34.8 34.4 31.5 51.7 37.7 11 4.39 5.81 4.53 4.8 5.19 3.67 6.41 5.75 12 11.4 10.6 8.3 11.2 14.8 7.6 17.5 16.6 13 6.53 7.6 9.59 4.29 5.83 3.69 8.53 8.04 14 11 10.5 13.4 7.7 9.6 8.3 13.1 11.3 16 0.714 0.75 0.872 0.593 0.579 0.48 0.732 0.825 15 11.7 20.3 15.1 15.2 20.2 16 14.4 23.1 22 40.2 38.4 34.5 36.2 38.6 37.7 40.5 NA 23 36 40 30.8 39.4 33.7 31.4 35.4 40.1 18 342.4 243.2 284.4 457.2 493.7 196.7 457.7 430.6 19 6.31 4.73 8.7 8.29 9.28 4.53 8.4 9.2 17 3635.2 1588.7 1958.3 3879.6 3207.6 2875.2 3218.2 3485.8 20 0.62 2.16 1.52 2.06 0.72 1.15 0.87 0.6 21 0.5 3.75 0.25 6 4.75 9.5 1.75 1.5 24 226.3 226.1 211.4 222.3 207.3 213 201 207.3 25 5.79 5.65 6.14 5.84 6.01 5.39 6.1 5.83 26 12.8 15.6 15.4 20.7 16.5 13.9 19.2 30.4 27 33 122.7 60.4 105 40.2 61.1 50.4 33.1 28 27.1 19.4 17.6 24.7 17.9 46.1 18.5 38.3 29 3.32 3.32 3.92 4.68 3.94 2.81 4.46 3.93 30 2.64 2.22 3.94 2.35 4.13 1.02 3.66 0.63 31 90.5 64.2 70.2 111.3 67.7 128.6 81 151.8 32 87.6 51.9 117.2 79 68.9 29.4 92.6 9.2 33 16.3 NA 14.8 13.5 11.4 18.8 16.4 12.6 34 91.6 62.4 81.5 65.6 64.5 61.8 85.8 71.1 35 0.92 1.26 1.04 2.03 1.97 1.67 0.87 0.84 36 0.444 0.607 0.268 0.456 0.52 0.352 1.098 1.183 Table 125. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Bean accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 126 Measured parameters in bean varieties (lines 9-16) Line Corr. ID Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 Line-15 Line-16 4 76.9 76.7 85.9 82.1 77.8 73.8 76.4 71.7 1 15.8 31.4 26.4 24.7 20.1 14.4 18 22.6 2 NA NA NA NA NA 49.4 43.7 71.5 3 39.2 33.2 31 28.2 35.2 38.8 35.5 28 5 55 48 55 55 55 55 55 55 6 161.6 193.3 145.6 204.9 194.5 157.5 155 194.4 7 1.46 1.4 1.55 1.51 1.45 1.53 1.52 1.58 8 3.21 4.47 4 4.2 4.73 5 5.42 4.11 9 7.6 7.6 5.73 6.47 6.87 9.67 7.53 7.58 10 43.7 34.6 32.9 38.3 37.6 28.9 39.8 33 11 6.25 7.1 5.16 5.95 5.94 3.92 4.5 5.85 12 14.1 14.4 10.4 13.2 12.1 8.4 9.7 11.2 13 6.95 6.62 8.59 7.34 7.29 5.73 5.7 10.09 14 10.1 10 11.6 10.7 10.5 11 9.1 11.8 16 0.723 0.627 0.835 0.728 0.775 0.619 0.679 0.871 15 14.9 17.8 13.5 11.9 14.5 17.1 15.1 20.4 22 43.6 NA 40.8 41.6 44.5 39.4 NA NA 23 30.4 38.6 37.5 36.3 35.1 35.8 35 35.7 18 528.8 449.3 403.1 381.9 521.6 198.1 371.1 260 19 9.46 10.86 8.19 6.86 8.72 4.02 6.55 6.99 17 3534 2342.2 3232.8 2522.4 3492.6 3012.2 3953.8 1768.2 20 1.57 0 1.22 1.68 1.76 0.8 1.27 1.79 21 6 6 1.5 1.75 4.5 1 5 3.5 24 218.9 205.6 187.8 243 169.3 257.8 238.2 208.4 25 5.69 5.99 5.67 5.5 5.26 4.91 6 6.04 26 19.1 29.8 24.1 15.1 13.1 15.3 10.8 26 27 92.9 3.3 66.4 97.9 105.6 41.2 81.8 67.2 28 22.5 24.5 22.3 18.4 15.8 38.3 18.9 24.2 29 3.54 3.85 5.33 4 3.91 3.09 3.77 3.78 30 3.58 1.45 4.82 3.54 3.5 1.61 0.81 0.74 31 77.4 95.9 120.8 72.5 60.4 138.2 70.5 92.2 32 79.8 29.2 96.7 88.4 87.9 77.9 20 14 33 13.7 NA 18.3 14.8 14.5 17 10 7.1 34 74.9 57.6 87.5 74.5 68.2 77.5 56.8 70 35 0.95 1.31 2.16 1.46 1.04 1.35 NA NA 36 0.51 0.506 0.633 0.516 0.544 0.38 0.39 1.157 Table 126. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in bean accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section

TABLE 127 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions across “fine” and “extra fine” bean varieties Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGD3 0.73 2.35E−04 4 24 LGD9 0.71 2.42E−04 7 19 LGD9 0.75 6.56E−05 7 18 Table 127. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 167. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 166. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 14 Production of Foxtail Millet Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis Using 60K Foxtail Millet Oligonucleotide Micro-Array

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis comparing between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a foxtail millet oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 60K foxtail millet genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression and yield or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 14 different foxtail millet accessions were analyzed. Among them, 11 accessions encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane(dot)com/hyperstat/A34739(dot)html].

Experimental Procedures

Fourteen Foxtail millet accessions in 5 repetitive plots, in the field. Foxtail millet seeds were sown in soil and grown under normal condition [15 units of Nitrogen (kg nitrogen per dunam)], reduced nitrogen fertilization (2.5-3.0 units of Nitrogen in the soil (based on soil measurements) and reduced stands in the field [i.e., 8 plants per meter per row as compared to “standard” stands of 17 plants per meter row].

Analyzed Foxtail millet tissues—seven tissues [leaf, flower, head, root, stem node, stem and vein] at different developmental stages, representing different plant characteristics, were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Tables 128-129 below.

TABLE 128 Foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under normal conditions Set Expression Set ID Flag leaf at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions  1 Flag leaf at heading stage, under normal growth conditions  2 Flower at heading stage, under normal growth conditions  3 Head at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions  4 Leaf at seedling stage, under normal growth conditions  5 Low stem at heading stage, under normal growth conditions  6 Mature leaf at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions  7 Root at seedling stage, under normal growth conditions  8 Stem at seedling stage, under normal growth conditions  9 Stem node at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions 10 Up stem at grainfilling stage, under normal growth conditions 11 Up stem at heading stage, under normal growth conditions 12 Vein at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions 13 Table 128. Provided are the foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under normal conditions.

TABLE 129 Foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under low N conditions Set Expression Set ID Flag leaf at grainfilling stage, under low nitrogen growth conditions  1 Flag leaf at heading stage, under low nitrogen growth conditions  2 Flower at heading stage, under low nitrogen growth conditions  3 Head at grainfilling stage, under low nitrogen growth conditions  4 Low stem at heading stage, under low nitrogen growth conditions  5 Mature leaf at grainfilling stage, under low nitrogen growth  6 conditions Stem node at grainfilling stage, under low nitrogen growth conditions  7 Up stem at grainfilling stage, under low nitrogen growth conditions  8 Up stem at heading stage, under low nitrogen growth conditions  9 Vein at grainfilling stage, under low nitrogen growth conditions 10 Table 129. Provided are the foxtail millet transcriptome expression sets under low N conditions

Foxtail millet yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—Plants were continuously phenotyped during the growth period and at harvest (Tables 130-131, below). The image analysis system included a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37 (Java based image processing program, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet [rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

The following parameters were collected using digital imaging system:

At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the plant ‘Head’ and the following parameters were measured and collected:

(i) Average Grain Area (cm²)—A sample of ˜200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

(ii) Average Grain Length and width (cm)—A sample of ˜200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths and width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

At the end of the growing period 14 ‘Heads’ were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system.

(i) Head Average Area (cm²)—The ‘Head’ area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ‘Heads’.

(ii) Head Average Length (mm)—The ‘Head’ length (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ‘Heads’.

The image processing system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing software, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, image processing output data for seed area and seed length was saved to text files and analyzed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Additional parameters were collected either by sampling 5 plants per plot (SP) or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot (RP).

Total Grain Weight (gr.)—At the end of the experiment (plant ‘Heads’) heads from plots were collected, the heads were threshed and grains were weighted. In addition, the average grain weight per head was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by number of total heads per plot (based on plot).

Head weight and head number—At the end of the experiment, heads were harvested from each plot and were counted and weighted (kg.).

Biomass at harvest—At the end of the experiment the vegetative material from plots was weighted.

Dry weight—total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours at harvest.

Total dry mater per plot—Calculated as Vegetative portion above ground plus all the heads dry weight per plot.

Num days to anthesis—Calculated as the number of days from sowing till 50% of the plot arrives anthesis.

Total No. of tillers—all tillers were counted per plot at two time points at the Vegetative growth (30 days after sowing) and at harvest.

SPAD—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at time of flowering. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.

Root FW (gr.), root length (cm) and No. of lateral roots—one plant per plot (5 repeated plots) were selected for measurement of root weight, root length and for counting the number of lateral roots formed.

Shoot FW (fresh weight)—weight of one plant per plot were recorded at different time-points.

Grain N (H)—% N content of dry matter in the grain at harvest.

Head N (GF)—% N content of dry matter in the head at grain filling.

Total shoot N—calculated as the % N (Nitrogen) content multiplied by the weight of plant shoot

Total grain N—calculated as the % N (Nitrogen) content multiplied by the weight of plant grain yield.

NUE [kg/kg]—was calculated based on Formula LI.

NUpE [kg/kg]—was calculated based on Formula LII.

Grain NUtE—was calculated based on Formula LV.

Total NUtE was calculated based on Formula LIII.

Stem volume—was calculated based on Formula L above.

Stem density —was calculated based on Formula LIV.

Maintenance of performance under low N conditions—Represent ratio for the specified parameter of low N condition results divided by Normal conditions results (maintenance of phenotype under low N in comparison to normal conditions).

Data parameters collected are summarized in Tables 130-131 herein below

TABLE 130 Foxtail millet correlated parameters under normal and low N conditions (vectors)-set 1 Correlated parameter with Correlation ID Average Grain Area [cm²] 1 Average Grain Length [cm] 2 Head number (SP) [num], 3 Head weight (RP) [kg] 4 Head weight (SP) [kg] 5 No. of lateral roots [num] 6 Root length [cm] 7 SPAD [SPAD unit] 8 Table 130. Provided are the foxtail millet collected parameters under normal and low N conditions. “num” = number “cm” = centimeter; “SPAD” = chlorophyll levels; “SP” = selected plants; “RP” = rest of the plot; “kg” = kilogram.”

TABLE 131 Foxtail millet additional correlated parameters under normal and low N conditions (vectors)-set 2 Correlated parameter with Correlation ID Grain N (H) [%] 1 Grain NUtE [Float value] 2 NUE [kg/kg] 3 NUpE [kg/kg] 4 Total grain N [mg] 5 Total NUtE [Float value] 6 Total shoot N [mg] 7 Table 131. Provided are the foxtail millet collected parameters under normal and low N conditions. “N” = nitrogen; “NutE” = Nitrogen utilization efficiency; “NUE” = Nitrogen use efficiency; “NupE” = Nitrogen uptake efficiency; “mg” = milligram.

Experimental Results

Fourteen different foxtail millet accessions were grown and characterized for different parameters as described above. The average for each of the measured parameters was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 132-139 below. Subsequent correlation analysis between the various transcriptome sets and the average parameters was conducted (Tables 140-143). Follow, results were integrated to the database.

TABLE 132 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under normal conditions (set 1 parameters) Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 1 0.0357 0.0295 0.0308 0.0315 0.0341 0.0339 0.0243 2 0.245 0.256 0.256 0.251 0.268 0.274 0.197 3 7.2 94 87.6 295.4 114 122.4 29.8 4 1.306 0.865 0.888 1.069 1.022 0.984 1.103 5 0.181 0.104 0.117 0.245 0.213 0.227 0.222 6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 8 60.8 NA NA 54.7 49.9 57.5 58.6 Table 132:Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “NA” = not available

TABLE 133 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in additional foxtail millet accessions under normal conditions (set 1 parameters) Corr. Line ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 1 0.0295 0.0319 0.0263 0.0262 0.0338 0.0303 0.0372 2 0.242 0.23 0.212 0.221 0.259 0.241 0.272 1 129.2 11 13.2 53.6 32.8 60.6 323.2 4 0.984 1.286 1.035 0.421 0.999 0.99 1.023 5 0.244 0.296 0.178 0.101 0.224 0.244 0.231 6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 8 55.4 55 NA NA NA NA 55.9 Table 133: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “NA” = not available

TABLE 134 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under normal conditions (Set 2 parameters) Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 1 1.77 2.36 NA 1.98 2.07 2.13 2.13 2 0.556 0.286 NA 0.677 0.595 0.673 0.673 3 1.83 1.21 1.31 1.64 1.4 1.49 1.84 4 35.5 32.9 NA 34.7 31.4 33.9 41.8 6 0.1008 0.1214 NA 0.0862 0.0824 0.0805 0.0841 5 612.8 543.7 NA 613.7 551.8 602 742.8 Table 134: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “NA” = not available

TABLE 135 Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in additional foxtail millet accessions under normal conditions (set 2 parameters) Line Corr. ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 1 NA 1.79 3.05 NA 1.85 NA 1.97 2 NA 0.755 0.251 NA 0.5 NA 0.328 3 1.39 2.54 1.18 0.49 1.66 1.58 1.58 4 NA 48.9 40.6 0 34 NA 35.9 6 NA 0.0972 0.1245 NA 0.1283 NA 0.0953 5 NA 865 682.1 NA 583.6 NA 590.9 Table 135: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “NA” = not available

TABLE 136 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under low N conditions (set 1 parameters) Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 1 0.0356 0.0299 0.0311 0.0324 0.0339 0.0343 0.024 2 0.245 0.256 0.261 0.253 0.266 0.275 0.195 3 8.2 57 64.6 214 69.2 117.8 31.8 4 1.178 0.807 1.168 1.065 0.879 0.768 0.761 5 0.18 0.157 0.184 0.229 0.168 0.187 0.143 6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Table 136: Provided are the valt es of each of the parameters (as described above measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “NA” = not available.

TABLE 137 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in additional foxtail millet accessions under low N conditions (set 1 parameters) Corr. Line ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 1 0.0303 0.0325 0.0257 0.0277 0.0353 0.0321 0.0373 2 0.246 0.228 0.212 0.227 0.26 0.249 0.276 3 99.2 7 14.6 30.8 28.8 68.2 215.2 4 0.781 1.144 1.067 0.805 1.013 1.087 0.824 5 0.177 0.242 0.207 0.121 0.241 0.263 0.169 6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Table 137: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “NA” = not available.

TABLE 138 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions under low N conditions (set 2 parameters) Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 1 NA 2.03 1.86 1.6 1.59 1.97 NA 2 NA 0.414 0.729 0.737 0.853 0.739 NA 3 29.9 20.5 34.4 29.7 22.3 23 22.6 4 NA 464.8 688.2 516.1 380 484.9 NA 6 NA 0.1213 0.1036 0.0996 0.0996 0.0874 NA 5 NA 415.3 641 475.7 353.9 453.8 NA 7 NA 49.5 47.2 40.4 26.2 31.1 NA Table 138: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “NA” = not available.

TABLE 139 Measured parameters of correlation IDs in additional foxtail millet accessions under low N conditions (set 2 parameters) Line Corr. ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 1 2.26 1.43 1.76 NA 1.81 NA 1.94 2 0.775 0.866 0.355 NA 0.718 NA 0.465 3 20.7 37.1 25.4 21 34 34.8 26.2 4 493.5 572.8 517.9  0 661.9 NA 565.2 6 0.073 0.1155 0.164 NA 0.1196 NA 0.0972 5 466.8 529.9 446.5 NA 614.6 NA 508.8 7 26.7 42.8 71.5 NA 47.3 NA 56.4 Table 139: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “NA” = not available.

TABLE 140 Coffelation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions (set 1 parameters) across Foxtail millet varieties Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGB2 0.73 1.66E−02 12 3 LGB4 0.83 2.70E−03 3 3 LGB4 0.78 7.37E−03 11 3 LGB4 0.75 1.20E−02 1 5 Table 140. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 130. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 128. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value

TABLE 141 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions (set 2 parameters) across Foxtail millet varieties Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGB2 0.75 1.93E−02  4 1 LGB2 0.93 2.21E−03  2 6 LGB2 0.84 9.67E−03 11 1 LGB2 0.76 2.72E−02 11 6 LGB5 0.72 4.35E−02  5 1 LGB5 0.72 4.34E−02 11 1 LGB5 0.72 4.21E−02  9 1 Table 141 Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 131. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 128. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 142 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under low N conditions (set 2 parameters) across Foxtail millet varieties Gene Corr. Name R P value Exp. set Set ID LGB5 0.74 1.54E−02 4 7 Table 162. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 131. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 129. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 143 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under low N conditions (set 1 parameters) across Foxtail millet varieties Gene P Exp. Corr. Gene P Exp. Corr. Name R value set Set ID Name R value set Set ID LGB4 0.85 1.67E−03 9 3 LGB4 0.80 5.19E−03 2 3 Table 143. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 130 and expression sets of Table 129; “P” = p value.

Example 15 Production of Cotton Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield and ABST Related Parameters Using 60K Cotton Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a cotton oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 60,000 cotton genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with ABST and yield and components or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 13 different cotton ecotypes were analyzed and further used for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane(dot)com/hyperstat/A34739(dot)html].

Correlation of Cotton Varieties Across Ecotypes Grown Under Regular and Drought Growth Conditions

Experimental Procedures

13 Cotton ecotypes were grown in 5-11 repetitive plots, in field. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows:

Regular growth conditions: Cotton plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols [623 m³ water per dunam (1000 square meters) per entire growth period, fertilization of 24 units of 12% nitrogen, 12 units of 6% phosphorous and 12 units of 6% potassium per entire growth periods. Plot size of 5 meter long, two rows, 8 plants per meter].

Drought growth conditions: Cotton seeds were sown in soil and grown under normal condition until first squares were visible (40 days from sowing), drought treatment was employed by irrigating with 75% water in comparison to the normal treatment [472 m³ water per dunam (1000 square meters) per entire growth period].

Analyzed Cotton tissues—Eight tissues [mature leaf, lower and upper main stem, flower, main mature boll, fruit, ovule with fiber (Day) and ovule with fiber (Night)] from plants growing under normal conditions were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above.

Eight tissues [mature lead (Day), mature leaf (Night), lower main stem, upper main stem, main flower, main mature boll, ovule and fiber (Day) and ovule with fiber (night)] from plants growing under drought conditions were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above.

Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Tables 144-145 below.

TABLE 144 Cotton transcriptome expression sets under normal conditions (normal expression set 1) Expression Set Set ID Fruit at 10 DPA at reproductive stage under 1 normal growth conditions Lower main stem at reproductive stage under 2 normal growth conditions Main flower at reproductive stage under 3 normal growth conditions Main mature boll at reproductive stage under 4 normal growth conditions Mature leaf (day) at reproductive stage under 5 normal conditions Mature leaf (night) at reproductive stage under 6 normal conditions Ovule and fiber (day) at reproductive stage under 7 normal conditions Ovule and fiber (night) at reproductive stage under 8 normal conditions Upper main stem at reproductive stage under 9 normal growth conditions Table 144: Provided are the cotton transcriptome expression sets. All tissues were collected during day light, except Mature leaf and ovule that were collected also during night. Lower main stem = the main stem adjacent to main mature boll; Upper main stem = the main stem adjacent to the main flower; Main flower = reproductive organ on the third position on the main stem(position 3); Fruit at 10DPA = reproductive organ ten days after anthesis on the main stem (position 2); Main mature boll = reproductive organ on the first position on the main stem (position 1).

TABLE 145 Cotton transcriptome expression sets under drought conditions (drought expression set 1) Expression Set Set ID Lower main stem reproductive stage under 1 drought growth conditions Main flower at reproductive stage under drought 2 drought growth conditions Main mature boll at reproductive stage under 3 drought growth conditions Mature leaf during night at reproductive stage under 4 drought growth conditions Ovule with fiber at reproductive stage during day under 5 drought growth conditions Ovule with fiber at reproductive stage during night 6 under drought growth conditions Upper main stem at reproductive stage under 7 drought growth conditions Table 145: Provided are the cotton transcriptome expression sets. Lower main stem = the main stem adjacent to main mature boll, Upper main stem = the main stem adjacent to the main flower, Main flower = reproductive organ on the third position on the main stem (position 3), Fruit at 10DPA = reproductive organ ten days after anthesis on the main stem (position 2), Main mature boll = reproductive organ on the first position on the main stem (position 1), Ovule and fiber were sampled either at day or night hours.

Cotton yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—13 Cotton ecotypes in 5-11 repetitive plots, each plot containing approximately 80 plants were grown in field. Plants were regularly fertilized and watered during plant growth until harvesting (as recommended for commercial growth). Plants were continuously phenotyped during the growth period and at harvest (Tables 198-199). The image analysis system included a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37 (Java based image processing program, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet [rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

The following parameters were measured and collected:

Total Bolls yield (RP) [gr]—Total boll weight (including fiber) per plot.

Total bolls yield per plant (RP) [gr]—Total boll weight (including fiber) per plot divided by the number of plants.

Fiber yield (RP) [gr]—Total fiber weight per plot.

Fiber yield per plant (RP) [gr]—Total fiber weight in plot divided by the number of plants.

Fiber yield per boll (RP) [gr]—Total fiber weight in plot divided by the number of bolls.

Estimated Avr Fiber yield (MB) po. 1 (H) [gr]—Weight of the fiber on the main branch in position 1 at harvest.

Estimated Avr Fiber yield (MB) po. 3 (H) [gr]—Weight of the fiber on the main branch in position 3 at harvest.

Estimated Avr Bolls FW (MB) po. 1 (H) [gr]—Weight of the fiber on the main branch in position 1 at harvest.

Estimated Avr Bolls FW (MB) po. 3 (H) [gr]—Weight of the fiber on the main branch in position 3 at harvest.

Fiber Length (RP)—Measure Fiber Length in inch from the rest of the plot.

Fiber Length Position 1 (SP)—Fiber length at position 1 from the selected plants. Measure Fiber Length in inch.

Fiber Length Position 3 (SP)—Fiber length at position 3 from the selected plants. Measure Fiber Length in inch.

Fiber Strength (RP)—Fiber Strength from the rest of the plot. Measured in grams per denier.

Fiber Strength Position 3 (SP)—Fiber strength at position 3 from the selected plants. Measured in grams per denier.

Micronaire (RP)—fiber fineness and maturity from the rest of the plot. The scale that was used was 3.7-4.2—for Premium; 4.3-4.9—Base Range; above 5—Discount Range.

Micronaire Position 1 (SP)—fiber fineness and maturity from position 1 from the selected plants. The scale that was used was 3.7-4.2—for Premium; 4.3-4.9—Base Range; above 5—Discount Range.

Micronaire Position 3 (SP)—fiber fineness and maturity from position 3 from the selected plants. The scale that was used was 3.7-4.2—for Premium; 4.3-4.9—Base Range; above 5—Discount Range.

Short Fiber Content (RP (%)—short fiber content from the rest of the plot

Uniformity (RP) (%)—fiber uniformity from the rest of the plot

Carbon isotope discrimination—(‰)—isotopic ratio of 13 C to 12 C in plant tissue was compared to the isotopic ratio of 13 C to 12 C in the atmosphere.

Leaf temp (V) (° Celsius)—leaf temperature was measured at vegetative stage using Fluke IR thermometer 568 device. Measurements were done on 4 plants per plot.

Leaf temp (10 DPA) (° Celsius)—Leaf temperature was measured 10 days post anthesis using Fluke IR thermometer 568 device. Measurements were done on 4 plants per plot.

Stomatal conductance (10 DPA)—(mmol m⁻² s⁻¹)—plants were evaluated for their stomata conductance using SC-1 Leaf Porometer (Decagon devices) 10 days post anthesis. Stomata conductance readings were done on fully developed leaf, for 2 leaves and 2 plants per plot.

Stomatal conductance (17 DPA)—(mmol m⁻² s⁻¹)—plants were evaluated for their stomata conductance using SC-1 Leaf Porometer (Decagon devices) 17 days post anthesis. Stomata conductance readings were done on fully developed leaf, for 2 leaves and 2 plants per plot.

% Canopy coverage (10 DPA) (F)—percent Canopy coverage 10 days post anthesis and at flowering stage. The % Canopy coverage is calculated using Formula XXXII above.

Leaf area (10 DPA) (cm²)—Total green leaves area 10 days post anthesis.

PAR LAI (10 DPA)—Photosynthetically active radiation 10 days post anthesis.

SPAD (17 DPA) [SPAD unit]—Plants were characterized for SPAD rate 17 days post anthesis. Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter. Four measurements per leaf were taken per plot.

SPAD (pre F)—Plants were characterized for SPAD rate during pre-flowering stage. Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter. Four measurements per leaf were taken per plot.

SPAD rate—the relative growth rate (RGR) of SPAD (Formula IV) as described above.

Leaf mass fraction (10 DPA) [cm²/gr.]—leaf mass fraction 10 days post anthesis.

The leaf mass fraction is calculated using Formula XXXIII above.

Lower Stem width (H) [mm]—This parameter was measured at harvest. Lower internodes from 8 plants per plot were separated from the plant and the diameter was measured using a caliber. The average internode width per plant was calculated by dividing the total stem width by the number of plants.

Upper Stem width (H) [mm]—This parameter was measured at harvest. Upper internodes from 8 plants per plot were separated from the plant and the diameter was measured using a caliber. The average internode width per plant was calculated by dividing the total stem width by the number of plants.

Plant height (H) [cm]—plants were measured for their height at harvest using a measuring tape. Height of main stem was measured from ground to apical mersitem base. Average of eight plants per plot was calculated.

Plant height growth [cm/day]—the relative growth rate (RGR) of Plant Height (Formula III above) as described above.

Shoot DW (V) [gr.]—Shoot dry weight at vegetative stage after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours. Total weight of 3 plants in a plot.

Shoot DW (10 DPA) [gr]—Shoot dry weight at 10 days post anthesis, after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours. Total weight of 3 plants in a plot.

Bolls num per plant (RP) [num]—Average bolls number per plant from the rest of the plot.

Reproductive period duration [num]—number of days from flowering to harvest for each plot.

Closed Bolls num per plant (RP) [num]—Average closed bolls number per plant from the rest of the plot.

Closed Bolls num per plant (SP) [num]—Average closed bolls number per plant from selected plants.

Open Bolls num per plant (SP) [num]—Average open bolls number per plant from selected plants. average of eight plants per plot.

Num of lateral branches with open bolls (H) [num]—count of number of lateral branches with open bolls at harvest, average of eight plants per plot.

Num of nodes with open bolls (MS) (H) [num]—count of number of nodes with open bolls on main stem at harvest, average of eight plants per plot.

Seeds yield per plant (RP) [gr]—Total weight of seeds in plot divided in plants number.

Estimated Avr Seeds yield (MB) po. 1 (H) [gr]—Total weight of seeds in position one per plot divided by plants number.

Estimated Avr Seeds yield (MB) po. 3 (H) [gr]—Total weight of seeds in position three per plot divided by plants number.

Estimated Avr Seeds num (MB) po. 1 (H) [num]—Total number of seeds in position one per plot divided by plants number.

Estimated Avr Seeds num (MB) po. 3 (H) [num]—Total number of seeds in position three per plot divided by plants number.

1000 seeds weight (RP) [gr.]—was calculated based on Formula XIV.

Experimental Results

13 different cotton varieties were grown and characterized for different parameters (Tables 146-147). The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software (Tables 148-151) and a subsequent correlation analysis between the various transcriptome sets (Tables 144-145) and the average parameters, was conducted (Tables 152-153). Results were then integrated to the database.

TABLE 146 Cotton correlated parameters under normal growth conditions (vectors) (parameters set 1) Corr. Correlated parameter with ID 1000 seeds weight (RP) [gr.], under Normal growth conditions  1 Closed Bolls num per plant (RP) [num], under Normal growth  2 conditions Closed Bolls num per plant (SP) [num], under Normal growth  3 conditions Estimated Avr. Bolls FW (MB) po. 1 (H) [gr.], under Normal  4 growth conditions Estimated Avr. Bolls FW (MB) po. 3 (H) [gr.], under Normal  5 growth conditions Estimated Avr. Fiber yield (MB) po. 1 (H) [gr.], under Normal  6 growth conditions Estimated Avr. Fiber yield (MB) po. 3 (H) [gr.], under Normal  7 growth conditions Estimated Avr. Seeds num (MB) po. 1 (H) [num], under Normal  8 growth conditions Estimated Avr. Seeds num (MB) po. 3 (H) [num], under Normal  9 growth conditions Estimated Avr. Seeds yield (MB) po. 1 (H) [gr.], under Normal 10 growth conditions Estimated Avr. Seeds yield (MB) po. 3 (H) [gr.], under Normal 11 growth conditions Fiber yield per boll (RP) [gr.], under Normal growth conditions 12 Fiber yield per plant (RP) [gr.], under Normal growth conditions 13 Leaf mass fraction (10DPA) [cm²/gr.], under Normal growth 14 conditions Lower Stem width (H) [mm], under Normal growth conditions 15 Num of lateral branches with open bolls (H) [number], under 16 Normal growth conditions Num of nodes with open bolls (MS) (H) [number], under 17 Normal growth conditions Open Bolls num per plant (SP) [number], under Normal growth 18 conditions Plant height growth [cm/day], under Normal growth conditions 19 Plant height (H) [cm], under Normal growth conditions 20 Reproductive period duration [number], under Normal growth 21 conditions Seeds yield per plant (RP) [gr.], under Normal growth conditions 22 Shoot DW (10DPA) [gr.], under Normal growth conditions 23 Shoot DW (V) [gr.], under Normal growth conditions 24 SPAD (17DPA) [SPAD unit], under Normal growth conditions 25 Total Bolls yield (RP) [gr.], under Normal growth conditions 26 Upper Stem width (H) [mm], under Normal growth conditions 27 Table 146. Provided are the Cotton correlated parameters (vectors). “RP”-Rest of plot; “SP” = selected plants; “gr.” = grams; “H” = Harvest; “in”-inch; “SP”-Selected plants; “SPAD” = chlorophyll levels; “FW” = Plant Fresh weight; “DPA”-Days post anthesis; “mm”-millimeter; “cm”-centimeter; “num”-number; “Avr.” = average; “DPA” = days post anthesis; “v” = vegetative stage; “H” = harvest stage; “po. 1” = position 1 of the boll/fiber on the main branch closest to the main stem (basal boll); “po.3” = position 3 of the boll/fiber on the main branch (distal boll) “MB” = main branch; “MS” = main stem.

TABLE 147 Cotton correlated parameters under drought growth conditions (vectors) (parameters set 1) Correlated parameter with Corr. ID 1000 seeds weight (RP) [gr.], under Drought growth conditions  1 Bolls num per plant (RP) [number], under Drought growth conditions  2 Closed Bolls num per plant (RP) [number], under Drought growth conditions  3 Closed Bolls num per plant (SP) [number], under Drought growth conditions  4 Estimated Avr. Bolls FW (MB) po. 1 (H) [gr.], under Drought growth  5 conditions Estimated Avr. Bolls FW (MB) po. 3 (H) [gr.], under Drought growth  6 conditions Estimated Avr. Fiber yield (MB) po. 1 (H) [gr.], under Drought growth  7 conditions Estimated Avr. Fiber yield (MB) po. 3 (H) [gr.], under Drought growth  8 conditions Estimated Avr. Seeds num (MB) po. 1 (H) [num], under Drought growth  9 conditions Estimated Avr. Seeds num (MB) po. 3 (H) [num], under Drought growth 10 conditions Estimated Avr. Seeds yield (MB) po. 1 (H) [gr.], under Drought growth 11 conditions Estimated Avr. Seeds yield (MB) po. 3 (H) [gr.], under Drought growth 12 conditions Fiber yield per boll (RP) [gr.], under Drought growth conditions 13 Fiber yield per plant (RP) [gr.], under Drought growth conditions 14 Fiber yield (RP) [gr.], under Drought growth conditions 15 Leaf mass fraction (10DPA) [cm²/gr.], under Drought growth conditions 16 Lower Stem width (H) [mm], under Drought growth conditions 17 Num of lateral branches with open bolls (H) [number], under Drought growth 18 conditions Num of nodes with open bolls (MS) (H) [number], under Drought growth 19 conditions Open Bolls num per plant (SP) [number], under Drought growth conditions 20 Plant height growth [cm/day], under Drought growth conditions 21 Plant height (H) [cm], under Drought growth conditions 22 Reproductive period duration [number], under Drought growth conditions 23 Seeds yield per plant (RP) [gr.], under Drought growth conditions 24 Shoot DW (10DPA) [gr.], under Drought growth conditions 25 Shoot DW (V) [gr.], under Drought growth conditions 26 SPAD (17DPA) [SPAD unit], Drought 77 Total bolls yield per plant (RP) [gr.], under Drought growth conditions 28 Total Bolls yield (RP) [gr.], under Drought growth conditions 29 Upper Stem width (H) [mm], under Drought growth conditions 30 Table 147. Provided are the Cotton correlated parameters (vectors). “RP”-Rest of plot; “SP” = selected plants; “gr.” = grams; “H” = Harvest; “in”-inch; “SP”-Selected plants; “SPAD” = chlorophyll levels; “FW” = Plant Fresh weight; “DPA”-Days post anthesis; “mm”-millimeter; “cm”-centimeter; “num”-number; “Avr.” = average; “DPA” = days post anthesis; “v” = vegetative stage; “H” = harvest stage; “po. 1” = position 1 of the boll/fiber on the main branch closest to the main stem (basal boll); “po.3” = position 3 of the boll/fiber on the main branch (distal boll) “MB” = main branch; “MS” = main stem.

TABLE 148 Measured parameters in Cotton accessions (1-7) under normal conditions (parameters set 1) Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 1 105.2 113.6 98.5 84.7 111.7 82.5 91.6 2 4.23 NA NA NA NA NA 4.56 3 5.55 2.08 3.39 2.09 3.07 2.41 5.89 4 6.62 4.88 7.08 5.34 4.08 3.58 5.66 5 6.42 2.93 5.95 4.16 2.72 2.73 5.13 6 2.53 1.88 2.69 2.02 1.5 0.38 2.04 7 2.46 1.13 2.34 1.69 1.06 0.5 1.87 8 31.6 24.2 36 31.3 20.9 32.6 30.8 9 31.2 15.5 33.3 26.1 14.9 31.3 32.6 10 3.33 2.7 3.83 2.99 2.43 3.02 3.03 11 3.29 1.58 3.06 2.19 1.64 2.29 2.76 12 2.3 1.37 2.22 1.81 1.12 0.4 1.8 13 25.2 26 25.4 27.9 25.4 4.7 24 14 41.1 36.5 34 48 44.6 54.7 28.1 15 12.8 13.7 11.8 12.4 13 10.9 13 16 1.021 1.458 0.812 0.958 1.208 1.688 1.292 17 8.15 10.9 9 11.04 10.14 7.85 8.48 18 12 22.6 11.8 18.8 27.7 16.4 15 20 112.8 110.8 100.6 115.4 103.3 98.5 121.9 19 1.86 2 1.73 1.72 1.66 1.72 2.09 21 121.3 108.1 108 103.8 102.9 108 126 25 34.3 33.5 31.4 29.7 37.1 27.4 33.4 22 32.5 34.9 32.5 35.1 36.3 26.7 33.1 23 169.2 183.6 171.1 172.7 190 149 193.1 24 39.2 64.7 44.8 38.1 46.2 36.7 48.2 26 505.4 564.2 544.2 585.5 536.5 317.2 488.3 27 3.02 3.64 3.32 3.13 3.23 2.73 2.8 Table 148. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above measured in cotton accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 149 Measured parameters in additional Cotton accessions (8-13) under normal conditions (parameters set 1) Corr. Line ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 1 116.7 99.6 99.5 97.7 102.7 109.9 2 NA NA 3.16 1.11 NA NA 3 2.34 3.75 3.31 1.84 2.74 3.09 4 3.13 6.37 6.14 NA 4.95 6.95 5 3.31 4.71 5.44 4.14 4.6 6.25 6 1.14 2.47 2.29 NA 1.77 2.92 7 1.19 1.91 2.02 1.12 1.65 2.65 8 15.5 31.5 29.3 NA 25.6 34.6 9 18.2 25.1 29 29.1 25.9 32.7 10 1.87 3.21 3 NA 2.82 3.87 11 2.06 2.25 2.65 2.73 2.55 3.56 12 1.24 2.23 1.99 1.18 1.74 2.39 13 26.6 30.8 23.1 20.5 26 29.1 14 45.4 28.1 33.5 47.9 45.9 44 15 13.1 14.3 11.8 14.5 12.6 14 16 1.125 0.795 0.583 0.125 0.146 0.708 17 11.29 10.83 8.73 12.33 9.19 10.65 18 30.3 17.9 12.4 19.6 14.7 15.7 20 102.2 127.3 105.8 151.3 117.6 119.2 19 1.63 2.07 1.86 1.57 1.87 1.94 21 102.7 104.4 126 145.2 109.5 106.2 25 33.8 31.9 32.9 22.1 28.1 31.1 22 39.5 39.7 30.2 47.6 37.8 35.9 23 196.4 199.8 179.4 134.3 198.5 165,5 24 50.8 51.7 39.7 35.3 42.1 42.1 26 620.5 715.1 421.3 531.8 405.3 715.7 27 2.99 3.45 2.88 3.4 3.28 3.29 Table 149. Provided are the values of each of the parameters as described above) measured in cotton accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 150 Measured parameters in Cotton accessions (1-7) under drought conditions (parameters set 1) Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 1 99.1 105.4 94.2 80.7 109 80.4 92.9 2 9.3 14.5 9.8 12.5 19.9 8 10.6 3 NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.237 4 3.77 3.7 3.63 2.92 2.5 3.2 4.76 5 6.76 3.05 6.51 NA NA NA NA 6 6.15 4.25 5.9 NA NA 3.51 4.18 7 2.63 1.2 2.53 NA NA NA NA 8 2.34 1.57 2.32 NA NA 0.47 1.44 9 32.6 15.6 33.5 NA NA NA NA 10 33.4 21.8 34.6 NA NA 32.1 27.5 11 3.45 1.66 3.55 NA NA NA NA 12 3.3 2.3 3.16 NA NA 2.56 2.16 15 622 554.2 659.3 683.3 494.7 76 467.3 13 2.06 1.08 2 1.82 0.84 0.27 1.43 14 19.2 17.5 19.4 20.5 16.7 2.2 16 16 28.9 37.4 33.1 41 39.8 33.4 27 17 11.4 11.7 10.8 10.8 11 9.9 11.3 18 1.041 0.875 1.167 1.083 1.384 1.05 1.229 19 6.98 7.23 7.17 7.42 8.23 5.97 7.6 20 9.8 14.1 10.6 12.2 23.2 10.3 11.9 22 92.9 87.2 79.8 85.6 71.3 77.2 99.4 21 0.988 0.956 0.993 0.985 0.975 0.966 0.996 23 100.2 99.8 99.3 96.2 92.9 99.4 127 27 47.4 46.8 48.5 49.3 53.5 46.4 48.6 24 24.9 24 25.5 27.1 27.5 16.5 24 25 140.2 140.8 184.7 147.4 149.5 116.5 161.3 26 37.2 51.2 46.9 45.6 40 28.2 41.4 29 1573 1378.9 1634.8 1597.2 1358.9 745 1246 28 48.7 43.5 48.2 52.2 45.9 19.4 42.6 30 2.89 3.09 3.08 3.17 3.25 2.84 2.6 Table 150. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section

TABLE 151 Measured parameters in additional Cotton accessions (8-13) under drought conditions (parameters set 1) Corr. Line ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 1 108.7 95.5 98.7 99 97.2 109.6 2 19.6 11.4 9.1 14 10.2 11 3 NA NA 3.977 NA NA NA 4 1.62 3.62 4.67 2.3 3.21 3.57 5 3.58 5.5 NA 4.2 4.88 5.9 6 2.43 5.17 5.14 3.36 4.45 5.03 7 1.31 2.11 NA 1.13 1.75 2.15 8 0.86 1.95 1.82 0.97 1.64 1.86 9 18.7 29.5 NA 31.2 27.3 29 10 13.9 29.2 28.1 24.8 27.8 26 11 2.15 2.82 NA 3.18 2.74 3.2 12 1.38 2.64 2.51 2.31 2.53 2.65 15 592.6 598.8 558 428 563.7 614.7 13 1 1.82 2.02 1.01 1.59 2.02 14 19.6 18.9 18.3 14.1 16.1 20.2 16 41.9 30.6 30.1 46 39.5 34.2 17 11.9 12.5 10.6 11.8 11.3 12 18 0.893 0.963 0.875 0.208 0.367 0.875 19 9.39 7.68 7.06 10.31 7.55 8.19 20 22.8 12.7 9.9 14.5 11.7 12.8 22 74.8 97.7 85.5 104.4 93 93.4 21 0.992 0.993 0.985 0.991 0.986 0.984 23 92.9 97.7 127 98.8 98.5 98.8 27 48.8 51.2 52.1 43.8 45.8 49 24 30.4 25.9 23.3 31.7 23.9 30.6 25 162.8 159.8 123.2 192.8 156.6 163.7 26 49.8 44.3 36.5 43.2 38 37.8 29 1583.1 1552.1 1419.2 1533.2 1489.2 1606.4 28 52.4 49.1 46 50.7 42.4 57.1 30 3.17 3.37 2.91 3.46 3.5 3.22 Table 151. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (Line). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section

TABLE 152 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotipic performance under normal conditions (set 1) across Cotton accessions Gene P Exp. Corr. Gene P Exp. Corr. Name R value set Set ID Name R value set Set ID LGA6 0.72 1.10E−01 8 16 LGA6 0.84 3.60E−02 6 11 LGA6 0.74 9.15E−02 6 7 LGA6 0.90 1.45E−02 6 20 LGA6 0.95 4.19E−03 6 1 LGA6 0.95 3.22E−03 6 5 LGA6 0.76 1.02E−02 1 20 LGA6 0.90 4.37E−04 1 21 LGB1 0.91 3.52E−05 3 18 LGB1 0.74 5.86E−02 2 11 LGB1 0.78 3.96E−02 2 27 LGB1 0.97 1.26E−03 6 18 LGB1 0.83 3.88E−02 6 25 LGB1 0.79 6.27E−02 6 1 LGB1 0.81 5.21E−02 6 23 Table 152. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. Set ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 146. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 144. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value

TABLE 153 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under drought conditions (drought expression set 1) across Cotton accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGA6 0.78 1.73E−02 7 2 LGA6 0.86 3.00E−03 7 20 LGA6 0.97 2.70E−06 3 2 LGA6 0.90 3.59E−04 3 20 LGA6 0.93 2.67E−03 1 16 LGA6 0.80 2.92E−02 1 30 LGB1 0.77 6.00E−03 4 2 LGB1 0.83 1.67E−03 4 20 LGB1 0.79 1.06E−02 7 29 LGB1 0.78 1.23E−02 7 14 LGB1 0.93 2.40E−03 7 12 LGB1 0.81 8.72E−03 7 15 LGB1 0.85 1.65E−02 7 10 LGB1 0.76 1.86E−02 7 28 LGB1 0.79 3.62E−02 7 8 LGB1 0.77 1.55E−02 7 30 LGB1 0.96 6.03E−04 7 6 LGB1 0.87 9.95E−04 3 2 LGB1 0.85 1.94E−03 3 20 LGB1 0.80 1.68E−02 3 12 LGB1 0.71 7.67E−02 1 1 LGB1 0.86 1.37E−02 1 23 LGB1 0.77 4.27E−02 1 4 Table 153. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 147. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 145. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value

Example 16 Production of Sorghum Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield and Drought Related Parameters Measured in Fields Using 65K Sorghum Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a Sorghum oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 65,000 Sorghum genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with ABST, drought and yield components or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 12 different Sorghum hybrids were analyzed. Among them, 8 hybrids encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane(dot)com/hyperstat/A34739(dot)html].

Experimental Procedures

12 Sorghum varieties were grown in 6 repetitive plots, in field. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows:

1. Regular growth conditions: Sorghum plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols (normal growth conditions), which include 452 m³ water per dunam (1000 square meters) per entire growth period and fertilization of 14 units of URAN® 21% (Nitrogen Fertilizer Solution; PCS Sales, Northbrook, Ill., USA).

2. Drought conditions: Sorghum seeds were sown in soil and grown under normal condition until flowering stage (59 days from sowing), and then drought treatment was imposed by irrigating plants with 50% water relative to the normal treatment from this stage [309 m³ water per dunam (1000 square meters) per entire growth period].

Analyzed Sorghum tissues—All 12 selected Sorghum hybrids were sample per each treatment. Tissues [Basal and distal head, flag leaf and upper stem] representing different plant characteristics, from plants growing under normal conditions and drought stress conditions were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Tables 154-155 below.

TABLE 154 Sorghum transcriptome expression sets in field experiment under normal conditions Set Expression Set ID Basal head at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions 1 Distal head at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions 2 Leaf at flowering stage, under normal growth conditions 3 Leaf at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions 4 Up stem at flowering stage, under normal growth conditions 5 Up stem at grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions 6 Table 154: Provided are the sorghum transcriptome expression sets under normal conditions.

TABLE 155 Sorghum transcriptome expression sets in field experiment under drought conditions Expression Set Set ID Basal head at grain filling stage, under drought growth 1 conditions Distal head at grain filling stage, under drought growth 2 conditions Leaf at flowering stage, under drought growth conditions 3 Leaf at grain filling stage, under drought growth conditions 4 Up stem at flowering stage, under drought growth conditions 5 Up stem at grain filling stage, under drought growth conditions 6 Table 155: Provided are the sorghum transcriptome expression sets under drought conditions.

Sorghum yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—Plants were phenotyped as shown in Table 156 below. Some of the following parameters were collected using digital imaging system:

Grains yield per plant (gr.)—At the end of the growing period heads were collected (harvest stage). Selected heads were separately threshed and grains were weighted. The average grain weight per plant was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by the number of selected plants.

Heads weight per plant (RP) (kg)—At the end of the growing period heads of selected plants were collected (harvest stage) from the rest of the plants in the plot. Heads were weighted after oven dry (dry weight), and average head weight per plant was calculated.

Grains num (SP) (number)—was calculated by dividing seed yield from selected plants by a single seed weight.

1000 grain weight (gr)—was calculated based on Formula XIV.

Grain area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the Plant ‘Head’. A sample of ˜200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Grain Circularity—The circularity of the grains was calculated based on Formula XIX.

Main Head Area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period selected “Main Heads” were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The “Main Head” area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of “Main Heads”.

Main Head length (cm)—At the end of the growing period selected “Main Heads” were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The “Main Head” length (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of “Main Heads”.

Main Head Width (cm)—At the end of the growing period selected “Main Heads” were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The “Main Head” width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of “Main Heads”.

An image processing system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing software, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, image processing output data for seed area and seed length was saved to text files and analyzed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Additional parameters were collected either by sampling selected plants in a plot or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot.

All Heads Area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period (harvest) selected plants main and secondary heads were photographed and images were processed using the above described image processing system. All heads area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of plants.

All Heads length (cm)—At the end of the growing period (harvest) selected plants main and secondary heads were photographed and images were processed using the above described image processing system. All heads length (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of plants.

All Heads Width (cm)—At the end of the growing period main and secondary heads were photographed and images were processed using the above described image processing system. All heads width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of plants.

Head weight per plant (RP)/water until maturity (gr/lit)—At the end of the growing period heads were collected (harvest stage) from the rest of the plants in the plot. Heads were weighted after oven dry (dry weight), and average head weight per plant was calculated. Head weight per plant was then divided by the average water volume used for irrigation until maturity.

Harvest index (SP)—was calculated based on Formula XVI above.

Heads index (RP)—was calculated based on Formula XXXXVI above.

Head dry weight (GF) (gr.)—selected heads per plot were collected at the grain filling stage (R2-R3) and weighted after oven dry (dry weight).

Heads per plant (RP) (num)—At the end of the growing period total number of rest of plot heads were counted and divided by the total number of rest of plot plants.

Leaves temperature 2(° C.)—leaf temperature was measured using Fluke IR thermometer 568 device. Measurements were done on opened leaves at grain filling stage.

Leaves temperature 6(° C.)—leaf temperature was measured using Fluke IR thermometer 568 device. Measurements were done on opened leaves at late grain filling stage.

Stomatal conductance (F) (mmol m⁻² s⁻¹)—plants were evaluated for their stomata conductance using SC-1 Leaf Porometer (Decagon devices) at flowering (F) stage. Stomata conductance readings were done on fully developed leaf, for 2 leaves and 2 plants per plot.

Stomatal conductance (GF) (mmol m⁻² s⁻¹)—plants were evaluated for their stomata conductance using SC-1 Leaf Porometer (Decagon devices) at grain filling (GF) stage. Stomata conductance readings were done on fully developed leaf, for 2 leaves and 2 plants per plot.

Relative water content 2 (RWC, %)—was calculated based on Formula I at grain filling.

Specific leaf area (SLA) (GF)—was calculated based on Formula XXXVII above.

Waxy leaf blade—was defined by view of leaf blades % of Normal and % of grayish (powdered coating/frosted appearance). Plants were scored for their waxiness according to the scale 0=normal, 1=intermediate, 2=grayish.

SPAD 2 (SPAD unit)—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at flowering. SPAD meter readings were done on fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plant.

SPAD 3 (SPAD unit)—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at grain filling. SPAD meter readings were done on fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plant.

% yellow leaves number (F) (percentage)—At flowering stage, leaves of selected plants were collected. Yellow and green leaves were separately counted. Percent of yellow leaves at flowering was calculated for each plant by dividing yellow leaves number per plant by the overall number of leaves per plant and multiplying by 100.

% yellow leaves number (H) (percentage)—At harvest stage, leaves of selected plants were collected. Yellow and green leaves were separately counted. Percent of yellow leaves at flowering was calculated for each plant by dividing yellow leaves number per plant by the overall number of leaves per plant and multiplying by 100.

% Canopy coverage (GF)—was calculated based on Formula XXXII above.

LAI LP-80 (GF)—Leaf area index values were determined using an AccuPAR Centrometer Model LP-80 and measurements were performed at grain filling stage with three measurements per plot.

Leaves area per plant (GF) (cm²)—total leaf area of selected plants in a plot. This parameter was measured using a Leaf area-meter at the grain filling period (GF).

Plant height (H) (cm)—Plants were characterized for height at harvest. Plants were measured for their height using a measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the longest leaf.

Relative growth rate of Plant height (cm/day)—was calculated based on Formula III above.

Num days to Heading (number)—Calculated as the number of days from sowing till 50% of the plot arrives to heading.

Num days to Maturity (number)—Calculated as the number of days from sowing till 50% of the plot arrives to seed maturation.

Vegetative DW per plant (gr.)—At the end of the growing period all vegetative material (excluding roots) from plots were collected and weighted after oven dry (dry weight). The biomass per plant was calculated by dividing total biomass by the number of plants.

Lower Stem dry density (F) (gr/cm³)—measured at flowering. Lower internodes from selected plants per plot were separated from the plants and weighted (dry weight). To obtain stem density, internode dry weight was divided by the internode volume.

Lower Stem dry density (H) (gr/cm³)—measured at harvest. Lower internodes from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant and weighted (dry weight). To obtain stem density, internode dry weight was divided by the internode volume.

Lower Stem fresh density (F) (gr/cm³)—measured at flowering. Lower internodes from selected plants per plot were separated from the plants and weighted (fresh weight). To obtain stem density, internodes fresh weight was divided by the stem volume.

Lower Stem fresh density (H) (gr/cm³)—measured at harvest. Lower internodes from selected plants per plot were separated from the plants and weighted (fresh weight). To obtain stem density, internodes fresh weight was divided by the stem volume.

Lower Stem length (F) (cm)—Lower internodes from selected plants per plot were separated from the plants at flowering (F). Internodes were measured for their length using a ruler.

Lower Stem length (H) (cm)—Lower internodes from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant at harvest (H). Internodes were measured for their length using a ruler.

Lower Stem width (F) (cm)—Lower internodes from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant at flowering (F). Internodes were measured for their width using a caliber.

Lower Stem width (GF) (cm)—Lower internodes from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant at grain filling (GF). Internodes were measured for their width using a caliber.

Lower Stem width (H) (cm)—Lower internodes from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant at harvest (H). Internodes were measured for their width using a caliber.

Upper Stem dry density (F) (gr/cm³)—measured at flowering (F). Upper internodes from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant and weighted (dry weight). To obtain stem density, stem dry weight was divided by the stem volume.

Upper Stem dry density (H) (gr/cm³)—measured at harvest (H). Upper stems from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant and weighted (dry weight). To obtain stem density, stem dry weight was divided by the stem volume.

Upper Stem fresh density (F) (gr/cm³)—measured at flowering (F). Upper stems from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant and weighted (fresh weight). To obtain stem density, stem fresh weight was divided by the stem volume.

Upper Stem fresh density (H) (gr/cm³)—measured at harvest (H). Upper stems from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant and weighted (fresh weight). To obtain stem density, stem fresh weight was divided by the stem volume.

Upper Stem length (F) (cm)—Upper stems from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant at flowering (F). Stems were measured for their length using a ruler.

Upper Stem length (H) (cm)—Upper stems from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant at harvest (H). Stems were measured for their length using a ruler.

Upper Stem width (F) (cm)—Upper stems from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant at flowering (F). Stems were measured for their width using a caliber.

Upper Stem width (H) (cm)—Upper stems from selected plants per plot were separated from the plant at harvest (H). Stems were measured for their width using a caliber.

Upper Stem volume (H)—was calculated based on Formula L above.

Data parameters collected are summarized in Table 156, herein below.

TABLE 156 Sorghum correlated parameters under normal and drought growth conditions (vectors) Correlated parameter with Corr. ID 1000 grain weight [gr.]  1 All Heads Area [cm²]  2 All Heads length [cm]  3 All Heads Width [cm]  4 % Canopy coverage (GF) [%]  5 Grain area [cm²]  6 Grain Circularity  7 Grains num (SP) [num]  8 Grains yield per plant [gr.]  9 Harvest index (SP) 10 Head dry weight (GF) [gr.] 11 Heads index (RP) 12 Heads per plant (RP) [num] 13 Heads weight per plant (RP) [kg] 14 Head weight per plant (RP)/water until 15 maturity [gr./lit] LAI LP-80 (GF) 16 Leaves area per plant (GF) [cm²] 17 Leaves temperature 2 [CA°] 18 Leaves temperature 6 [CA°] 19 Lower Stem dry density (F) [gr/cm³] 20 Lower Stem dry density (H) [gr/cm³] 21 Lower Stem fresh density (F) [gr/cm³] 22 Lower Stem fresh density (H) [gr/cm³] 23 Lower Stem length (F) [cm] 24 Lower Stem length (H) [cm] 25 Lower Stem width (F) [cm] 26 Lower Stem width (GF) [cm] 27 Lower Stem width (H) [cm] 28 Main Head Area [cm²] 29 Main Head length [cm] 30 Main Head Width [cm] 31 Num days to Heading [num] 32 Num days to Maturity [num] 33 Plant height (H) [cm] 34 Relative growth rate of Plant height [cm/day] 35 Relative water content 2 [%] 36 SPAD 2 [SPAD unit] 37 SPAD 3 [SPAD unit] 38 Specific leaf area (SLA) (GF) 39 Stomatal conductance (F) [mmol m⁻² s⁻¹] 40 Stomatal conductance (GF) [mmol m⁻² s⁻¹] 41 Upper Stem dry density (F) [gr./cm³] 42 Upper Stem dry density (H) [gr./cm³] 43 Upper Stem fresh density (F) [gr./cm³] 44 Upper Stem fresh density (H) [gr./cm³] 45 Upper Stem length (F) [cm] 46 Upper Stein length (H) (cm) 47 Upper Stem volume (H) [cm³] 48 Upper Stem width (F) [cm] 49 Upper Stein width (H) [cm] 50 Vegetative DW per plant [gr.] 51 Waxy leaf blade 52 % yellow leaves number (F) [%] 53 % yellow leaves number (H) [%] 54 Table 156. Provided are the Sorghum correlated parameters vectors). “gr.” = grams; “kg” = kilograms”; “RP” = Rest of plot; “SP” = Selected plants; “num” = Number; “lit” = Liter; “SPAD” = chlorophyll levels; “FW” = Plant Fresh weight; “DW” = Plant Dry weight; “GF” = Grain filling growth stage; “F” = Flowering stage; “H” = Harvest stage; “cm” = Centimeter; “mmol” = millimole.

Experimental Results

Twelve different Sorghum hybrids were grown and characterized for different parameters (Table 156). The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software (Tables 157-160) and a subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Tables 161-162). Results were then integrated to the database.

TABLE 157 Measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under normal conditions Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 5 3 95 69.2 97.5 83.6 92.8 84.3 53 3 0.611 0.853 0.548 0.314 0.713 0.573 54 3 0.406 0.111 0.37 0.126 0.485 0.149 1 3 27.6 22.8 14.9 18.5 28.5 27.1 2 3 114.5 79.7 77.9 79.7 219 100.1 4 3 5.54 4.93 6.2 4.56 9.99 6.55 3 3 27.7 21.4 17.8 23.7 32.2 19.4 7 3 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.88 0.87 0.89 6 3 0.154 0.119 0.098 0.122 0.154 0.149 8 3 12730.1 6281.9 4599.5 15182.6 12628.1 17505 9 3 43.9 18 8.5 33.2 44.3 60.2 10 3 0.218 0.185 0.054 0.253 0.261 0.375 11 3 29.3 12.9 27.9 41.3 38.9 15.2 15 3 0.248 0.163 0.136 0.197 0.178 0.285 12 3 0.343 0.402 0.241 0.338 0.361 0.532 13 3 NA 1.42 1.74 1.3 0.97 1.73 14 3 0.057 0.037 0.031 0.045 0.041 0.066 16 3 6.27 NA 6.11 5.42 5.43 NA 17 3 2825.8 1911.2 2030 2866.8 1554.7 2342.6 20 3 1.57 1.37 2.81 2.17 2.35 1.4 21 3 1_83 2.03 3.48 2.53 3.05 1.8 22 3 10.47 10.64 8.55 10.85 11.32 10.04 23 3 9.79 10.38 10.52 10.49 11.28 7.29 24 3 7.79 3.5 14.9 3.41 11.12 8.16 25 3 7.99 4.83 12.87 3.12 10.76 8.3 26 3 19.5 16.7 14.7 17.9 14.8 16 27 3 20 20.9 14.7 18.8 15.3 15.9 28 3 19.1 15.5 14.4 20.3 15.2 15.1 29 3 114.5 80.8 77.9 79.7 219 112.1 31 3 5.54 4.99 6.2 4.56 9.99 7.19 30 3 27.7 21.6 17.8 23.7 32.2 20.7 32 3 89.4 65.7 88.2 74 84 71.5 33 3 126 107 115 107 107 92 34 3 182.1 104.6 143.8 99 173.6 170.1 35 3 2.87 1.85 2.55 1.65 3.12 2.73 36 3 72.1 91.7 79.5 86.7 74 90.6 37 3 47.8 49.3 44.7 49.1 41.7 47.2 38 3 47.7 35.4 45.8 42.1 41.4 33.4 39 3 80.2 170.3 54.3 76.9 51.4 163.1 40 3 670.4 1017.6 584.4 640.6 350 553.5 41 3 382.9 809.4 468.7 486.9 421.5 633.1 42 3 NA 1.24 NA NA 2.11 1.23 43 3 2.05 1.77 2.36 1.83 1.73 1.86 44 3 NA 9.79 NA NA 10.44 9.38 45 3 6.61 8.92 6.43 8.25 7.24 4.64 46 3 NA 42.6 NA NA NA 9.2 47 3 38.8 45 24.5 52.5 38.4 34 48 3 8.74 7.46 6.99 7.68 7.83 10.07 49 3 2352.5 2169.1 968.8 2452.6 1997.7 2767.5 50 3 8.23 8.98 7.11 7.13 6.81 10.42 51 3 0.125 0.05 0.122 0.076 0.097 0.062 52 3 NA 2 NA NA NA 1.062 Table 157: Provided are the values of each of the parameters(as describe above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “NA” = not available.

TABLE 158 Measured parameters in additional Sorghum accessions under normal growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 5 80.6 75.7 80.2 79.7 65.9 89.6 53 0.584 0.544 0.208 0.484 0.351 0.574 54 0.076 0.022 0.018 0.129 0.096 0.424 1 18.5 18.5 23.5 25.9 24.3 20.4 2 85.4 139 70 78.6 152 145.2 4 5.45 6.37 4.48 4.57 7.41 6.32 3 21.3 30.9 19.2 21 27.8 30 7 0.89 0.88 0.89 0.9 0.89 0.9 6 0.117 0.121 0.122 0.129 0.123 0.125 8 13887.9 21509.8 13138.7 16910 18205.2 24801.2 9 32.1 49.6 39 54.8 55.3 64.7 10 0.309 0.409 0.343 0.36 0.314 0.318 11 10.2 27.6 31.6 25.8 21.3 74.5 15 0.249 0.271 0.284 0.315 0.216 0.325 12 0.477 0.554 0.538 0.502 0.471 0.478 13 1.37 1.08 2.2 1.52 1.17 1.01 14 0.057 0.062 0.065 0.072 0.049 0.075 16 NA NA NA NA NA 5.79 17 2008.9 2212 1495.5 1997.8 2692.1 2647.7 20 1.97 2.05 2.29 1.87 1.71 2.14 21 2.93 2.47 2.56 2.48 2.74 1.64 22 10.71 10.82 10.84 10.84 10.7 10.55 23 10.09 10.85 11 11.2 7.36 8.62 24 2.83 3.22 4.02 4.88 2.82 8.79 25 2.97 3.72 5.9 5.07 3.78 9.98 26 17.8 18.7 13.5 15 14.7 16.4 27 21.5 21 19.5 16.5 19.9 19.4 28 17.4 16.3 13.3 15 16.4 18.7 29 85.4 139 98.9 114.7 154.7 147.9 31 5.45 6.37 5.9 6.27 7.5 6.4 30 21.3 30.9 22.5 24.7 28.3 30.5 32 67.7 63.7 56 59 56 75.3 33 107 92 107 107 107 107 34 54.9 94.8 101.6 113 88.3 163.8 35 0.88 1.57 1.73 1.91 1.59 2.87 36 88.8 90.2 90.8 88.5 86.7 82 37 52.1 53.7 52.6 53.9 51.8 44.1 38 50.2 41.9 46.8 46.8 48.6 40.1 39 194.1 213.7 212 214.6 157.4 67.7 40 473.8 796.9 879 810.3 889 607.2 41 485.7 886 730.6 886.6 785 384.5 42 1.26 1.5 1.94 1.92 1.96 NA 43 1.76 1.75 1.79 1.66 1.87 1.67 44 10.22 9.69 9.98 10.74 10.33 NA 45 7.23 7.31 7.92 7.06 5.4 4.82 46 26.6 60.4 53.6 55 44.6 NA 47 28.8 59.7 52 54.8 45.5 48.5 48 8.42 8.61 8.51 9.19 9.14 9.31 49 1607.7 3510.7 2907.8 3639.5 3045.6 3301.8 50 9.43 9.54 8.04 8.85 7.91 8.07 51 0.045 0.045 0.046 0.063 0.086 0.099 52 1.125 1.438 1 1.75 1 NA Table 158: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Seed ID) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section. “NA” = not available.

TABLE 159 Measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under drought growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 5 1 86.9 61.3 75 77.8 75.5 80.4 53 3 0.371 0.728 0.407 0.695 0.425 0.878 54 3 0.286 0.424 0.256 0.478 0.366 0.394 1 3 24.2 19.8 14.2 14.6 25.5 20.8 2 3 72.4 93.8 30.8 55.3 131.2 76.5 4 3 4.27 5.39 3.51 3.72 7 5.27 3 3 22.3 24.4 12.2 19.9 27.6 18.2 7 3 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.88 0.87 0.89 6 3 0.142 0.114 0.095 0.112 0.144 0.131 8 3 6967.7 5451.7 3960.3 9838.5 6481.7 12402.5 9 3 23.8 13.7 7 18.2 20.7 34.4 10 3 0.135 0.158 0.065 0.187 0.255 0.291 11 3 NA 12.1 24.8 37 23.3 11.7 15 1 0.11 0.094 0.03 0.094 0.056 0.116 12 3 0.157 0.359 0.071 0.244 0.056 0.511 13 3 NA 2.02 1 1.04 NA 1.06 14 3 0.023 0.019 0.006 0.019 0.012 0.024 16 3 3.58 NA 2.64 3.43 2.81 NA 17 3 3308.1 1206 2464.6 1142.9 2116.3 1550 20 3 1.76 1.46 2.27 2.78 2.39 1.28 21 3 1.96 1.6 2.27 2.49 3.56 1.25 22 3 9.62 10.46 7.49 10.79 10.25 9.66 23 3 9.68 8.31 7.38 10.11 10.72 5.51 24 3 7.79 4.03 16.46 3.29 10.83 10.82 25 3 7.06 4.51 16.23 3.31 9.88 10.5 26 3 19.2 16.6 14.9 18.4 15.8 14 27 3 19 18.4 16 19.1 15.5 14.3 28 3 20.1 16.1 14.4 18.5 15.5 14.1 29 3 72.4 96.6 32.8 55.3 131.2 85.9 31 3 4.27 5.53 3.7 3.72 7 5.81 30 3 22.3 24.8 12.4 19.9 27.6 19.4 32 3 91.5 66.3 88 74.7 90 71 33 3 115 92 115 107 107 107 34 3 104.6 83.2 113 69 104.2 133.5 35 3 1.59 1.56 1.83 1.28 1.8 2.02 36 3 65.6 78.5 83,8 54.9 69.7 74.5 37 3 45.8 47 38.8 38.2 35.9 43.4 38 3 43.5 27 36 34.1 27.3 25.8 39 3 75.9 143.3 62.9 44.4 61.4 106.1 40 3 30.4 774.8 61.8 68.3 31.2 330.5 41 3 135.1 561.2 94.4 276.2 64.1 217.2 42 1 NA 1.44 NA NA NA 1.38 43 3 2.33 1.43 2.17 1.92 1.85 1.66 44 3 0.86 9.89 NA NA NA 8.1 45 3 9.45 5.72 7.26 8.6 6.53 3.6 46 3 25 40 NA NA NA 15.9 47 3 26.6 39.6 15.5 31.1 31.1 20.7 48 3 7.79 8.92 5.87 6.63 7.45 10.2 49 3 1288.2 2524.3 468.4 1128,6 1370.3 1724.9 50 3 10.08 9.42 6.42 6.77 7.81. 9.7 51 3 0.082 0.039 0.086 0.062 0.017 0.048 52 3 NA 2 NA NA NA 1 Table 159: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Seed ID) under drought conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 160 Measured parameters in additional Sorghum accessions under drought growth conditions Corr. Line ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 5 64.2 70.8 64.1 75.7 72.1 87.2 53 0.678 0.807 0.788 0.731 0.741 0.831 54 0.326 0.329 0.364 0.377 0.469 0.625 1 15.4 13.3 17.9 20.2 18.7 18 2 67.5 112.6 82.8 100.5 122.9 86.3 4 4.57 4.96 4.99 5.56 7.29 4.72 3 19.6 30.8 21 24 24.8 24.4 7 0.89 0.88 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.89 6 0.109 0.102 0.107 0.116 0.111 0.12 8 9979.9 17494.2 14526.2 15729 10949.1 13808.5 9 19.1 29.2 31.7 40.2 25.2 29.5 10 0.235 0.325 0.335 0.342 0.222 0.223 11 9.3 19.3 33.1 27.3 24.7 50.4 15 0.127 0.171 0.203 0.244 0.16 0.151 12 0.445 0.48 0.544 0.524 0.462 0.348 13 1.14 1 1.18 1.11 1.29 0.85 14 0.026 0.035 0.042 0.05 0.033 0.031 16 NA NA NA NA NA 3.94 17 1476.2 1773.1 1052.7 1408.5 417.2 1247.1 20 1.75 1.69 2.37 1.61 1.52 2.03 21 2.38 1.71 1.66 1.64 2.36 1.6 22 10.87 10.36 11.28 10.7 10.71 9.68 23 7.51 7.54 8.75 8.34 4.52 7.76 24 2.82 4.04 4.75 4.72 3.29 7.66 25 3.11 4.12 4.31 5.74 3.53 5.9 26 17.2 14.9 13.3 14.5 13.8 17.3 27 17.2 20 16 16.9 17 19.6 28 17 16.4 13.7 14.7 14 19.5 29 68.7 114.6 94.2 104.2 125.8 87.4 31 4.62 5.02 5.57 5.7 7.39 4.77 30 19.9 31.1 22.2 24.4 25.3 24.8 32 68.3 63 56 59.7 56 76.7 33 92 92 92 92 92 107 34 47.8 80.9 93.4 104.1 75.8 105.6 35 0.92 1.44 1.6 1.87 1.33 1.9 36 71.7 66.9 68.6 68.2 70.7 76.3 37 47.6 44.7 51.9 48.8 40 37.6 38 42.9 30.9 43.7 37.8 38.4 32.5 39 128.7 132.9 138.5 133.3 78.3 47.3 40 387.7 582.1 985.6 835 753.4 54.2 41 81.2 129.8 241.6 322.9 257 127.2 42 1.47 1.81 2.12 1.79 2.07 NA 43 1.55 1.65 1.62 1.63 1.71 1.76 44 10.69 10.12 10.49 10.01 10.56 NA 45 4.61 5.18 5.39 5.4 2.98 5.53 46 25.8 50.1 46.8 46.9 44.2 NA 47 24.1 48.6 48.8 48.7 38.2 26.1 48 8.88 8.6 8.59 8.73 8.13 7.85 49 1507.8 2865.3 2857.9 2956 1964.3 1288.5 50 9.07 7.92 8.17 8.54 7.67 7.36 51 0.038 0.033 0.033 0.044 0.061 0.076 52 1.25 1.69 1.12 1.75 1.38 NA Table 160: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Seed ID) under drought conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 161 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions across Sorghum accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGA17 0.80 3.15E−02 2 50 LGA17 0.83 2.04E−02 2 26 LGA17 0.76 6.15E−03 5 38 LGA17 0.73 6.40E−02 5 44 LGA17 0.72 1.31E−02 3 37 LGA17 0.79 6.22E−02 3 46 LGA17 0.78 4.36E−03 3 39 LGA17 0.85 8.60E−04 3 41 LGA17 0.79 3.48E−02 1 40 LGA17 0.81 2.62E−02 1 45 LGB14 0.77 4.32E−02 2 5 LGB14 0.81 2.65E−02 2 35 LGB14 0.74 5.69E−02 2 6 LGB14 0.72 6.97E−02 2 25 LGB14 0.71 7.36E−02 2 43 LGB14 0.88 8.41E−03 2 34 LGB14 0.79 3.52E−02 2 32 LGB14 0.77 4.13E−02 2 51 LGB14 0.98 6.13E−04 5 46 LGB14 0.71 1.50E−02 5 20 LGB14 0.71 2.08E−02 6 35 LGB14 0.73 1.72E−02 6 25 LGB14 0.85 1.63E−03 6 11 LGB14 0.74 1.36E−02 6 54 LGB14 0.72 1.82E−02 6 51 LGB14 0.84 1.81E−02 4 44 LGB14 0.80 5.65E−03 4 11 LGB14 0.70 1.54E−02 3 5 LGB14 0.77 5.67E−03 3 43 LGB14 0.74 8.66E−03 3 20 LGB14 0.81 2.82E−02 1 6 LGB14 0.78 3.72E−02 1 17 LGB14 0.90 6.28E−03 1 26 LGB14 0.87 1.01E−02 1 43 LGB14 0.70 7.99E−02 1 34 LGB15 0.73 6.03E−02 2 5 LGB15 0.75 5.39E−02 2 8 LGB15 0.71 7.15E−02 2 7 LGB15 0.77 4.43E−02 2 25 LGB15 0.93 2.75E−03 2 11 LGB15 0.86 1.21E−02 2 54 LGB15 0.75 5.16E−02 2 51 LGB15 0.72 1.19E−02 5 47 LGB15 0.79 6.36E−02 5 46 LGB15 0.72 1.80E−02 4 26 LGB15 0.91 4.40E−03 1 28 LGB15 0.93 2.02E−03 1 17 LGB15 0.90 5.54E−03 1 26 LGB15 0.79 3.28E−02 1 11 LGB15 0.74 5.76E−02 1 20 LGB16 0.85 1.59E−02 2 35 LGB16 0.72 6.54E−02 2 1 LGB16 0.72 7.05E−02 2 6 LGB16 0.71 7.63E−02 2 25 LGB16 0.72 6.53E−02 2 9 LGB16 0.87 1.05E−02 2 34 LGB16 0.77 5.10E−03 3 47 LGB16 0.75 7.65E−03 3 40 LGB16 0.73 1.05E−02 3 41 LGB16 0.79 3.67E−03 3 49 LGM11 0.90 5.63E−03 2 17 LGM11 0.75 5.42E−02 2 43 LGM11 0.72 1.22E−02 5 28 LGM11 0.75 8.72E−02 5 52 LGM11 0.87 2.41E−03 6 13 LGM11 0.81 4.18E−03 6 43 LGM11 0.75 1.31E−02 4 35 LGM11 0.71 2.11E−02 4 2 LGM11 0.83 3.07E−03 4 31 LGM11 0.76 1.12E−02 4 6 LGM11 0.78 7.69E−03 4 4 LGM11 0.71 2.12E−02 4 25 LGM11 0.76 1.01E−02 4 29 LGM11 0.81 4.27E−03 4 24 LGM11 0.81 2.54E−03 3 31 LGM11 0.80 3.26E−03 3 4 LGM11 0.71 7.36E−02 1 6 LGM11 0.72 6.66E−02 1 33 LGM11 0.78 4.05E−02 1 26 LGM11 0.89 6.84E−03 1 43 LGM11 0.73 6.51E−02 1 51 LGM12 0.84 1.91E−02 2 6 LGM12 0.72 6.70E−02 2 43 LGM12 0.75 5.28E−02 2 53 LGM12 0.84 1.38E−03 5 8 LGM12 0.89 7.18E−03 5 42 LGM12 0.72 1.26E−02 5 22 LGM12 0.81 2.72E−03 5 49 LGM12 0.83 1.49E−03 5 9 LGM12 0.76 6.27E−03 5 14 LGM12 0.86 1.39E−02 5 44 LGM12 0.76 6.27E−03 5 15 LGM12 0.78 6.80E−02 6 46 LGM12 0.72 6.99E−02 6 42 LGM12 0.78 6.75E−02 6 52 LGM12 0.71 7.21E−02 6 44 LGM12 0.85 2.05E−03 6 11 LGM12 0.74 1.50E−02 4 48 LGM12 0.98 5.29E−04 4 52 LGM12 0.75 1.26E−02 4 2 LGM12 0.72 1..85E−02 4 30 LGM12 0.70 2.41E−02 4 25 LGM12 0.73 1.56E−02 4 14 LGM12 0.74 1.50E−02 4 29 LGM12 0.70 2.32E−02 4 11 LGM12 0.77 8.85E−03 4 54 LGM12 0.73 1.56E−02 4 15 LGM12 0.84 1.19E−03 3 12 LGM12 0.78 4.76E−03 3 50 LGM12 0.79 3.75E−03 3 10 LGM12 0.84 1.20E−03 3 39 LGM12 0.70 1.61E−02 3 41 LGM12 0.82 2.34E−02 1 5 LGM12 0.85 1.62E−02 1 3 LGM12 0.80 3.03E−02 1 30 LGM12 0.75 5.13E−02 1 43 LGM12 0.84 1.81E−02 1 54 LGM12 0.83 2.05E−02 1 32 LGM12 0.87 1.01E−02 1 51 LGM15 0.70 1.62E−02 5 25 LGM15 0.84 1.30E−03 5 11 LGM15 0.71 2.13E−02 4 48 LGM15 0.87 5.09E−04 3 11 LGM17 0.75 7.57E−03 5 48 LGM17 0.81 2.25E−03 3 40 LGM17 0.71 7.60E−02 1 1 LGM17 0.71 7.43E−02 1 45 LGM2 0.75 7.39E−03 5 47 LGM2 0.73 9.93E−02 5 46 LGM2 0.74 5.76E−02 1 50 LGM23 0.92 3.56E−03 2 43 LGM23 0.73 1.02E−01 5 52 LGM23 0.74 8.69E−03 3 40 LGM23 0.77 5.13E−03 5 41 LGM23 0.83 3.99E−02 4 52 LGM23 0.83 3.07E−03 4 6 LGM23 0.72 1.94E−02 4 32 LGM23 0.82 2.09E−03 3 1 LGM23 0.77 5.88E−03 3 6 LGM23 0.74 5.71E−02 1 6 LGM23 0.78 4.03E−02 1 26 LGM23 0.85 1.57E−02 1 43 Table 161. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 156. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 154. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value

TABLE 162 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under drought conditions across Sorghum accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGA17 0.71 4.94E−02 1 27 LGA17 0.78 4.32E−03 3 15 LGA17 0.76 6.63E−03 3 37 LGA17 0.78 4.34E−03 3 47 LGA17 0.75 5.20E−02 3 46 LGA17 0.84 1.25E−03 3 40 LGA17 0.78 4.58E−03 3 49 LGA17 0.78 5.05E−03 3 39 LGA17 0.78 4.32E−03 3 14 LGA17 0.98 7.24E−04 3 42 LGA17 0.81 1.48E−02 2 50 LGB14 0.81 7.87E−03 6 12 LGB14 0.81 8.35E−03 6 10 LGB14 0.72 2.98E−02 6 22 LGB14 0.73 2.50E−02 6 31 LGB14 0.72 2.76E−02 6 49 LGB14 0.81 7.91E−03 6 39 LGB14 0.79 3.57E−02 6 44 LGB14 0.76 8.22E−02 4 52 LGB14 0.80 2.94E−03 4 36 LGB14 0.79 3.75E−03 3 12 LGB14 0.76 6.76E−03 3 37 LGB14 0.91 9.94E−05 3 40 LGB14 0.70 1.61E−02 3 48 LGB14 0.85 8.53E−04 3 49 LGB14 0.92 5.47E−05 3 39 LGB14 0.93 2.47E−03 3 44 LGB14 0.71 4.87E−02 2 32 LGB14 0.71 4.95E−02 2 17 LGB15 0.74 3.45E−02 1 47 LGB15 0.80 3.12E−02 1 46 LGB15 0.70 5.21E−02 1 43 LGB15 0.78 2.14E−02 1 45 LGB15 0.79 1.89E−02 1 51 LGB15 0.81 5.14E−02 1 42 LGB15 0.75 2.11E−02 6 17 LGB15 0.71 3.05E−02 6 45 LGB15 0.70 1.63E−02 4 45 LGB15 0.73 1.03E−02 4 33 LGB15 0.81 2.28E−03 4 20 LGB15 0.83 4.29E−02 4 42 LGB15 0.78 3.81E−02 3 46 LGB15 0.92 8.83E−03 3 52 LGB15 0.72 1.21E−02 3 21 LGB15 0.72 4.47E−02 2 6 LGB15 0.71 4.96E−02 2 32 LGB15 0.78 2.19E−02 2 17 LGB15 0.94 5.86E−03 2 13 LGB15 0.72 4.48E−02 2 48 LGB15 0.78 2.35E−02 2 1 LGB15 0.78 2.30E−02 2 23 LGB15 0.81 1.48E−02 2 21 LGB16 0.73 3.88E−02 1 35 LGB16 0.83 5.99E−03 6 6 LGB16 0.82 6.72E−03 6 1 LGB16 0.85 9.22E−04 4 37 LGB16 0.70 7.89E−02 4 46 LGB16 0.70 1.59E−02 4 38 LGB16 0.72 1.26E−02 4 39 LGB16 0.89 1.85E−02 4 42 LGB16 0.71 1.39E−02 3 34 LGB16 0.76 2.95E−02 2 15 LGB16 0.81 1.51E−02 2 41 LGB16 0.83 1.07E−02 2 9 LGB16 0.76 2.95E−02 2 14 LGM11 0.77 1.52E−02 6 36 LGM11 0.81 2.36E−03 5 40 LGM11 0.71 1.42E−02 5 39 LGM11 0.79 6.31E−02 4 42 LGM11 0.78 5.08E−03 3 12 LGM11 0.77 5.83E−03 3 37 LGM11 0.79 3.71E−03 3 40 LGM11 0.79 3.84E−03 3 48 LGM11. 0.85 8.41E−04 3 39 LGM11 0.74 5.47E−02 3 44 LGM11 0.74 9.42E−02 2 13 LGM12 0.77 2.62E−02 1 32 LGM12 0.88 3.55E−03 1 17 LGM12 0.90 2.36E−03 1 43 LGM12 0.72 4.42E−02 1 45 LGM12 0.82 1.23E−02 1 33 LGM12 0.70 5.25E−02 1 5 LGM12 0.80 1.69E−02 1 51 LGM12 0.78 1.30E−02 6 12 LGM12 0.70 3.43E−02 6 2 LGM12 0.83 5.81E−03 6 22 LGM12 0.80 1.00E−02 6 31 LGM12 0.84 4.75E−03 6 48 LGM12 0.81 8.22E−03 6 54 LGM12 0.70 3.43E−02 6 49 LGM12 0.89 1.25E−03 6 4 LGM12 0.72 3.03E−02 6 39 LGM12 0.72 2.98E−02 6 29 LGM12 0.70 1.62E−02 5 22 LGM12 0.75 7.27E−03 5 54 LGM12 0.74 9.72E−03 4 6 LGM12 0.79 3.54E−03 4 3 LGM12 0.83 1.41E−03 4 47 LGM12 0.83 2.12E−02 4 46 LGM12 0.77 5.43E−03 4 49 LGM12 0.80 2.89E−03 4 30 LGM12 0.70 1.54E−02 4 8 LGM12 0.73 1.11E−02 3 7 LGM12 0.77 5.89E−03 3 12 LGM12 0.73 1.07E−02 3 15 LGM12 0.78 4.70E−03 3 28 LGM12 0.73 1.07E−02 3 14 LGM12 0.71 1.42E−02 3 8 LGM12 0.71 1.45E−02 3 26 LGM12 0.73 1.10E−02 3 53 LGM12 0.85 7.17E−03 2 6 LGM12 0.81 1.49E−02 2 31 LGM12 0.72 4.36E−02 2 1 LGM12 0.84 8.99E−03 2 4 LGM12 0.77 2.45E−02 2 21 LGM15 0.77 8.74E−03 5 11 LGM15 0.76 6.59E−03 4 48 LGM15 0.72 1.30E−02 3 54 LGM15 0.81 1.54E−02 2 31 LGM15 0.79 2.04E−02 2 4 LGM15 0.71 4.87E−02 2 21 LGM17 0.78 3.69E−02 1 11 LGM17 0.79 6.22E−02 1 42 LGM17 0.74 2.31E−02 6 8 LGM17 0.86 2.84E−03 6 53 LGM17 0.84 1.80E−02 6 44 LGM17 0.72 1.05E−01 5 42 LGM17 0.85 1.02E−03 3 21 LGM12 0.82 1.26E−02 1 17 LGM2 0.88 3.76E−03 1 43 LGM2 0.76 2.99E−02 1 45 LGM2 0.82 1.22E−02 1 33 LGM2 0.76 2.75E−02 1 5 LGM2 0.87 4.73E−03 1 51 LGM2 0.79 5.92E−02 6 52 LGM2 0.82 2.14E−03 5 54 LGM2 0.77 2.59E−02 2 17 LGM2 0.84 9.64E−03 2 43 LGM2 0.72 4.41E−02 2 45 LGM23 0.72 2.95E−02 6 41 LGM23 0.83 1.08E−02 6 13 LGM23 0.83 6.12E−03 6 50 LGM23 0.75 3.14E−02 2 6 LGM23 0.72 4.25E−02 2 1 Table 162. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 156. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 155. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

Example 17 Production of Sorghum Transcriptome and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield, Drought and Lown Related Parameters Measured in Fields Using 65K Sorghum Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays

In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a Sorghum oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem(dot)agilent(dot)com/Scripts/PDS(dot)asp?lPage=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 65,000 Sorghum genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with ABST, drought, low N and yield components or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 36 different Sorghum inbreds and hybrids were analyzed under normal (regular) conditions, 35 Sorghum lines were analyzed under drought conditions and 34 Sorghum lines were analyzed under low N (nitrogen) conditions. All the lines were sent for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot)com/hyperstat/A34739(dot)html].

Experimental Procedures

36 Sorghum varieties were grown in 5 repetitive plots, in field. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows:

1. Regular growth conditions: Sorghum plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols (normal growth conditions), which include 549 m³ water per dunam (1000 square meters) per entire growth period and fertilization of 16 units of URAN® 21% (Nitrogen Fertilizer Solution; PCS Sales, Northbrook, Ill., USA).

2. Drought conditions: Sorghum seeds were sown in soil and grown under normal condition until vegetative stage (49 days from sowing), and then drought treatment was imposed by irrigating plants with approximately 60% of the water applied for the normal treatment [315 m³ water per dunam (1000 square meters) per entire growth period].

3. Low Nitrogen fertilization conditions: Sorghum plants were sown in soil and irrigated with water as in the normal conditions [549 m³ water per dunam (1000 square meters) per entire growth period], yet no fertilization of nitrogen was applied, whereas other elements were fertilized as in the normal conditions (Magnesium—405 gr. per dunam for three weeks).

Analyzed Sorghum tissues—All 36 Sorghum inbreds and hybrids were sample per each of the treatments. Tissues [Flag leaf and root] representing different plant characteristics, were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 163-164 below.

TABLE 163 Sorghum transcriptome expression sets in field experiment under normal conditions Expression Set Set ID Flag leaf at Grain filling stage, under Normal growth conditions 1 Peduncle at Grain filling stage, under normal growth conditions 2 Root at Seedling stage, under normal growth conditions 3 Table 163: Provided are the sorghum transcriptome expression sets. Flag leaf = the leaf below the flower.

TABLE 164 Sorghum transcriptome expression sets in field experiment under low N conditions Expression Set Set ID Flag leaf at Grain filling stage under low N gowth conditions 1 Table 164: Provided are the sorghum transcriptome expression sets. Flag leaf = the leaf below the flower.

Sorghum yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—Plants were phenotyped as shown in Table 165 below. Some of the following parameters were collected using digital imaging system:

Grains yield per dunam (kg)—At the end of the growing period all heads were collected (harvest). Heads were separately threshed and grains were weighted (grain yield). Grains yield per dunam was calculated by multiplying grain yield per m² by 1000 (dunam is 1000 m²).

Grains yield per plant (plot) (gr.)—At the end of the growing period all heads were collected (harvest). Heads were separately threshed and grains were weighted (grain yield). The average grain weight per plant was calculated by dividing the grain yield by the number of plants per plot.

Grains yield per head (gr.)—At the end of the growing period all heads were collected (harvest). Heads were separately threshed and grains were weighted (grain yield. Grains yield per head was calculated by dividing the grain yield by the number of heads.

Main head grains yield per plant (gr.)—At the end of the growing period all plants were collected (harvest). Main heads were threshed and grains were weighted. Main head grains yield per plant was calculated by dividing the grain yield of the main heads by the number of plants.

Secondary heads grains yield per plant (gr.)—At the end of the growing period all plants were collected (harvest). Secondary heads were threshed and grains were weighted. Secondary heads grain yield per plant was calculated by dividing the grain yield of the secondary heads by the number of plants.

Heads dry weight per dunam (kg)—At the end of the growing period heads of all plants were collected (harvest). Heads were weighted after oven dry (dry weight). Heads dry weight per dunam was calculated by multiplying grain yield per m² by 1000 (dunam is 1000 m²).

Average heads weight per plant at flowering (gr.)—At flowering stage heads of 4 plants per plot were collected. Heads were weighted after oven dry (dry weight), and divided by the number of plants.

Leaf carbon isotope discrimination at harvest (%)—isotopic ratio of ¹³C to ¹²C in plant tissue was compared to the isotopic ratio of ¹³C to ¹²C in the atmosphere

Yield per dunam/water until maturity (kg/lit)—was calculated according to Formula XXXXII (above).

Vegetative dry weight per plant/water until maturity (gr/lit)—was calculated according to Formula XXXXIII above.

Total dry matter per plant at harvest/water until maturity (gr/lit)—was calculated according to Formula XXXXIV above.

Yield/SPAD at grain filling (kg/SPAD units) was calculated according to Formula XXXXVII above.

Grains number per dunam (num)—Grains yield per dunam divided by the average 1000 grain weight.

Grains per plant (num)—Grains yield per plant divided by the average 1000 grain weight.

Main head grains num per plant (num)—main head grain yield divided by the number of plants.

1000 grain weight (gr.)—was calculated according to Formula XIV above.

Grain area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the head (harvest). A sample of ˜200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.

Grain fill duration (num)—Duration of grain filling period was calculated by subtracting the number of days to flowering from the number of days to maturity.

Grain fill duration (GDD)—Duration of grain filling period according to the growing degree units (GDD) method. The accumulated GDD during the grain filling period was calculated by subtracting the Num days to Anthesis (GDD) from Num days to Maturity (GDD).

Yield per dunam filling rate (kg/day)—was calculated according to Formula XXXIX (using grain yield per dunam).

Yield per plant filling rate (gr/day)—was calculated according to Formula XXXIX (using grain yield per plant).

Head area (cm²)—At the end of the growing period (harvest) 6 plants main heads were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The head area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of plants.

Number days to flag leaf senescence (num)—the number of days from sowing till 50% of the plot arrives to Flag leaf senescence (above half of the leaves are yellow).

Number days to flag leaf senescence (GDD)—Number days to flag leaf senescence according to the growing degree units method. The accumulated GDD from sowing until flag leaf senescence.

% yellow leaves number at flowering (percentage)—At flowering stage, leaves of 4 plants per plot were collected. Yellow and green leaves were separately counted. Percent of yellow leaves at flowering was calculated for each plant by dividing yellow leaves number per plant by the overall number of leaves per plant and multiplying by 100.

% yellow leaves number at harvest (percentage)—At the end of the growing period (harvest) yellow and green leaves from 6 plants per plot were separately counted. Percent of the yellow leaves was calculated per each plant by dividing yellow leaves number per plant by the overall number of leaves per plant and multiplying by 100.

Leaf temperature at flowering (° Celsius)—Leaf temperature was measured at flowering stage using Fluke IR thermometer 568 device. Measurements were done on 4 plants per plot on an open flag leaf.

Specific leaf area at flowering (cm²/gr)—was calculated according to Formula XXXVII above.

Flag leaf thickness at flowering (mm)—At the flowering stage, flag leaf thickness was measured for 4 plants per plot. Micrometer was used to measure the thickness of a flag leaf at an intermediate position between the border and the midrib.

Relative water content at flowering (percentage)—was calculated based on Formula I above.

Leaf water content at flowering (percentage)—was calculated based on Formula XXXXIX above.

Stem water content at flowering (percentage)—was calculated based on Formula XXXXVIII above.

Total heads per dunam at harvest (number)—At the end of the growing period the total number of heads per plot was counted (harvest). Total heads per dunam was calculated by multiplying heads number per m² by 1000 (dunam is 1000 m²).

Heads per plant (num)—At the end of the growing period total number of heads were counted and divided by the total number plants.

Tillering per plant (num)—Tillers of 6 plants per plot were counted at harvest stage and divided by the number of plants.

Harvest index (plot) (ratio)—The harvest index was calculated using Formula LVIII above.

Heads index (ratio)—Heads index was calculated using Formula XXXXVI above.

Total dry matter per plant at flowering (gr)—Total dry matter per plant was calculated at flowering. The vegetative portion above ground and all the heads dry weight of 4 plants per plot were summed and divided by the number of plants.

Total dry matter per plant (kg)—Total dry matter per plant at harvest was calculated by summing the average head dry weight and the average vegetative dry weight of 6 plants per plot.

Vegetative dry weight per plant at flowering (gr)—At the flowering stage, vegetative material (excluding roots) of 4 plants per plot were collected and weighted after (dry weight) oven dry. The biomass per plant was calculated by dividing total biomass by the number of plants.

Vegetative dry weight per plant (kg)—At the harvest stage, all vegetative material (excluding roots) were collected and weighted after (dry weight) oven dry. Vegetative dry weight per plant was calculated by dividing the total biomass by the number of plants.

Plant height growth (cm/day)—The relative growth rate (RGR) of plant height was calculated based on Formula III above.

% Canopy coverage at flowering (percentage)—The % Canopy coverage at flowering was calculated based on Formula XXXII above.

PAR LAI (Photosynthetic active radiance—Leaf area index)—Leaf area index values were determined using an AccuPAR Ceptometer Model LP-80 and measurements were performed at flowering stage with three measurements per plot.

Leaves area at flowering (cm²)—Green leaves area of 4 plants per plot was measured at flowering stage. Measurement was performed using a Leaf area-meter.

SPAD at vegetative stage (SPAD unit)—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at vegetative stage. SPAD meter readings were done on fully developed leaves of 4 plants per plot by performing three measurements per leaf per plant.

SPAD at flowering (SPAD unit)—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at flowering stage. SPAD meter readings were done on fully developed leaves of 4 plants per plot by performing three measurements per leaf per plant.

SPAD at grain filling (SPAD unit)—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at grain filling stage. SPAD meter readings were done on fully developed leaves of 4 plants per plot by performing three measurements per leaf per plant.

RUE (Radiation use efficiency)—(gr/% canopy coverage)—Total dry matter produced per intercepted PAR at flowering stage was calculated by dividing the average total dry matter per plant at flowering by the percent of canopy coverage.

Lower stem width at flowering (mm)—Lower stem width was measured at the flowering stage. Lower internodes from 4 plants per plot were separated from the plant and their diameter was measured using a caliber.

Upper stem width at flowering (mm)—Upper stem width was measured at flowering stage. Upper internodes from 4 plants per plot were separated from the plant and their diameter was measured using a caliber.

All stem volume at flowering (cm³)—was calculated based on Formula L above.

Number days to heading (num)—Number of days to heading was calculated as the number of days from sowing till 50% of the plot arrive heading.

Number days to heading (GDD)—Number days to heading according to the growing degree units method. The accumulated GDD from sowing until heading stage.

Number days to anthesis (num)—Number of days to flowering was calculated as the number of days from sowing till 50% of the plot arrive anthesis.

Number days to anthesis (GDD)—Number days to anthesis according to the growing degree units method. The accumulated GDD from sowing until anthesis stage.

Number days to maturity (GDD)—Number days to maturity according to the growing degree units method. The accumulated GDD from sowing until maturity stage.

N (Nitrogen) use efficiency (kg/kg)—was calculated based on Formula LI above.

Total NUtE—was calculated based on Formula LIII above.

Grain NUtE—was calculated based on Formula LV above.

NUpE (kg/kg)—was calculated based on Formula LII above.

N (Nitrogen) harvest index (Ratio)—was calculated based on Formula LVI above.

% N (Nitrogen) in shoot at flowering—% N content of dry matter in the shoot at flowering.

% N (Nitrogen) in head at flowering—% N content of dry matter in the head at flowering.

% N in (Nitrogen) shoot at harvest—% N content of dry matter in the shoot at harvest.

% N (Nitrogen) in grain at harvest—% N content of dry matter in the grain at harvest.

Data parameters collected are summarized in Table 165 herein below.

TABLE 165 Sorghum correlated parameters under normal and low N conditions (vectors) Correlated parameter with Correlation ID 1000 grain weight [gr.]  1 All stem volume (F) [cm³]  2 Average heads weight per plant [F][gr.]  3 % Canopy coverage (F) [%]  4 Flag leaf thickness (F) [mm]  5 Grain area [cm²]  6 Grain fill duration [GDD]  7 Grain fill duration [number]  8 Grain NUtE [Float value]  9 Grains number per dunam [number] 10 Grains per plant [number] 11 Grains yield per dunam [kg] 12 Grains yield per head [gr.] 13 Grains yield per plant (plot) [gr.] 14 Harvest index (plot) [ratio] 15 Head area [cm²] 16 Heads dry weight per dunam [kg] 17 Heads index [ratio] 18 Heads per plant [number] 19 Leaf carbon isotope discrimination (H) [%] 20 Leaf temperature at flowering [CA°] 21 Leaf water content at flowering [%] 22 Leaves area (F) [cm²] 23 Lower stem width (F) [mm] 24 Main head grains num per plant [num] 25 Main head grains yield per plant [gr.] 26 N Harvest index [Ratio] 27 % N in (Nitrogen) shoot (F) [%] 28 % N (Nitrogen) in grain (H) [%] 29 % N (Nitrogen) in head (F) [%] 30 % N Nitrogen in shoot (F) [%] 31 NUE [kg/kg] 32 Number days to anthesis [GDD 33 Number days to anthesis [number] 34 Number days to flag leaf senescence [GDD] 35 Number days to flag leaf senescence [number] 36 Number days to heading [GDD] 37 Number days to maturity [GDD] 38 NUpE [kg/kg] 39 PAR LAI 40 Plant height growth [cm/day] 41 Relative water content (F) [%], Normal 42 RUE (Radiation use efficiency)-(gr/% canopy coverage) 43 Secondary heads grains yield per plant [gr.] 44 SPAD at vegetative stage [SPAD unit] 45 SPAD (F) [SPAD unit] 46 SPAD (GF) [SPAD unit] 47 Specific leaf area (F) [cm²/gr.] 48 Stem water content (F) [%] 49 Tillering per plant [num] 50 Total dry matter per plant at harvest/ 51 water until maturity [gr./lit] Total dry matter per plant (F) (gr.) 52 Total dry matter per plant [kg] 53 Total heads per dunam (H) [number] 54 Total NUtE [Float value] 55 Upper stem width (F) [mm] 56 Vegetative DW per plant (F) [gr.] 57 Vegetative DW per plant [kg] 58 Vegetative DW per plant/water until maturity [gr./lit] 59 % yellow leaves number (F) [%] 60 % yellow leaves number (H) [%] 61 Yield per dunam filling rate [kg/day] 62 Yield per dunam/water until maturity [kg/lit] 63 Yield per plant filling rate [gr./day] 64 Yield/SPAD (GF) [kg/SPAD units] 65 Table 165. Provided are the Sorghum correlated parameters (vectors). “kg” = kilograms; “gr.” = grams; “RP” = Rest of plot; “SP” = Selected plants; “lit” = liter; “ml”-milliliter; “cm” = centimeter; “num” = number; “GDD”-Growing degree day; “SPAD” = chlorophyll levels; “FW” = Plant Fresh weight; “DW” = Plant Dry weight; “GF” = grain filling growth stage; “F” = flowering stage; “H” = harvest stage; “N”-Nitrogen; “NupE”-Nitrogen uptake efficiency; “VDW” = vegetative dry weight; “TDM” = Total dry matter. “RUE” = radiation use efficiency; “RWC” relative water content; “veg” = vegetative stage.

Experimental Results

Thirty-six different Sorghum inbreds and hybrids lines were grown and characterized for different parameters (Table 165). The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software (Tables 166-175) and a subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Tables 176-177). Results were then integrated to the database.

TABLE 166 Measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under normal conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 4 87.3 90.1 75.7 75.6 76.1 69.9 84.4 60 0.144 0.244 0.08 0.134 0.274 0.132 0.101 61 0.265 0.157 0.323 0.389 0.323 0.095 0.139 29 1.91 NA 1.621 2.086 NA 1.594 NA 30 2.315 NA 2.722 1.844 NA 1.97 NA 31 1.729 NA 1.414 1.303 NA 1.602 NA 28 1.08 NA 0.559 0.722 NA 1.112 NA 1 29.8 32 33.8 31.3 30 24.1 18.4 2 23261.2 19941.6 14878.4 31092.4 39294.6 13029.4 33015.4 3 17 17.7 9.7 10.2 37.7 11.1 11.3 5 0.179 0.144 0.144 0.164 0.127 0.186 0.138 9 18.51 NA 35.87 31.06 NA 30.94 NA 6 0.119 0.133 0.13 0.136 0.13 0.105 0.092 7 459.6 407.9 396.8 423.6 358.8 414.6 305.6 8 35 32.4 31 32.4 27.6 32.8 23.4 10 27117640 27702000 25021020 29202780 21264980 25132460 20308520 11 2766.2 3370.4 3162.2 4531.2 3464.5 3570.4 2267.5 12 818.9 893.2 861.8 912.8 661.8 612.2 421 13 30.3 32.8 25.4 21.4 37.3 33.2 17 14 77.2 103.5 100.8 130.3 100.3 72.4 43.5 15 0.225 0.271 0.281 0.335 0.271 0.306 0.126 16 134.4 96.7 112.8 101.7 106.1 84.1 105.6 17 1.046 1.062 0.956 1.01 0.797 0.768 0.747 18 0.345 0.399 0.393 0.453 0.384 0.536 0.344 19 1.12 1.31 1.71 2.28 1.14 1.15 1.29 20 −12.8578 −13.2 −13.1156 −12.8344 −13.16 −13.0467 −13.16 22 66 NA 74.1 71.8 63.3 77.5 70 23 16514.4 12058.4 12787 9932.2 11459.3 9116.4 9023.2 24 20 15.5 14.2 18.4 16 16.4 15.4 25 1322.3 1669.9 1615.1 1624.3 1784.3 1480.9 1008.7 26 38.2 53.8 55.6 51 53.4 36 19.8 27 0.354 NA 0.582 0.648 NA 0.493 NA 32 45.5 49.6 47.9 50.7 36.8 34 23.4 39 1.913 NA 1.325 1.56 NA 1.101 NA 33 777.5 709.7 740.6 768.4 773 725.7 831.9 34 89.2 83 85.8 88.4 88.8 84.2 93.4 35 1469.5 1165.8 1254.9 1441.2 1142.7 NA 1272 36 141 119 125.5 139 117.2 NA 126.8 37 739.4 625.3 709 721.1 763.8 629.6 769.5 38 1237.2 1117.6 1137.4 1191.9 1131.7 1137.4 1137.4 40 5.34 5.58 4.42 3.76 3.62 4.01 4.92 41 1.24 2.55 2.04 2.01 2.76 1.12 2.18 43 2.27 1.34 1.03 1.11 2.1 1.07 1.96 42 90.8 91.7 91.2 88.7 88.3 84.5 87.2 46 56.9 52.5 49.2 55.1 48.2 53.3 48.9 47 56.3 56.3 53.3 59.1 52 54.2 47 45 48.5 42.4 43.1 42.1 39.3 46 33.3 44 2.45 7 2.2 30.99 5.72 2.84 2.33 48 137.5 148.3 164.8 175.8 162.4 150.5 110.2 49 53.8 77.8 79.8 78.5 67.2 78 71.9 50 1.23 3.28 4.13 3.17 1.1 2.33 3.07 55 91.3 NA 123.2 89 NA 93.7 NA 52 198.5 120.9 77.8 83.1 159.6 70.7 143.3 53 0.193 0.218 0.198 0.235 0.217 0.137 0.172 51 0.0379 0.0469 0.0425 0.0478 0.0465 0.0297 0.0369 54 25950 25250 31350 37950 15917.6 16250 23200 56 11.28 9.93 8.12 10.66 9.86 9.02 8.27 57 181.5 103.2 68 73 121.9 59.5 132 59 0.025 0.0283 0.0259 0.0263 0.0287 0.0129 0.024 58 0.097 0.103 0.106 0.088 0.101 0.08 0.126 62 23.4 27.6 27.8 28.2 23.9 20 17.9 63 1.62 1.92 1.85 1.85 1.42 1.26 0.9 64 1.11 1.88 1.86 2.54 2.1 1.13 0.93 65 24 33.7 34 48.1 38 28.4 23.7 Table 166: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (“L” = Line) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 167 Measured parameters in additional Sorghum accessions under normal conditions Line Corr. ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 4 NA 89.5 95.1 92.8 67.3 80.4 72.2 60 0 0.061 0.145 0.13 0.183 0.096 0.121 61 0.166 0.578 0.55 0.321 0.231 0.04 0.129 29 NA 1.796 NA NA NA NA NA 30 NA 1.369 NA NA NA NA NA 31 NA 1.795 NA NA NA NA NA 28 NA 1.151 NA NA NA NA NA 1 22.6 23.2 17.3 27 24.7 22.6 16.8 2 9480.2 21372.2 57928.1 42021.2 15340.9 10035.2 20685.1 3 6.8 12 22.4 35.7 8.8 10.3 24 5 NA 0.179 0.15 0.206 0.178 0.197 0.173 9 NA 26.69 NA NA NA NA NA 6 0.119 0.098 0.086 0.116 0.105 0.103 0.083 7 433.9 425.1 285.1 479.2 478.1 528.2 401.2 8 37 32.4 20.8 35.2 37.4 41 29.3 10 6938386 26620980 23566280 16059440 10047874 24969700 15586667 11 883.9 3870.3 3226.6 3209.9 1567.8 2899.6 3451.8 12 154.3 663.3 457 473.8 257 664.8 297.9 13 8.6 27.9 30.8 39.5 9.2 29 15.1 14 18.7 89.4 57.3 86.9 37.1 67.9 62.4 15 0.172 0.295 0.062 0.177 0.168 0.291 0.15 16 226.2 156.4 120.4 210.5 121.3 74.8 244.5 17 0.241 0.85 0.588 0.613 0.495 0.846 0.336 18 0.414 0.485 0.127 0.31 0.476 0.443 0.322 19 1.04 1.4 0.95 1 1.32 1.26 1.43 20 −13.4733 −12.825 −12.99 −13.3789 −12.5867 −13.14 NA 22 70.2 73.2 71.1 69.7 80.1 75.6 70.6 23 3520.4 12434.2 18050.2 16771.2 7915.8 8866.2 18167.7 24 9.3 20.5 21.9 22.6 17.9 13.7 24.7 25 450.1 1979.2 1582.7 1734.6 932.8 1362.5 2390.5 26 10 46.6 28.5 46.9 22.2 31.1 43.4 27 NA 0.479 NA NA NA NA NA 32 8.6 36.9 25.4 26.3 14.3 36.9 16.6 39 NA 1.527 NA NA NA NA NA 33 650.1 790.9 1167.9 1008.4 719 721.1 1091.8 34 77.8 90.2 119 107 83.8 84 113.3 35 1078.8 1581.4 1588.7 1630.5 1580.2 1198.4 1628.1 36 112.6 148.8 149.2 152.2 148.7 121.3 152 37 630.5 756.1 NA 945.2 621.2 663.5 945.2 38 1084 1216 1453 1487.5 1197.2 1122.6 1493 40 NA 6.04 7.09 3.9 2.94 4.6 2.36 41 2.84 0.82 1.49 1.2 1.11 1.2 0.62 43 NA 1.21 3.13 2.5 1.09 0.85 3.22 42 91.5 84 85.9 89 85.5 88 89.7 46 NA 57.6 53.6 59.8 50.9 54.5 58.9 47 60.1 59.9 50.5 58.6 51.9 52.7 57.1 45 48.9 45.6 39.6 43.7 45.2 42.7 37 44 0.11 4.37 0.21 NA 2.75 1.47 0.7 48 191.1 123.3 143.9 118.6 171.9 154.9 121.1 49 83.4 72.3 74.5 63.2 76.2 75.9 56 50 1.43 2.93 1.7 2.23 3.27 2.13 1.94 55 NA 88.5 NA NA NA NA NA 52 26 108.5 292.9 232.7 72.5 68.4 233.2 53 0.06 0.17 0.415 0.248 0.132 0.107 0.252 51 0.0135 0.0333 0.0736 0.0441 0.0284 0.0221 0.0447 54 17500 22300 14750 11450 24700 21250 18694.4 56 7.78 9.95 7.34 11.88 9.94 9.19 9.46 57 19.2 96.5 278.5 197.1 63.7 58.1 209.2 59 0.008 0.0174 0.0644 0.0308 0.0154 0.0125 0.0305 58 0.033 0.074 0.474 0.178 0.058 0.078 0.126 62 4 20.5 21.9 13.2 6.9 19.8 10.8 63 0.32 1.31 0.81 0.84 0.51 1.39 0.53 64 0.28 1.58 1.39 1.36 0.67 0.86 1.51 65 7.5 36 33 29.8 20.2 26.2 42.1 Table 167: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (“L” = Line) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 168 Measured parameters in additional Sorghum accessions under normal conditions Line Corr. ID Line-15 Line-16 Line-17 Line-18 Line-19 Line-20 Line-21 4 72.7 66.3 90.9 68.5 93 62.2 85.5 60 0.188 0.229 0.246 0.036 0.173 0.015 0.147 61 0.142 0.213 0.272 0.241 0.302 0.141 0.042 29 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 30 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 31 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 28 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 28.2 21.8 16.9 37 18.2 28.8 17.4 2 12649.4 15432.6 14500.7 26609.8 17621.5 13556.3 12018.1 3 9.6 14.1 7.7 24.7 24.1 13.5 16.6 5 0.169 0.195 0.144 0.209 0.162 0.204 0.189 9 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 6 0.122 0.115 0.082 0.146 0.093 0.121 0.089 7 364 331.6 341.9 390.9 395.4 385.1 303.8 8 29 25.2 26.2 29.8 29.8 29.8 23.2 10 23737260 25534520 19319316 12802788 14629600 16643442 31788060 11 3187.1 3304.8 2184.2 2187.1 1951.8 2731.1 3818.6 12 731.8 609.8 378.1 470.8 291.5 496.6 611 13 33 29.5 14.9 22.2 8.1 29.6 30.1 14 88 72.9 39.1 76 37 75.9 67.5 15 0.324 0.322 0.187 0.179 0.11 0.351 0.264 16 82 106.1 129.3 86.3 83.3 114 90 17 0.86 0.762 0.646 0.602 0.619 0.523 0.717 18 0.472 0.519 0.302 0.326 0.278 0.508 0.35 19 1.09 1 1.24 1.53 2.06 1.03 1.12 20 −12.9933 −12.7333 −13.1533 −13.2933 −13.0033 −13.1933 −12.82 22 75.3 63.1 71.9 76.1 66.5 78.5 76.4 23 16019.6 20833 13190.4 16299.5 12096.8 11573.2 11655.8 24 16.1 20.9 16.9 22.3 16.3 19.2 19.1 25 1554.3 1950.9 993.2 848.9 686.6 1329 1808.6 26 43.2 43.2 18 31.8 13 37.8 32.5 27 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 32 40.7 33.9 21 26.2 16.2 27.6 33.9 39 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 33 728.4 892.5 795.5 843.1 940.9 769.5 845 34 84.6 98 90.6 94.2 101.8 88.2 94.4 35 1242.8 NA NA 1628.1 1548.8 NA 1412 36 124.6 NA NA 152 146.5 NA 137 37 697.4 853.2 728.4 755.8 892.4 655.2 763.8 38 1092.4 1224 1137.4 1234 1336.3 1154.5 1148.8 40 3.76 3.53 6.38 3.87 3.98 3.05 4.78 41 1.41 0.86 0.9 1.22 1.52 0.73 0.67 43 1.06 2.42 0.89 3.96 1.63 1.32 2.27 42 91.9 91.4 83.6 90.9 87.9 90.2 89.5 46 52.6 49.1 53.9 61.5 51.4 51.6 47.9 47 54.3 49.8 54.8 61.8 54.2 55.6 51.6 45 45.1 43 40.2 42.4 31.7 49.6 41.8 44 0.95 0.25 5.63 10.96 5.36 5.89 1.7 48 179.1 183 159.2 157.5 111.3 163.5 142.6 49 82.2 54.7 76.7 48.3 62.8 81 29.1 50 1.8 1.37 1.89 4.5 5.12 2.7 1.1 55 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 52 74.4 153.1 81.3 258.1 151.9 76.8 187 53 0.13 0.126 0.126 0.226 0.158 0.132 0.132 51 0.028 0.0249 0.027 0.0452 0.0283 0.0284 0.0284 54 19607.1 18300 23150 22687.5 43348.2 14873.5 18625.7 56 8 11.43 7.69 12.31 6.85 10.76 7.71 57 64.8 139 73.6 233.4 127.8 63.3 170.4 59 0.0149 0.012 0.0191 0.0306 0.018 0.0135 0.0186 58 0.078 0.058 0.052 0.144 0.131 0.055 0.08 62 25.2 24.2 14.9 15.9 10.4 16.4 27.2 63 1.57 1.2 0.81 0.94 0.53 1.07 1.31 64 1.5 1.72 0.81 1.45 0.63 1.52 1.5 65 28.8 39.4 20.5 19.3 18.4 27.8 36.2 Table 168: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (“L” = Line) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 169 Measured parameters in additional Sorghum accessions under normal conditions Line Corr. ID Line-22 Line-23 Line-24 Line-25 Line-26 Line-27 Line-28 4 76 92.1 88.4 62.2 54.7 94.4 57.5 60 0.043 0.125 0.245 0.128 0.114 0.327 0.077 61 0.059 0.413 0.788 0.188 0.152 0.635 0.139 29 NA NA 1.542 1.604 NA NA NA 30 NA NA 1.862 1.651 NA NA NA 31 NA NA 0.795 1.293 NA NA NA 28 NA NA 0.408 0.834 NA NA NA 1 21.4 28 27 29 20.9 29.4 22.5 2 8397.1 28819.2 52862.1 23299.4 8716.9 NA 18934.9 3 8.6 27.6 17.5 15.5 15 NA 20.3 5 NA 0.164 0.175 0.147 0.153 0.17 0.177 9 NA NA 35.13 39.99 NA NA NA 6 0.103 0.129 0.116 0.129 0.103 0.125 0.112 7 500.3 476.6 343.1 415.1 423.7 268.1 363.8 8 40.6 35.2 25 31.6 33 20.4 28.6 10 13130962 6653443 23933120 24881460 19456260 19639820 21045320 11 2058.7 1109.8 3819.2 5346.8 2650.3 3204.7 3102 12 307.6 221 685.9 792 449.8 626.1 497.1 13 13.3 8.4 37.6 48.3 25.1 31.6 30.9 14 44.3 33.6 101.5 153.4 56.4 93.6 69 15 0.271 0.076 0.174 0.367 0.25 0.238 0.245 16 55 200.5 136.5 192.1 85.9 119.3 151.3 17 0.361 0.417 0.981 0.898 0.636 0.748 0.826 18 0.417 0.204 0.337 0.594 0.453 0.358 0.586 19 1.82 2.18 1.06 1.29 1.02 1.44 1.14 20 −12.72 −13.0767 −12.4078 −13.1378 −12.8267 −12.6767 −13.0033 22 NA 67.3 70 68.2 72.9 67.3 76.1 23 6785.6 14171.8 21989.2 13038.2 10639.6 NA 14682.2 24 15 20.3 21.9 18.9 18.9 23.2 22 25 756.2 573.1 2299.1 3152.2 1392.1 1579.3 1438 26 16.8 17.5 62.2 89.3 30 46.8 33.5 27 NA NA 0.542 0.641 NA NA NA 32 17.1 12.3 38.1 44 25 34.8 27.6 39 NA NA 1.211 1.089 NA NA NA 33 611.9 996.1 1115.4 782.1 736.1 945.2 745.5 34 74.4 106 115.2 89.6 85.4 102 86.2 35 NA 1579.1 1498.6 1343.5 NA 1610.7 1084 36 NA 148.6 143 132 NA 150.8 113 37 530.2 945.2 945.2 740.6 693.3 879.2 709 38 1112.2 1472.8 1458.5 1197.2 1159.8 1213.4 1109.2 40 3.56 4.34 3.26 2.88 2.37 7.28 2.81 41 0.97 1.15 1.12 1.6 0.78 0.97 0.87 43 0.66 3.19 3.36 2.57 1.45 NA 1.45 42 94.6 88.7 89.2 89.3 90.5 91.9 91.3 46 52.7 54.7 52.5 57.7 53.5 50.2 54.9 47 47.2 56 52.4 57.6 56.6 52.3 54.4 45 40.9 35.7 41.2 43.3 44.9 40.2 43 44 4.1 1.83 NA 5.05 1.25 NA NA 48 166.9 108.4 139.9 164.9 164.4 NA 156.7 49 NA 57.3 68.5 53.5 79.6 NA 84.6 50 3.5 4.83 1 1.2 2.07 1.2 1 55 NA NA 169.7 105.9 NA NA NA 52 49.9 292.6 293.9 134.6 70.7 NA 81.5 53 0.068 0.249 0.298 0.24 0.119 0.176 0.123 51 0.0145 0.0442 0.0529 0.0488 0.0251 0.0352 0.0265 54 22218.2 27333.3 15850 13892.9 16300 17150 14650 56 8.24 8.41 11.43 10.41 9.62 11.29 11.57 57 41.3 265 276.4 119.1 55.6 NA 61.2 59 0.0084 0.0357 0.035 0.0198 0.0138 0.0224 0.011 58 0.062 0.234 0.219 0.087 0.064 0.153 0.089 62 7.6 6.5 27.8 25.6 14 30.6 17.4 63 0.66 0.39 1.22 1.62 0.96 1.25 1.07 64 0.51 0.58 2.5 2.9 0.92 2.42 1.17 65 20.6 11.5 44 53.3 25.1 31.3 26.6 Table 169: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (“L” = Line) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 170 Measured parameters in additional Sorghum accessions under normal conditions Line Corr. ID Line-29 Line-30 Line-31 Line-32 Line-33 Line-34 Line-35 Line-36 4 85.8 88.8 92.6 87.3 81.6 90.1 66.2 82.3 60 0.09 0.127 0.3 0.171 0.033 0.087 0.24 0.131 61 0 0.018 0.168 0.256 0.117 0.148 0.226 0.263 29 NA NA 1.841 NA NA 1.557 NA 1.84 30 NA NA 1.927 NA NA 1.704 NA 2.047 31 NA NA 1.324 NA NA 1.235 NA 1.34 28 NA NA 0.971 NA NA 1.231 NA 0.631 1 25.9 28.4 26.8 21.8 25.4 23.5 22.6 28.3 2 14471.9 11682.4 12897.2 27195.9 18515.8 16533.5 14367.4 45771.7 3 14.8 12.2 9.9 29.6 38 17 19 24.6 5 NA NA NA 0.214 0.189 0.172 0.168 0.156 9 NA NA 32.59 NA NA 26.71 NA 19.84 6 0.11 0.12 0.111 0.102 0.111 0.109 0.104 0.116 7 525.9 525.9 493.6 351.9 425.1 394.9 413.2 438.2 8 42.5 42.5 40.2 26.8 32.5 30 31.4 33.4 10 25439325 22595225 23516220 35903040 35910300 30637940 37887500 22720400 11 3607.6 2713.3 3012.8 5869.7 5994.7 4733.1 4927.1 3710.2 12 693.9 663 668.8 861.9 904.6 757.3 874.2 653.2 13 35.5 35.6 30 56 52.7 46.2 48.7 27.2 14 91.9 74.1 80.3 130.1 122.6 108.7 112.8 99.9 15 0.358 0.345 0.316 0.284 0.312 0.307 0.308 0.135 16 115.1 141.7 99 174.1 245.3 195 180.4 136 17 0.816 0.81 0.845 1.027 1.014 0.968 1.139 0.787 18 0.545 0.583 0.549 0.466 0.556 0.464 0.472 0.223 19 1.15 1.12 1.22 1.06 1.14 1.1 1 1.46 20 −13.36 −13 −13.0744 −12.85 NA −12.5611 −12.79 −13.1378 22 NA NA NA 52.6 44.3 35.4 75.1 66 23 10885.2 9702 12009.2 20599.4 16039.2 17728.8 17360.8 15975.6 24 17.4 16.6 15.1 21.6 20.6 19.4 15.7 20.9 25 1964.2 1191.6 1513.4 2925.2 3386.4 2454.2 2247.4 2021.1 26 50.8 34 40.9 65.7 79.8 57.3 62.7 56.6 27 NA NA 0.6 NA NA 0.416 NA 0.365 32 38.6 36.8 37.2 47.9 50.3 42.1 48.6 36.3 39 NA NA 1.259 NA NA 1.475 NA 1.753 33 607.2 607.2 607.2 840 769.5 826.6 786.8 814 34 74 74 74 94 88.5 93 90 92 35 NA NA NA 1544.8 NA NA NA 1473.8 36 NA NA NA 146.2 NA NA NA 141.3 37 563.9 537.2 591 769.5 715.1 756.1 756.1 768.4 38 1133.1 1133.1 1100.8 1191.9 1194.6 1221.5 1200 1252.2 40 4.77 4.96 5.75 6.06 5.25 6.68 3.39 4.76 41 1.02 0.96 0.98 0.84 1.12 0.88 0.94 1.78 43 0.81 0.64 0.63 4.94 4.05 3.01 2.1 2.89 42 92.4 91.8 91.4 87.2 87.9 85.7 90.9 92.5 46 53.9 60.1 51.1 49.7 57 55.1 53.9 53.9 47 51.5 54.7 50.5 54.4 55.8 53.6 52.8 55.7 45 43.5 47.8 43.1 44.1 45.1 46.7 44.8 41.2 44 0.55 0.41 6.98 3.44 6.65 1.21 NA 7.5 48 173.3 151.9 167.2 104 82.3 66.9 172.6 131.3 49 NA NA NA 20.6 38 37.4 70.1 66.7 50 3.58 3.54 2.89 2.17 1 1.07 1.13 2.73 55 NA NA 91.4 NA NA 88.6 NA 129.5 52 68.2 56 59 403.1 323.4 264.5 140.9 231.1 53 0.141 0.11 0.128 0.25 0.227 0.198 0.198 0.397 51 0.0304 0.0237 0.0274 0.0511 0.0456 0.0396 0.0401 0.0786 54 19875 17979.2 21600 14064.3 16583.3 15400 16500 21250 56 10.1 8.91 8.77 10.07 11.5 8.81 8.56 10.1 57 53.3 43.8 49.1 373.5 285.5 247.5 121.9 206.5 59 0.0137 0.0115 0.0125 0.0272 0.0205 0.022 0.0213 0.061 58 0.056 0.062 0.074 0.128 0.072 0.083 0.083 0.283 62 16.3 15.6 16.5 32.2 27.4 25.1 27.8 20 63 1.49 1.42 1.44 1.74 1.81 1.52 1.77 1.29 64 1.2 0.8 1.12 2.5 2.4 1.92 2.01 1.84 65 38 22 32.7 54.3 58.9 46.1 50.5 39.9 Table 170: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (“L” = Line) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section

TABLE 171 Measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under low N conditions Line Corr. ID Line-1 Line-2 Line-3 Line-4 Line-5 Line-6 Line-7 4 71 80.8 71.1 62.9 65.1 74.3 83.1 60 0.149 0.204 0.123 0.14 0.289 0.063 0.099 61 0.303 0.177 0.091 0.303 0.321 0.048 0.275 29 2.012 NA 1.641 1.494 NA 1.565 NA 30 1.617 NA 2.306 1.38 NA 2.062 NA 31 1.223 NA 1.005 1.417 NA 1.674 NA 28 0.925 NA 0.667 0.58 NA 0.992 NA 1 29.8 30.6 35.4 30.7 29.2 23.4 20.1 2 21835.9 19319.4 15290.9 24497 44648.6 13714.8 30943.7 3 19.6 17.3 10 11.7 38.7 12.4 13.7 5 0.179 0.147 0.153 0.13 0.135 0.2 0.149 9 24.77 NA 29.66 37.89 NA 28.94 NA 6 0.121 0.127 0.132 0.133 0.13 0.103 0.094 7 444.5 380.4 439.6 373.5 273.3 428.1 285.1 8 33.8 29.6 35 28.5 26.2 33.6 21.8 10 22070840 24438020 21504340 21499680 20685020 21825800 16454200 11 3110.7 3929.4 2654.6 3987.6 4127.2 3314.9 2216.5 12 661.8 769.5 745.2 653.3 610.1 581.2 324.5 13 34.2 35.1 23.1 18.8 42.8 38.9 15 14 88.1 116 87.4 113 115 79.5 42.2 15 0.238 0.281 0.245 0.294 0.27 0.3 0.126 16 135.4 108.3 102.8 108.1 134 94.1 97.7 17 0.871 0.883 0.818 0.737 0.685 0.673 0.505 18 0.419 0.408 0.364 0.414 0.39 0.447 0.31 19 1.15 1.35 1.64 2.16 0.99 1.13 1.15 20 −12.7811 −13.1067 −12.9944 −12.8322 −13.0467 −13.4367 −12.9633 22 70.5 NA 71.9 71.8 61.3 76.6 65.1 23 16770.4 10615.2 9361.4 12263.6 12503.9 7283.2 7295.8 24 19.7 14.3 14.1 17.1 17.3 15.1 16.1 25 1700.3 2239.1 1281.7 1754.3 2275.7 1569.7 1123.2 26 49.9 68.3 45.8 53.9 67 37.5 23.1 27 0.498 NA 0.487 0.566 NA 0.453 NA 32 330.9 384.8 372.6 326.6 305.1 290.6 162.2 39 14.71 NA 12 8.51 NA 9.04 NA 33 814 751.3 689.4 782.1 781 720.6 863.6 34 92 86.8 81.2 89.6 89.5 84 95.8 35 1442 1139.8 1215.2 1357.9 1115.5 NA 1266.7 36 139 117 122.6 133 115.2 NA 126.4 37 762.2 669.1 675.1 757.6 757.6 649.4 823.4 38 1258.5 1131.7 1129 1154.5 1123.3 1148.8 1148.8 40 3.95 4.1 3.36 3.02 2.14 3.82 4.35 41 0.9 2.18 1.92 1.48 2.09 1.37 2.05 43 2.75 1.27 1.29 1.56 3.22 0.9 1.67 42 91.3 90.9 91.3 87.3 89.6 87.1 84.6 46 56.3 49.7 47 48.6 42.8 54.8 43.7 47 54.5 51.7 47.5 48.7 44.6 52.8 47.8 45 50.2 39.1 42.4 38.9 36.2 41.5 37 44 6.43 0.79 3.96 18.9 5.83 0.14 2.18 48 155.1 162.5 161.9 181.4 148.3 144.1 100.3 49 49.5 81.6 76.1 78 60.2 79.4 72.6 50 1.14 2.23 5.03 2.2 1.1 2.79 3 55 93.3 NA 120.5 126.6 NA 99.8 NA 52 166 103.7 85.7 90.8 205.7 66.7 138.3 53 0.2 0.231 0.213 0.243 0.262 0.131 0.183 51 0.0384 0.0497 0.0458 0.0529 0.0563 0.0281 0.0392 54 19050 19500 30600 29007.1 13250 14125 19550 56 10.72 9.68 7.88 9.47 10.83 9.78 8.96 57 146.5 86.4 75.7 79.1 167 54.2 124.6 59 0.0225 0.0296 0.0292 0.0326 0.0344 0.016 0.0272 58 0.114 0.114 0.102 0.083 0.101 0.085 0.127 62 20 26.2 21.5 21.7 22 16.9 14.8 63 1.28 1.65 1.6 1.33 1.31 1.25 0.7 64 1.57 2.35 1.43 2.43 2.86 1.14 1.15 65 32.7 43.5 30.9 52.1 57.2 29.5 25.5 Table 171: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under low N conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 172 Measured parameters in additional Sorghum accessions under low N conditions Line Corr. ID Line-8 Line-9 Line-10 Line-11 Line-12 Line-13 Line-14 4 NA 87.4 85.5 93.1 55.4 74.1 67.4 60 0 0.105 0.2 0.037 0.24 0.165 0.244 61 0.199 0.416 0.59 0.344 0.186 0.032 0.206 29 NA 1.759 NA NA NA NA NA 30 NA 1.16 NA NA NA NA NA 31 NA 1.314 NA NA NA NA NA 28 NA 0.892 NA NA NA NA NA 1 23.7 22.8 16.5 24.8 25.6 25.2 29.5 2 8654.4 22138.7 48187.8 46278.3 15264.7 9784.8 13167 3 6.7 11 10.2 31.7 7.7 10.1 9.5 5 NA 0.169 0.131 0.175 0.168 0.185 0.181 9 NA 22.9 NA NA NA NA NA 6 0.121 0.096 0.083 0.111 0.11 0.108 0.123 7 453.5 437 303.1 381.1 448.5 400.9 366.1 8 37 33.3 22 27.8 34.8 31.6 28.6 10 6420783 26192733 21156820 10734122 10820540 21581650 22437200 11 1326.9 4021.6 3454.5 1697.2 1472.7 3041.2 2942.7 12 152 633.4 389.1 306.5 283 558.3 690.4 13 12.9 28 27.7 20.9 10 27.6 34.1 14 31.1 90.2 58.7 44.1 35.7 74.7 84.1 15 0.194 0.225 0.065 0.085 0.165 0.357 0.296 16 235.3 156.9 136.7 190.3 117 75.9 79 17 0.2 0.756 0.509 0.47 0.499 0.627 0.783 18 0.36 0.363 0.122 0.176 0.469 0.51 0.46 19 1.07 1.41 0.95 1.13 1.46 1.26 1.11 20 −13.6167 −12.69 −13.1067 −13.1678 −12.5867 −13.1267 −12.9967 22 71.9 69.2 68.6 69.3 79.7 76.7 73.6 23 3501 12503.7 15699.7 22712.4 8595.4 8279.6 14579.4 24 9 19.4 20.6 22.7 18 13.9 17 25 520.9 1874.6 1912.8 732.1 810.6 1593.3 1572.2 26 12.3 43.7 33 19.1 19.8 40.8 46.4 27 NA 0.403 NA NA NA NA NA 32 76 316.7 194.5 153.2 141.5 279.2 345.2 39 NA 11.61 NA NA NA NA NA 33 630.5 802.2 1189.1 1097 740.6 725.1 751.5 34 76 91 120.6 113.8 85.8 84.4 86.8 35 1070.9 1554.5 1534.2 1659.7 1570.2 1412 1165.8 36 112 147 145.5 154.2 148 137 119 37 630.5 734.9 NA 945.2 661.9 670 717.1 38 1084 1239.2 1492.2 1478.1 1189.1 1126 1117.6 40 NA 5.22 4.97 6.28 2.15 4.02 2.83 41 2.5 0.65 1.15 0.96 0.71 1 1.12 43 NA 1.35 2.88 2.15 1.06 0.88 1.05 42 92.3 87.2 86.7 88.1 86.9 85.9 91.5 46 NA 51.2 46.2 57.4 49.6 53.6 48.5 47 50.1 53.1 42.8 56.9 49.1 50.5 48.8 45 41.9 40.1 36 39.4 36.3 40.4 45.4 44 5.2 10.09 NA 5.25 1.45 9.66 NA 48 189.5 125.5 140.6 160 159.6 178.5 157.8 49 84.1 67.7 73.1 71.7 82.5 74.4 80 50 1.83 2.47 1.2 2.27 2.53 3.83 1.54 55 NA 104.4 NA NA NA NA NA 52 26.2 120 241 200.8 55.3 64.6 68 53 0.078 0.223 0.418 0.292 0.122 0.125 0.168 51 0.0179 0.0436 0.0742 0.0518 0.0253 0.0269 0.0361 54 12833.3 20833.3 13166.7 14150 25900 18950 18250 56 7.89 9.5 6.88 11.01 9.43 8.68 8.36 57 19.4 109 230.8 169.1 47.6 54.5 58.5 59 0.0111 0.0277 0.0633 0.0429 0.0142 0.0131 0.0152 58 0.053 0.119 0.467 0.192 0.059 0.052 0.071 62 4 18.9 18 11.9 8.2 17.2 24.3 63 0.32 1.25 0.69 0.54 0.57 1.2 1.48 64 0.49 1.51 1.52 0.75 0.61 1.42 1.63 65 12 40.6 40.9 13.3 17.5 34.9 31.9 Table 172: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under low N conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 173 Measured parameters in additional Sorghum accessions under low N conditions Line Corr. ID Line-15 Line-16 Line-17 Line-18 Line-19 Line-20 Line-21 4 71.2 87.7 66.6 88.7 69.2 83 61.3 60 0.28 0.108 0.142 0.197 0.044 0.176 0.009 61 0.276 0.215 0.08 0.227 0.034 0.151 0.057 29 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 30 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 31 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 28 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 22.7 16.5 37 16.8 26.6 17.8 21.1 2 14934.2 18163.1 28962.4 18746.5 12235.2 15453.2 7723.9 3 9.9 11.4 19.7 16.1 17.3 13.9 8.3 5 0.177 0.165 0.199 0.16 0.183 0.185 NA 9 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 6 0.116 0.079 0.144 0.089 0.113 0.088 0.101 7 293.6 384.4 389.2 405.6 454.6 323.1 527.5 8 22.2 29.2 29.5 30 35.4 24.6 42.6 10 25344720 20035920 11582823 14659840 20818740 23299560 11431484 11 3864.4 2620.7 1944 1369.3 3561.9 3839.1 1999.4 12 605.1 366.7 423.1 280.2 590.6 454.7 263.7 13 37.1 17.6 16.1 5.7 36.4 28.1 13.2 14 85.5 44.3 66.9 23.6 95.7 68.2 43.3 15 0.327 0.196 0.146 0.074 0.351 0.258 0.29 16 107 176.3 83 66.7 117.5 98.1 47.5 17 0.693 0.58 0.474 0.577 0.679 0.508 0.262 18 0.492 0.352 0.257 0.203 0.526 0.39 0.367 19 1.06 1.11 1.78 2.3 1.15 1.22 2.54 20 −12.96 −13.07 −12.9367 −12.7733 −13.3467 −12.6033 −12.8267 22 68.7 70.9 73.2 65.3 75.6 63 NA 23 16710.3 13218.2 14464.5 11759.2 8621.8 13816.8 6363.6 24 21 20 21.5 17.7 18.5 20.7 14.8 25 2037.5 1422.1 854.8 449.6 1466.9 1989.8 659.5 26 46.2 24.5 31.9 7.7 40.6 35.6 14.2 27 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 32 302.5 183.3 211.6 140.1 295.3 227.3 131.8 39 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 33 967.4 840 889.2 1013.4 726.8 863.5 607.2 34 103.8 94 97.8 107.4 84.6 95.8 74 35 1498.3 NA 1584.5 1576.2 1512.8 1412 NA 36 143 NA 149 148.4 144 137 NA 37 892.6 769.5 814.2 905.8 641.5 773 534.2 38 1261 1224.3 1278.5 1419 1181.3 1186.6 1134.7 40 3.57 5.91 3.22 6.07 3.7 4.37 2.22 41 0.77 0.77 1.07 1.26 0.69 0.64 0.88 43 2.35 1.03 3.93 1.5 1.32 1.68 0.78 42 91.4 84.5 92.5 85.1 88.2 87 92.4 46 46.3 50 56.2 49.7 51.3 48.1 52.5 47 47.4 55.9 55.5 49.9 51.2 48.1 44.4 45 39.9 39.1 42 42 44.5 39.4 38.2 44 0.85 0.5 6.54 3.62 4.04 0.62 11.12 48 153.2 149.9 148.2 123.3 147.8 130.5 150.1 49 47.5 78.8 48.8 65.8 74.6 43.8 NA 50 1.24 1.3 4.79 4.27 2.37 1.43 4.93 55 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 52 159.4 90.7 240.2 133.7 88.7 138.1 48.1 53 0.139 0.134 0.267 0.194 0.115 0.129 0.092 51 0.027 0.0265 0.0507 0.0345 0.0239 0.0265 0.0198 54 15050 18650 26500 47771.4 15378.6 14791.3 23437.3 56 9.78 8.57 12.73 7.75 10.95 7.75 7.52 57 149.5 79.3 220.5 117.6 71.4 123.4 39.8 59 0.0136 0.0172 0.0377 0.0284 0.0113 0.0163 0.0122 58 0.069 0.055 0.147 0.106 0.071 0.092 0.092 62 27.3 13 14.8 9.3 16.7 18.5 6.2 63 1.18 0.73 0.79 0.5 1.23 0.93 0.57 64 2.11 0.88 1.35 0.37 1.25 1.46 0.59 65 44 26.3 19.7 12 31.1 41.7 25.8 Table 173: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under low N conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 174 Measured parameters in additional Sorghum accessions under low N conditions Line Corr. ID Line-22 Line-23 Line-24 Line-25 Line-26 Line-27 Line-28 4 90.3 85.7 71.2 60.1 94.8 60.6 81.1 60 0.194 0.209 0.145 0.151 NA 0.074 0.012 61 0.407 0.693 0.225 0.277 0.472 0.179 0.05 29 NA 1.466 1.411 NA NA NA NA 30 NA 1.976 1.639 NA NA NA NA 31 NA 0.695 0.986 NA NA NA NA 28 NA 0.488 0.7 NA NA NA NA 1 26.7 22.7 31.6 20.3 31.2 21.5 26 2 32879.7 62130.2 28010.3 8132.7 NA 18761.8 13549.2 3 20.4 19.8 37 11 NA 18.2 14.5 5 0.156 0.164 0.178 0.146 NA 0.188 NA 9 NA 18.14 40.26 NA NA NA NA 6 0.129 0.105 0.136 0.102 0.133 0.105 0.109 7 395.4 404.2 428.2 411.5 295.7 380.9 522 8 29 29.2 32.8 31.8 22.4 29.4 42.2 10 4496747 11541518 18740650 16305080 20382340 12164286 23557125 11 592.6 1907.3 3702.6 2806.6 3624.3 2363.9 3599.6 12 145.5 282.2 605.5 378 581.1 291.8 671.5 13 9.5 19.1 36.4 22 36.6 19.1 33.9 14 17.5 43.2 111.3 59.1 109.3 52.9 93.9 15 0.052 0.086 0.312 0.237 0.218 0.206 0.364 16 178.3 124 150.2 82.5 123.7 113.7 108.2 17 0.347 0.485 0.71 0.503 0.72 0.639 0.774 18 0.158 0.235 0.518 0.439 0.342 0.426 0.518 19 1.69 0.98 1.34 1.02 1.53 1.16 1.43 20 −12.9 −12.3556 −13.1 −13.06 −12.7533 −12.8967 −13.0267 22 60.4 72.8 66.8 73.9 NA 76.3 NA 23 16953.3 26482.6 15781.4 8543 NA 15080.6 9350.7 24 20.9 24.4 18.2 16.9 NA 21.5 16.8 25 161.4 1071.8 2162.9 1311.7 1900.6 1326.5 1619 26 4.8 24.8 66.9 27.1 58.6 30.3 42.6 27 NA 0.266 0.568 NA NA NA NA 32 72.7 141.1 302.8 189 290.5 145.9 335.8 39 NA 8.79 7.16 NA NA NA NA 33 1060.4 1153.7 771.5 748.3 955.1 762.2 607.2 34 111 118 88.6 86.6 102.8 87.8 74 35 1575.2 1586.7 1250.8 1369 1631 NA NA 36 148.3 149.2 125.2 134 152.2 NA NA 37 912.2 NA 751.5 677.8 901.2 727.2 574.8 38 1483.8 1558 1199.7 1159.8 1250.8 1143.1 1129.2 40 4 2.98 2.92 2.88 6.85 2.32 3.89 41 0.84 0.85 1.55 0.82 0.83 0.57 0.74 43 3.4 4.56 2.64 0.91 NA 1.35 0.85 42 88.6 88.9 89.9 93.1 90.6 92.4 93.3 46 47.8 47.1 54.9 50.3 43.2 50.7 55.1 47 49 41 49.2 49.6 48.7 52.5 52.9 45 35.9 38.5 40.5 48.4 40.6 41.1 44.6 44 1.76 NA 3.74 10.92 36.79 0.5 6.36 48 96.9 165.9 153.4 165.2 NA 153.1 143.3 49 52.3 62.9 56.2 78.7 NA 81.8 NA 50 5.33 1 1.43 1.83 1.4 1.07 3.5 55 NA 194.9 128.5 NA NA NA NA 52 306.1 385 180.8 53.3 NA 80.8 70.3 53 0.204 0.25 0.214 0.127 0.272 0.138 0.133 51 0.0332 0.0443 0.0442 0.0268 0.0536 0.0296 0.0281 54 26033.3 13200 14404.8 13600 15500 13466.7 20520.8 56 9.43 11.94 12.75 9.97 NA 10.98 9.12 57 285.7 365.3 143.9 42.3 NA 62.6 55.8 59 0.0273 0.034 0.0207 0.0151 0.0348 0.0172 0.0137 58 0.244 0.267 0.076 0.069 0.187 0.064 0.057 62 7.6 9.9 19.8 12.1 25.9 10 15.9 63 0.33 0.5 1.27 0.8 1.13 0.63 1.41 64 0.39 0.87 2.19 1.01 2.44 1.05 1.13 65 5 23.2 44.9 30.1 36.3 25.4 33.8 Table 174: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under low N conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 175 Measured parameters in additional Sorghum accessions under low N conditions Line Corr. ID Line-29 Line-30 Line-31 Line-32 Line-33 Line-34 4 74 88.2 94.3 84.5 68.6 84 60 0.084 0.254 0.088 0.118 0.22 0.205 61 0.092 0.069 0.175 0.137 0.326 0.404 29 NA 1.684 NA 1.326 NA 2.015 30 NA 1.532 NA 1.478 NA 1.703 31 NA 1.38 NA 1.137 NA 1.584 28 NA 0.856 NA 0.808 NA 0.539 1 27.9 28.4 20.9 24.4 23.5 26.1 2 9492.3 14554.4 27230.6 18260.1 18322.3 42073.4 3 10.9 11.1 16 22.6 19.8 14.7 5 NA NA 0.2 0.178 0.159 0.158 9 NA 35.16 NA 43.48 NA 15.48 6 0.118 0.116 0.098 0.113 0.104 0.109 7 522.5 518.8 344.9 412.3 391 436.9 8 42.2 42 26.2 31.2 29.8 33.2 10 16479475 25747580 36116975 36860650 33562075 18000140 11 2406.1 3436.2 6082.5 5855.7 4395.8 3020.8 12 510.9 774.6 816.4 922.4 828.4 485.5 13 27.9 40 57.5 50.8 48.7 26.4 14 68.2 95.3 127.8 139.4 101.2 76.1 15 0.344 0.334 0.256 0.366 0.3 0.114 16 138.6 112.2 185.6 222.3 140.8 115.6 17 0.635 0.926 0.969 0.996 1.04 0.585 18 0.61 0.533 0.425 0.535 0.486 0.176 19 1.08 1.16 1.02 1.14 1.06 1.28 20 −13.0233 −12.9756 −13.0333 −12.8422 −12.6367 −13.0322 22 NA NA 67.3 68.6 71.7 69 23 5454 9065.6 20008 21922.8 15977 18430.4 24 15.4 15.4 21.2 20.8 17.5 20.5 25 1259.4 1724 3230.2 3170.3 2099.2 1383.3 26 36 48.8 69.2 79.2 49.6 36.4 27 NA 0.592 NA 0.577 NA 0.312 32 255.4 387.3 408.2 461.2 414.2 242.8 39 NA 11.09 NA 10.96 NA 13.24 33 607.2 607.2 872.8 866.2 820 813.4 34 74 74 96.5 96 92.5 92 35 NA 1247.5 1528 NA 1405.5 1392.6 36 NA 125 145 NA 136.5 135.5 37 574.8 607.2 814.2 749.1 769.5 773 38 1129.8 1126 1217.6 1278.6 1211 1250.3 40 3.18 5.37 6.86 4.96 3.39 4.38 41 0.85 1.17 0.82 0.77 0.91 1.54 43 0.6 0.65 3.13 3.28 1.84 4.08 42 93.5 94.2 85.9 87.6 92.2 92 46 55.5 49.8 45.8 51 45 50.6 47 52.2 49.9 47.3 53.8 45.9 50.9 45 46.9 41.4 39.9 41.8 39.5 38.3 44 5.12 1.57 NA 12.83 0.77 5.67 48 151.1 142.9 152.4 133.1 159.4 139.7 49 NA NA 30.3 39.9 72.5 50.5 50 3.46 3.4 2.25 1 1.08 2.83 55 NA 102.2 NA 112.4 NA 154.2 52 45.4 58.6 293.9 275.5 124.4 344 53 0.105 0.145 0.263 0.212 0.163 0.405 51 0.0226 0.031 0.0526 0.0398 0.0319 0.0801 54 16495.8 17950 12910.7 15812.5 15567.9 18400 56 8.63 8.78 9.05 9.4 9.41 9.06 57 34.5 47.5 277.9 252.9 104.5 329.2 59 0.0088 0.0147 0.0303 0.0184 0.0174 0.0658 58 0.045 0.075 0.147 0.091 0.083 0.217 62 12.2 18.4 31.9 29.9 27.8 14.9 63 1.1 1.66 1.63 1.74 1.69 0.96 64 0.91 1.18 2.67 2.66 1.67 1.32 65 26.9 35.3 69.8 61.6 45.6 31.9 Table 175: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (Line) under low N conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.

TABLE 176 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions across Sorghum accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGB15 0.72 2.76E−02 3 9 LGB16 0.76 1.68E−02 3 27 LGB16 0.71 3.36E−02 1 27 LGB16 0.71 3.07E−02 1 9 LGM15 0.81 8.18E−03 3 30 LGM17 0.87 2.31E−03 3 28 Table 176. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 165. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 163. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value.

TABLE 177 Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under Low N growth stress conditions across Sorghum accessions Gene Exp. Corr. Gene Exp. Corr. Name R P value set Set ID Name R P value set Set ID LGB15 0.70 3.47E−02 1 30 LGB16 0.83 5.35E−03 1 55 Table 177. Provided are the correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance. “Corr. ID”-correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters specified in Table 165. “Exp. Set”-Expression set specified in Table 164. “R” = Pearson correlation coefficient; “P” = p value

Example 18 Identification of Genes which Increase ABST, Growth Rate, Vigor, Yield, Biomass, Oil Content, WUE, NUE and/or FUE in Plants

Based on the above described bioinformatics and experimental tools, the present inventors have identified 89 genes which exhibit a major impact on abiotic stress tolerance, plant yield, seed yield, oil content, growth rate, vigor, biomass, fiber yield and quality, photosynthetic capacity, root coverage, rosette area, plot coverage, growth rate, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency when expression thereof is increased in plants. The identified genes, their curated polynucleotide and polypeptide sequences, as well as their updated sequences according to GenBank database are summarized in Table 178, hereinbelow.

TABLE 178 Identified genes for increasing abiotic stress tolerance, water use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, growth rate, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, nitrogen use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency of a plant Gene Polyn. SEQ Polyp. SEQ Name Organism/Cluster Name ID NO: ID NO: LGA1 barley|12v1|AV833096 1 182 LGA2 barley|12v1|AV834937 2 183 LGA6 cotton|11v1|AI728967 3 184 LGA9 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BQ410590 4 185 LGA17 sorghum|13v2|BF176782 5 186 LGA1_H4 rice|13v2|AU058418 6 187 LGB1 cotton|11v1|DT468691 7 188 LGB2 foxtail_millet|13v2|EC613682 8 189 LGB4 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X122303 9 190 LGB5 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X140046 10 191 LGB7 maize|13v2|AI901347 11 192 LGB8 maize|13v2|CF036651 12 193 LGB9 rice|13v2|AA750795 13 194 LGB10 rice|13v2|BE229598 14 195 LGB11 rice|13v2|CA753146 15 196 LGB14 sorghum|13v2|AI724216 16 197 LGB15 sorghum|13v2|AW564221 17 198 LGB16 sorghum|13v2|BF317828 18 199 LGB18 wheat|12v3|CA720225 19 200 LGB18_H2 barley|12v1|BE422321 20 201 LGD1 wheat|12v3|BE404793 21 202 LGD2 tomato|13v1|AA824770 22 203 LGD3 bean|12v2|CA905318 23 204 LGD6 arabidopsis|13v2|AT3G12290 24 205 LGD7 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01AX6UP 25 206 LGD8 bean|12v2|HO781071 26 207 LGD9 bean|13v1|CA898975 27 208 LGD10 bean|13v1|SRR001335X441509 28 209 LGD11 bean|13v1|SRR090491X1205635 29 210 LGD12 canola|11v1|DY024508 30 211 LGD14 medicago|13v1|AL368483 31 212 LGD15 medicago|13v1|AW690234 32 213 LGD16 medicago|13v1|BF641377 33 214 LGD17 medicago|13v1|BI270559 34 215 LGD18 soybean|13v2|GLYMA07G01230 35 216 LGD19 soybean|13v2|GLYMA08G22020 36 217 LGD20 soybean|13v2|GLYMA11G37630 37 218 LGD21 soybean|13v2|GLYMA12G00350 38 219 LGD23 soybean|13v2|GLYMA20G17440 39 220 LGD24 tomato|13v1|AF233745 40 221 LGD25 tomato|13v1|AI897510 41 222 LGD26 tomato|13v1|AW219459 42 223 LGM4 maize|10v1|AI586576 44 225 LGM5 maize|10v1|AI745971 45 226 LGM7 maize|10v1|BG836857 46 227 LGM8 maize|10v1|BG841757 47 228 LGM9 maize|13v2|AI737203 48 229 LGM10 rice|13v2|AB239801 49 230 LGM11 sorghum|12v1|SB07G007870 50 231 LGM12 sorghum|12v1|SB07G024310 51 232 LGM13 rice|13v2|AU069785 52 233 LGM14 maize|10v1|T23364 53 234 LGM15 sorghum|13v2|BE594866 54 235 LGM16 maize|13v2|AI615185 55 236 LGM17 sorghum|13v2|BG048663 56 237 LGM18 brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G57667 57 238 LGM21 maize|13v2|AW076322 59 240 LGM22 rice|13v2|CF306237 60 241 LGM23 sorghum|13v2|CD232722 61 242 LGM18_H1 rice|13v2|BI808928 62 243 MGP15 barley|12v1|BF265446 63 244 MGP16 barley|12v1|BF627028 64 245 MGP17 barley|12v1|EX585887 65 246 MGP18 cotton|11v1|CO074273 66 247 MGP19 foxtail_millet|13v2|EC612255 67 248 MGP20 maize|13v2|AI396237 68 249 MGP21 maize|13v2|BE509799 69 250 MGP22 maize|13v2|CF629964 70 251 MGP23 maize|13v2|BU197720 71 252 MGP24 maize|13v2|EU943272 72 253 MGP25 rice|11v1|BI797334 73 254 MGP26 rice|13v2|AU056740 74 255 MGP27 rice|13v2|AU174125 75 256 MGP28 rice|13v2|BQ908084 76 257 MGP30 rice|13v2|CI354913 77 258 MGP33 sorghum|12v1|SB03G000370 78 259 MGP34 sorghum|13v2|BF587276 79 260 MGP35 sorghum|12v1|SB03G040900 80 261 MGP37 sorghum|13v2|CD204652 81 262 MGP38 sorghum|13v2|CD213494 82 263 MGP39 sorghum|13v2|CN128367 83 264 MGP40 tomato|13v1|AI485915 84 265 MGP42 wheat|12v3|BF201691 85 266 MGP19_H1 sorghum|13v2|BF656809 86 267 MGP30_H3 sorghum|13v2|CF480985 87 268 RIN44 rice|11v1|BE039940 88 269 LGA1_H4 rice|13v2|AU058418 89 187 LGB4 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X122303 90 190 LGB11 rice|13v2|CA753146 91 270 LGB18_H2 barley|12v1|BE422321 92 271 LGD7 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01AX6UP 93 272 LGD16 medicago|13v1[BF641377 94 214 LGD25 tomato|13v1|AI897510 95 222 LGM18_H1 rice|13v2|BI808928 96 243 MGP22 maize|13v2|CF629964 97 251 MGP24 maize|13v2|EU943272 98 273 MGP40 tomato|13v1|AI485915 99 274 MGP19_H1 sorghum|13v2|BF656809 100 267 MGP30_H3 sorghum|13v2|CF480985 101 268 LGM2 sorghum|12v1|SB03G012590 140 224 LGM19 maize|10v1|AW000428 154 288 LYM672_ sorghum|13v2|XM_002457691 1865 5051 H1, LGM2 LYM672 maize|13v2|EE162371_T1 1866 5052 LYM466 sorghum|13v2|BE361086 2345 5457 LYM466_H2 maize|13v2|AI783091_P1 2346 5458 LGM19_H2 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X38582D1_P1 2347 5459 LGM19_H1 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X1141 2348 5460 LGM19_H1 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK548042_P1 2349 5461 LYM466_H5 rice|13v2|AU089825 2350 5462 LGM19_H3 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X126026D1_P1 2351 5463 LYM466_H7 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G57640T2 2352 5464 LYM466_H7 brachypodium|14v1|DV469198_T1 2353 5464 LGA2 barley|12v1|AV834937 102 183 LGA6 cotton|11v1|AI728967 103 275 LGA9 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BQ410590 104 276 LGA17 sorghum|13v2|BF176782 105 277 LGA1_H4 rice|13v2|AU058418 106 187 LGB1 cotton|11v1|DT468691 107 278 LGB2 foxtail_millet|13v2|EC613682 108 189 LGB4 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X122303 109 190 LGB5 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X140046 110 191 LGB8 maize|13v2|CF036651 111 193 LGB9 rice|13v2|AA750795 112 194 LGB10 rice|13v2|BE229598 113 279 LGB11 rice|13v2|CA753146 114 196 LGB14 sorghum|13v2|AI724216 115 197 LGB15 sorghum|13v2|AW564221 116 198 LGB16 sorghum|13v2|BF317828 117 199 LGB18_H2 barley|12v1|BE422321 118 280 LGD1 wheat|12v3|BE404793 119 281 LGD2 tomato|13v1|AA824770 120 203 LGD3 bean|12v2|CA905318 121 204 LGD6 arabidopsis|13v2|AT3G12290 122 205 LGD7 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01AX6UP 123 282 LGD8 bean|12v2|HO781071 124 283 LGD9 bean|13v1|CA898975 125 208 LGD10 bean|13v1|SRR001335X441509 126 284 LGD11 bean|13v1|SRR090491X1205635 127 210 LGD12 canola|11v1|DY024508 128 211 LGD14 medicago|13v1|AL368483 129 285 LGD15 medicago|13v1|AW690234 130 213 LGD16 medicago|13v1|BF641377 131 214 LGD17 medicago|13v1|BI270559 132 215 LGD18 soybean|13v2|GLYMA07G01230 133 216 LGD19 soybean|13v2|GLYMA08G22020 134 217 LGD20 soybean|13v2|GLYMA11G37630 135 218 LGD21 soybean|13v2|GLYMA12G00350 136 219 LGD23 soybean|13v2|GLYMA20G17440 137 220 LGD24 tomato|13v1|AF233745 138 221 LGD26 tomato|13v1|AW219459 139 223 LGM4 maize|10v1|AI586576 141 225 LGM5 maize|10v1|AI745971 142 226 LGM7 maize|10v1|BG836857 143 286 LGM8 maize|10v1|BG841757 144 228 LGM9 maize|13v2|AI737203 145 229 LGM10 rice|13v2|AB239801 146 230 LGM11 sorghum|12v1|SB07G007870 147 231 LGM12 sorghum|12v1|SB07G024310 148 232 LGM13 rice|13v2|AU069785 149 233 LGM14 maize|10v1|T23364 150 234 LGM15 sorghum|13v2|BE594866 151 235 LGM16 maize|13v2|AI615185 152 287 LGM17 sorghum|13v2|BG048663 153 237 LGM21 maize|13v2|AW076322 155 240 LGM22 rice|13v2|CF306237 156 289 LGM23 sorghum|13v2|CD232722 157 290 LGM18_H1 rice|13v2|BI808928 158 243 MGP15 barley|12v1|BF265446 159 244 MGP16 barley|12v1|BF627028 160 245 MGP17 barley|12v1|EX585887 161 291 MGP18 cotton|11v1|CO074273 162 292 MGP20 maize|13v2|AI396237 163 293 MGP21 maize|13v2|BE509799 164 250 MGP22 maize|13v2|CF629964 165 251 MGP23 maize|13v2|BU197720 166 252 MGP24 maize|13v2|EU943272 167 253 MGP25 rice|11v1|BI797334 168 254 MGP26 rice|13v2|AU056740 169 255 MGP27 rice|13v2|AU174125 170 256 MGP28 rice|13v2|BQ908084 171 294 MGP33 sorghum|12v1|SB03G000370 172 259 MGP34 sorghum|13v2|BF587276 173 295 MGP35 sorghum|12v1|SB03G040900 174 261 MGP38 sorghum|13v2|CD213494 175 263 MGP39 sorghum|13v2|CN128367 176 264 MGP40 tomato|13v1|AI485915 177 296 MGP42 wheat|12v3|BF201691 178 297 MGP19_H1 sorghum|13v2|BF656809 179 267 MGP30_H1 sorghum|13v2|CF480985 180 268 RIN44 rice|11v1|BE039940 181 269 Table 178. Provided are the identified genes which expression thereof in plants increases abiotic stress tolerance, water use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, fiber yield, fiber quality, gowth rate, oil content, nitrogen use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency of a plant. “Polyn.”-polynucleotide; “Polyp.”-polypeptide.

Example 19 Identification of Homologues which Affect ABST, WUE, Yield, Growth Rate, Vigor, Biomass, Oil Content, NUE and/or FUE of a Plant

The concepts of orthology and paralogy have recently been applied to functional characterizations and classifications on the scale of whole-genome comparisons. Orthologs and paralogs constitute two major types of homologs: The first evolved from a common ancestor by specialization, and the latter are related by duplication events. It is assumed that paralogs arising from ancient duplication events are likely to have diverged in function while true orthologs are more likely to retain identical function over evolutionary time.

Identification of putative orthologs of the genes identified in Table 178 above can be performed using various tools such as the BLAST™ (National Library of Medicine; Basic Local Alignment Search Tool/). Sequences sufficiently similar were tentatively grouped. These putative orthologs were further organized under a Phylogram—a branching diagram (tree) assumed to be a representation of the evolutionary relationships among the biological taxa. Putative ortholog groups were analyzed as to their agreement with the phylogram and in cases of disagreements these ortholog groups were broken accordingly.

Expression data was analyzed and the EST libraries were classified using a fixed vocabulary of custom terms such as developmental stages (e.g., genes showing similar expression profile through development with up regulation at specific stage, such as at the seed filling stage) and/or plant organ (e.g., genes showing similar expression profile across their organs with up regulation at specific organs such as seed). The annotations from all the ESTs clustered to a gene were analyzed statistically by comparing their frequency in the cluster versus their abundance in the database, allowing to construct a numeric and graphic expression profile of that gene, which is termed “digital expression”. The rationale of using these two complementary methods with methods of phenotypic association studies of QTLs, SNPs and phenotype expression correlation is based on the assumption that true orthologs are likely to retain identical function over evolutionary time. These methods provide different sets of indications on function similarities between two homologous genes, similarities in the sequence level—identical amino acids in the protein domains and similarity in expression profiles.

Methods for searching and identifying homologues of yield and improved agronomic traits such as ABS tolerance and FUE related polypeptides or polynucleotides are well within the realm of the skilled artisan. The search and identification of homologous genes involves the screening of sequence information available, for example, in public databases, which include but are not limited to the DNA Database of Japan (DDBJ), Genbank, and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory Nucleic Acid Sequence Database (EMBL) or versions thereof or the MIPS database. A number of different search algorithms have been developed, including but not limited to the suite of programs referred to as BLAST™ programs. There are five implementations of BLAST™, three designed for nucleotide sequence queries (BLASTN, BLASTX, and TBLASTX) and two designed for protein sequence queries (BLASTP and TBLASTN) (Coulson, Trends in Biotechnology: 76-80, 1994; Birren et al., Genome Analysis, I: 543, 1997). Such methods involve alignment and comparison of sequences. The BLAST™ algorithm calculates percent sequence identity and performs a statistical analysis of the similarity between the two sequences. The software for performing BLAST™ analysis is publicly available through the National Centre for Biotechnology Information. Other such software or algorithms are GAP, BESTFIT, FASTA and TFASTA. GAP uses the algorithm of Needleman and Wunsch (J. Mol. Biol. 48: 443-453, 1970) to find the alignment of two complete sequences that maximizes the number of matches and minimizes the number of gaps.

The homologous genes may belong to the same gene family. The analysis of a gene family may be carried out using sequence similarity analysis. To perform this analysis one may use standard programs for multiple alignments e.g. Clustal W. A neighbour-joining tree of the proteins homologous to the genes in this invention may be used to provide an overview of structural and ancestral relationships. Sequence identity may be calculated using an alignment program as described above. It is expected that other plants will carry a similar functional gene (orthologue) or a family of similar genes and those genes will provide the same preferred phenotype as the genes presented here. Advantageously, these family members may be useful in the methods of the invention. Example of other plants are included here but not limited to, barley (Hordeum vulgare), Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), maize (Zea mays), cotton (Gossypium), Oilseed rape (Brassica napus), Rice (Oryza sativa), Sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Soybean (Glycine max), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), Wheat (Triticum aestivum).

The above-mentioned analyses for sequence homology is preferably carried out on a full-length sequence, but may also be based on a comparison of certain regions such as conserved domains. The identification of such domains would also be well within the realm of the person skilled in the art and would involve, for example, a computer readable format of the nucleic acids of the present invention, the use of alignment software programs and the use of publicly available information on protein domains, conserved motifs and boxes. This information is available in the PRODOM (biochem (dot) ucl (dot) ac (dot) uk/bsm/dbbrowser/protocol/prodomqry (dot) html), PIR (pir (dot) Georgetown (dot) edu/) or Pfam (sanger (dot) ac (dot) uk/Software/Pfam/) database. Sequence analysis programs designed for motif searching may be used for identification of fragments, regions and conserved domains as mentioned above. Preferred computer programs include, but are not limited to, MEME, SIGNALSCAN, and GENESCAN.

A person skilled in the art may use the homologous sequences provided herein to find similar sequences in other species and other organisms. Homologues of a protein encompass, peptides, oligopeptides, polypeptides, proteins and enzymes having amino acid substitutions, deletions and/or insertions relative to the unmodified protein in question and having similar biological and functional activity as the unmodified protein from which they are derived. To produce such homologues, amino acids of the protein may be replaced by other amino acids having similar properties (conservative changes, such as similar hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, antigenicity, propensity to form or break a-helical structures or 3-sheet structures). Conservative substitution tables are well known in the art (see for example Creighton (1984) Proteins. W.H. Freeman and Company). Homologues of a nucleic acid encompass nucleic acids having nucleotide substitutions, deletions and/or insertions relative to the unmodified nucleic acid in question and having similar biological and functional activity as the unmodified nucleic acid from which they are derived.

Polynucleotides and polypeptides with significant homology to the identified genes described in Table 178 (Example 18 above) were identified from the databases using BLAST™ software with the BLASTP™ and tBLASTN™ algorithms as filters for the first stage, and the needle (EMBOSS package) or Frame+ algorithm alignment for the second stage. Local identity (Blast alignments) was defined with a very permissive cutoff—60% Identity on a span of 60% of the sequences lengths because it use as only a filter for the global alignment stage. The default filtering of the Blast package was not utilized (by setting the parameter “-F F”).

In the second stage, homologs were defined based on a global identity of at least 80% to the core gene polypeptide sequence. Two distinct forms for finding the optimal global alignment for protein or nucleotide sequences were used in this application:

1. Between two proteins (following the BLASTP™ filter):

EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm with the following modified parameters: gapopen=8 gapextend=2. The rest of the parameters were unchanged from the default options described hereinabove.

2. Between a protein sequence and a nucleotide sequence (following the tBLASTN™ filter):

GenCore 6.0 OneModel application utilizing the Frame+algorithm with the following parameters: model=frame+_p2n.model mode=qglobal -q=protein.sequence -db=nucleotide.sequence. The rest of the parameters are unchanged from the default options described hereinabove.

The query polypeptide sequences were SEQ ID NOs: 182-269 [which are encoded by the polynucleotides SEQ ID NOs:1-88 shown in Table 178 above] and the identified orthologous and homologous sequences having at least 80% global sequence identity are provided in Table 179, below. These homologous genes (e.g., orthologues) are expected to increase plant ABST, yield, seed yield, oil yield, oil content, growth rate, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, root coverage, rosette area, plot coverage, biomass, vigor, WUE and/or NUE of a plant.

TABLE 179 Homologues (e.g., orthologues) of the identified genes/polypeptides for increasing abiotic stress tolerance, water use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, oil content, biomass, growth rate, nitrogen use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency of a plant Hom. Hom. to P.N. to P.P. SEQ % SEQ Gene SEQ ID glob. ID NO: Name cluster name ID NO: NO: Ident. Algor. 298 LGA1 rye|12v1|DRR001012.323154 3651 182 88.3 globlastp 299 LGA1 lolium|13v1|DT670466_P1 3652 182 87 globlastp 300 LGA1 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI3G02190 3653 182 84.8 globlastp 301 LGA1 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003573582_P1 3653 182 84.8 globlastp 302 LGA1 sorghum|13v2|BE917942 3654 182 82.26 glotblastn 303 LGA1 foxtail_millet|13v2|EC612864 3655 182 82.1 glotblastn 304 LGA1 foxtail_millet|14v1|EC612864_T1 3655 182 82.1 glotblastn 305 LGA1 switchgrass|12v1|FL689916 3656 182 82.1 globlastp 306 LGA1 maize|13v2|AI629570_T1 3657 182 80.33 glotblastn 307 LGA2 wheat|12v3|BE414179 3658 183 97.4 globlastp 308 LGA2 rye|12v1|DRR001012.148240 3659 183 95.9 globlastp 309 LGA2 oat|11v1|CN819657 3660 183 91.38 glotblastn 310 LGA2 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI5G09300 3661 183 90.5 globlastp 311 LGA2 brachypodium|14v1|DV475979_P1 3661 183 90.5 globlastp 312 LGA2 millet|10v1|EVO454PM038345_P1 3662 183 88.6 globlastp 313 LGA2 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X172234 3663 183 88.4 globlastp 314 LGA2 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK579185_P1 3663 183 88.4 globlastp 315 LGA2 switchgrass|12v1|FE600798 3664 183 87.3 globlastp 316 LGA2 switchgrass|12v1|FL746019 3665 183 87.3 globlastp 317 LGA2 sugarcane|10v1|CA101792 3666 183 86.9 globlastp 318 LGA2 sorghum|13v2|BG463884 3667 183 86.7 globlastp 319 LGA2 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X174301D1_P1 3668 183 86.2 globlastp 320 LGA2 maize|13v2|AW267412_P1 3669 183 84.7 globlastp 321 LGA2 rice|13v2|AA754266 3670 183 82.6 globlastp 322 LGA6 cacao|13v1|CU504227_P1 3671 184 82.8 globlastp 323 LGA9 heritiera|10v1|SRR005794S0002404_P1 3672 185 91.6 globlastp 324 LGA9 cotton|11v1|BQ410590_P1 3673 185 91.2 globlastp 325 LGA9 clementine|11v1|BE205694_P1 3674 185 90.9 globlastp 326 LGA9 cotton|11v1|AI729046_P1 3675 185 90.9 globlastp 327 LGA9 cotton|11v1|DT460610_P1 3675 185 90.9 globlastp 328 LGA9 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI729046_P1 3675 185 90.9 globlastp 329 LGA9 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01027807001_P1 3676 185 90.9 globlastp 330 LGA9 kiwi|gb166|FG426627_P1 3677 185 90.9 globlastp 331 LGA9 orange|11v1|BE205694_P1 3674 185 90.9 globlastp 332 LGA9 tea|10v1|DN976213 3678 185 90.9 globlastp 333 LGA9 beech|11v1|SRR006293.23297_T1 3679 185 90.21 glotblastn 334 LGA9 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X103970D1_P1 3680 185 90.2 globlastp 335 LGA9 cacao|13v1|CA794551_P1 3681 185 90.2 globlastp 336 LGA9 chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0016251 3680 185 90.2 globlastp 337 LGA9 cotton|11v1|DW486688_P1 3682 185 90.2 globlastp 338 LGA9 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|DQ402081_P1 3683 185 90.2 globlastp 339 LGA9 kiwi|gb166|FG454272_P1 3684 185 90.2 globlastp 340 LGA9 oak|10v1|DB996957_P1 3680 185 90.2 globlastp 341 LGA9 papaya|gb165|EX266243_P1 3685 185 90.2 globlastp 342 LGA9 sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.101397 3686 185 89.51 glotblastn 343 LGA9 eucalyptus|11v2|CT985594_P1 3687 185 89.5 globlastp 344 LGA9 ginseng|13v1|JK985794_P1 3688 185 89.5 globlastp 345 LGA9 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X161078 3689 185 88.81 glotblastn 346 LGA9 aquilegia|10v2|JGIAC006059_P1 3690 185 88.8 globlastp 347 LGA9 cassava|09v1|CK647478_P1 3691 185 88.8 globlastp 348 LGA9 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.311590_P1 3692 185 88.8 globlastp 349 LGA9 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X113569_P1 3693 185 88.8 globlastp 350 LGA9 primula|11v1|SRR098679X121300_P1 3694 185 88.8 globlastp 351 LGA9 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X126417 3695 185 88.8 globlastp 352 LGA9 blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X49566D1_P1 3696 185 88.4 globlastp 353 LGA9 blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X49798D1_P1 3696 185 88.4 globlastp 354 LGA9 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X131715_T1 3697 185 88.11 glotblastn 355 LGA9 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X102074_P1 3698 185 88.1 globlastp 356 LGA9 olea|13v1|SRR014466X15986D1_P1 3699 185 88.1 globlastp 357 LGA9 cassava|09v1|DV456382_P1 3700 185 87.8 globlastp 358 LGA9 kiwi|gb166|FG403301_P1 3701 185 87.6 globlastp 359 LGA9 euphorbia|11v1|DV138926XX2_P1 3702 185 87.4 globlastp 360 LGA9 spurge|gb161|DV138926 3702 185 87.4 globlastp 361 LGA9 poplar|13v1|AI161893_P1 3703 185 87 globlastp 362 LGA9 acacia|10v1|FS584002_P1 3704 185 86.9 globlastp 363 LGA9 nasturtium|11v1|GH165610_P1 3705 185 86.8 globlastp 364 LGA9 blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X88853D1_T1 3706 185 86.71 glotblastn 365 LGA9 cannabis|12v1|JK493672_P1 3707 185 86.7 globlastp 366 LGA9 ipomoea_batatas|10v1|CB330087_P1 3708 185 86.7 globlastp 367 LGA9 blueberry|12v1|SRR353283X29934D1_P1 3709 185 86.2 globlastp 368 LGA9 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X169832_P1 3710 185 86 globlastp 369 LGA9 cannabis|12v1|JK497352_P1 3711 185 86 globlastp 370 LGA9 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01028324001_P1 3712 185 86 globlastp 371 LGA9 prunus_mume|13v1|AJ533276 3713 185 86 globlastp 372 LGA9 prunus|10v1|AJ533276 3713 185 86 globlastp 373 LGA9 ipomoea_batatas|10v1|EE875692_P1 3714 185 85.6 globlastp 374 LGA9 monkeyflower|12v1|GO968079_P1 3715 185 85.6 globlastp 375 LGA9 peanut|13v1|SRR042413X23566_P1 3716 185 85.5 globlastp 376 LGA9 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X20196 3717 185 85.5 globlastp 377 LGA9 peanut|13v1|SRR042413X23566 — 185 85.5 globlastp 378 LGA9 rose|12v1|SRR397984.107788 3718 185 85.3 globlastp 379 LGA9 peanut|13v1|EH043558_P1 3719 185 84.8 globlastp 380 LGA9 amborella|12v3|FD435822_T1 3720 185 84.62 glotblastn 381 LGA9 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X100781_T1 3721 185 84.62 glotblastn 382 LGA9 catharanthus|11v1|EG554720_T1 3722 185 84.62 glotblastn 383 LGA9 chickpea|13v2|SRR133519.99714_T1 3723 185 84.62 glotblastn 384 LGA9 soybean|13v2|GLYMA06G03640 3724 185 84.62 glotblastn 385 LGA9 strawberry|11v1|DV440449 3725 185 84.6 globlastp 386 LGA9 cleome_gynandra|10v1|SRR015532S0003823_P1 3726 185 84.2 globlastp 387 LGA9 amborella|12v3|SRR038644.123058_T1 3727 185 83.92 glotblastn 388 LGA9 chickpea|13v2|GR407527_T1 3728 185 83.92 glotblastn 389 LGA9 peanut|13v1|SRR042421X352010_T1 3729 185 83.92 glotblastn 390 LGA9 banana|14v1|FF557535_P1 3730 185 83.9 globlastp 391 LGA9 banana|12v1|FF557535 3730 185 83.9 globlastp 392 LGA9 iceplant|gb164|BE033912_P1 3731 185 83.9 globlastp 393 LGA9 cleome_spinosa|10v1|SRR015531S0000759_P1 3732 185 83.6 globlastp 394 LGA9 catharanthus|11v1|SRR098691X104078_P1 3733 185 83.4 globlastp 395 LGA9 triphysaria|13v1|EY127719 3734 185 83.4 globlastp 396 LGA9 cannabis|12v1|SOLX00019810_T1 3735 185 83.22 glotblastn 397 LGA9 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.23761_T1 — 185 83.22 glotblastn 398 LGA9 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C221494_P1 3736 185 83.2 globlastp 399 LGA9 chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X103690_P1 3737 185 83.2 globlastp 400 LGA9 clover|gb162|BB920045 3738 185 83.2 globlastp 401 LGA9 eschscholzia|11v1|CD479696_P1 3739 185 83.2 globlastp 402 LGA9 euonymus|11v1|SRR070039X261280_P1 3740 185 83.2 globlastp 403 LGA9 nuphar|gb166|CK749359_P1 3741 185 83.2 globlastp 404 LGA9 silene|11v1|GH291501 3742 185 83.2 globlastp 405 LGA9 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK19C157046_P1 3743 185 83.1 globlastp 406 LGA9 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X127598_P1 3744 185 83.1 globlastp 407 LGA9 soybean|13v2|GLYMA10G32400T3 3745 185 83.1 globlastp 408 LGA9 liquorice|gb171|FS262480_P1 3746 185 83 globlastp 409 LGA9 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB444981_P1 3747 185 82.9 globlastp 410 LGA9 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X134561_P1 3748 185 82.8 globlastp 411 LGA9 ginseng|13v1|DV554591_P1 3749 185 82.8 globlastp 412 LGA9 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.113238_P1 3749 185 82.8 globlastp 413 LGA9 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.132740_P1 3749 185 82.8 globlastp 414 LGA9 potato|10v1|BI406929_P1 3750 185 82.8 globlastp 415 LGA9 sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.101127 3751 185 82.8 globlastp 416 LGA9 sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.120144 3752 185 82.8 globlastp 417 LGA9 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG127977 3750 185 82.8 globlastp 418 LGA9 coffea|10v1|DV665820_P1 3753 185 82.7 globlastp 419 LGA9 oil_palm|11v1|EL691301_T1 3754 185 82.52 glotblastn 420 LGA9 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X105365_P1 3755 185 82.5 globlastp 421 LGA9 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X203567_P1 3756 185 82.5 globlastp 422 LGA9 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.107097_P1 3757 185 82.5 globlastp 423 LGA9 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.180373_P1 3758 185 82.5 globlastp 424 LGA9 poppy|11v1|SRR096789.121313_P1 3757 185 82.5 globlastp 425 LGA9 soybean|13v2|GLYMA20G35190T2 3759 185 82.4 globlastp 426 LGA9 cowpea|12v1|FF387668_P1 3760 185 82.3 globlastp 427 LGA9 medicago|13v1|AW690419_P1 3761 185 82.3 globlastp 428 LGA9 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X117717_P1 3762 185 82.2 globlastp 429 LGA9 liquorice|gb171|FS250353_P1 3763 185 82.2 globlastp 430 LGA9 lotus|09v1|BI419197_P1 3764 185 82.2 globlastp 431 LGA9 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X111113_P1 3765 185 82.2 globlastp 432 LGA9 poplar|13v1|BU809147_P1 3766 185 82.2 globlastp 433 LGA9 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X102309 3767 185 82.2 globlastp 434 LGA9 olea|13v1|SRR014463X23360D1_P1 3768 185 82.1 globlastp 435 LGA9 tomato|13v1|BG127977 3769 185 82.1 globlastp 436 LGA9 cannabis|12v1|EW701684_T1 3770 185 81.82 glotblastn 437 LGA9 oak|10v1|FP051422_T1 3771 185 81.82 glotblastn 438 LGA9 oil_palm|11v1|AF236068_T1 3772 185 81.82 glotblastn 439 LGA9 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X137024 3773 185 81.82 glotblastn 440 LGA9 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X235042 3774 185 81.82 glotblastn 441 LGA9 aquilegia|10v2|JGIAC022563_P1 3775 185 81.8 globlastp 442 LGA9 cowpea|12v1|FF385157_P1 3776 185 81.5 globlastp 443 LGA9 cyamopsis|10v1|EG977119_P1 3777 185 81.5 globlastp 444 LGA9 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X417451_P1 3778 185 81.5 globlastp 445 LGA9 oil_palm|11v1|EL687051XX1_P1 3779 185 81.4 globlastp 446 LGA9 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.151012_T1 3780 185 81.12 glotblastn 447 LGA9 clover|14v1|BB920045_P1 3781 185 81 globlastp 448 LGA9 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C724761_P1 3782 185 81 globlastp 449 LGA9 bean|13v1|CA908001_P1 3783 185 81 globlastp 450 LGA9 bean|13v1|CA898594_P1 3784 185 80.8 globlastp 451 LGA9 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.1046965_P1 3785 185 80.8 globlastp 452 LGA9 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X104521 3786 185 80.8 globlastp 453 LGA9 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1175578_T1 3787 185 80.42 glotblastn 454 LGA9 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB693358_T1 3788 185 80.42 glotblastn 455 LGA9 oil_palm|11v1|EY397399_T1 3789 185 80.42 glotblastn 456 LGA9 poppy|11v1|SRR096789.44671_T1 3790 185 80.14 glotblastn 457 LGA9 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C177886_P1 3791 185 80.1 globlastp 458 LGA9 prunus_mume|13v1|BU045423 3792 185 80.1 globlastp 459 LGA9 prunus|10v1|BU045423 3793 185 80.1 globlastp 460 LGA9 tomato|13v1|BG124624 3794 185 80 globlastp 461 LGA17 rice|13v2|BX898423 3795 186 94.6 globlastp 462 LGA17 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G31580 3796 186 92.8 globlastp 463 LGA17 brachypodium|14v1|DV470431_P1 3796 186 92.8 globlastp 464 LGA17 barley|12v1|BG343162_P1 3797 186 91.9 globlastp 465 LGA17 rye|12v1|DRR001012.104857 3798 186 91.59 glotblastn 466 LGA17 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1604185_P1 3799 186 85.5 globlastp 467 LGA17 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C146426_T1 3800 186 83.04 glotblastn 468 LGA17 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012033041_P1 3801 186 82.1 globlastp 469 LGA17 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012033041 3802 186 81.9 globlastp 470 LGB1 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|DT468691_P1 3803 188 97.1 globlastp 471 LGB1 cotton|11v1|CO105699_P1 3804 188 96.9 globlastp 472 LGB2 millet|10v1|EVO454PM011614_P1 3805 189 99 globlastp 473 LGB2 sugarcane|10v1|CA070526 3806 189 98.1 globlastp 474 LGB2 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X123301D1_P1 3807 189 97.7 globlastp 475 LGB2 sorghum|13v2|AW284757 3808 189 97.7 globlastp 476 LGB2 switchgrass|12v1|DN150738 3809 189 97.7 globlastp 477 LGB2 wheat|12v3|CA484480 3808 189 97.7 globlastp 478 LGB2 echinochloa|14v1|ECHC14V1K23C332763_P1 3810 189 97.4 globlastp 479 LGB2 maize|13v2|AI622103_P1 3811 189 95.8 globlastp 480 LGB2 rice|13v2|BI806930 3812 189 93.2 globlastp 481 LGB2 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G03297 3813 189 92.9 globlastp 482 LGB2 brachypodium|14v1|GT763806_P1 3813 189 92.9 globlastp 483 LGB2 wheat|12v3|BE470860 3814 189 92.9 globlastp 484 LGB2 wheat|12v3|BE500702 3815 189 92.6 globlastp 485 LGB2 oat|14v1|GO591091_P1 3816 189 91.9 globlastp 486 LGB2 oat|14v1|GR332934_P1 3817 189 91.6 globlastp 487 LGB2 oat|14v1|SRR020741X441179D1_P1 3818 189 91.6 globlastp 488 LGB2 lolium|13v1|ERR246395S15839_P1 3819 189 91.6 globlastp 489 LGB2 oat|11v1|GR332934 3818 189 91.6 globlastp 490 LGB2 oat|14v1|ASTE13V1K19C407913_P1 3820 189 91.3 globlastp 491 LGB2 oat|14v1|GR326053_P1 3821 189 91.3 globlastp 492 LGB2 fescue|13v1|DT680215_P1 3822 189 91.3 globlastp 493 LGB2 oat|11v1|GO591091 3821 189 91.3 globlastp 494 LGB2 pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF339965 3823 189 89.4 globlastp 495 LGB2 switchgrass|12v1|GD021700 3824 189 86.77 glotblastn 496 LGB2 castorbean|14v2|EG657378_P1 3825 189 85.8 globlastp 497 LGB2 onion|14v1|CF440313_P1 3826 189 85.8 globlastp 498 LGB2 castorbean|12v1|EG657378 3825 189 85.8 globlastp 499 LGB2 onion|12v1|CF440313 3826 189 85.8 globlastp 500 LGB2 switchgrass|12v1|FL786193 3824 189 85.8 glotblastn 501 LGB2 onion|14v1|SRR073446X157415D1_P1 3827 189 85.5 globlastp 502 LGB2 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C2188440_P1 3828 189 85.5 globlastp 503 LGB2 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X104715D1_P1 3829 189 84.8 globlastp 504 LGB2 chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0071914 3829 189 84.8 globlastp 505 LGB2 clementine|11v1|CO912652_P1 3830 189 84.5 globlastp 506 LGB2 oak|10v1|DB996589_P1 3831 189 84.5 globlastp 507 LGB2 avocado|10v1|CO998766_P1 3832 189 84.2 globlastp 508 LGB2 blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X19444D1_P1 3833 189 84.2 globlastp 509 LGB2 cucumber|09v1|AM723600_P1 3834 189 84.2 globlastp 510 LGB2 melon|10v1|AM723600_P1 3835 189 84.2 globlastp 511 LGB2 oil_palm|11v1|EL691664XX2_P1 3836 189 84.2 globlastp 512 LGB2 cotton|11v1|AI727383_P1 3837 189 83.9 globlastp 513 LGB2 cotton|11v1|AI730373_P1 3837 189 83.9 globlastp 514 LGB2 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI727383_P1 3837 189 83.9 globlastp 515 LGB2 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X136014_T1 3838 189 83.55 glotblastn 516 LGB2 b_oleracea|14v1|BQ791192_P1 3839 189 83.5 globlastp 517 LGB2 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01BQYV7_P1 3840 189 83.5 globlastp 518 LGB2 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01C2JOJ_P1 3841 189 83.5 globlastp 519 LGB2 b_oleracea|gb161|DY028237 3842 189 83.5 globlastp 520 LGB2 cacao|13v1|CU628214_P1 3843 189 83.5 globlastp 521 LGB2 canola|11v1|EE451354_P1 3840 189 83.5 globlastp 522 LGB2 canola|11v1|EE480343_P1 3841 189 83.5 globlastp 523 LGB2 eschscholzia|11v1|SRR014116.111013_P1 3844 189 83.5 globlastp 524 LGB2 soybean|13v2|GLYMA02G44090T3 3845 189 83.5 globlastp 525 LGB2 chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X106485_T1 3846 189 83.23 glotblastn 526 LGB2 b_rapa|11v1|H07328_P1 3847 189 83.2 globlastp 527 LGB2 cassava|09v1|DV447317_P1 3848 189 83.2 globlastp 528 LGB2 cotton|11v1|CO081682_P1 3849 189 83.2 globlastp 529 LGB2 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11466322_P1 3850 189 83.2 globlastp 530 LGB2 eggplant|10v1|FS033305_P1 3851 189 83.2 globlastp 531 LGB2 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X219013_P1 3852 189 83.2 globlastp 532 LGB2 radish|gb164|EW713768 3853 189 83.2 globlastp 533 LGB2 radish|gb164|EX749849 3853 189 83.2 globlastp 534 LGB2 radish|gb164|EX753440 3854 189 83.2 globlastp 535 LGB2 sesame|12v1|SESI12V1409139 3855 189 83.2 globlastp 536 LGB2 plantago|11v2|SRR066373X131265XX1_P1 3856 189 83 globlastp 537 LGB2 banana|14v1|FL666977_P1 3857 189 82.9 globlastp 538 LGB2 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|AA394495_P1 3858 189 82.9 globlastp 539 LGB2 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X242284_T1 3859 189 82.9 glotblastn 540 LGB2 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063689X186569_P1 3860 189 82.9 globlastp 541 LGB2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149242.105952_P1 3861 189 82.9 globlastp 542 LGB2 humulus|11v1|SRR098683X107381_P1 3862 189 82.9 globlastp 543 LGB2 kiwi|gb166|FG409288_P1 3863 189 82.9 globlastp 544 LGB2 poplar|13v1|BU816550_P1 3864 189 82.9 globlastp 545 LGB2 poppy|11v1|FG608985_P1 3865 189 82.9 globlastp 546 LGB2 poppy|11v1|SRR096789.136039_T1 3866 189 82.9 glotblastn 547 LGB2 radish|gb164|EV535186 3867 189 82.9 globlastp 548 LGB2 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X13108 3868 189 82.9 globlastp 549 LGB2 watermelon|11v1|AM723600 3869 189 82.9 globlastp 550 LGB2 bean|13v1|SRR001334X194966_P1 3870 189 82.6 globlastp 551 LGB2 catharanthus|11v1|SRR098691X103212_P1 3871 189 82.6 globlastp 552 LGB2 cleome_gynandra|10v1|SRR015532S0095562_P1 3872 189 82.6 globlastp 553 LGB2 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11471030_P1 3873 189 82.6 globlastp 554 LGB2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.169887_P1 3874 189 82.6 globlastp 555 LGB2 ipomoea_nil|10v1|BJ565705_P1 3875 189 82.6 globlastp 556 LGB2 prunus_mume|13v1|BU044801 3876 189 82.6 globlastp 557 LGB2 soybean|13v2|GLYMA14G04780 3877 189 82.6 globlastp 558 LGB2 tomato|13v1|BG626603 3878 189 82.6 globlastp 559 LGB2 clover|14v1|BB906163_P1 3879 189 82.3 globlastp 560 LGB2 arabidopsis|13v2|AT3G55360_P1 3880 189 82.3 globlastp 561 LGB2 banana|12v1|FL666977 3881 189 82.3 globlastp 562 LGB2 cleome_spinosa|10v1|GR934171_P1 3882 189 82.3 globlastp 563 LGB2 eucalyptus|11v2|CU395611_P1 3883 189 82.3 globlastp 564 LGB2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.207327_P1 3884 189 82.3 globlastp 565 LGB2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.309367_P1 3885 189 82.3 globlastp 566 LGB2 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01016549001_P1 3886 189 82.3 globlastp 567 LGB2 medicago|13v1|AL374087_P1 3887 189 82.3 globlastp 568 LGB2 parthenium|10v1|GW778082_P1 3888 189 82.3 globlastp 569 LGB2 prunus|10v1|BU044801 3889 189 82.3 globlastp 570 LGB2 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X607781 3890 189 82.3 globlastp 571 LGB2 sunflower|12v1|DY914176 3891 189 82.3 globlastp 572 LGB2 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|BY805356 3892 189 82.3 globlastp 573 LGB2 beet|12v1|BI073163_P1 3893 189 82 globlastp 574 LGB2 banana|14v1|FL665169_P1 3894 189 81.9 globlastp 575 LGB2 cannabis|12v1|SOLX00002886_P1 3895 189 81.9 globlastp 576 LGB2 cannabis|12v1|SOLX00020756_P1 3895 189 81.9 globlastp 577 LGB2 cowpea|12v1|FF383909_P1 3896 189 81.9 globlastp 578 LGB2 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V1291491_P1 3897 189 81.9 globlastp 579 LGB2 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|DQ000300_P1 3898 189 81.9 globlastp 580 LGB2 olea|13v1|SRR014464X17760D1_P1 3899 189 81.9 globlastp 581 LGB2 poplar|13v1|BU834422_P1 3900 189 81.9 globlastp 582 LGB2 primula|11v1|SRR098679X101259_P1 3901 189 81.9 globlastp 583 LGB2 quinoa|13v2|SRR315570X476336 3902 189 81.9 globlastp 584 LGB2 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG626603 3903 189 81.9 globlastp 585 LGB2 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|BY805356 3904 189 81.9 globlastp 586 LGB2 tobacco|gb162|DW001511 3905 189 81.9 globlastp 587 LGB2 centaurea|11v1|EH726764_P1 3906 189 81.7 globlastp 588 LGB2 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X10361 3907 189 81.7 globlastp 589 LGB2 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X10897XX1 3908 189 81.61 glotblastn 590 LGB2 lotus|09v1|LLAV414544_P1 3909 189 81.6 globlastp 591 LGB2 olea|13v1|SRR014464X39911D1_P1 3910 189 81.6 globlastp 592 LGB2 spruce|11v1|ES256255 3911 189 81.6 globlastp 593 LGB2 spruce|11v1|ES853090 3911 189 81.6 globlastp 594 LGB2 spruce|11v1|EX333821 3911 189 81.6 globlastp 595 LGB2 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X117679 3912 189 81.6 globlastp 596 LGB2 barley|12v1|BE438915_T1 3913 189 81.4 glotblastn 597 LGB2 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1008569_P1 3914 189 81.4 globlastp 598 LGB2 zostera|12v1|AM766030 3915 189 81.35 glotblastn 599 LGB2 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.102265_P1 3916 189 81.3 globlastp 600 LGB2 eschscholzia|11v1|SRR014116.107656_P1 3917 189 81.3 globlastp 601 LGB2 pine|10v2|AI919870_P1 3918 189 81.3 globlastp 602 LGB2 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.228079XX1_T1 3919 189 81.29 glotblastn 603 LGB2 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.108104_T1 3920 189 81.29 glotblastn 604 LGB2 banana|12v1|FL665169 3921 189 81 globlastp 605 LGB2 maritime_pine|10v1|BX677365_P1 3922 189 81 globlastp 606 LGB2 oak|10v1|FN711907_P1 3923 189 81 globlastp 607 LGB2 petunia|gb171|CV293305_P1 3924 189 81 globlastp 608 LGB2 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X123540_P1 3925 189 81 globlastp 609 LGB2 potato|10v1|BF053187_P1 3926 189 81 globlastp 610 LGB2 rhizophora|10v1|SRR005792S0006315 3927 189 81 globlastp 611 LGB2 sunflower|12v1|DY950520 3928 189 81 globlastp 612 LGB2 abies|11v2|SRR098676X123645_T1 3929 189 80.97 glotblastn 613 LGB2 clover|14v1|BB915821_P1 3930 189 80.7 globlastp 614 LGB2 centaurea|11v1|EH747309_P1 3931 189 80.7 globlastp 615 LGB2 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1005506_P1 3932 189 80.7 globlastp 616 LGB2 cirsium|11v1|SRR349641.101468_P1 3933 189 80.7 globlastp 617 LGB2 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1489572_T1 3934 189 80.65 glotblastn 618 LGB2 aquilegia|10v2|DR922280_P1 3935 189 80.6 globlastp 619 LGB2 aristolochia|10v1|SRR039082S0203402_P1 3936 189 80.6 globlastp 620 LGB2 cedrus|11v1|SRR065007X118000_P1 3937 189 80.6 globlastp 621 LGB2 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.110479_P1 3938 189 80.6 globlastp 622 LGB2 coffea|10v1|DV684030_P1 3939 189 80.6 globlastp 623 LGB2 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.112973_P1 3940 189 80.6 globlastp 624 LGB2 poppy|11v1|SRR096789.116141_P1 3941 189 80.6 globlastp 625 LGB2 pseudotsuga|10v1|SRR065119S0031565 3942 189 80.6 globlastp 626 LGB2 rose|12v1|BQ105663 3943 189 80.6 globlastp 627 LGB2 strawberry|11v1|DY668545 3944 189 80.6 globlastp 628 LGB2 sunflower|12v1|BQ967072 3945 189 80.6 globlastp 629 LGB2 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X121531 3946 189 80.6 globlastp 630 LGB2 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X103673 3947 189 80.6 globlastp 631 LGB2 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X57552D1_P1 3948 189 80.4 globlastp 632 LGB2 centaurea|11v1|EH735837_P1 3949 189 80.4 globlastp 633 LGB2 centaurea|11v1|SRR346938.101084_P1 3950 189 80.4 globlastp 634 LGB2 tragopogon|10v1|SRR020205S0003822 3951 189 80.39 glotblastn 635 LGB2 thalictrum|11v1|SRR096787X143405 3952 189 80.32 glotblastn 636 LGB2 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039411X126944D1_P1 3953 189 80.3 globlastp 637 LGB2 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X105110_P1 3954 189 80.3 globlastp 638 LGB2 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X110708_P1 3955 189 80.3 globlastp 639 LGB2 chickpea|13v2|AJ515556_P1 3956 189 80.3 globlastp 640 LGB2 ginseng|13v1|GR874665_P1 3957 189 80.3 globlastp 641 LGB2 peanut|13v1|CD038149_P1 3958 189 80.3 globlastp 642 LGB2 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X121851 3959 189 80.3 globlastp 643 LGB2 centaurea|11v1|SRR346938.103317_P1 3960 189 80.1 globlastp 644 LGB2 lupin|13v4|SRR520490.22558_P1 3961 189 80.1 globlastp 645 LGB2 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X100872D1_P1 3962 189 80 globlastp 646 LGB2 bupleurum|11v1|SRR301254.100686_P1 3963 189 80 globlastp 647 LGB2 cotton|11v1|CO112046_P1 3964 189 80 globlastp 648 LGB2 distylium|11v1|SRR065077X144417_P1 3965 189 80 globlastp 649 LGB4 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X158282D1_T1 3966 190 86.27 glotblastn 650 LGB4 sugarcane|10v1|CF571414 3967 190 82.9 globlastp 651 LGB4 maize|13v2|AW399864_T1 3968 190 80.67 glotblastn 652 LGB4 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X263108D1_P1 3969 190 80.3 globlastp 653 LGB4 sorghum|13v2|CD431363 3970 190 80.3 globlastp 654 LGB5 sorghum|13v2|AW283408 3971 191 84.5 globlastp 654 MGP22 sorghum|13v2|AW283408 3971 251 86.4 globlastp 655 LGB5 switchgrass|12v1|SRR187766.583515 3972 191 82.9 globlastp 656 LGB7 sorghum|13v2|BF655932 3973 192 90.7 globlastp 657 LGB7 maize|13v2|AI621781_P1 3974 192 86.2 globlastp 658 LGB7 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X124181 3975 192 86 globlastp 659 LGB7 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK567361_P1 3976 192 86 globlastp 660 LGB7 wheat|12v3|CK209067 3977 192 81.9 globlastp 661 LGB7 rye|12v1|DRR001012.103060 3978 192 81.8 globlastp 662 LGB7 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI5G24267 3979 192 80.7 globlastp 663 LGB7 brachypodium|14v1|GT760554_P1 3979 192 80.7 globlastp 664 LGB7 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI3G31487 3980 192 80.5 globlastp 665 LGB7 brachypodium|14v1|GT765915_P1 3980 192 80.5 globlastp 666 LGB8 sorghum|13v2|BE919051 3981 193 88.8 globlastp 667 LGB8 maize|13v2|AW054442_P1 3982 193 83.6 globlastp 668 LGB8 switchgrass|12v1|SRR187766.111287 3983 193 82.9 globlastp 669 LGB9 foxtail_millet|13v2|EC611984 3984 194 93.5 globlastp 670 LGB9 foxtail_millet|14v1|EC611984_P1 3984 194 93.5 globlastp 671 LGB9 sorghum|13v2|AW283387 3985 194 92.9 globlastp 672 LGB9 maize|13v2|AI783379_P1 3986 194 92.7 globlastp 673 LGB9 maize|13v2|AI920551_P1 3987 194 92.5 globlastp 674 LGB9 switchgrass|12v1|DN152496 3988 194 91.4 globlastp 675 LGB9 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G46610 3989 194 89.9 globlastp 676 LGB9 brachypodium|14v1|GT803861_P1 3989 194 89.9 globlastp 677 LGB9 rye|12v1|BF429299 3990 194 89.9 globlastp 678 LGB9 oat|14v1|GO593396_P1 3991 194 89.5 globlastp 679 LGB9 oat|14v1|GR355594_P1 3991 194 89.5 globlastp 680 LGB9 millet|10v1|EVO454PM019518_P1 3992 194 89.1 globlastp 681 LGB9 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012028869_P1 3993 194 86.7 globlastp 682 LGB9 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012028869 3993 194 86.7 globlastp 683 LGB9 banana|14v1|ES433243_P1 3994 194 86 globlastp 684 LGB9 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X561588_P1 3995 194 85.9 globlastp 685 LGB9 coconut|14v1|KC140145_P1 3996 194 85.5 globlastp 686 LGB9 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1090001_P1 3997 194 85.2 globlastp 687 LGB9 oil_palm|11v1|DW248456_P1 3998 194 85.2 globlastp 688 LGB9 oil_palm|11v1|SRR190698.10356_P1 3999 194 84.8 globlastp 689 LGB9 switchgrass|12v1|FE643490 4000 194 84.71 glotblastn 690 LGB9 banana|12v1|ES433243 4001 194 84.7 globlastp 691 LGB9 rice|13v2|BE040060 4002 194 84.6 globlastp 692 LGB9 onion|14v1|BQ580234_T1 4003 194 84.3 glotblastn 693 LGB9 onion|14v1|CF442013_P1 4004 194 84.3 globlastp 694 LGB9 onion|14v1|CF441228_P1 4005 194 84.1 globlastp 695 LGB9 eucalyptus|11v2|AJ627672_P1 4006 194 84.1 globlastp 696 LGB9 oat|11v1|GO593396 4007 194 83.9 globlastp 697 LGB9 onion|14v1|CF434474_P1 4008 194 83.7 globlastp 698 LGB9 rye|12v1|DRR001012.560312 4009 194 83.3 globlastp 699 LGB9 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1815537_P1 4010 194 82.8 globlastp 700 LGB9 lolium|13v1|GR522531_P1 4011 194 82.6 globlastp 701 LGB9 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X112728_P1 4012 194 82.6 globlastp 702 LGB9 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X316455 4013 194 82.43 glotblastn 703 LGB9 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK552124_T1 4013 194 82.43 glotblastn 704 LGB9 aristolochia|10v1|FD748373_P1 4014 194 82.4 globlastp 705 LGB9 barley|12v1|BG344276_P1 4015 194 82.4 globlastp 706 LGB9 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01021425001_P1 4016 194 82.3 globlastp 707 LGB9 triphysaria|13v1|DR169504 4017 194 82.15 glotblastn 708 LGB9 soybean|13v2|GLYMA05G25970 4018 194 82 globlastp 709 LGB9 wheat|12v3|CA745967 4019 194 82 globlastp 710 LGB9 cowpea|12v1|FC458818_P1 4020 194 81.9 globlastp 711 LGB9 watermelon|11v1|AM726352 4021 194 81.76 glotblastn 712 LGB9 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C106946_T1 4022 194 81.72 glotblastn 713 LGB9 cucumber|09v1|DN596201_T1 4023 194 81.72 glotblastn 714 LGB9 bean|13v1|CA900184_P1 4024 194 81.7 globlastp 715 LGB9 jatropha|09v1|DQ987699_P1 4025 194 81.7 globlastp 716 LGB9 poplar|13v1|BI130625_P1 4026 194 81.7 globlastp 717 LGB9 soybean|13v2|GLYMA08G08910 4027 194 81.7 globlastp 718 LGB9 lotus|09v1|BW597832_P1 4028 194 81.6 globlastp 719 LGB9 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|FG189814_P1 4029 194 81.6 globlastp 720 LGB9 peanut|13v1|ES721205_P1 4030 194 81.6 globlastp 721 LGB9 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|AJ718354_P1 4031 194 81.5 globlastp 722 LGB9 phyla|11v2|SRR099035X132186_T1 4032 194 81.47 glotblastn 723 LGB9 chickpea|13v2|FE669898_P1 4033 194 81.4 globlastp 724 LGB9 cleome_spinosa|10v1|GR934069_P1 4034 194 81.3 globlastp 725 LGB9 clover|14v1|BB927530_T1 4035 194 81.22 glotblastn 726 LGB9 clover|14v1|FY460795_P1 4036 194 81.2 globlastp 727 LGB9 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI5G11060 4037 194 81.2 globlastp 728 LGB9 brachypodium|14v1|GT790718_P1 4037 194 81.2 globlastp 729 LGB9 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X102874_P1 4038 194 81.2 globlastp 730 LGB9 ginseng|13v1|HS079737_P1 4039 194 81.2 globlastp 731 LGB9 medicago|13v1|AL378304_P1 4040 194 81.2 globlastp 732 LGB9 sunflower|12v1|CD852009 4041 194 81.2 globlastp 733 LGB9 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X104124 4042 194 81.2 globlastp 734 LGB9 oil_palm|11v1|SRR190698.106222_T1 4043 194 81.18 glotblastn 735 LGB9 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039408X4252D1_P1 4044 194 81.1 globlastp 736 LGB9 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11796538_P1 4045 194 81.1 globlastp 737 LGB9 tobacco|gb162|AJ718354 4046 194 81.1 globlastp 738 LGB9 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X139376_T1 4047 194 81.08 glotblastn 739 LGB9 ginseng|13v1|SRR547984.106786_P1 4048 194 81 globlastp 740 LGB9 ginseng|13v1|SRR547985.217352_P1 4049 194 81 globlastp 741 LGB9 cotton|11v1|BF277590XX2_P1 4050 194 80.9 globlastp 742 LGB9 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11309529_P1 4051 194 80.9 globlastp 743 LGB9 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.1001124_P1 4052 194 80.9 globlastp 744 LGB9 zostera|12v1|AM767290 4053 194 80.9 globlastp 745 LGB9 poppy|11v1|FG608024_T1 4054 194 80.86 glotblastn 746 LGB9 poppy|11v1|SRR030260.21554_T1 4055 194 80.86 glotblastn 747 LGB9 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.126641_P1 4056 194 80.8 globlastp 748 LGB9 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.216495_P1 4057 194 80.8 globlastp 749 LGB9 ginseng|13v1|SRR547985.409495_P1 4058 194 80.8 globlastp 750 LGB9 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X113265 4059 194 80.77 glotblastn 751 LGB9 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X496040 4060 194 80.76 glotblastn 752 LGB9 olea|13v1|SRR014463X11417D1_T1 4061 194 80.73 glotblastn 753 LGB9 cotton|11v1|AI726385_P1 4062 194 80.7 globlastp 754 LGB9 triphysaria|13v1|CB815353 4063 194 80.7 globlastp 755 LGB9 cotton|11v1|AI730805_P1 4064 194 80.6 globlastp 756 LGB9 prunus|10v1|BU041212 4065 194 80.6 globlastp 757 LGB9 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAI491045 4066 194 80.6 globlastp 758 LGB9 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K19C1351082_T1 4067 194 80.51 glotblastn 759 LGB9 chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0014978 4068 194 80.51 glotblastn 760 LGB9 castorbean|14v2|T14995_P1 4069 194 80.5 globlastp 761 LGB9 castorbean|12v1|T14995 4069 194 80.5 globlastp 762 LGB9 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.14736_P1 4070 194 80.5 globlastp 763 LGB9 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI726385_P1 4071 194 80.5 globlastp 764 LGB9 spurge|gb161|BG409423 4072 194 80.5 globlastp 765 LGB9 pine|10v2|AW064728_T1 4073 194 80.43 glotblastn 766 LGB9 cassava|09v1|DB927366_P1 4074 194 80.4 globlastp 767 LGB9 orange|11v1|CB290363_P1 4075 194 80.4 globlastp 768 LGB9 sunflower|12v1|DY910493 4076 194 80.4 globlastp 769 LGB9 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X103485 4077 194 80.4 globlastp 770 LGB9 beech|11v1|SRR006293.20370_T1 4078 194 80.38 glotblastn 771 LGB9 catharanthus|11v1|SRR098691X109498_T1 4079 194 80.38 glotblastn 772 LGB9 cichorium|gb171|EH680465 4080 194 80.38 glotblastn 773 LGB9 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X242408D1_T1 4081 194 80.34 glotblastn 774 LGB9 cichorium|14v1|DT213723_P1 4082 194 80.3 globlastp 775 LGB9 artemisia|10v1|EY032970_P1 4083 194 80.3 globlastp 776 LGB9 canola|11v1|ES954643_P1 4084 194 80.3 globlastp 777 LGB9 cotton|11v1|CO094295_P1 4085 194 80.3 globlastp 778 LGB9 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI730805_P1 4086 194 80.3 globlastp 779 LGB9 monkeyflower|12v1|DV207158_P1 4087 194 80.3 globlastp 780 LGB9 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG123801 4088 194 80.3 globlastp 781 LGB9 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11375119_T1 4089 194 80.22 glotblastn 782 LGB9 clementine|11v1|CB290363_P1 4090 194 80.2 globlastp 783 LGB9 medicago|13v1|AW689388_P1 4091 194 80.2 globlastp 784 LGB9 orobanche|10v1|SRR023189S0013409_P1 4092 194 80.2 globlastp 785 LGB9 poplar|13v1|BI131706_P1 4093 194 80.2 globlastp 786 LGB9 prunus_mume|13v1|BU041212 4094 194 80.2 globlastp 787 LGB9 phalaenopsis|11v1|SRR125771.1002713_T1 4095 194 80.13 glotblastn 788 LGB9 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C306954_P1 4096 194 80.1 globlastp 789 LGB9 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346943.115045_T1 4097 194 80.08 glotblastn 790 LGB9 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.445535_T1 4098 194 80.04 glotblastn 791 LGB9 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039411X113602D1_T1 4099 194 80 glotblastn 792 LGB9 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X111923D1_P1 4100 194 80 globlastp 793 LGB9 cichorium|14v1|EH680465_P1 4101 194 80 globlastp 794 LGB9 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1021428_P1 4102 194 80 globlastp 795 LGB9 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1056326_P1 4103 194 80 globlastp 796 LGB9 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C127022_P1 4103 194 80 globlastp 797 LGB9 parsley|14v1|BSS13K19C372554_P1 4102 194 80 globlastp 798 LGB9 cannabis|12v1|GR221287_P1 4104 194 80 globlastp 799 LGB9 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.150049_P1 4105 194 80 globlastp 800 LGB9 eschscholzia|11v1|SRR014116.104441_T1 4106 194 80 glotblastn 801 LGB9 euphorbia|11v1|DV155575_P1 4107 194 80 globlastp 802 LGB9 melon|10v1|AM726352_P1 4108 194 80 globlastp 803 LGB9 strawberry|11v1|EX660547 4109 194 80 globlastp 804 LGB9 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|BY819573 4110 194 80 globlastp 805 LGB9 tomato|13v1|AI491045 4111 194 80 globlastp 806 LGB10 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI3G54890 4112 195 81.9 globlastp 807 LGB10 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003570290_P1 4112 195 81.9 globlastp 808 LGB10 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X135383 4113 195 81.5 globlastp 809 LGB10 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004954258_P1 4113 195 81.5 globlastp 810 LGB10 switchgrass|12v1|FL689468 4114 195 80.4 globlastp 811 LGB10 switchgrass|12v1|FL697680 4115 195 80.2 globlastp 812 LGB11 rice|13v2|GFXAC082645X5 4116 196 97.6 globlastp 813 LGB11 rice|13v2|AU031660 4117 196 97.1 globlastp 814 LGB11 rye|12v1|DRR001012.108079 4118 196 94.4 globlastp 815 LGB11 sorghum|13v2|AW285122 4119 196 93.9 globlastp 816 LGB11 oat|14v1|GO588509_P1 4120 196 93.8 globlastp 817 LGB11 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X104286 4121 196 93.7 globlastp 818 LGB11 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK588794_P1 4121 196 93.7 globlastp 819 LGB11 millet|10v1|EVO454PM003323_P1 4122 196 93.4 globlastp 820 LGB11 maize|13v2|AI920735_P1 4123 196 93.1 globlastp 821 LGB11 maize|13v2|AI621993_P1 4124 196 92.9 globlastp 822 LGB11 sorghum|13v2|AW282672 4125 196 92.6 globlastp 823 LGB11 maize|13v2|AW181142_P1 4126 196 91 globlastp 824 LGB11 barley|12v1|AV835355_P1 4127 196 90.8 globlastp 825 LGB11 oat|14v1|GO589703_P1 4128 196 90.4 globlastp 826 LGB11 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G78470 4129 196 89.9 globlastp 827 LGB11 brachypodium|14v1|DV470451_P1 4129 196 89.9 globlastp 828 LGB11 barley|12v1|AW982621_P1 4130 196 89.7 globlastp 829 LGB11 rye|12v1|DRR001012.206919 4131 196 89.7 globlastp 830 LGB11 wheat|12v3|BE414869 4132 196 89.6 globlastp 831 LGB11 oat|14v1|SRR020741X122227D1_P1 4133 196 89.5 globlastp 832 LGB11 oat|14v1|SRRG20741X277106D1_P1 4134 196 89.5 globlastp 833 LGB11 rye|12v1|DRR001012.10347 4135 196 89.5 glotblastn 834 LGB11 rye|12v1|DRR001012.113807 4136 196 89.42 glotblastn 835 LGB11 oat|14v1|SRR020741X146372D1_P1 4137 196 89.4 globlastp 836 LGB11 oat|14v1|SRR020741X265793D1_P1 4137 196 89.4 globlastp 837 LGB11 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G55640 4138 196 89.3 globlastp 838 LGB11 brachypodium|14v1|GT797955_P1 4138 196 89.3 globlastp 839 LGB11 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X103429 4139 196 89 globlastp 840 LGB11 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK589021_P1 4139 196 89 globlastp 841 LGB11 rye|12v1|DRR001012.194472 4140 196 87.4 globlastp 842 LGB11 oat|14v1|SRR020741X101742D1_P1 4141 196 87.3 globlastp 843 LGB11 wheat|12v3|CA499195 4142 196 87.3 globlastp 844 LGB11 rye|12v1|DRR001012.118220 4143 196 86.2 globlastp 845 LGB11 oil_palm|11v1|ES370575_P1 4144 196 84.5 globlastp 846 LGB11 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C2376526_P1 4145 196 83.8 globlastp 847 LGB11 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1057750_P1 4146 196 83.7 globlastp 848 LGB11 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012007197 4147 196 83.4 globlastp 849 LGB11 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C173735_P1 4148 196 83.3 globlastp 850 LGB11 oil_palm|11v1|EY408029_P1 4149 196 83.3 globlastp 851 LGB11 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1059752_T1 4150 196 82.76 glotblastn 852 LGB11 oil_palm|11v1|SRR190698.11738_P1 4151 196 82.7 globlastp 853 LGB11 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1162589_T1 4150 196 82.68 glotblastn 854 LGB11 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012015554_P1 4152 196 82.6 globlastp 855 LGB11 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012015554 4153 196 82.5 globlastp 856 LGB11 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X207130_P1 4154 196 82.3 globlastp 857 LGB11 wheat|12v3|BG262442 4155 196 82 globlastp 858 LGB11 banana|14v1|ES431444_P1 4156 196 81.9 globlastp 859 LGB11 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012024231_P1 4157 196 81.9 globlastp 860 LGB11 orange|11v1|CK937614_P1 4158 196 81.7 globlastp 861 LGB11 banana|12v1|ES431444 4159 196 81.7 globlastp 862 LGB11 clementine|11v1|CK937614_P1 4160 196 81.7 globlastp 863 LGB11 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012024231 4161 196 81.5 globlastp 864 LGB11 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X118642D1_P1 4162 196 81.2 globlastp 865 LGB11 onion|14v1|CF440084_P1 4163 196 81.1 globlastp 866 LGB11 amborella|12v3|FD435628_P1 4164 196 81 globlastp 867 LGB11 eucalyptus|11v2|CD668418_P1 4165 196 81 globlastp 868 LGB11 poplar|13v1|BI068807_P1 4166 196 81 globlastp 869 LGB11 poplar|13v1|CA825118_P1 4167 196 80.9 globlastp 870 LGB11 prunus|10v1|CN861660 4168 196 80.8 globlastp 871 LGB11 castorbean|14v2|EG660426_P1 4169 196 80.6 globlastp 872 LGB11 chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X101015_P1 4170 196 80.6 globlastp 873 LGB11 castorbean|12v1|EG660426 4169 196 80.6 globlastp 874 LGB11 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01009813001_P1 4171 196 80.5 globlastp 875 LGB11 cassava|09v1|CK645826_P1 4172 196 80.4 globlastp 876 LGB11 aristolochia|10v1|FD757029_P1 4173 196 80.3 globlastp 877 LGB11 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI725568_P1 4174 196 80.3 globlastp 878 LGB11 cotton|11v1|AI728344_P1 4175 196 80.2 globlastp 879 LGB11 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI728344_P1 4176 196 80.2 globlastp 880 LGB11 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI726992_P1 4177 196 80.1 globlastp 881 LGB11 euphorbia|11v1|DV125161_P1 4178 196 80.1 globlastp 882 LGB11 cacao|13v1|CU477558_P1 4179 196 80 globlastp 883 LGB11 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.582933_T1 4180 196 80 glotblastn 884 LGB11 cotton|11v1|AI725568_P1 4181 196 80 globlastp 885 LGB14 maize|13v2|T12533_P1 4182 197 95 globlastp 886 LGB14 switchgrass|12v1|DN144186 4183 197 94.1 globlastp 887 LGB14 switchgrass|12v1|FE646331 4184 197 93.8 globlastp 888 LGB14 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X103342 4185 197 92.3 globlastp 889 LGB14 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK552250_P1 4185 197 92.3 globlastp 890 LGB14 rice|13v2|AI978328 4186 197 87.4 globlastp 891 LGB14 rice|13v2|BI807149 4187 197 87.1 globlastp 892 LGB14 rye|12v1|DRR001012.181565 4188 197 86.3 globlastp 893 LGB14 oat|11v1|GR313122XX2 4189 197 86.1 globlastp 894 LGB14 wheat|12v3|BQ170811 4190 197 85.9 globlastp 895 LGB14 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G30730 4191 197 85.6 globlastp 896 LGB14 brachypodium|14v1|DV478682_P1 4191 197 85.6 globlastp 897 LGB14 wheat|12v3|BE606581 4192 197 84.88 glotblastn 898 LGB14 rye|12v1|DRR001012.537387 4193 197 82.41 glotblastn 899 LGB14 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X117115 4194 197 82.4 globlastp 900 LGB14 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK556754_P1 4194 197 82.4 globlastp 901 LGB14 maize|13v2|BG836547_P1 4195 197 82.4 globlastp 902 LGB14 rye|12v1|DRR001012.110057 4196 197 82.19 glotblastn 903 LGB14 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI3G06170T2 4197 197 82 globlastp 904 LGB14 brachypodium|14v1|DV487859_P1 4197 197 82 globlastp 905 LGB14 pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF341321 4198 197 81.9 globlastp 906 LGB14 switchgrass|12v1|FL741463 4199 197 81.8 globlastp 907 LGB14 barley|12v1|Y13191_P1 4200 197 81.7 globlastp 908 LGB14 sugarcane|10v1|CA138251 4201 197 81.2 globlastp 909 LGB14 sorghum|13v2|CD235161 4202 197 80.9 globlastp 910 LGB14 switchgrass|12v1|FL720181 4203 197 80.9 globlastp 911 LGB14 leymus|gb166|CD808797_P1 4204 197 80.7 globlastp 912 LGB14 maize|13v2|AW787558_P1 4205 197 80.5 globlastp 913 LGB15 switchgrass|12v1|FL787212 4206 198 90.7 globlastp 914 LGB15 maize|13v2|BM348982_P1 4207 198 90 globlastp 915 LGB15 maize|13v2|DR812863_P1 4208 198 89.1 globlastp 916 LGB15 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X119181 4209 198 88.4 globlastp 917 LGB15 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004981350_P1 4209 198 88.4 globlastp 918 LGB15 sorghum|13v2|SB13V2CRP000542 4210 198 82.04 glotblastn 919 LGB15 rice|13v2|BI813156 4211 198 80.9 globlastp 920 LGB16 sugarcane|10v1|CA143410 4212 199 87.2 globlastp 921 LGB16 maize|13v2|AW424866_P1 4213 199 86.2 globlastp 922 LGB16 switchgrass|12v1|DN144149 4214 199 86.2 globlastp 923 LGB16 foxtail_millet|14v1|GT091079_P1 4215 199 85.3 globlastp 924 LGB16 foxtail_millet|13v2|GT091079 4215 199 85.3 globlastp 925 LGB16 millet|10v1|CD725513_P1 4216 199 85.3 globlastp 926 LGB16 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X129750D1_P1 4217 199 84.4 globlastp 927 LGB16 cynodon|10v1|ES304257_P1 4218 199 83.5 globlastp 928 LGB16 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X52150D1_P1 4219 199 82.6 globlastp 929 LGB16 rice|13v2|BM420124 4220 199 82.6 globlastp 930 LGB16 rye|12v1|DRR001014.139350 4221 199 81.65 glotblastn 931 LGB18 wheat|12v3|BE402745 4222 200 99.23 glotblastn 932 LGB18 rye|12v1|DRR001012.274755 4223 200 97.94 glotblastn 933 LGB18 rye|12v1|BE587450 4224 200 96.91 glotblastn 934 LGB18 rye|12v1|DRR001012.171784 4225 200 96.91 glotblastn 935 LGB18 lolium|13v1|SRR029314X10932_T1 4226 200 96.65 glotblastn 936 LGB18 oat|14v1|SRR020741X217379D1_T1 4227 200 96.39 glotblastn 937 LGB18 lolium|13v1|AU249702_T1 4228 200 96.39 glotblastn 938 LGB18 oat|14v1|G0589750_T1 4229 200 96.13 glotblastn 939 LGB18 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G03740 4230 200 95.36 glotblastn 940 LGB18 brachypodium|14v1|DV469839_T1 4230 200 95.36 glotblastn 941 LGB18 switchgrass|12v1|FL784116 4231 200 93.56 glotblastn 942 LGB18 rice|13v2|BI806200 4232 200 93.04 glotblastn 943 LGB18 leymus|gb166|EG391678_P1 4233 200 92.9 globlastp 944 LGB18 foxtail_millet|13v2|EC612616 4234 200 92.78 glotblastn 945 LGB18 foxtail_millet|14v1|EC612616_T1 4234 200 92.78 glotblastn 946 LGB18 switchgrass|12v1|FE633182 4235 200 92.78 glotblastn 947 LGB18 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X138229D1_T1 4236 200 92.53 glotblastn 948 LGB18 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X143988D1_T1 4237 200 92.53 glotblastn 949 LGB18 millet|10v1|EVO454PM003485_T1 4238 200 92.27 glotblastn 950 LGB18 wheat|12v3|BQ170768 4239 200 92.2 globlastp 951 LGB18 maize|13v2|AI855283_T1 4240 200 92.01 glotblastn 952 LGB18 sugarcane|10v1|BQ533868 4241 200 92.01 glotblastn 953 LGB18 sorghum|13v2|BE361478 4242 200 91.24 glotblastn 954 LGB18 fescue|13v1|CK802529_P1 4243 200 87.8 globlastp 955 LGB18 oat|11v1|GO589750 4244 200 85.57 glotblastn 956 LGB18 oil_palm|11v1|ES273673XX1_T1 4245 200 85.57 glotblastn 957 LGB18 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1112775_T1 4246 200 84.79 glotblastn 958 LGB18 wheat|12v3|BF484678 4247 200 84.2 globlastp 959 LGB18 poppy|11v1|SRR096789.121829_T1 4248 200 84.02 glotblastn 960 LGB18 phalaenopsis|11v1|CB034621_T1 4249 200 83.76 glotblastn 961 LGB18 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.113972_T1 4250 200 83.76 glotblastn 962 LGB18 banana|14v1|BBS3059T3_T1 4251 200 83.51 glotblastn 963 LGB18 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.115042_T1 4252 200 83.51 glotblastn 964 LGB18 rye|12v1|DRR001012.130219 4253 200 83.3 globlastp 965 LGB18 eucalyptus|11v2|SRR001659X120087_T1 4254 200 83.25 glotblastn 966 LGB18 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012013739 4255 200 82.99 glotblastn 967 LGB18 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X236705_T1 4256 200 82.47 glotblastn 968 LGB18 lupin|13v4|FG091658_T1 4257 200 82.47 glotblastn 969 LGB18 nasturtium|11v1|GH166241_T1 4258 200 82.47 glotblastn 970 LGB18 poppy|11v1|SRR030261.41175_T1 4259 200 82.47 glotblastn 971 LGB18 sesame|12v1|SESI12V1328242 4260 200 82.47 glotblastn 972 LGB18 rye|12v1|DRR001012.105889 4261 200 82.3 globlastp 973 LGB18 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1015325_T1 4262 200 82.22 glotblastn 974 LGB18 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01010526001_T1 4263 200 82.22 glotblastn 975 LGB18 beech|11v1|SRR364434.185866_P1 4264 200 82.2 globlastp 976 LGB18 castorbean|12v1|EE255101 4265 200 81.44 glotblastn 977 LGB18 euphorbia|11v1|DV125982_T1 4266 200 81.44 glotblastn 978 LGB18 triphysaria|13v1|DR176160 4267 200 81.44 glotblastn 979 LGB18 cassava|09v1|DB934222_T1 4268 200 81.19 glotblastn 980 LGB18 chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0003784 4269 200 81.19 glotblastn 981 LGB18 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|DT468407_T1 4270 200 81.19 glotblastn 982 LGB18 oak|10v1|FP071071_T1 4271 200 81.19 glotblastn 983 LGB18 olea|13v1|SRR014463X15015D1_T1 4272 200 81.19 glotblastn 984 LGB18 aquilegia|10v2|DT735193_T1 4273 200 80.93 glotblastn 985 LGB18 cotton|11v1|CO106473_T1 4274 200 80.93 glotblastn 986 LGB18 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP746220_T1 4275 200 80.93 glotblastn 987 LGB18 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X138773_T1 4276 200 80.93 glotblastn 988 LGB18 apple|11v1|CN895518_T1 4277 200 80.67 glotblastn 989 LGB18 chickpea|13v2|GR916603_T1 4278 200 80.67 glotblastn 990 LGB18 prunus_mume|13v1|DY636641 4279 200 80.67 glotblastn 991 LGB18 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG126515 4280 200 80.67 glotblastn 992 LGB18 soybean|13v2|GLYMA02G10750 4281 200 80.67 glotblastn 993 LGB18 soybean|13v2|GLYMA18G52070 4282 200 80.67 glotblastn 994 LGB18 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X100809 4283 200 80.51 glotblastn 995 LGB18 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C714775_T1 4284 200 80.41 glotblastn 996 LGB18 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.249688_T1 4285 200 80.41 glotblastn 997 LGB18 monkeyflower|12v1|GR160342_T1 4286 200 80.41 glotblastn 998 LGB18 strawberry|11v1|DY667480 4287 200 80.41 glotblastn 999 LGB18 cichorium|14v1|DT211761_T1 4288 200 80.15 glotblastn 1000 LGB18 cichorium|14v1|EH699349_T1 4289 200 80.15 glotblastn 1001 LGB18 ginseng|13v1|HS077713_T1 4290 200 80.15 glotblastn 1002 LGB18 lettuce|12v1|DW084046_T1 4291 200 80.15 glotblastn 1003 LGB18 plantago|11v2|SRR066373X116132_T1 4292 200 80.15 glotblastn 1004 LGB18 prunus|10v1|CN895518 4293 200 80.15 glotblastn 1005 LGD1 oat|14v1|CN815949_P1 4294 202 92.1 globlastp 1006 LGD1 fescue|13v1|GO788904_P1 4295 202 90.8 globlastp 1007 LGD1 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI4G06087 — 202 90.59 glotblastn 1008 LGD1 brachypodium|14v1|DV488306_P1 4296 202 89.3 globlastp 1009 LGD1 rice|13v2|BI813454 4297 202 85 globlastp 1010 LGD1 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK577293_P1 4298 202 83.4 globlastp 1011 LGD1 switchgrass|12v1|FL886154 4299 202 83.3 globlastp 1012 LGD1 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X126182 4300 202 83.2 globlastp 1013 LGD1 switchgrass|12v1|FL766263 4301 202 83.1 globlastp 1014 LGD1 cenchrus|13v1|EB660711_P1 4302 202 82.3 globlastp 1015 LGD1 sorghum|13v2|CD424217 4303 202 81.2 globlastp 1016 LGD1 maize|13v2|AW076155_P1 4304 202 80.5 globlastp 1017 LGD2 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAA824770 4305 203 98.9 globlastp 1018 LGD2 potato|10v1|BE920326_P1 4306 203 98.6 globlastp 1019 LGD2 eggplant|10v1|FS025010_P1 4307 203 94.5 globlastp 1020 LGD2 tobacco|gb162|AB001546 4308 203 94.2 globlastp 1021 LGD2 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP745887_P1 4309 203 93.6 globlastp 1022 LGD2 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP744607_P1 4310 203 92.8 globlastp 1023 LGD2 ipomoea_nil|10v1|BJ553567_P1 4311 203 91.2 globlastp 1024 LGD2 hornbeam|12v1|SRR364455.104702_P1 4312 203 89.2 globlastp 1025 LGD2 soybean|13v2|GLYMA11G08230 4313 203 88.1 globlastp 1026 LGD2 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01018772001_P1 4314 203 87.6 globlastp 1027 LGD2 phyla|11v2|SRR099035X100641_P1 4315 203 87.6 globlastp 1028 LGD2 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X217899 4316 203 87.36 glotblastn 1029 LGD2 humulus|11v1|GD247906_P1 4317 203 87.1 globlastp 1030 LGD2 cowpea|12v1|FF537272_P1 4318 203 87 globlastp 1031 LGD2 olea|13v1|SRR014463X59791D1_P1 4319 203 87 globlastp 1032 LGD2 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X104401_P1 4320 203 87 globlastp 1033 LGD2 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X100716_P1 4321 203 86.8 globlastp 1034 LGD2 walnuts|gb166|EL892058 4322 203 86.8 globlastp 1035 LGD2 aristolochia|10v1|FD760753_P1 4323 203 86.7 globlastp 1036 LGD2 bean|13v1|CB541466_P1 4324 203 86.7 globlastp 1037 LGD2 orange|11v1|CB322080_P1 4325 203 86.7 globlastp 1038 LGD2 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X120442_P1 4326 203 86.7 globlastp 1039 LGD2 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAW934361 4327 203 86.5 globlastp 1040 LGD2 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X50607D1_T1 4328 203 86.46 glotblastn 1041 LGD2 cotton|11v1|CO071036_P1 4329 203 86.2 globlastp 1042 LGD2 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|CA993070_P1 4330 203 86.2 globlastp 1043 LGD2 peanut|13v1|CD037704_P1 4331 203 86.2 globlastp 1044 LGD2 tomato|13v1|AW934361 4332 203 86.2 globlastp 1045 LGD2 olea|13v1|SRR014464X16950D1_T1 4333 203 86.19 glotblastn 1046 LGD2 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X100526 4334 203 86.1 globlastp 1047 LGD2 antirrhinum|gb166|AJ558891_P1 4335 203 86 globlastp 1048 LGD2 monkeyflower|12v1|DV208740_P1 4336 203 86 globlastp 1049 LGD2 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X107175 4337 203 86 globlastp 1050 LGD2 ginseng|13v1|JK987781_P1 4338 203 85.9 globlastp 1051 LGD2 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.584103_P1 4338 203 85.9 globlastp 1052 LGD2 cassava|09v1|DV458283_P1 4339 203 85.6 globlastp 1053 LGD2 cotton|11v1|CA993070_P1 4340 203 85.6 globlastp 1054 LGD2 ginseng|13v1|SRR547984.108232_P1 4341 203 85.6 globlastp 1055 LGD2 eucalyptus|11v2|CD669568_P1 4342 203 85.5 globlastp 1056 LGD2 carrot|14v1|JG753691_P1 4343 203 85.4 globlastp 1057 LGD2 carrot|14v1|JG761743_P1 4344 203 85.4 globlastp 1058 LGD2 bean|13v1|CB280596_P1 4345 203 85.4 globlastp 1059 LGD2 beech|11v1|AM062888_P1 4346 203 85.4 globlastp 1060 LGD2 bupleurum|11v1|SRR301254.10467_P1 4347 203 85.4 globlastp 1061 LGD2 coffea|10v1|CF588648_P1 4348 203 85.4 globlastp 1062 LGD2 nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.160646_T1 4349 203 85.4 glotblastn 1063 LGD2 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X100483 4350 203 85.3 globlastp 1064 LGD2 prunus|10v1|CN444847 4351 203 85.2 globlastp 1065 LGD2 triphysaria|13v1|DR169927 4352 203 85.2 globlastp 1066 LGD2 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C13327_P1 4353 203 85.1 globlastp 1067 LGD2 carrot|14v1|BSS10K29C1457_P1 4354 203 85.1 globlastp 1068 LGD2 carrot|14v1|JG761597_P1 4355 203 85.1 globlastp 1069 LGD2 cassava|09v1|DV449297_P1 4356 203 85.1 globlastp 1070 LGD2 scabiosa|11v1|SRR063723X107345 4357 203 85 globlastp 1071 LGD2 primula|11v1|SRR098679X100834_T1 4358 203 84.93 glotblastn 1072 LGD2 blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X19423D1_P1 4359 203 84.9 globlastp 1073 LGD2 prunus_mume|13v1|AJ825817 4360 203 84.9 globlastp 1074 LGD2 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C4040_P1 4361 203 84.8 globlastp 1075 LGD2 carrot|14v1|JG765320_P1 4362 203 84.8 globlastp 1076 LGD2 aquilegia|10v2|DR927797_P1 4363 203 84.8 globlastp 1077 LGD2 eschscholzia|11v1|CK744019_P1 4364 203 84.8 globlastp 1078 LGD2 soybean|13v2|GLYMA02G05350 4365 203 84.8 globlastp 1079 LGD2 watermelon|11v1|AM741926 4366 203 84.8 globlastp 1080 LGD2 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK19C132272_P1 4367 203 84.7 globlastp 1081 LGD2 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1004165_P1 4367 203 84.7 globlastp 1082 LGD2 chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X100055_P1 4368 203 84.7 globlastp 1083 LGD2 plantago|11v2|SRR066373X203509_P1 4369 203 84.7 globlastp 1084 LGD2 melon|10v1|AM741926_P1 4370 203 84.6 globlastp 1085 LGD2 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C289667_P1 4371 203 84.5 globlastp 1086 LGD2 soybean|13v2|GLYMA16G23710 4372 203 84.5 globlastp 1087 LGD2 castorbean|14v2|XM_002533754_P1 4373 203 84.4 globlastp 1088 LGD2 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X103338_T1 4374 203 84.38 glotblastn 1089 LGD2 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.119993_P1 4375 203 84.3 globlastp 1090 LGD2 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|CA993884_P1 4376 203 84.3 globlastp 1091 LGD2 scabiosa|11v1|SRR063723X101600 4377 203 84.3 globlastp 1092 LGD2 chickpea|13v2|DY475083_P1 4378 203 84.1 globlastp 1093 LGD2 chickpea|13v2|GW691637_P1 4378 203 84.1 globlastp 1094 LGD2 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.100229_P1 4378 203 84.1 globlastp 1095 LGD2 lettuce|12v1|DW044783_P1 4379 203 84 globlastp 1096 LGD2 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X101599_P1 4380 203 83.9 globlastp 1097 LGD2 flax|11v1|GW864323XX1_P1 4381 203 83.9 globlastp 1098 LGD2 cyclamen|14v1|AJ886097_P1 4382 203 83.7 globlastp 1099 LGD2 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.103971_P1 4383 203 83.7 globlastp 1100 LGD2 lotus|09v1|CN825342_P1 4384 203 83.7 globlastp 1101 LGD2 utricularia|11v1|SRR094438.100252 4385 203 83.7 globlastp 1102 LGD2 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X101811_P1 4386 203 83.6 globlastp 1103 LGD2 heritiera|10v1|SRR005795S0001233_P1 4387 203 83.6 globlastp 1104 LGD2 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.101062_T1 4388 203 83.52 glotblastn 1105 LGD2 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1689824_P1 4389 203 83.5 globlastp 1106 LGD2 cacao|13v1|CU496808_P1 4390 203 83.5 globlastp 1107 LGD2 poplar|13v1|BI068634_P1 4391 203 83.5 globlastp 1108 LGD2 pea|11v1|PEAMNTFRC_P1 4392 203 83.4 globlastp 1109 LGD2 amaranthus|13v1|SRR172675X348791D1_T1 4393 203 83.33 glotblastn 1110 LGD2 nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.168001_P1 4394 203 83.3 globlastp 1111 LGD2 medicago|13v1|AW127593_P1 4395 203 83.2 globlastp 1112 LGD2 poplar|13v1|BI068820_P1 4396 203 83.2 globlastp 1113 LGD2 tragopogon|10v1|SRR020205S0005528 4397 203 83.2 globlastp 1114 LGD2 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11199800_P1 4398 203 83 globlastp 1115 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.56980_P1 4399 203 83 globlastp 1116 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.100431_P1 4399 203 83 globlastp 1117 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.152081_P1 4400 203 83 globlastp 1118 LGD2 primula|11v1|SRR098679X100355_T1 4401 203 82.92 glotblastn 1119 LGD2 cichorium|14v1|EH682554_P1 4402 203 82.8 globlastp 1120 LGD2 oil_palm|11v1|SRR190698.134977_P1 4403 203 82.8 globlastp 1121 LGD2 sunflower|12v1|CD846663 4404 203 82.8 globlastp 1122 LGD2 beet|12v1|AW063024_P1 4405 203 82.7 globlastp 1123 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.104573_P1 4406 203 82.7 globlastp 1124 LGD2 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.1000_P1 4407 203 82.6 globlastp 1125 LGD2 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.100462_P1 4408 203 82.6 globlastp 1126 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.110544_P1 4409 203 82.6 globlastp 1127 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.148542_P1 4409 203 82.6 globlastp 1128 LGD2 peanut|13v1|CD037596_P1 4410 203 82.6 globlastp 1129 LGD2 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X10099_P1 4411 203 82.6 globlastp 1130 LGD2 sunflower|12v1|CF076517 4412 203 82.6 globlastp 1131 LGD2 chrysanthemum|14v1|DK940352_P1 4413 203 82.5 globlastp 1132 LGD2 cichorium|14v1|EL362434_P1 4414 203 82.5 globlastp 1133 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.105932_P1 4415 203 82.5 globlastp 1134 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.51064_P1 4416 203 82.5 globlastp 1135 LGD2 cassava|09v1|DV442057_T1 4417 203 82.32 glotblastn 1136 LGD2 centaurea|11v1|EH767420_P1 4418 203 82.3 globlastp 1137 LGD2 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1001277_P1 4419 203 82.3 globlastp 1138 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.100165_P1 4420 203 82.3 globlastp 1139 LGD2 sunflower|12v1|BU671956 4421 203 82.3 globlastp 1140 LGD2 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1149307_P1 4422 203 82.2 globlastp 1141 LGD2 cleome_spinosa|10v1|SRR015531S0002387_P1 4423 203 82.2 globlastp 1142 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149241.108770_T1 4424 203 82.19 glotblastn 1143 LGD2 salvia|10v1|SRR014553S0002772 4425 203 82.19 glotblastn 1144 LGD2 clover|14v1|BB903834_P1 4426 203 82.1 globlastp 1145 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.353036_T1 4427 203 82.02 glotblastn 1146 LGD2 centaurea|11v1|EH725789_P1 4428 203 82 globlastp 1147 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.18990_P1 4429 203 82 globlastp 1148 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.23766XX2_P1 4430 203 82 globlastp 1149 LGD2 fiaveria|11v1|SRR149232.135732_P1 4431 203 82 globlastp 1150 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.336022_P1 4432 203 82 globlastp 1151 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149238.175866_P1 4433 203 82 globlastp 1152 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149241.102804_P1 4434 203 82 globlastp 1153 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149241.120902_P1 4435 203 82 globlastp 1154 LGD2 strawberry|11v1|CX661492 4436 203 82 globlastp 1155 LGD2 tobacco|gb162|DV160073 4437 203 82 globlastp 1156 LGD2 cotton|11v1|BQ401882_P1 4438 203 81.8 globlastp 1157 LGD2 cotton|11v1|CO081230_P1 4438 203 81.8 globlastp 1158 LGD2 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BQ401882_P1 4438 203 81.8 globlastp 1159 LGD2 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|BI698466 4439 203 81.8 globlastp 1160 LGD2 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|BM985809 4439 203 81.8 globlastp 1161 LGD2 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039408X1106D1_P1 4440 203 81.7 globlastp 1162 LGD2 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.194035_P1 4441 203 81.6 globlastp 1163 LGD2 vicia|14v1|VFU14956_P1 4442 203 81.5 globlastp 1164 LGD2 quinoa|13v2|GE746499 4443 203 81.5 globlastp 1165 LGD2 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063689X108342_P1 4444 203 81.2 globlastp 1166 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.103686_T1 4445 203 81.2 glotblastn 1167 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.105761_P1 4446 203 81.2 globlastp 1168 LGD2 banana|14v1|DN239493_P1 4447 203 81.1 globlastp 1169 LGD2 onion|14v1|CF445107_P1 4448 203 81.1 globlastp 1170 LGD2 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X101317 4449 203 81.1 globlastp 1171 LGD2 poppy|11v1|SRR030264.231182_P1 4450 203 81 globlastp 1172 LGD2 chestnut|14v1|SRR006296X78520D1_T1 4451 203 80.94 glotblastn 1173 LGD2 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X101597D1_P1 4452 203 80.9 globlastp 1174 LGD2 banana|14v1|DN238988_P1 4453 203 80.8 globlastp 1175 LGD2 banana|12v1|DN238988 4453 203 80.8 globlastp 1176 LGD2 banana|12v1|DN239493 4454 203 80.8 globlastp 1177 LGD2 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.105413_P1 4455 203 80.8 globlastp 1178 LGD2 oak|10v1|DN950070_P1 4456 203 80.7 globlastp 1179 LGD2 radish|gb164|EV536591 4457 203 80.7 globlastp 1180 LGD2 phyla|11v2|SRR099037X109445_T1 4458 203 80.66 glotblastn 1181 LGD2 sunflower|12v1|CX944622 4459 203 80.65 glotblastn 1182 LGD2 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039411X119681D1_P1 4460 203 80.6 globlastp 1183 LGD2 castorbean|14v2|EG661873_P1 4461 203 80.5 globlastp 1184 LGD2 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01A7B5A_P1 4462 203 80.5 globlastp 1185 LGD2 castorbean|12v1|EG661873 4461 203 80.5 globlastp 1186 LGD2 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.105604_P1 4463 203 80.5 globlastp 1187 LGD2 flaveria|11v1|SRR149241.108496_T1 4464 203 80.49 glotblastn 1188 LGD2 pteridium|11v1|SRR043594X121427 4465 203 80.44 glotblastn 1189 LGD2 artemisia|10v1|EY031786_P1 4466 203 80.4 globlastp 1190 LGD2 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012011875 4467 203 80.4 globlastp 1191 LGD2 sesame|12v1|SESI12V1405849 4468 203 80.4 globlastp 1192 LGD2 arabidopsis|13v2|AT5G66190_P1 4469 203 80.3 globlastp 1193 LGD2 radish|gb164|EV566182 4470 203 80.3 globlastp 1194 LGD2 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01A500M_T1 4471 203 80.27 glotblastn 1195 LGD2 castorbean|12v1|XM_002533754 4472 203 80.27 glotblastn 1196 LGD2 quinoa|13v2|GE746387 4473 203 80.27 glotblastn 1197 LGD2 banana|14v1|JK543985_P1 4474 203 80.2 globlastp 1198 LGD2 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C196840_P1 4475 203 80.2 globlastp 1199 LGD2 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01AX65C_T1 4476 203 80.11 glotblastn 1200 LGD2 beech|11v1|SRR006293.11516_T1 4477 203 80.11 glotblastn 1201 LGD2 cacao|13v1|SRR531454.1005700_T1 4478 203 80.11 glotblastn 1202 LGD2 b_rapa|11v1|BQ704225_T1 4479 203 80 glotblastn 1203 LGD2 canola|11v1|DQ539647_T1 4480 203 80 glotblastn 1204 LGD3 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X108950_P1 4481 204 96.7 globlastp 1205 LGD3 soybean|13v2|BU926798 4482 204 96.1 globlastp 1206 LGD3 soybean|13v2|GLYMA10G38770 4483 204 95.4 globlastp 1207 LGD3 lotus|09v1|AV779918_P1 4484 204 93 globlastp 1208 LGD3 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.134840_P1 4485 204 91.7 globlastp 1209 LGD3 chickpea|13v2|FL512467_P1 4486 204 91.1 globlastp 1210 LGD3 bean|13v1|SRR001334X64774_P1 4487 204 91 globlastp 1211 LGD3 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X111823_T1 4488 204 90.37 glotblastn 1212 LGD3 medicago|13v1|BI271909_P1 4489 204 90.2 globlastp 1213 LGD3 medicago|13v1|BE204729_P1 4490 204 90.1 globlastp 1214 LGD3 soybean|13v2|GLYMA02G00510 4491 204 89.7 globlastp 1215 LGD3 clementine|11v1|AU186251_P1 4492 204 88.6 globlastp 1216 LGD3 orange|11v1|AU186251_P1 4493 204 88.6 globlastp 1217 LGD3 cassava|09v1|JGICASSAVA35367VALIDM1_P1 4494 204 88.5 globlastp 1218 LGD3 prunus_mume|13v1|DY653449 4495 204 88.1 globlastp 1219 LGD3 cassava|09v1|DR084500_P1 4496 204 88 globlastp 1220 LGD3 prunus|10v1|CN866241 4497 204 88 globlastp 1221 LGD3 cotton|11v1|AI054532_P1 4498 204 87.9 globlastp 1222 LGD3 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01018054001_P1 4499 204 87.9 globlastp 1223 LGD3 soybean|13v2|GLYMA10G00527 4500 204 87.63 glotblastn 1224 LGD3 castorbean|14v2|XM_002517014_P1 4501 204 87.6 globlastp 1225 LGD3 castorbean|12v1|XM_002517014 4501 204 87.6 globlastp 1226 LGD3 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X111318 4502 204 87.6 globlastp 1227 LGD3 cacao|13v1|CU488167_P1 4503 204 87.4 globlastp 1228 LGD3 cucumber|09v1|AM720342_P1 4504 204 87.4 globlastp 1229 LGD3 poplar|13v1|AI166030_P1 4505 204 87 globlastp 1230 LGD3 beech|11v1|SRR006293.28801_T1 4506 204 86.81 glotblastn 1231 LGD3 poplar|13v1|BI127913_P1 4507 204 86.8 globlastp 1232 LGD3 clover|14v1|BB915624_P1 4508 204 86.5 globlastp 1233 LGD3 sesame|12v1|SESI12V1404731 4509 204 86.5 globlastp 1234 LGD3 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C428695_P1 4510 204 86.4 globlastp 1235 LGD3 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BF269617_P1 4511 204 86.2 globlastp 1236 LGD3 eucalyptus|11v2|SRR001659X130472_P1 4512 204 86.1 globlastp 1237 LGD3 euphorbia|11v1|SRR098678X100005_P1 4513 204 86 globlastp 1238 LGD3 strawberry|11v1|DY676103 4514 204 85.7 globlastp 1239 LGD3 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI054532_P1 4515 204 85.4 globlastp 1240 LGD3 apple|11v1|CN868660_P1 4516 204 84.9 globlastp 1241 LGD3 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAI490815 4517 204 84.51 glotblastn 1242 LGD3 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|BM985717 4518 204 84.4 globlastp 1243 LGD3 apple|11v1|CN866241_P1 4519 204 84.3 globlastp 1244 LGD3 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP131190_P1 4520 204 84.2 globlastp 1245 LGD3 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C454645_P1 4521 204 84.1 globlastp 1246 LGD3 tomato|13v1|AI490815 4522 204 84.1 globlastp 1247 LGD3 carrot|14v1|BSS11K19C103871_P1 4523 204 84 globlastp 1248 LGD3 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C108996_P1 4524 204 84 globlastp 1249 LGD3 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X221809 4525 204 83.81 glotblastn 1250 LGD3 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C116574_P1 4526 204 83.7 globlastp 1251 LGD3 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|Z17976_P1 4527 204 83.4 globlastp 1252 LGD3 cotton|11v1|BF269617_P1 4528 204 83.4 globlastp 1253 LGD3 chestnut|14v1|SRR006296X10665D1_T1 4529 204 83.32 glotblastn 1254 LGD3 b_rapa|11v1|CD822925_P1 4530 204 83.2 globlastp 1255 LGD3 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1072602_T1 4531 204 82.9 glotblastn 1256 LGD3 aquilegia|10v2|DR942297_P1 4532 204 82.8 globlastp 1257 LGD3 arabidopsis|13v2|AT5G43810_P1 4533 204 82.4 globlastp 1258 LGD3 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.139371_P1 4534 204 82.4 globlastp 1259 LGD3 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X109015 4535 204 82.21 glotblastn 1260 LGD3 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C139668_P1 4536 204 82.2 globlastp 1261 LGD3 watermelon|11v1|AM720342 4537 204 81.4 globlastp 1262 LGD3 canola|11v1|EE545517_P1 4538 204 80.9 globlastp 1263 LGD3 monkeyflower|12v1|DV208319_P1 4539 204 80.9 globlastp 1264 LGD3 cannabis|12v1|SOLX00027072_T1 4540 204 80.84 glotblastn 1265 LGD3 b_oleracea|14v1|EE517394_P1 4541 204 80.6 globlastp 1266 LGD6 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|T14139_P1 4542 205 98.7 globlastp 1267 LGD6 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|DN773553 4543 205 92.6 globlastp 1268 LGD6 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|DN773553 4544 205 92.3 globlastp 1269 LGD6 b_oleracea|14v1|DY015235_P1 4545 205 92 globlastp 1270 LGD6 b_rapa|11v1|DY015235_P1 4546 205 91.7 globlastp 1271 LGD6 canola|11v1|EE447906_P1 4547 205 91.7 globlastp 1272 LGD6 b_oleracea|14v1|CN736008_P1 4548 205 91.6 globlastp 1273 LGD6 b_oleracea|gb161|AM387130 4549 205 91.6 globlastp 1274 LGD6 canola|11v1|DY007243_P1 4549 205 91.6 globlastp 1275 LGD6 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01B953W_P1 4550 205 91.3 globlastp 1276 LGD6 b_rapa|11v1|CB686156_P1 4551 205 91 globlastp 1277 LGD6 canola|11v1|CN736008XX1_P1 4551 205 91 globlastp 1278 LGD6 b_oleracea|gb161|DY015235 4552 205 90.7 globlastp 1279 LGD6 radish|gb164|EV545762 4553 205 90.6 globlastp 1280 LGD6 radish|gb164|EV548475 4554 205 90.6 globlastp 1281 LGD6 canola|11v1|EV100004_P1 4555 205 89.6 globlastp 1282 LGD6 canola|11v1|SRR019556.30411_T1 4556 205 88.63 glotblastn 1283 LGD6 cleome_gynandra|10v1|SRR015532S0033862_P1 4557 205 87.6 globlastp 1284 LGD6 clementine|11v1|BQ623267_P1 4558 205 84.7 globlastp 1284 LGD6 orange|11v1|BQ623267_P1 4558 205 84.7 globlastp 1285 LGD6 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X107583 4559 205 84.6 globlastp 1286 LGD6 eucalyptus|11v2|SRR001659X104464_P1 4560 205 84.1 globlastp 1287 LGD6 cacao|13v1|CF973656_P1 4561 205 83.6 globlastp 1288 LGD6 catharanthus|11v1|EG555296_P1 4562 205 83.6 globlastp 1289 LGD6 heritiera|10v1|SRR005795S0007654_P1 4563 205 83.6 globlastp 1290 LGD6 spurge|gb161|DV121881 4564 205 83.6 globlastp 1291 LGD6 castorbean|14v2|EE258567_P1 4565 205 83.3 globlastp 1292 LGD6 pepper|14v1|GD112451_P1 4566 205 83.3 globlastp 1293 LGD6 castorbean|12v1|EE258567 4565 205 83.3 globlastp 1294 LGD6 cotton|11v1|BE055295_P1 4567 205 83.3 globlastp 1295 LGD6 pepper|12v1|GD112451 4566 205 83.3 globlastp 1296 LGD6 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X107221_P1 4568 205 82.9 globlastp 1297 LGD6 beech|11v1|FR612818_P1 4569 205 82.9 globlastp 1298 LGD6 centaurea|11v1|EH752610_P1 4570 205 82.9 globlastp 1299 LGD6 centaurea|11v1|EH764761_P1 4571 205 82.9 globlastp 1300 LGD6 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1015656_P1 4572 205 82.9 globlastp 1301 LGD6 sesame|12v1|JK084024 4573 205 82.9 globlastp 1302 LGD6 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039408X1760D1_P1 4574 205 82.7 globlastp 1303 LGD6 canola|11v1|EV071661_P1 4575 205 82.6 globlastp 1304 LGD6 cassava|09v1|CK644971_P1 4576 205 82.6 globlastp 1305 LGD6 centaurea|11v1|SRR346938.351159_P1 4577 205 82.6 globlastp 1306 LGD6 cirsium|11v1|SRR349641.118840_P1 4578 205 82.6 globlastp 1307 LGD6 cotton|11v1|BM357882XX2_P1 4579 205 82.6 globlastp 1308 LGD6 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.196751_P1 4580 205 82.6 globlastp 1309 LGD6 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI055541_P1 4579 205 82.6 globlastp 1310 LGD6 prunus_mume|13v1|BU039592 4581 205 82.6 globlastp 1311 LGD6 prunus_mume|13v1|BU044002 4582 205 82.6 globlastp 1312 LGD6 strawberry|11v1|SRR034859S0010487 4583 205 82.6 globlastp 1313 LGD6 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X106504 4584 205 82.6 globlastp 1314 LGD6 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X106942_P1 4585 205 82.4 globlastp 1315 LGD6 carrot|14v1|JG758464_P1 4586 205 82.3 globlastp 1316 LGD6 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K19C1529200_P1 4587 205 82.3 globlastp 1317 LGD6 cirsium|11v1|SRS346952.10607_P1 4588 205 82.3 globlastp 1318 LGD6 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063689X11758_P1 4589 205 82.3 globlastp 1319 LGD6 ipomoea_nil|10v1|BJ560869_P1 4590 205 82.3 globlastp 1320 LGD6 oak|10v1|FN740472_P1 4591 205 82.3 globlastp 1321 LGD6 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X275516 4592 205 82.3 globlastp 1322 LGD6 silene|11v1|GH294928 4593 205 82.3 globlastp 1323 LGD6 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X135514 4594 205 82.3 globlastp 1324 LGD6 watermelon|11v1|AM715048 4595 205 82.3 globlastp 1325 LGD6 carrot|14v1|JG753068_P1 4596 205 81.9 globlastp 1326 LGD6 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X104531D1_P1 4597 205 81.9 globlastp 1327 LGD6 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.116866_P1 4598 205 81.9 globlastp 1328 LGD6 artemisia|10v1|EY046329_P1 4599 205 81.9 globlastp 1329 LGD6 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X111606_P1 4600 205 81.9 globlastp 1330 LGD6 eggplant|10v1|FS003376_P1 4601 205 81.9 globlastp 1331 LGD6 euphorbia|11v1|DV121881_P1 4602 205 81.9 globlastp 1332 LGD6 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X235652 4603 205 81.9 globlastp 1333 LGD6 nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.100047_P1 4604 205 81.7 globlastp 1334 LGD6 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X104715 4605 205 81.7 globlastp 1335 LGD6 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X10323D1_P1 4606 205 81.6 globlastp 1336 LGD6 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X64511D1_P1 4607 205 81.6 globlastp 1337 LGD6 parsley|14v1|BSS12K23C760585_P1 4608 205 81.6 globlastp 1338 LGD6 chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0008116 4609 205 81.6 globlastp 1339 LGD6 melon|10v1|AM715048_P1 4610 205 81.6 globlastp 1340 LGD6 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP747854_P1 4611 205 81.6 globlastp 1341 LGD6 oak|10v1|SRR006307S0001679_P1 4612 205 81.6 globlastp 1342 LGD6 prunus|10v1|DY653470 4613 205 81.52 glotblastn 1343 LGD6 primula|11v1|SRR098679X133113_P1 4614 205 81.4 globlastp 1344 LGD6 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X107720D1_P1 4615 205 81.3 globlastp 1345 LGD6 cichorium|14v1|EH686559_P1 4616 205 81.3 globlastp 1346 LGD6 onion|14v1|CF434726_P1 4617 205 81.3 globlastp 1347 LGD6 onion|14v1|SRR073446X174514D1_P1 4618 205 81.3 globlastp 1348 LGD6 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1107366_P1 4619 205 81.3 globlastp 1349 LGD6 cichorium|gb171|EH672374 4616 205 81.3 globlastp 1350 LGD6 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11270407_P1 4620 205 81.3 globlastp 1351 LGD6 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.165194_P1 4621 205 81.3 globlastp 1352 LGD6 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB425021_P1 4622 205 81.3 globlastp 1353 LGD6 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EH365315_P1 4623 205 81.3 globlastp 1354 LGD6 onion|12v1|CF434726 4624 205 81.3 globlastp 1355 LGD6 poplar|13v1|AI164027_P1 4625 205 81.3 globlastp 1356 LGD6 poplar|13v1|BU878429_P1 4626 205 81.3 globlastp 1357 LGD6 radish|gb164|EV543854 4627 205 81.3 globlastp 1358 LGD6 tomato|13v1|BG132580 4628 205 81.3 globlastp 1359 LGD6 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X14360 4629 205 81.3 globlastp 1360 LGD6 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.178418_T1 4630 205 81.27 glotblastn 1361 LGD6 beet|12v1|BQ586246_P1 4631 205 81.1 globlastp 1362 LGD6 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.150395_P1 4632 205 80.9 globlastp 1363 LGD6 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.179842_P1 4633 205 80.9 globlastp 1364 LGD6 flaveria|11v1|SRR149244.101566_P1 4634 205 80.9 globlastp 1365 LGD6 oil_palm|11v1|SRR190698.155573_P1 4635 205 80.9 globlastp 1366 LGD6 potato|10v1|BG095913_P1 4636 205 80.9 globlastp 1367 LGD6 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG132580 4637 205 80.9 globlastp 1368 LGD6 triphysaria|13v1|EY135259 4638 205 80.9 globlastp 1369 LGD6 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01027967001_P1 4639 205 80.8 globlastp 1370 LGD6 prunus|10v1|BU039592 4640 205 80.8 globlastp 1371 LGD6 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK19C114497_P1 4641 205 80.7 globlastp 1372 LGD6 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1394037_P1 4642 205 80.6 globlastp 1373 LGD6 onion|14v1|SRR573713X158546D1_P1 4643 205 80.6 globlastp 1374 LGD6 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.541098_P1 4644 205 80.6 globlastp 1375 LGD6 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346943.222707_P1 4645 205 80.6 globlastp 1376 LGD6 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X100739_P1 4646 205 80.6 globlastp 1377 LGD6 tragopogon|10v1|SRR020205S0009357 4647 205 80.6 glotblastn 1378 LGD6 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X13614 4648 205 80.6 glotblastn 1379 LGD6 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X109055_P1 4649 205 80.5 globlastp 1380 LGD6 chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X105652_P1 4650 205 80.5 globlastp 1381 LGD6 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063689X112848_P1 4651 205 80.3 globlastp 1382 LGD6 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.102521_P1 4652 205 80.3 globlastp 1383 LGD6 phyla|11v2|SRR099037X306416_P1 4653 205 80.3 globlastp 1384 LGD6 plantago|11v2|SRR066373X101578_P1 4654 205 80.3 globlastp 1385 LGD6 sunflower|12v1|BQ910388 4655 205 80.3 globlastp 1386 LGD6 sunflower|12v1|CF081794 4655 205 80.3 globlastp 1387 LGD6 sunflower|12v1|CX944968 4656 205 80.3 globlastp 1388 LGD6 monkeyflower|12v1|DV210491_T1 4657 205 80.27 glotblastn 1389 LGD6 humulus|11v1|ES653329_P1 4658 205 80.1 globlastp 1390 LGD6 cannabis|12v1|SOLX00008562_T1 4659 205 80.07 glotblastn 1391 LGD7 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|AK353351P1 4660 206 92 globlastp 1392 LGD7 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|AK353351P1 4661 206 89.1 globlastp 1393 LGD7 arabidopsis|13v2|AT1G08550_P1 4662 206 87.7 globlastp 1394 LGD7 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|N37612_P1 4663 206 87.1 globlastp 1395 LGD8 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X100418_P1 4664 207 93 globlastp 1396 LGD8 soybean|13v2|GLYMA07G11160 4665 207 92.3 globlastp 1397 LGD8 soybean|13v2|GLYMA09G31070 4666 207 90.9 globlastp 1398 LGD8 lotus|09v1|LLBI419193_P1 4667 207 83.6 globlastp 1399 LGD8 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.137538_P1 4668 207 81.7 globlastp 1400 LGD8 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X13354 4669 207 80.3 globlastp 1401 LGD9 pigeonpea|11v1|GR466371_P1 4670 208 90.2 globlastp 1402 LGD9 cowpea|12v1|FF382737_P1 4671 208 89 globlastp 1403 LGD9 soybean|13v2|GLYMA01G26300 4672 208 88.4 globlastp 1404 LGD9 soybean|13v2|GLYMA03G16510 4673 208 87.5 globlastp 1405 LGD9 lotus|09v1|LLBG662173_P1 4674 208 85.4 globlastp 1406 LGD9 cyamopsis|10v1|EG987749_P1 4675 208 84.8 globlastp 1407 LGD9 acacia|10v1|FS592559_P1 4676 208 83.3 globlastp 1408 LGD9 peanut|13v1|ES708101_P1 4677 208 82.9 globlastp 1409 LGD9 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X100112 4678 208 82.9 globlastp 1410 LGD9 pea|11v1|AF396464_T1 4679 208 82.72 glotblastn 1411 LGD9 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C543920_P1 4680 208 82.4 globlastp 1412 LGD9 medicago|13v1|AW686866_P1 4681 208 82.4 globlastp 1413 LGD9 vicia|14v1|HX907657_P1 4682 208 81.8 globlastp 1414 LGD9 chickpea|13v2|ES560403_P1 4683 208 81.8 globlastp 1415 LGD9 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X12169D1_T1 4684 208 81.48 glotblastn 1416 LGD9 chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0004245 4684 208 81.48 glotblastn 1417 LGD9 prunus|10v1|BF717143 4685 208 80.86 glotblastn 1418 LGD9 peanut|13v1|CX127946_P1 4686 208 80.4 globlastp 1419 LGD9 oak|10v1|FN708607_T1 4687 208 80.25 glotblastn 1420 LGD9 prunus_mume|13v1|BF717143 4688 208 80.25 glotblastn 1421 LGD9 peanut|13v1|SRR042414X43901_T1 4689 208 80.12 glotblastn 1422 LGD9 cacao|13v1|CU478218_P1 4690 208 80 globlastp 1423 LGD10 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X104440_P1 4691 209 86.5 globlastp 1424 LGD11 cowpea|12v1|FF383805_P1 4692 210 91.8 globlastp 1425 LGD11 soybean|13v2|GLYMA10G29890 4693 210 91.1 globlastp 1426 LGD11 soybean|13v2|GLYMA20G37450 4694 210 85.3 globlastp 1427 LGD11 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X106095_P1 4695 210 84 globlastp 1428 LGD11 lupin|13v4|CA411332_P1 4696 210 83.2 globlastp 1429 LGD11 liquorice|gb171|FS249410_P1 4697 210 81.3 globlastp 1430 LGD11 lupin|13v4|SRR520490.377461_P1 4698 210 81.2 globlastp 1431 LGD11 cassava|09v1|DV444651_T1 4699 210 80.82 glotblastn 1432 LGD12 b_oleracea|14v1|BOU13630_P1 4700 211 99.5 globlastp 1433 LGD12 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01A1VCL_P1 4701 211 99.3 globlastp 1434 LGD12 b_rapa|11v1|BOU13630_P1 4701 211 99.3 globlastp 1435 LGD12 canola|11v1|EE467553_P1 4702 211 99 globlastp 1436 LGD12 b_oleracea|gb161|BOU13630 4703 211 98.3 globlastp 1437 LGD12 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01BADZS_P1 4704 211 96.6 globlastp 1438 LGD12 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01A08CZ_P1 4705 211 95.3 globlastp 1439 LGD12 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|EC599457 4706 211 94.8 globlastp 1440 LGD12 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|EC599457 4707 211 94.1 globlastp 1441 LGD12 wheat|12v3|ERR125556X242496D1 4708 211 94.1 glotblastn 1442 LGD12 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01A5JIL_P1 4709 211 93.6 globlastp 1443 LGD12 b_oleracea|14v1|BG544743_P1 4710 211 92.4 globlastp 1444 LGD12 b_rapa|11v1|BG544743_P1 4711 211 92.4 globlastp 1445 LGD12 canola|11v1|CN732288_P1 4712 211 92.4 globlastp 1446 LGD12 canola|11v1|CN728759_P1 4713 211 92.1 globlastp 1447 LGD12 radish|gb164|EV547050 4714 211 92.1 globlastp 1448 LGD12 canola|11v1|ES899281_T1 4715 211 91.67 glotblastn 1449 LGD12 canola|11v1|FG566657_T1 4716 211 91.67 glotblastn 1450 LGD12 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|Z33953_P1 4717 211 90.3 globlastp 1451 LGD12 arabidopsis|13v2|AT5G46110_P1 4718 211 89.8 globlastp 1452 LGD12 cleome_spinosa|10v1|SRR015531S0001442_P1 4719 211 82.7 globlastp 1453 LGD12 cotton|11v1|BF279392_P1 4720 211 82.7 globlastp 1454 LGD12 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BF279392_P1 4720 211 82.7 globlastp 1455 LGD12 cacao|13v1|CF973561_P1 4721 211 82.4 globlastp 1456 LGD12 cassava|09v1|DV458094_P1 4722 211 82.4 globlastp 1457 LGD12 castorbean|14v2|EG658329_P1 4723 211 82.3 globlastp 1458 LGD12 castorbean|12v1|EG658329 4723 211 82.3 globlastp 1459 LGD12 cotton|11v1|CO069957_P1 4724 211 81.9 globlastp 1460 LGD12 cleome_spinosa|10v1|SRR015531S0001677_P1 4725 211 81.8 globlastp 1461 LGD12 euphorbia|11v1|DV125198_P1 4726 211 81.8 globlastp 1462 LGD12 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BG440904_P1 4727 211 81.7 globlastp 1463 LGD12 cassava|09v1|BM260318_P1 4728 211 81.6 globlastp 1464 LGD12 chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X104267XX1_P1 4729 211 81.6 globlastp 1465 LGD12 strawberry|11v1|CX309723 4730 211 81.6 globlastp 1466 LGD12 radish|gb164|EX746579 4731 211 81.57 glotblastn 1467 LGD12 beech|11v1|SRR006293.11076_P1 4732 211 81.5 globlastp 1468 LGD12 poplar|13v1|BI069510_P1 4733 211 81.5 globlastp 1469 LGD12 poplar|13v1|BI073107_P1 4734 211 81.5 globlastp 1470 LGD12 cotton|11v1|BG440904_P1 4735 211 81.4 globlastp 1471 LGD12 ginseng|13v1|JK988005_P1 4736 211 81.2 globlastp 1472 LGD12 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X101744_P1 4737 211 81.1 globlastp 1473 LGD12 spurge|gb161|DV123642 4738 211 80.8 globlastp 1474 LGD12 oak|10v1|CU657900_P1 4739 211 80.6 globlastp 1475 LGD12 euphorbia|11v1|DV123642_P1 4740 211 80.5 globlastp 1476 LGD12 ginseng|13v1|SRR547984.112403_P1 4741 211 80.5 globlastp 1477 LGD12 iceplant|gb164|BE036020_P1 4742 211 80.4 globlastp 1478 LGD12 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X102659_P1 4743 211 80.1 globlastp 1479 LGD12 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01021114001_P1 4744 211 80 globlastp 1480 LGD14 medicago|13v1|MT4_2013004779_P1 4745 212 91.6 globlastp 1481 LGD14 medicago|13v1|AW574030_P1 4746 212 91.4 globlastp 1482 LGD14 medicago|13v1|BF644444_P1 4747 212 91.2 globlastp 1483 LGD14 medicago|13v1|EX527915_P1 4748 212 90.4 globlastp 1484 LGD14 medicago|13v1|MT4_2013008160_P1 4749 212 87.9 globlastp 1485 LGD14 medicago|13v1|BG646946_P1 4750 212 86.6 globlastp 1486 LGD14 clover|14v1|ERR351508S19XK19C482422_P1 4751 212 85.4 globlastp 1487 LGD14 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C829798_P1 4752 212 85.1 globlastp 1488 LGD14 soybean|13v2|GLYMA06G06930 4753 212 84.1 globlastp 1489 LGD14 castorbean|14v2|XM_002519859_T1 4754 212 83.54 glotblastn 1490 LGD14 castorbean|12v1|XM_002519859 4755 212 83.4 globlastp 1491 LGD14 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054581X442011_P1 4756 212 83.4 globlastp 1492 LGD14 cotton|11v1|DT463070_P1 4757 212 82.8 globlastp 1493 LGD14 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|DT463070_P1 4758 212 82.6 globlastp 1494 LGD14 lettuce|12v1|DY984191_P1 4759 212 82.2 globlastp 1495 LGD14 cacao|13v1|SRR850732.1028059_P1 4760 212 82 globlastp 1496 LGD14 prunus|10v1|CO903008 4761 212 81.9 globlastp 1497 LGD14 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1063148_P1 4762 212 81.5 globlastp 1498 LGD14 medicago|13v1|EX531027_T1 4763 212 81.42 glotblastn 1499 LGD14 cassava|09v1|JGICASSAVA11048M1_P1 4764 212 81.4 globlastp 1500 LGD14 poplar|13v1|BU824343_P1 4765 212 81.4 globlastp 1501 LGD14 poplar|13v1|XM_002309614_P1 4766 212 81.4 globlastp 1502 LGD14 prunus_mume|13v1|PMBJFU12004665 4767 212 81.4 globlastp 1503 LGD14 aquilegia|10v2|JGIAC026797_P1 4768 212 81.3 globlastp 1504 LGD14 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X338510 4769 212 81.29 glotblastn 1505 LGD14 cucumber|09v1|BGI454G0138300_P1 4770 212 81.1 globlastp 1506 LGD14 apple|11v1|MDP0000405003_P1 4771 212 80.8 globlastp 1507 LGD14 bean|13v1|PHVUL009G090700_P1 4772 212 80.8 globlastp 1508 LGD14 watermelon|11v1|BTM04562632021998 4773 212 80.7 globlastp 1509 LGD14 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X119247D1_P1 4774 212 80.6 globlastp 1510 LGD14 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X127294D1_P1 4775 212 80.6 globlastp 1511 LGD14 sunflower|12v1|BU016762 4776 212 80.4 globlastp 1512 LGD14 prunus_mume|13v1|PMBJFU12004668 4777 212 80.1 globlastp 1513 LGD14 monkeyflower|12v1|MGJGI016314_T1 4778 212 80.08 glotblastn 1514 LGD14 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|FG166740_P1 4779 212 80 globlastp 1515 LGD14 prunus|10v1|PPA005113M 4780 212 80 globlastp 1516 LGD15 clover|14v1|BB922999_P1 4781 213 94 globlastp 1517 LGD15 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C199724_P1 4782 213 93.7 globlastp 1518 LGD15 clover|14v1|BB907928_P1 4783 213 93 globlastp 1519 LGD15 clover|gb162|BB907928 4784 213 92.6 globlastp 1520 LGD15 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.101387_P1 4785 213 91.5 globlastp 1521 LGD15 clover|14v1|FY461310_P1 4786 213 90.8 globlastp 1522 LGD15 bean|13v1|CA896594_P1 4787 213 84.3 globlastp 1523 LGD15 soybean|13v2|GLYMA02G36460 4788 213 84.3 globlastp 1524 LGD15 lotus|09v1|BP028972_P1 4789 213 83.6 globlastp 1525 LGD15 peanut|13v1|GO330186_P1 4790 213 83.6 globlastp 1526 LGD15 peanut|13v1|GO330186 — 213 83.6 globlastp 1527 LGD15 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.1117817_P1 4791 213 82.4 globlastp 1528 LGD15 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X104780_P1 4792 213 80.8 globlastp 1529 LGD16 clover|14v1|ERR351507S29XK29C50393_P1 4793 214 86.3 globlastp 1530 LGD16 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C171202_P1 4794 214 80.2 globlastp 1531 LGD17 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C798198_P1 4795 215 87.4 globlastp 1532 LGD17 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C183734_P1 4796 215 86.2 globlastp 1533 LGD17 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C192138_P1 4797 215 85.4 globlastp 1534 LGD17 soybean|13v2|GLYMA13G42500T2 4798 215 81.9 globlastp 1535 LGD17 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X101690_P1 4799 215 81 globlastp 1536 LGD18 soybean|13v2|GLYMA08G20610 4800 216 96.8 globlastp 1537 LGD18 bean|13v1|CA909055_P1 4801 216 91.7 globlastp 1538 LGD18 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X11199_P1 4802 216 91.7 globlastp 1539 LGD18 lupin|13v4|FG094591_T1 4803 216 87.68 glotblastn 1540 LGD18 chickpea|13v2|CK148903_P1 4804 216 86.6 globlastp 1541 LGD18 medicago|13v1|CX541608_P1 4805 216 84.4 globlastp 1542 LGD18 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X253352 4806 216 84.07 glotblastn 1543 LGD18 prunus_mume|13v1|CB819958 4807 216 82.3 globlastp 1544 LGD18 cacao|13v1|CU484590_P1 4808 216 81.8 globlastp 1545 LGD18 prunus|10v1|CB819958 4809 216 81.72 glotblastn 1546 LGD18 castorbean|12v1|EE257428 4810 216 81 globlastp 1547 LGD18 soybean|13v2|GLYMA15G02780 4811 216 80.9 globlastp 1548 LGD18 castorbean|14v2|EE257428_P1 4812 216 80.8 globlastp 1549 LGD18 poplar|13v1|BI130000_P1 4813 216 80.8 globlastp 1550 LGD19 peanut|13v1|CD037541_P1 217 217 100 globlastp 1551 LGD19 peanut|13v1|CX018034_P1 217 217 100 globlastp 1552 LGD19 peanut|13v1|EH043638_P1 217 217 100 globlastp 1553 LGD19 peanut|13v1|GO343046_P1 217 217 100 globlastp 1554 LGD19 cowpea|12v1|FC456845_P1 217 217 100 globlastp 1555 LGD19 peanut|13v1|CX018034 — 217 100 globlastp 1556 LGD19 peanut|13v1|EH043638 — 217 100 globlastp 1557 LGD19 peanut|13v1|SRR042421X194032_T1 — 217 98.44 glotblastn 1558 LGD19 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C237632_P1 4814 217 98.4 globlastp 1559 LGD19 clover|14v1|ERR351508S19XK19C466960_P1 4814 217 98.4 globlastp 1560 LGD19 peanut|13v1|SRR042421X110307_P1 4815 217 98.4 globlastp 1561 LGD19 peanut|13v1|SRR042421X110307 — 217 98.4 globlastp 1562 LGD19 vicia|14v1|FL503185_P1 4816 217 96.9 globlastp 1563 LGD19 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.19305_P1 4817 217 96.9 globlastp 1564 LGD19 lupin|13v4|SRR520490.10776_P1 4818 217 96.9 globlastp 1565 LGD19 medicago|13v1|AW698603_P1 4816 217 96.9 globlastp 1566 LGD19 soybean|13v2|GLYMA07G00761 4819 217 96.9 globlastp 1567 LGD19 bean|13v1|CA899342_P1 4820 217 96.9 globlastp 1568 LGD19 chickpea|13v2|DY475173_P1 4817 217 96.9 globlastp 1569 LGD19 cowpea|12v1|FG891394_P1 4821 217 95.3 globlastp 1570 LGD19 lupin|13v4|CA410831_P1 4822 217 95.3 globlastp 1571 LGD19 soybean|13v2|GLYMA20G11122 4823 217 95.3 globlastp 1572 LGD19 cyamopsis|10v1|EG974920_T1 4824 217 93.75 glotblastn 1573 LGD19 peanut|13v1|SRR057709X28772_T1 — 217 93.75 glotblastn 1574 LGD19 lupin|13v4|FG090447_P1 4825 217 92.2 globlastp 1575 LGD19 cacao|13v1|CU474438_P1 4826 217 90.6 globlastp 1576 LGD19 melon|10v1|DV634392_P1 4827 217 90.6 globlastp 1577 LGD19 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X124220 4828 217 90.6 globlastp 1578 LGD19 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X132574 4828 217 90.6 globlastp 1579 LGD19 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X13372 4828 217 90.6 globlastp 1580 LGD19 triphysaria|13v1|DR171571 4828 217 90.6 globlastp 1581 LGD19 monkeyflower|12v1|DV209526_P1 4829 217 90.6 globlastp 1582 LGD19 phyla|11v2|SRR099038X76130_P1 4830 217 90.6 globlastp 1583 LGD19 b_oleracea|14v1|DW998592_P1 4831 217 89.1 globlastp 1584 LGD19 triphysaria|13v1|EX982507 4832 217 89.1 globlastp 1585 LGD19 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|BY814668 4831 217 89.1 globlastp 1586 LGD19 soybean|13v2|GLYMA14G17863P1 4833 217 88.41 glotblastn 1587 LGD19 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01AL5MQ_P1 4834 217 87.5 globlastp 1588 LGD19 blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X101719D1_P1 4835 217 87.5 globlastp 1589 LGD19 blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X11210D1_P1 4835 217 87.5 globlastp 1590 LGD19 blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X37151D1_P1 4835 217 87.5 globlastp 1591 LGD19 cucumber|09v1|CO996177_P1 4836 217 87.5 globlastp 1592 LGD19 papaya|gb165|EX252172_P1 4837 217 87.5 globlastp 1593 LGD19 peanut|13v1|SRR042419X207174_T1 4838 217 87.5 glotblastn 1594 LGD19 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X102562 4839 217 87.5 globlastp 1595 LGD19 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X118601 4840 217 87.5 globlastp 1596 LGD19 bruguiera|gb166|BP939355_P1 4841 217 87.5 globlastp 1597 LGD19 basilicum|13v1|DY325883_P1 4842 217 87.5 globlastp 1598 LGD19 onion|14v1|SRR073446X301055D1_T1 4843 217 85.94 glotblastn 1599 LGD19 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01AK3SF_T1 4844 217 85.94 glotblastn 1600 LGD19 b_oleracea|14v1|CA991716_P1 4845 217 85.9 globlastp 1601 LGD19 b_oleracea|14v1|CN731983_P1 4845 217 85.9 globlastp 1602 LGD19 onion|14v1|ALLC13V1K19C774195_P1 4846 217 85.9 globlastp 1603 LGD19 onion|14v1|BQ580005_P1 4847 217 85.9 globlastp 1604 LGD19 onion|14v1|SRR073446X101146D1_P1 4847 217 85.9 globlastp 1605 LGD19 onion|14v1|SRR073446X101370D1_P1 4847 217 85.9 globlastp 1606 LGD19 onion|14v1|SRR073446X212927D1_P1 4847 217 85.9 globlastp 1607 LGD19 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1039218_P1 4848 217 85.9 globlastp 1608 LGD19 arabidopsis|13v2|AT1G15270_P1 4849 217 85.9 globlastp 1609 LGD19 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01C9FTC_P1 4845 217 85.9 globlastp 1610 LGD19 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091277X110746_P1 4850 217 85.9 globlastp 1611 LGD19 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091277X111404_P1 4850 217 85.9 globlastp 1612 LGD19 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091277X125252_P1 4850 217 85.9 globlastp 1613 LGD19 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AW187456_P1 4851 217 85.9 globlastp 1614 LCD19 momordica|10v1|SRR071315S0009253_P1 4852 217 85.9 globlastp 1615 LGD19 onion|12v1|BQ580005 4847 217 85.9 globlastp 1616 LGD19 onion|12v1|SRR073446X101146D1 4847 217 85.9 globlastp 1617 LGD19 onion|12v1|SRR073446X110129D1 4847 217 85.9 globlastp 1618 LGD19 onion|12v1|SRR073446X167044D1 4847 217 85.9 globlastp 1619 LGD19 onion|12v1|SRR073446X208382D1 4847 217 85.9 globlastp 1620 LGD19 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X122982_P1 4853 217 85.9 globlastp 1621 LGD19 prunus_mume|13v1|BU042914 4854 217 85.9 globlastp 1622 LGD19 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|BY814668 4845 217 85.9 globlastp 1623 LGD19 watermelon|11v1|BTM04705034172358 4855 217 85.9 globlastp 1624 LGD19 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|AA720043_P1 4849 217 85.9 globlastp 1625 LGD19 radish|gb164|EV566491 4845 217 85.9 globlastp 1626 LGD19 radish|gb164|FD968152 4845 217 85.9 globlastp 1627 LGD19 sesame|12v1|BU668569 4856 217 85.9 globlastp 1628 LGD19 radish|gb164|EV528224 4857 217 85.9 globlastp 1629 LGD19 poplar|13v1|AI163654_P1 4858 217 85.9 globlastp 1630 LGD19 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X103362D1_P1 4859 217 85.9 globlastp 1631 LGD19 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C12663_P1 4860 217 84.4 globlastp 1632 LGD19 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C18308_P1 4860 217 84.4 globlastp 1633 LGD19 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C3530_P1 4860 217 84.4 globlastp 1634 LGD19 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C56421_P1 4860 217 84.4 globlastp 1635 LGD19 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C73540_P1 4860 217 84.4 globlastp 1636 LGD19 carrot|14v1|BSS11K35C73270_P1 4860 217 84.4 globlastp 1637 LGD19 carrot|14v1|BSS8K19C126995_P1 4860 217 84.4 globlastp 1638 LGD19 carrot|14v1|JG766866_P1 4860 217 84.4 globlastp 1639 LGD19 onion|14v1|SRR073446X110820D1_P1 4861 217 84.4 globlastp 1640 LGD19 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C378673_P1 4860 217 84.4 globlastp 1641 LGD19 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X104877_P1 4862 217 84.4 globlastp 1642 LGD19 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.121957_P1 4863 217 84.4 globlastp 1643 LGD19 monkeyflower|12v1|SRR037227.110601_P1 4864 217 84.4 globlastp 1644 LGD19 nasturtium|11v1|GH162110_P1 4865 217 84.4 globlastp 1645 LGD19 onion|12v1|SRR073446X110820D1 4861 217 84.4 globlastp 1646 LGD19 ginseng|13v1|GR873071_P1 4863 217 84.4 globlastp 1647 LGD19 basilicum|13v1|DY322210_P1 4866 217 84.4 globlastp 1648 LGD19 onion|14v1|SRR073446X172704D1_T1 4867 217 84.38 glotblastn 1649 LGD19 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.282611_T1 4868 217 84.38 glotblastn 1650 LGD19 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.112191_T1 — 217 84.38 glotblastn 1651 LGD19 onion|14v1|SRR073446X328558D1_T1 4869 217 82.81 glotblastn 1652 LGD19 spurge|gb161|DV146098 4870 217 82.81 glotblastn 1653 LGD19 banana|14v1|DN239162_P1 4871 217 82.8 globlastp 1654 LGD19 castorbean|14v2|EE260650_P1 4872 217 82.8 globlastp 1655 LGD19 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK19C103714_P1 4873 217 82.8 globlastp 1656 LGD19 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X51844D1_P1 4874 217 82.8 globlastp 1657 LGD19 onion|14v1|ALLC13V1K19C678218_P1 4875 217 82.8 globlastp 1658 LGD19 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1451528_P1 4873 217 82.8 globlastp 1659 LGD19 cycas|gb166|CB089851_P1 4876 217 82.8 globlastp 1660 LGD19 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V12497682_P1 4877 217 82.8 globlastp 1661 LGD19 eschscholzia|11v1|SRR014116.104612_P1 4878 217 82.8 globlastp 1662 LGD19 eschscholzia|11v1|SRR014116.114999_P1 4879 217 82.8 globlastp 1663 LGD19 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.10373_P1 4880 217 82.8 globlastp 1664 LGD19 ginseng|13v1|SRR547985.441654_P1 4880 217 82.8 globlastp 1665 LGD19 oil_palm|11v1|EL691353_P1 4881 217 82.8 globlastp 1666 LGD19 watermelon|11v1|CO996177 4882 217 82.8 globlastp 1667 LGD19 walnuts|gb166|CV195464 4883 217 82.8 globlastp 1668 LGD19 banana|12v1|DN239342 4884 217 82.8 globlastp 1669 LGD19 lettuce|12v1|DW049157_P1 4885 217 82.8 globlastp 1670 LGD19 tamarix|gb166|EG967706 4886 217 82.8 globlastp 1671 LGD19 banana|12v1|DN239162 4871 217 82.8 globlastp 1672 LGD19 olea|13v1|SRR014463X10998D1_P1 4887 217 82.8 globlastp 1673 LGD19 lettuce|12v1|DW045542_P1 4885 217 82.8 globlastp 1674 LGD19 coconut|14v1|JG390744_T1 4888 217 81.25 glotblastn 1675 LGD19 humulus|11v1|CO653667_T1 4889 217 81.25 glotblastn 1676 LGD19 onion|12v1|SRR073446X155731D1 4890 217 81.25 glotblastn 1677 LGD19 onion|12v1|SRR073446X440569D1 4891 217 81.25 glotblastn 1678 LGD19 sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.157242 4892 217 81.25 glotblastn 1679 LGD19 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X101293D1_P1 4893 217 81.2 globlastp 1680 LGD19 chichorium|14v1|EH698997_P1 4894 217 81.2 globlastp 1681 LGD19 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1291288_P1 4895 217 81.2 globlastp 1682 LGD19 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C685497_P1 4896 217 81.2 globlastp 1683 LGD19 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X135704D1_P1 4897 217 81.2 globlastp 1684 LGD19 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X176D1_P1 4897 217 81.2 globlastp 1685 LGD19 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK564661_P1 4898 217 81.2 globlastp 1686 LGD19 arabidopsis|13v2|AT3G16040_P1 4899 217 81.2 globlastp 1687 LGD19 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11448437_P1 4900 217 81.2 globlastp 1688 LGD19 euphorbia|11v1|DV146098_P1 4901 217 81.2 globlastp 1689 LGD19 ginseng|13v1|GR873371_P1 4902 217 81.2 globlastp 1690 LGD19 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01017091001_P1 4903 217 81.2 globlastp 1691 LGD19 hevea|10v1|EC608031_P1 4904 217 81.2 globlastp 1692 LGD19 maize|13v2|AI901386_P1 4898 217 81.2 globlastp 1693 LGD19 olea|13v1|SRR014463X10408D1_P1 4905 217 81.2 globlastp 1694 LGD19 olea|13v1|SRR014463X10553D1_P1 4905 217 81.2 globlastp 1695 LGD19 olea|13v1|SRR014463X10772D1_P1 4905 217 81.2 globlastp 1696 LGD19 olea|13v1|SRR014464X14768D1_P1 4906 217 81.2 globlastp 1697 LGD19 olea|13v1|SRR592583X104042D1_P1 4906 217 81.2 globlastp 1698 LGD19 maize|13v2|T18674_P1 4897 217 81.2 globlastp 1699 LGD19 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X100110 4898 217 81.2 globlastp 1700 LGD19 lovegrass|gb167|EH186316_P1 4907 217 81.2 globlastp 1701 LGD19 sorghum|13v2|BE364183 4898 217 81.2 globlastp 1702 LGD19 switchgrass|12v1|FE622613 4908 217 81.2 globlastp 1703 LGD19 switchgrass|12v1|FL710955 4909 217 81.2 globlastp 1704 LGD19 zostera|12v1|AM766369 4910 217 81.2 globlastp 1705 LGD19 spurge|gb161|DV119597 4911 217 81.2 globlastp 1706 LGD19 cichorium|14v1|DT212035_P1 4894 217 81.2 globlastp 1707 LGD19 banana|14v1|DN239342_P1 4912 217 81.2 globlastp 1708 LGD19 pineapple|14v1|CO731246_P1 4913 217 81.2 globlastp 1709 LGD19 cichorium|14v1|FL679916_P1 4894 217 81.2 globlastp 1710 LGD20 soybean|13v2|GLYMA18G01580 4914 218 99.8 globlastp 1711 LGD20 bean|13v1|CA898352_P1 4915 218 97 globlastp 1712 LGD20 peanut|13v1|EE126045_P1 4916 218 96.1 globlastp 1713 LGD20 peanut|13v1|GO330342_T1 4917 218 95.7 glotblastn 1714 LGD20 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C166176_P1 4918 218 94.8 globlastp 1715 LGD20 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C769668_P1 4918 218 94.8 globlastp 1716 LGD20 clover|14v1|ERR351507S29XK29C114203_P1 4918 218 94.8 globlastp 1717 LGD20 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.1026651_P1 4919 218 94.6 globlastp 1718 LGD20 tomato|13v1|BG129608 4920 218 94.2 globlastp 1719 LGD20 medicago|13v1|AW256519_P1 4921 218 93.8 globlastp 1720 LGD20 lupin|13v4|FG093478_P1 4922 218 93.6 globlastp 1721 LGD20 cacao|13v1|CA796831_P1 4923 218 93.3 globlastp 1722 LGD20 pepper|14v1|BM061690_P1 4924 218 93.1 globlastp 1723 LGD20 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI054652_P1 4925 218 93.1 globlastp 1724 LGD20 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X100414D1_P1 4926 218 92.9 globlastp 1725 LGD20 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01020856001_P1 4927 218 92.9 globlastp 1726 LGD20 castorbean|14v2|T15265_P1 4928 218 92.7 globlastp 1727 LGD20 ginseng|13v1|JK985176_P1 4929 218 92.7 globlastp 1728 LGD20 basilicum|13v1|DY340253_P1 4930 218 92.5 globlastp 1729 LGD20 ginseng|13v1|CN846371_P1 4931 218 92.5 globlastp 1730 LGD20 ginseng|13v1|ES673143_P1 4932 218 92.5 globlastp 1731 LGD20 liriodendron|gb166|CK755344_P1 4933 218 92.5 globlastp 1732 LGD20 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI725994_P1 4934 218 92.5 globlastp 1733 LGD20 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|DT557120_P1 4935 218 92.3 globlastp 1734 LGD20 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1293463_P1 4936 218 92.1 globlastp 1735 LGD20 lupin|13v4|SRR520490.65646_P1 4937 218 92.1 globlastp 1736 LGD20 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C121718_P1 4938 218 91.8 globlastp 1737 LGD20 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1635019_P1 4939 218 91.8 globlastp 1738 LGD20 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K40C113933_P1 4939 218 91.8 globlastp 1739 LGD20 centaurea|11v1|EH715275_P1 4940 218 91.8 globlastp 1740 LGD20 centaurea|11v1|EH755528_P1 4940 218 91.8 globlastp 1741 LGD20 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1057878_P1 4941 218 91.6 globlastp 1742 LGD20 sorghum|13v2|AW282750 4942 218 91.6 globlastp 1743 LGD20 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X105913 4943 218 91.6 globlastp 1744 LGD20 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK553283_P1 4943 218 91.6 globlastp 1745 LGD20 triphysaria|13v1|BM357149 4944 218 91.6 globlastp 1746 LGD20 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K23C319676_P1 4945 218 91.4 globlastp 1747 LGD20 triphysaria|13v1|EX988460 4946 218 91.4 glotblastn 1748 LGD20 safflower|gb162|EL375744 4947 218 91.4 globlastp 1749 LGD20 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039408X10628D1_P1 4948 218 91.2 globlastp 1750 LGD20 rice|13v2|AA753506 4949 218 91.2 globlastp 1751 LGD20 cichorium|14v1|EL364327_P1 4950 218 91 globlastp 1752 LGD20 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X128078D1_P1 4951 218 91 globlastp 1753 LGD20 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X1456D1_P1 4952 218 91 globlastp 1754 LGD20 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X161593D1_P1 4952 218 91 globlastp 1755 LGD20 cenchrus|13v1|EB653919_P1 4953 218 91 globlastp 1756 LGD20 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X10524 4954 218 91 globlastp 1757 LGD20 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK565335_P1 4954 218 91 globlastp 1758 LGD20 cichorium|14v1|CII14V1K19C156791_P1 4955 218 90.8 globlastp 1759 LGD20 b_oleracea|14v1|DY006806_P1 4956 218 90.7 globlastp 1760 LGD20 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI3G33860 4957 218 90.7 globlastp 1761 LGD20 brachypodium|14v1|DV484754_P1 4957 218 90.7 globlastp 1762 LGD20 maize|13v2|AA979999_P1 4958 218 90.7 globlastp 1763 LGD20 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|DN774318 4959 218 90.7 globlastp 1764 LGD20 sorghum|13v2|AI724638 4960 218 90.7 globlastp 1765 LGD20 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|DN774318 4959 218 90.7 globlastp 1766 LGD20 radish|gb164|EW731499 4961 218 90.5 globlastp 1767 LGD20 b_oleracea|14v1|CN735656_P1 4962 218 90.3 globlastp 1768 LGD20 banana|14v1|BBS440T3_P1 4963 218 90.3 globlastp 1769 LGD20 arabidopsis|13v2|AT1G24510_P1 4964 218 90.3 globlastp 1770 LGD20 b_oleracea|14v1|EE518468_P1 4965 218 90.1 globlastp 1771 LGD20 cichorium|14v1|EH673881_P1 4966 218 90.1 globlastp 1772 LGD20 maize|13v2|AI932058_P1 4967 218 90.1 globlastp 1773 LGD20 cichorium|14v1|CII14V1K19S003069_P1 4966 218 90.1 globlastp 1774 LGD20 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K19C1518012_P1 4968 218 89.9 globlastp 1775 LGD20 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X66257D1_P1 4968 218 89.9 globlastp 1776 LGD20 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR797216S19XK19C110181_P1 4969 218 89.7 globlastp 1777 LGD20 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V12186867_P1 4970 218 89.6 globlastp 1778 LGD20 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X105177D1_P1 4971 218 89.5 globlastp 1779 LGD20 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G37790 4972 218 89.5 globlastp 1780 LGD20 brachypodium|14v1|DV475418_P1 4972 218 89.5 globlastp 1781 LGD20 banana|14v1|FF558852_P1 4973 218 89.3 globlastp 1782 LGD20 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V1451162_P1 4974 218 89.3 globlastp 1783 LGD20 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X493052 4975 218 89.3 globlastp 1784 LGD20 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X19569D1_P1 4976 218 89.2 globlastp 1785 LGD20 onion|14v1|SRR073446X106322D1_P1 4977 218 89.2 globlastp 1786 LGD20 onion|14v1|SRR073446X113582D1_P1 4978 218 89.2 globlastp 1787 LGD20 fescue|13v1|CK801053_P1 4979 218 89.2 globlastp 1788 LGD20 cichorium|14v1|EH703370_P1 4980 218 88.6 globlastp 1789 LGD20 oat|14v1|CN815217_P1 4981 218 88.6 globlastp 1790 LGD20 vicia|14v1|HX905681_P1 4982 218 88.6 globlastp 1791 LGD20 fescue|13v1|DT686392_P1 4983 218 88.6 globlastp 1792 LGD20 lolium|13v1|DT669600_P1 4983 218 88.6 globlastp 1793 LGD20 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X11981 4984 218 88.6 globlastp 1794 LGD20 onion|14v1|SRR073446X237373D1_T1 4985 218 88.41 glotblastn 1795 LGD20 centaurea|11v1|EH743369_T1 4986 218 88.41 glotblastn 1796 LGD20 onion|14v1|SRR073446X113522D1_P1 4987 218 88.4 globlastp 1797 LGD20 onion|14v1|SRR073446X133866D1_P1 4988 218 88.4 globlastp 1798 LGD20 oat|14v1|GR334940_T1 4989 218 88.22 glotblastn 1799 LGD20 onion|14v1|SRR073446X462890D1_P1 4990 218 88.2 globlastp 1800 LGD20 oat|14v1|CN817660_P1 4991 218 88 globlastp 1801 LGD20 oat|14v1|SRR020744X169055D1_P1 4991 218 88 globlastp 1802 LGD20 oat|14v1|X75777_P1 4991 218 88 globlastp 1803 LGD20 oat|14v1|GR334939_P1 4992 218 87.9 globlastp 1804 LGD20 onion|14v1|SRR073446X15985D1_P1 4993 218 87.9 globlastp 1805 LGD20 onion|14v1|SRR073446X163151D1_P1 4994 218 87.9 globlastp 1806 LGD20 onion|14v1|SRR073446X858383D1_P1 4995 218 87.7 globlastp 1807 LGD20 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X89879D1_P1 4996 218 87.5 globlastp 1808 LGD20 centaurea|11v1|EH713231_P1 4997 218 85.4 globlastp 1809 LGD20 physcomitrella|13v1|AW145268_P1 4998 218 84.9 globlastp 1810 LGD20 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X13493D1_P1 4999 218 84 globlastp 1811 LGD20 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C148090_T1 5000 218 82.24 glotblastn 1812 LGD20 oat|14v1|GR364981_P1 5001 218 82.2 globlastp 1813 LGD20 cichorium|14v1|CII14V1K29C37161_P1 5002 218 81.9 globlastp 1814 LGD20 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C150252_T1 5003 218 80.56 glotblastn 1815 LGD20 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X25571D1_P1 5004 218 80.2 globlastp 1816 LGD21 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X10842_P1 5005 219 90.6 globlastp 1817 LGD21 bean|13v1|FG233192_P1 5006 219 88.3 globlastp 1818 LGD21 medicago|13v1|AW559710_P1 5007 219 85.4 globlastp 1819 LGD21 chickpea|13v2|GR394709_P1 5008 219 85.3 globlastp 1820 LGD21 clover|14v1|ERR351507S40XK40C78732_P1 5009 219 85 globlastp 1821 LGD21 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C658311_P1 5010 219 82.5 globlastp 1822 LGD21 lupin|13v4|SRR520490.102106_T1 5011 219 80.74 glotblastn 1823 LGD23 soybean|13v2|GLYMA10G23790 5012 220 95.8 globlastp 1824 LGD23 bean|13v1|PVU72663_P1 5013 220 94.2 globlastp 1825 LGD23 cowpea|12v1|FF382994_P1 5014 220 94.2 globlastp 1826 LGD23 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X128588_P1 5015 220 90.7 globlastp 1827 LGD23 lotus|09v1|AW720314_P1 5016 220 83.5 globlastp 1828 LGD23 chickpea|13v2|AJ133715_P1 5017 220 82.3 globlastp 1829 LGD23 clover|14v1|ERR351507S23XK23C143808_P1 5018 220 81.3 globlastp 1830 LGD23 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C220874_P1 5019 220 81 globlastp 1831 LGD23 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C223734_P1 5020 220 81 globlastp 1832 LGD23 clover|14v1|FY455481_T1 5021 220 80.65 glotblastn 1833 LGD23 medicago|13v1|AB028149_P1 5022 220 80.6 globlastp 1834 LGD23 peanut|13v1|EE126217_P1 5023 220 80.6 globlastp 1835 LGD23 peanut|13v1|ES706929_P1 5024 220 80.6 globlastp 1836 LGD23 peanut|13v1|ES710706_P1 5023 220 80.6 globlastp 1837 LGD23 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X443474 5025 220 80.32 glotblastn 1838 LGD23 lupin|13v4|DT454378_P1 5026 220 80.3 globlastp 1839 LGD24 potato|10v1|BE922423_P1 5027 221 96.8 globlastp 1840 LGD24 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAF233745 5027 221 96.8 globlastp 1841 LGD24 eggplant|10v1|FS070678_P1 5028 221 93.7 globlastp 1842 LGD24 pepper|12v1|CA517600 5029 221 92.1 globlastp 1843 LGD24 tobacco|gb162|EB424667 5030 221 91.3 globlastp 1844 LGD24 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|CN747852_P1 5031 221 89.3 globlastp 1845 LGD24 pepper|14v1|CA517600_P1 5032 221 86 globlastp 1846 LGD24 petunia|gb171|CV296341_P1 5033 221 85 globlastp 1847 LGD24 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|CN742228_P1 5034 221 84.2 globlastp 1848 LGD24 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP535443_P1 5035 221 83 globlastp 1849 LGD24 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP745706_P1 5036 221 83 globlastp 1850 LGD24 potato|10v1|AJ487439_P1 5037 221 82.6 globlastp 1851 LGD24 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG125297 5038 221 81.8 globlastp 1852 LGD24 tomato|13v1|BG125297 5039 221 81.4 globlastp 1853 LGD24 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X101263 5040 221 81.2 globlastp 1854 LGD24 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X105569_P1 5041 221 80.1 globlastp 1855 LGD24 sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.102079 5042 221 80 globlastp 1856 LGD26 potato|10v1|BQ512820_P1 5043 223 97.8 globlastp 1857 LGD26 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAW219459 5044 223 96.3 globlastp 1858 LGD26 eggplant|10v1|FS013685_P1 5045 223 88.9 globlastp 1859 LGD26 petunia|gb171|FN000755_P1 5046 223 86.8 globlastp 1860 LGD26 tobacco|gb162|CV020977 5047 223 86 globlastp 1861 LGD26 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|CV020977_P1 5048 223 84.6 globlastp 1862 LGD26 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB444991_P1 5049 223 84.6 globlastp 1863 LGD26 pepper|14v1|CA516618_P1 5050 223 83.7 globlastp 1864 LGD26 pepper|12v1|CA516618 5050 223 83.7 globlastp 1867 LGM4 sorghum|13v2|CF487357 5053 225 98.9 globlastp 1868 LGM4 maize|13v2|AW017599_P1 5054 225 97.8 globlastp 1869 LGM4 switchgrass|12v1|FE636390 5055 225 97.2 globlastp 1870 LGM4 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X103618 5056 225 96.6 globlastp 1871 LGM4 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK594703_P1 5056 225 96.6 globlastp 1872 LGM4 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X115159D1_P1 5057 225 96.1 globlastp 1873 LGM4 sugarcane|10v1|CA077612 5058 225 95.51 glotblastn 1874 LGM4 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X229200D1_P1 5059 225 94.9 globlastp 1875 LGM4 rice|13v2|BE228750 5060 225 92.7 globlastp 1876 LGM4 millet|10v1|EVO454PM058815_P1 5061 225 90.4 globlastp 1877 LGM4 switchgrass|12v1|FL717785 5062 225 88.2 globlastp 1878 LGM4 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G07490 5063 225 87.6 globlastp 1879 LGM4 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003565776_P1 5063 225 87.6 globlastp 1880 LGM4 rye|12v1|DRR001012.10524 5064 225 86.5 globlastp 1881 LGM4 oat|14v1|CN817000_P1 5065 225 86 globlastp 1882 LGM4 oat|14v1|SRR020742X3530D1_P1 5066 225 86 globlastp 1883 LGM4 lolium|13v1|SRR029312X10533_P1 5067 225 86 globlastp 1884 LGM4 wheat|12v3|AW448835 5068 225 86 globlastp 1885 LGM4 switchgrass|12v1|DN142669 5069 225 84.8 globlastp 1886 LGM4 echinochloa|14v1|ECHC14V1K23C368882_P1 5070 225 82 globlastp 1887 LGM5 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X140521 5071 226 99.5 globlastp 1888 LGM5 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK580260_P1 5071 226 99.5 globlastp 1889 LGM5 millet|10v1|EVO454PM127880_P1 5071 226 99.5 globlastp 1890 LGM5 sorghum|13v2|BE919023 5072 226 99.5 globlastp 1891 LGM5 sugarcane|10v1|CA124005 5073 226 99.5 globlastp 1892 LGM5 switchgrass|12v1|FL731202 5071 226 99.5 globlastp 1893 LGM5 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI4G19670 5074 226 99 globlastp 1894 LGM5 brachypodium|14v1|GT776458_P1 5074 226 99 globlastp 1895 LGM5 sorghum|13v2|EH411931 5075 226 99 globlastp 1896 LGM5 sugarcane|10v1|BQ530095 5076 226 99 globlastp 1897 LGM5 switchgrass|12v1|DN143807 5077 226 99 globlastp 1898 LGM5 oat|14v1|GO587242_P1 5078 226 98.5 globlastp 1899 LGM5 fescue|13v1|GO796661_P1 5078 226 98.5 globlastp 1900 LGM5 lolium|13v1|SRR029311X6608_P1 5078 226 98.5 globlastp 1901 LGM5 pineapple|14v1|CO731497_P1 5079 226 97.9 globlastp 1902 LGM5 cynodon|10v1|ES292627_P1 5080 226 97.9 globlastp 1903 LGM5 oat|11v1|GO587242 5081 226 97.9 globlastp 1904 LGM5 pineapple|10v1|CO731497 5079 226 97.9 globlastp 1905 LGM5 rye|12v1|DRR001012.278993 5082 226 97.42 glotblastn 1906 LGM5 barley|12v1|BF259026_P1 5083 226 97.4 globlastp 1907 LGM5 pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF340470 5084 226 97.4 globlastp 1908 LGM5 rice|13v2|AU173173 5085 226 97.4 globlastp 1909 LGM5 rye|12v1|DRR001012.147425 5083 226 97.4 globlastp 1910 LGM5 rye|12v1|DRR001012.403462 5086 226 97.4 globlastp 1911 LGM5 wheat|12v3|BE400964 5087 226 96.9 globlastp 1912 LGM5 banana|14v1|FF557605_P1 5088 226 96.4 globlastp 1913 LGM5 banana|12v1|FF557605 5088 226 96.4 globlastp 1914 LGM5 rye|12v1|DRR001012.105745 5089 226 96.4 globlastp 1915 LGM5 wheat|12v3|AL819796 5090 226 96.4 globlastp 1916 LGM5 wheat|12v3|CA602332 5091 226 95.4 globlastp 1917 LGM5 phyla|11v2|SRR099035X101851_P1 5092 226 94.8 globlastp 1918 LGM5 centaurea|11v1|SRR346941.103112_T1 5093 226 94.33 glotblastn 1919 LGM5 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1742349_P1 5094 226 94.3 globlastp 1920 LGM5 cassava|09v1|JGICASSAVA38046VALIDM1_P1 5095 226 94.3 globlastp 1921 LGM5 centaurea|11v1|EH716322_P1 5096 226 94.3 globlastp 1922 LGM5 centaurea|11v1|EH750899_P1 5096 226 94.3 globlastp 1923 LGM5 centaurea|11v1|EH778876_P1 5096 226 94.3 globlastp 1924 LGM5 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1015362_P1 5096 226 94.3 globlastp 1925 LGM5 cynara|gb167|GE586252_P1 5097 226 94.3 globlastp 1926 LGM5 oil_palm|11v1|EL688624_P1 5094 226 94.3 globlastp 1927 LGM5 sesame|12v1|SESI12V1400035 5098 226 94.3 globlastp 1928 LGM5 cichorium|14v1|CII14V1K19C851803_P1 5099 226 93.8 globlastp 1929 LGM5 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X135194D1_P1 5100 226 93.8 globlastp 1930 LGM5 aristolochia|10v1|FD757924_P1 5101 226 93.8 globlastp 1931 LGM5 cassava|09v1|JGICASSAVA12198VALIDM1_P1 5102 226 93.8 globlastp 1932 LGM5 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X191565_P1 5103 226 93.8 globlastp 1933 LGM5 euphorbia|11v1|DV120773_P1 5104 226 93.8 globlastp 1934 LGM5 ginger|gb164|DY357861_P1 5105 226 93.8 globlastp 1935 LGM5 humulus|11v1|EX517172_P1 5106 226 93.8 globlastp 1936 LGM5 scabiosa|11v1|SRR063723X104109 5107 226 93.8 globlastp 1937 LGM5 carrot|14v1|JG753197_P1 5108 226 93.3 globlastp 1938 LGM5 castorbean|14v2|XM_002523451_P1 5109 226 93.3 globlastp 1939 LGM5 cichorium|14v1|EH696095_P1 5110 226 93.3 globlastp 1940 LGM5 cichorium|14v1|EL354803_P1 5110 226 93.3 globlastp 1941 LGM5 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1075142_P1 5111 226 93.3 globlastp 1942 LGM5 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.192781_P1 5112 226 93.3 globlastp 1943 LGM5 b_juncea|12v1|BJUN12V11066861_P1 5113 226 93.3 globlastp 1944 LGM5 beech|11v1|FR595200_P1 5114 226 93.3 globlastp 1945 LGM5 castorbean|12v1|XM_002523451 5109 226 93.3 globlastp 1946 LGM5 clementine|11v1|BQ622925_P1 5115 226 93.3 globlastp 1947 LGM5 cowpea|12v1|FC460654_P1 5116 226 93.3 globlastp 1948 LGM5 cucumber|09v1|CK755581_P1 5117 226 93.3 globlastp 1949 LGM5 cucurbita|11v1|FG227206XX1_P1 5118 226 93.3 globlastp 1950 LGM5 eucalyptus|11v2|SRR001658X12387_P1 5119 226 93.3 globlastp 1951 LGM5 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.122999_P1 5120 226 93.3 globlastp 1952 LGM5 ginseng|13v1|CN847404_P1 5121 226 93.3 globlastp 1953 LGM5 ipomoea_nil|10v1|BJ553333_P1 5122 226 93.3 globlastp 1954 LGM5 monkeyflower|12v1|SRR037227.123728_P1 5123 226 93.3 globlastp 1955 LGM5 oak|10v1|FP030884_P1 5124 226 93.3 globlastp 1956 LGM5 orange|11v1|BQ622925_P1 5115 226 93.3 globlastp 1957 LGM5 papaya|gb165|EX245826_P1 5125 226 93.3 globlastp 1958 LGM5 poppy|11v1|FE965330_P1 5126 226 93.3 globlastp 1959 LGM5 prunus_mume|13v1|BU039273 5127 226 93.3 globlastp 1960 LGM5 prunus|10v1|BU039273 5127 226 93.3 globlastp 1961 LGM5 safflower|gb162|EL399163 5128 226 93.3 globlastp 1962 LGM5 sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.101796 5129 226 93.3 globlastp 1963 LGM5 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X154059 5130 226 93.3 globlastp 1964 LGM5 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X103382 5131 226 93.3 globlastp 1965 LGM5 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X118253 5132 226 93.3 globlastp 1966 LGM5 watermelon|11v1|CK755581 5133 226 93.3 globlastp 1967 LGM5 b_oleracea|14v1|CA992329_P1 5134 226 92.8 globlastp 1968 LGM5 b_oleracea|14v1|CN736779_P1 5135 226 92.8 globlastp 1969 LGM5 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K19C1351748_P1 5136 226 92.8 globlastp 1970 LGM5 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X64809D1_P1 5137 226 92.8 globlastp 1971 LGM5 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X143658D1_P1 5138 226 92.8 globlastp 1972 LGM5 onion|14v1|FS214306_P1 5139 226 92.8 globlastp 1973 LGM5 onion|14v1|SRR073446X100617D1_P1 5139 226 92.8 globlastp 1974 LGM5 apple|11v1|CN916898_P1 5140 226 92.8 globlastp 1975 LGM5 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|AA394695_P1 5141 226 92.8 globlastp 1976 LGM5 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ02HJHE5_P1 5135 226 92.8 globlastp 1977 LGM5 b_rapa|11v1|CA992329_P1 5134 226 92.8 globlastp 1978 LGM5 b_rapa|11v1|CD825800_P1 5142 226 92.8 globlastp 1979 LGM5 blueberry|12v1|CF811679_P1 5143 226 92.8 globlastp 1980 LGM5 cacao|13v1|CA795065_P1 5144 226 92.8 globlastp 1981 LGM5 canola|11v1|CN736779_P1 5135 226 92.8 globlastp 1982 LGM5 canola|11v1|DY024097_P1 5135 226 92.8 globlastp 1983 LGM5 canola|11v1|EE456190_P1 5134 226 92.8 globlastp 1984 LGM5 canola|11v1|ES959696_P1 5134 226 92.8 globlastp 1985 LGM5 centaurea|11v1|EH779348_P1 5145 226 92.8 globlastp 1986 LGM5 cichorium|gb171|EH696095 5146 226 92.8 globlastp 1987 LGM5 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1018218_P1 5147 226 92.8 globlastp 1988 LGM5 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.856095_P1 5147 226 92.8 globlastp 1989 LGM5 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11520403_P1 5147 226 92.8 globlastp 1990 LGM5 eggplant|10v1|FS013736_P1 5148 226 92.8 globlastp 1991 LGM5 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.137173_P1 5149 226 92.8 globlastp 1992 LGM5 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01023596001_P1 5150 226 92.8 globlastp 1993 LGM5 hornbeam|12v1|SRR364455.104382_P1 5151 226 92.8 globlastp 1994 LGM5 onion|12v1|SRR073446X100617D1 5139 226 92.8 globlastp 1995 LGM5 phyla|11v2|SRR099037X167282_P1 5152 226 92.8 globlastp 1996 LGM5 plantago|11v2|SRR066373X128810_P1 5153 226 92.8 globlastp 1997 LGM5 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X113399_P1 5154 226 92.8 globlastp 1998 LGM5 poplar|13v1|BI129981_P1 5155 226 92.8 globlastp 1999 LGM5 radish|gb164|EV528928 5134 226 92.8 globlastp 2000 LGM5 radish|gb164|EX757476 5134 226 92.8 globlastp 2001 LGM5 rose|12v1|SRR397984.132568 5156 226 92.8 globlastp 2002 LGM5 sunflower|12v1|CD858397 5147 226 92.8 globlastp 2003 LGM5 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X122772 5157 226 92.8 globlastp 2004 LGM5 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|SRR487818.143789 5158 226 92.8 globlastp 2005 LGM5 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|SRR487818.412753 5158 226 92.8 globlastp 2006 LGM5 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X170735 5159 226 92.8 globlastp 2007 LGM5 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X16162 5160 226 92.8 globlastp 2008 LGM5 walnuts|gb166|CV198344 5161 226 92.8 globlastp 2009 LGM5 zostera|12v1|AM767880 5162 226 92.8 globlastp 2010 LGM5 dandelion|10v1|DR402561_T1 5163 226 92.78 glotblastn 2011 LGM5 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X154988D1_P1 5164 226 92.3 globlastp 2012 LGM5 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X438138D1_P1 5165 226 92.3 globlastp 2013 LGM5 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X68511D1_P1 5166 226 92.3 globlastp 2014 LGM5 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X137677_P1 5167 226 92.3 globlastp 2015 LGM5 arabidopsis|13v2|AT5G58030_P1 5168 226 92.3 globlastp 2016 LGM5 artemisia|10v1|EY032703_P1 5169 226 92.3 globlastp 2017 LGM5 banana|12v1|ES437114 5170 226 92.3 globlastp 2018 LGM5 bean|13v1|CA898948_P1 5171 226 92.3 globlastp 2019 LGM5 catharanthus|11v1|SRR098691X102061_P1 5172 226 92.3 globlastp 2020 LGM5 chickpea|13v2|GR407657_P1 5173 226 92.3 globlastp 2021 LGM5 cotton|11v1|AI726598_P1 5174 226 92.3 globlastp 2022 LGM5 flax|11v1|JG093615_P1 5175 226 92.3 globlastp 2023 LGM5 fraxinus|11v1|SRR058827.124739_P1 5176 226 92.3 globlastp 2024 LGM5 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI726598_P1 5174 226 92.3 globlastp 2025 LGM5 iceplant|gb164|BE035515_P1 5177 226 92.3 globlastp 2026 LGM5 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|DV158661_P1 5178 226 92.3 globlastp 2027 LGM5 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X112087_P1 5179 226 92.3 globlastp 2028 LGM5 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X132338 5180 226 92.3 globlastp 2029 LGM5 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X135121 5180 226 92.3 globlastp 2030 LGM5 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X262795 5180 226 92.3 globlastp 2031 LGM5 safflower|gb162|EL379225 5181 226 92.3 globlastp 2032 LGM5 soybean|13v2|GLYMA11G34840 5182 226 92.3 globlastp 2033 LGM5 tobacco|gb162|DV158661 5183 226 92.3 globlastp 2034 LGM5 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X159411 5184 226 92.3 globlastp 2035 LGM5 trigonella|11v1|SRR066198X1005715 5184 226 92.3 globlastp 2036 LGM5 melon|10v1|AM721207_T1 5185 226 92.27 glotblastn 2037 LGM5 tragopogon|10v1|SRR020205S0020605 5186 226 92.27 glotblastn 2038 LGM5 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039408X8935D1_P1 5187 226 91.8 globlastp 2039 LGM5 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K19C712461_P1 5188 226 91.8 globlastp 2040 LGM5 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X165328D1_P1 5189 226 91.8 globlastp 2041 LGM5 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR797216S19XK19C135809_P1 5188 226 91.8 globlastp 2042 LGM5 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C353036_P1 5190 226 91.8 globlastp 2043 LGM5 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C543836_P1 5190 226 91.8 globlastp 2044 LGM5 clover|14v1|ERR351508S29XK29C20418_P1 5190 226 91.8 globlastp 2045 LGM5 clover|14v1|FY463974_P1 5190 226 91.8 globlastp 2046 LGM5 vicia|14v1|HX911086_P1 5190 226 91.8 globlastp 2047 LGM5 beet|12v1|BQ589788_P1 5191 226 91.8 globlastp 2048 LGM5 lotus|09v1|LLCN825623_P1 5192 226 91.8 globlastp 2049 LGM5 lupin|13v4|SRR520490.400996_P1 5193 226 91.8 globlastp 2050 LGM5 medicago|13v1|AW257063_P1 5194 226 91.8 globlastp 2051 LGM5 olea|13v1|SRR014463X20346D1_P1 5195 226 91.8 globlastp 2052 LGM5 orobanche|10v1|SRR023189S0002969_P1 5196 226 91.8 globlastp 2053 LGM5 phalaenopsis|11v1|SRR125771.102497_P1 5197 226 91.8 globlastp 2054 LGM5 poplar|13v1|AI162891_P1 5198 226 91.8 globlastp 2055 LGM5 potato|10v1|BG594512_P1 5199 226 91.8 globlastp 2056 LGM5 soybean|13v2|GLYMA18G03480T2 5200 226 91.8 globlastp 2057 LGM5 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X107848D1_P1 5201 226 91.2 globlastp 2058 LGM5 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K23C860424_P1 5202 226 91.2 globlastp 2059 LGM5 cichorium|14v1|EH703501_P1 5203 226 91.2 globlastp 2060 LGM5 amborella|12v3|CK766552_P1 5204 226 91.2 globlastp 2061 LGM5 aquilegia|10v2|DR931387_P1 5205 226 91.2 globlastp 2062 LGM5 centaurea|11v1|EH721907_P1 5206 226 91.2 globlastp 2063 LGM5 centaurea|11v1|EH730414_P1 5206 226 91.2 globlastp 2064 LGM5 chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X254676XX1_P1 5207 226 91.2 globlastp 2065 LGM5 cichorium|gb171|EH703501 5203 226 91.2 globlastp 2066 LGM5 guizotia|10v1|GE576219_P1 5208 226 91.2 globlastp 2067 LGM5 heritiera|10v1|SRR005795S0006295_P1 5209 226 91.2 globlastp 2068 LGM5 lettuce|12v1|DW070380_P1 5210 226 91.2 globlastp 2069 LGM5 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP749279_P1 5211 226 91.2 globlastp 2070 LGM5 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAF136010 5212 226 91.2 globlastp 2071 LGM5 tomato|13v1|BG132496 5213 226 91.2 globlastp 2072 LGM5 fagopyram|11v1|SRR063689X108773_T1 5214 226 90.72 glotblastn 2073 LGM5 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.103847_P1 5215 226 90.7 globlastp 2074 LGM5 b_oleracea|gb161|AM061768 5216 226 90.3 globlastp 2075 LGM5 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063703X106967_T1 5217 226 90.21 glotblastn 2076 LGM5 centaurea|11v1|SRR346940.12608_P1 5218 226 90.2 globlastp 2077 LGM5 nasturtium|11v1|GH169501_P1 5219 226 90.2 globlastp 2078 LGM5 centaurea|11v1|SRR346938.116780_P1 5220 226 89.7 globlastp 2079 LGM5 chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0047423 5221 226 89.7 globlastp 2080 LGM5 cleome_spinosa|10v1|GR931906_P1 5222 226 89.7 globlastp 2081 LGM5 cotton|11v1|BE054721XX1_P1 5223 226 89.7 globlastp 2082 LGM5 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI731408_P1 5223 226 89.7 globlastp 2083 LGM5 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X124304_P1 5224 226 89.2 globlastp 2084 LGM5 cotton|11v1|AI731408_P1 5225 226 89.2 globlastp 2085 LGM5 silene|11v1|SRR096785X104013 5226 226 89.2 globlastp 2086 LGM5 utricularia|11v1|SRR094438.113173 5227 226 89.2 globlastp 2087 LGM5 cephalotaxus|11v1|SRR064395X102181_P1 5228 226 88.7 globlastp 2088 LGM5 cryptomeria|gb166|BY888802_P1 5229 226 88.7 globlastp 2089 LGM5 taxus|10v1|SRR032523S0008292 5230 226 88.7 globlastp 2090 LGM5 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039411X156859D1_T1 5231 226 88.66 glotblastn 2091 LGM5 eschscholzia|11v1|SRR014116.133813_P1 5232 226 88.6 globlastp 2092 LGM5 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039411X186191D1_T1 5231 226 88.24 glotblastn 2093 LGM5 maritime_pine|10v1|SRR073317S0117912_T1 5233 226 88.14 glotblastn 2094 LGM5 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X150136_T1 5234 226 88.14 glotblastn 2095 LGM5 kiwi|gb166|FG409059_P1 5235 226 88.1 globlastp 2096 LGM5 podocarpus|10v1|SRR065014S0103673_P1 5236 226 88.1 globlastp 2097 LGM5 spruce|11v1|ES670285 5237 226 88.1 globlastp 2098 LGM5 lotus|09v1|BW599020_P1 5238 226 88 globlastp 2099 LGM5 amaranthus|10v1|SRR039411S0024897 5231 226 87.75 glotblastn 2100 LGM5 pine|10v2|BM903468_T1 5239 226 87.63 glotblastn 2101 LGM5 cedrus|11v1|SRR065007X162660_P1 5240 226 87.6 globlastp 2102 LGM5 parthenium|10v1|GW778447_P1 5241 226 87.6 globlastp 2103 LGM5 basilicum|13v1|B10LEAF674401_P1 5242 226 86.6 globlastp 2104 LGM5 gnetum|10v1|SRR064399S0023628_P1 5243 226 86.6 globlastp 2105 LGM5 abies|11v2|SRR098676X100078_T1 5244 226 86.08 glotblastn 2106 LGM5 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP748537_P1 5245 226 84.8 globlastp 2107 LGM5 phalaenopsis|11v1|SRR125771.1173944_T1 5246 226 84.62 glotblastn 2108 LGM5 pseudotsuga|10v1|SRR065119S0022897 5247 226 84.1 globlastp 2109 LGM5 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.134082_P1 5248 226 83.5 globlastp 2110 LGM5 pea|11v1|FG529571_P1 5249 226 83.5 globlastp 2111 LGM5 sequoia|10v1|SRR065044S0013282 5250 226 82.99 glotblastn 2112 LGM5 banana|14v1|ES437114_P1 5251 226 82.6 globlastp 2113 LGM5 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X156796_P1 5252 226 82.5 globlastp 2114 LGM5 fern|gb171|BP918439_P1 5253 226 82.5 globlastp 2115 LGM5 liquorice|gb171|FS244601_P1 5254 226 82.5 globlastp 2116 LGM5 strawberry|11v1|DY674690 5255 226 82.47 glotblastn 2117 LGM5 pteridium|11v1|SRR043594X101338 5256 226 82 globlastp 2118 LGM5 ceratodon|10v1|SRR074890S0076556_P1 5257 226 81.4 globlastp 2119 LGM5 physcomitrella|13v1|AW496908_P1 5258 226 80.4 globlastp 2120 LGM7 sorghum|13v2|CD209253 — 227 89.11 glotblastn 2121 LGM8 maize|13v2|BE055938_P1 5259 228 94.7 globlastp 2122 LGM8 sorghum|13v2|BE364594 5260 228 91.7 globlastp 2123 LGM8 switchgrass|12v1|FL730647 5261 228 91.5 globlastp 2124 LGM8 switchgrass|12v1|FL787511 5262 228 90.6 globlastp 2125 LGM8 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK549278_P1 5263 228 90.3 globlastp 2126 LGM8 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X106187 5263 228 90.3 globlastp 2127 LGM8 oat|14v1|CN818654_P1 5264 228 88.2 globlastp 2128 LGM8 rice|13v2|BI812205 5265 228 88.2 globlastp 2129 LGM8 oat|11v1|CN818654 5266 228 87.5 globlastp 2130 LGM8 brachypodium|14v1|GT758991_T1 5267 228 85.58 glotblastn 2131 LGM8 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G15980 5268 228 85 globlastp 2132 LGM8 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X167722D1_P1 5269 228 84.9 globlastp 2133 LGM8 wheat|12v3|BE412386 5270 228 82.7 globlastp 2134 LGM8 oat|14v1|SRR020741X108053D1_P1 5271 228 80.7 globlastp 2135 LGM8 oat|14v1|SRR020741X108928D1_P1 5272 228 80.5 globlastp 2136 LGM9 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X106175D1_P1 5273 229 94.5 globlastp 2137 LGM9 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X153750D1_P1 5274 229 93.S globlastp 2138 LGM9 sorghum|13v2|BM323765 5275 229 93.4 globlastp 2139 LGM9 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X118658 5276 229 93.2 globlastp 2140 LGM9 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK550277_P1 5276 229 93.2 globlastp 2141 LGM9 rice|13v2|BE229933 5277 229 89.3 globlastp 2142 LGM9 wheat|12v3|BE412022 5278 229 87.8 globlastp 2143 LGM9 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G17660 5279 229 87.7 globlastp 2144 LGM9 brachypodium|14v1|DV474668_P1 5279 229 87.7 globlastp 2145 LGM9 oat|14v1|GR315799_P1 5280 229 86.7 globlastp 2146 LGM9 oat|14v1|GR325305_T1 5281 229 86.3 glotblastn 2147 LGM9 oat|14v1|GR315687_T1 5282 229 86.12 glotblastn 2148 LGM9 oat|11v1|GR315687 5282 229 86.12 glotblastn 2149 LGM9 lolium|13v1|EB709566_T1 5283 229 84.7 glotblastn 2150 LGM11 switchgrass|12v1|FE639570 5284 231 93.7 globlastp 2151 LGM11 rice|13v2|BM038301 5285 231 88.1 globlastp 2152 LGM11 brachypodium|14v1|GT761231_P1 5286 231 86 globlastp 2153 LGM11 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI3G19100 5286 231 86 globlastp 2154 LGM11 leymus|gb166|CD808754_P1 5287 231 85.3 globlastp 2155 LGM11 wheat|12v3|CA605240 5288 231 85.3 globlastp 2156 LGM11 oat|14v1|GR326295_P1 5289 231 84.9 globlastp 2157 LGM11 oat|11v1|GO593287 5290 231 84.56 glotblastn 2158 LGM11 millet|10v1|EVO454PM001708_P1 5291 231 83.1 globlastp 2159 LGM12 sugarcane|10v1|CA066454 5292 232 93.8 globlastp 2160 LGM12 maize|13v2|AB024293_P1 5293 232 86.1 globlastp 2161 LGM12 maize|13v2|BG836938_P1 5294 232 83.3 globlastp 2162 LGM12 maize|13v2|CD446274_P1 5294 232 83.3 globlastp 2163 LGM12 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X134530 5295 232 81.2 globlastp 2164 LGM12 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK582820_P1 5295 232 81.2 globlastp 2165 LGM12 fescue|13v1|DT688239_P1 5296 232 80 globlastp 2166 LGM12 lolium|13v1|AU251179_P1 5296 232 80 globlastp 2167 LGM13 maize|13v2|AW054234_P1 5297 233 90.2 globlastp 2168 LGM13 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004966622_P1 5298 233 89.8 globlastp 2169 LGM13 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X364414 5299 233 89.7 globlastp 2170 LGM13 sorghum|13v2|XM_002437913 5300 233 88.8 globlastp 2171 LGM13 maize|13v2|AW054321_T1 5301 233 86.4 glotblastn 2172 LGM13 sorghum|13v2|BG159406 5302 233 86.05 glotblastn 2173 LGM13 rice|13v2|C71746 5303 233 85.91 glotblastn 2174 LGM13 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003570258_P1 5304 233 85.7 globlastp 2175 LGM13 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR30548X177236 5305 233 85.7 glotblastn 2176 LGM13 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004954174_T1 5305 233 85.7 glotblastn 2177 LGM13 switchgrass|12v1|FL765378 5306 233 83.9 globlastp 2178 LGM13 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003564157_P1 5307 233 83.7 globlastp 2179 LGM13 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012001893_T1 5308 233 83.49 glotblastn 2180 LGM13 switchgrass|12v1|FL756342 5309 233 82.7 globlastp 2181 LGM13 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012016584_T1 5310 233 82.54 glotblastn 2182 LGM13 banana|14v1|ES434766_T1 5311 233 82.41 glotblastn 2183 LGM13 banana|12v1|ES434766 5311 233 82.41 glotblastn 2184 LGM13 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C2358254_T1 5312 233 82.11 glotblastn 2185 LGM13 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1344950_T1 5313 233 81.74 glotblastn 2186 LGM13 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012010618_T1 5314 233 81.58 glotblastn 2187 LGM13 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK35C40103_T1 5315 233 81.4 glotblastn 2188 LGM13 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01001052001_T1 5316 233 81.3 glotblastn 2189 LGM13 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|CD531364_T1 5317 233 81.28 glotblastn 2190 LGM13 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012010618 5318 233 81.23 glotblastn 2191 LGM13 rye|12v1|DRR001012.112249 5319 233 81.2 globlastp 2192 LGM13 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.243753_T1 5320 233 81.16 glotblastn 2193 LGM13 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012004462_T1 5321 233 80.95 glotblastn 2194 LGM13 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012004462 5321 233 80.95 glotblastn 2195 LGM13 arabidopsis|13v2|AT3G42640_T1 5322 233 80.93 glotblastn 2196 LGM13 b_rapa|11v1|CN727820_T1 5323 233 80.93 glotblastn 2197 LGM13 canola|11v1|EE550344_T1 5324 233 80.93 glotblastn 2198 LGM13 monkeyflower|12v1|SRR037227.107031_T1 5325 233 80.93 glotblastn 2199 LGM13 pigeonpea|11v1|CCIIPG11001382_T1 5326 233 80.93 glotblastn 2200 LGM13 castorbean|14v2|XM_002527276_T1 5327 233 80.84 glotblastn 2201 LGM13 b_oleracea|14v1|EE550344_T1 5328 233 80.81 glotblastn 2202 LGM13 soybean|13v2|GLYMA06G07990 5329 233 80.81 glotblastn 2203 LGM13 eucalyptus|11v2|JGIEG035498_T1 5330 233 80.74 glotblastn 2204 LGM13 monkeyflower|12v1|GO981272_T1 5331 233 80.72 glotblastn 2205 LGM13 bean|13v1|SRR090491X470031_T1 5332 233 80.7 glotblastn 2206 LGM13 soybean|13v2|GLYMA17G11190 5333 233 80.7 glotblastn 2207 LGM13 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|EP13V1RP013389 5334 233 80.7 glotblastn 2208 LGM13 poplar|13v1|BI069047_T1 5335 233 80.63 glotblastn 2209 LGM13 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|GRJGIV8002945_T1 5336 233 80.6 glotblastn 2210 LGM13 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK19C144142_T1 5337 233 80.58 glotblastn 2211 LGM13 soybean|13v2|GLYMA13G22370 5338 233 80.58 glotblastn 2212 LGM13 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|EHJGI11016856 5339 233 80.58 glotblastn 2213 LGM13 tomato|13v1|TOMTRALTBL 5340 233 80.58 glotblastn 2214 LGM13 bean|13v1|AY338228_T1 5341 233 80.58 glotblastn 2215 LGM13 arabidopsis|13v2|AT2G07560_T1 5342 233 80.56 glotblastn 2216 LGM13 aquilegia|10v2|DR920154_T1 5343 233 80.51 glotblastn 2217 LGM13 pepper|14v1|BM061822_T1 5344 233 80.47 glotblastn 2218 LGM13 cucumber|09v1|BGI454G0031717_T1 5345 233 80.47 glotblastn 2219 LGM13 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.151157_T1 5346 233 80.47 glotblastn 2220 LGM13 poplar|13v1|DT509422_T1 5347 233 80.47 glotblastn 2221 LGM13 soybean|13v2|GLYMA14G17360 5348 233 80.47 glotblastn 2222 LGM13 cacao|13v1|CA796153_T1 5349 233 80.47 glotblastn 2223 LGM13 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|Z18449_T1 5350 233 80.44 glotblastn 2224 LGM13 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X10218 5351 233 80.42 glotblastn 2225 LGM13 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X103896D1_T1 5352 233 80.35 glotblastn 2226 LGM13 lotus|09v1|BP075137_T1 5353 233 80.35 glotblastn 2227 LGM13 silene|11v1|SRR096785X101816 5354 233 80.35 glotblastn 2228 LGM13 soybean|13v2|GLYMA04G07950 5355 233 80.35 glotblastn 2229 LGM13 watermelon|11v1|VMEL05509039111143 5356 233 80.35 glotblastn 2230 LGM13 soybean|13v2|GLYMA17G29370 5357 233 80.35 glotblastn 2231 LGM13 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|GRJGIV8006598_T1 5358 233 80.3 glotblastn 2232 LGM13 castorbean|14v2|EG674264_T1 5359 233 80.28 glotblastn 2233 LGM13 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|DW234677_T1 5360 233 80.28 glotblastn 2234 LGM13 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1206618_T1 5361 233 80.26 glotblastn 2235 LGM13 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|CO103188_T1 5362 233 80.26 glotblastn 2236 LGM13 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X106018D1_T1 5363 233 80.23 glotblastn 2237 LGM13 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X121735D1_T1 5363 233 80.23 glotblastn 2238 LGM13 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X597716D1_T1 5363 233 80.23 glotblastn 2239 LGM13 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK19C93482_T1 5364 233 80.23 glotblastn 2240 LGM13 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.221588_T1 5365 233 80.23 glotblastn 2241 LGM13 apple|11v1|CN921617_T1 5366 233 80.23 glotblastn 2242 LGM13 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X101901_T1 5367 233 80.23 glotblastn 2243 LGM13 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.102942_T1 5368 233 80.23 glotblastn 2244 LGM13 medicago|13v1|MT4_2013011930_T1 5369 233 80.23 glotblastn 2245 LGM13 pigeonpea|11v1|GW355448_T1 5370 233 80.23 glotblastn 2246 LGM13 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X100886 5371 233 80.23 glotblastn 2247 LGM13 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023501X106912 5372 233 80.23 glotblastn 2248 LGM13 cacao|13v1|SRR850732.1022254_T1 5373 233 80.19 glotblastn 2249 LGM13 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012007669_T1 5374 233 80.12 glotblastn 2250 LGM13 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C139710_T1 5375 233 80.12 glotblastn 2251 LGM13 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012007669 5374 233 80.12 glotblastn 2252 LGM13 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.100922_T1 5376 233 80.12 glotblastn 2253 LGM13 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.100366_T1 5377 233 80.12 glotblastn 2254 LGM13 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.1197400_T1 5378 233 80.12 glotblastn 2255 LGM13 peanut|13v1|EH044764_T1 5379 233 80.12 glotblastn 2256 LGM13 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.120563_T1 5380 233 80.12 glotblastn 2257 LGM13 sunflower|12v1|DY908811 5381 233 80.12 glotblastn 2258 LGM13 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1014231_T1 5382 233 80.05 glotblastn 2259 LGM13 onion|14v1|SRR073446X121154D1_T1 5383 233 80.02 glotblastn 2260 LGM13 tobacco|gb162|AY383599 5384 233 80.02 glotblastn 2261 LGM13 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1289124_T1 5385 233 80 glotblastn 2262 LGM13 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C173691_T1 5386 233 80 glotblastn 2263 LGM13 onion|14v1|CF440648_T1 5387 233 80 glotblastn 2264 LGM13 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X102444_T1 5388 233 80 glotblastn 2265 LGM13 cotton|11v1|CO071267_T1 5389 233 80 glotblastn 2266 LGM13 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|DT527163_T1 5390 233 80 glotblastn 2267 LGM13 lupin|13v4|SRR520490.103160_T1 5391 233 80 glotblastn 2268 LGM13 lupin|13v4|SRR520490.143280_T1 5392 233 80 glotblastn 2269 LGM13 medicago|13v1|BF640720_T1 5393 233 80 glotblastn 2270 LGM13 poplar|13v1|XM_002309285_T1 5394 233 80 glotblastn 2271 LGM13 strawberry|11v1|CO381475 5395 233 80 glotblastn 2272 LGM14 sorghum|13v2|AW676925 5396 234 96.6 globlastp 2273 LGM14 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X152899D1_P1 5397 234 96.3 globlastp 2274 LGM14 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK579588_P1 5398 234 95.5 globlastp 2275 LGM14 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X10154 5398 234 95.5 globlastp 2276 LGM14 switchgrass|12v1|FE611046 5399 234 95.2 globlastp 2277 LGM14 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X118503 5400 234 94.1 globlastp 2278 LGM14 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK577335_P1 5400 234 94.1 globlastp 2279 LGM14 switchgrass|12v1|DN146456 5401 234 93.8 globlastp 2280 LGM14 rice|13v2|AA751646 5402 234 92.7 globlastp 2281 LGM14 pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF342064 5403 234 92.4 globlastp 2282 LGM14 oat|14v1|GO593334_P1 5404 234 91.8 globlastp 2283 LGM14 oat|14v1|SRR020741X224144D1_P1 5404 234 91.8 globlastp 2284 LGM14 oat|14v1|SRR020741X137507D1_P1 5405 234 91.3 globlastp 2285 LGM14 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G75150 5406 234 91.3 globlastp 2286 LGM14 brachypodium|14v1|DV471229_P1 5406 234 91.3 globlastp 2287 LGM14 fescue|13v1|GO799068_P1 5407 234 91 globlastp 2288 LGM14 fescue|13v1|DT680911_P1 5408 234 90.7 globlastp 2289 LGM14 oat|14v1|GR349063_P1 5409 234 86.2 globlastp 2290 LGM14 switchgrass|12v1|FL982427 5410 234 84.2 globlastp 2291 LGM14 barley|12v1|BG299277_P1 5411 234 82.4 globlastp 2292 LGM14 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1888797_T1 5412 234 82.02 glotblastn 2293 LGM14 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1363310_P1 5413 234 82 globlastp 2294 LGM14 oil_palm|11v1|SRR190698.150211_T1 5414 234 80.06 glotblastn 2295 LGM15 foxtail_millet|13v2|GT091038 5415 235 80.8 globlastp 2296 LGM15 foxtail_millet|14v1|GT091038_P1 5415 235 80.8 globlastp 2297 LGM15 switchgrass|12v1|FL749806 5416 235 80.8 globlastp 2298 LGM15 switchgrass|12v1|SRR187769.1049218 5417 235 80.5 globlastp 2299 LGM16 sorghum|13v2|BF586044 5418 236 95.5 globlastp 2300 LGM16 sugarcane|10v1|CA080976 5419 236 95.5 globlastp 2301 LGM16 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X107795D1_P1 5420 236 93.9 globlastp 2302 LGM16 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X100214 5421 236 92.1 globlastp 2303 LGM16 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK586238_P1 5421 236 92.1 globlastp 2304 LGM16 millet|10v1|CD725157_P1 5422 236 91.7 globlastp 2305 LGM16 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G76520 5423 236 84.9 globlastp 2306 LGM16 brachypodium|14v1|GT787070_P1 5423 236 84.9 globlastp 2307 LGM16 oat|14v1|GO590938_P1 5424 236 83.9 globlastp 2308 LGM16 oat|14v1|CN815186_P1 5425 236 83.8 globlastp 2309 LGM16 rice|13v2|BI805923 5426 236 83.3 globlastp 2310 LGM16 fescue|13v1|DT689483_P1 5427 236 82.5 globlastp 2311 LGM16 lolium|13v1|ES700335_P1 5428 236 81.5 globlastp 2312 LGM16 wheat|12v3|BE415113 5429 236 80.3 globlastp 2313 LGM17 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X134445 5430 237 96.7 globlastp 2314 LGM17 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK591234_P1 5430 237 96.7 globlastp 2315 LGM17 maize|13v2|AI901650_P1 5431 237 95.4 globlastp 2316 LGM17 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X209906 5432 237 95.4 globlastp 2317 LGM17 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK555631_P1 5432 237 95.4 globlastp 2318 LGM17 maize|13v2|W49427_P1 5433 237 91.9 globlastp 2319 LGM17 fescue|13v1|CK801247_P1 5434 237 90.8 globlastp 2320 LGM17 oat|14v1|GR346796_P1 5435 237 90.2 globlastp 2321 LGM17 rice|13v2|BM038723 5436 237 89.4 globlastp 2322 LGM17 oat|14v1|GR346797_P1 5437 237 88.9 globlastp 2323 LGM17 oat|14v1|SRR020741X26880D1_P1 5438 237 88.3 globlastp 2324 LGM17 lolium|13v1|ERR246395S19461_P1 5439 237 85.8 globlastp 2325 LGM17 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI4G07810 5440 237 83.9 globlastp 2326 LGM17 brachypodium|14v1|GT804793_P1 5440 237 83.9 globlastp 2327 LGM17 rice|13v2|CB631895 5441 237 83.3 globlastp 2328 LGM17 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1112181_P1 5442 237 81.7 globlastp 2329 LGM17 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X151488D1_P1 5443 237 81.2 globlastp 2330 LGM17 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K23C155049_P1 5444 237 81 globlastp 2331 LGM17 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1151663_P1 5445 237 80.4 globlastp 2332 LGM17 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1385749_P1 5446 237 80.2 globlastp 2333 LGM17 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1432945_P1 5446 237 80.2 globlastp 2334 LGM18 maize|13v2|CF043821_P1 5447 238 86.5 globlastp 2335 LGM18 sorghum|13v2|AW284333 5448 238 86.4 globlastp 2336 LGM18 switchgrass|12v1|DN142367 5449 238 86.1 globlastp 2337 LGM18 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X114235 5450 238 85.8 globlastp 2338 LGM18 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK561597_P1 5450 238 85.8 globlastp 2339 LGM18 switchgrass|12v1|FL706315 5451 238 85.5 globlastp 2340 LGM18 maize|13v2|CO455501_P1 5452 238 85.3 globlastp 2341 LGM18 rye|12v1|DRR001012.139301 5453 238 84.2 globlastp 2342 LGM18 oat|14v1|SRR020741X155500D1_P1 5454 238 84 globlastp 2343 LGM18 wheat|12v3|AJ614742 5455 238 83 globlastp 2344 LGM18 fescue|13v1|DT685890_P1 5456 238 82.5 globlastp 2354 LGM21 sorghum|13v2|CF427857 5465 240 98.6 globlastp 2355 LGM21 maize|13v2|CD965228_P1 5466 240 97.9 globlastp 2356 LGM21 switchgrass|12v1|FL740950 5467 240 97.9 globlastp 2357 LGM21 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X422447 5468 240 97.2 globlastp 2358 LGM21 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK590448_P1 5468 240 97.2 globlastp 2359 LGM21 sugarcane|10v1|CA143570 5469 240 97.2 globlastp 2360 LGM21 echinochloa|14v1|ECHC14V1K19C119845_P1 5470 240 96.5 globlastp 2361 LGM21 millet|10v1|EVO454PM048685_P1 5471 240 96.5 globlastp 2362 LGM21 switchgrass|12v1|FE601199 5472 240 96.5 globlastp 2363 LGM21 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X123946 5473 240 93.7 globlastp 2364 LGM21 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004975560_P1 5473 240 93.7 globlastp 2365 LGM21 switchgrass|12v1|GR878391 5474 240 93.7 globlastp 2366 LGM21 rice|13v2|BI811700 5475 240 93 globlastp 2367 LGM21 switchgrass|12v1|GD007879 5476 240 92.31 glotblastn 2368 LGM21 barley|12v1|AV833687_P1 5477 240 92.3 globlastp 2369 LGM21 barley|12v1|AV916171_P1 5477 240 92.3 globlastp 2370 LGM21 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G54910 5477 240 92.3 globlastp 2371 LGM21 brachypodium|14v1|DV472924_P1 5477 240 92.3 globlastp 2372 LGM21 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G56290 5477 240 92.3 globlastp 2373 LGM21 brachypodium|14v1|DV489387_P1 5477 240 92.3 globlastp 2374 LGM21 oat|14v1|GO594575_P1 5478 240 91.6 globlastp 2375 LGM21 oat|11v1|GO596154 5478 240 91.6 globlastp 2376 LGM21 rice|13v2|CF295801 5479 240 91.6 globlastp 2377 LGM21 rye|12v1|DRR001012.336282 5480 240 91.6 globlastp 2378 LGM21 rye|12v1|DRR001012.519286 5480 240 91.6 globlastp 2379 LGM21 rye|12v1|DRR001013.1473 5480 240 91.6 globlastp 2380 LGM21 wheat|12v3|BM136725 5480 240 91.6 globlastp 2381 LGM21 fescue|13v1|GO797518_P1 5481 240 90.9 globlastp 2382 LGM21 lolium|13v1|GR523252_P1 5482 240 90.9 globlastp 2383 LGM21 wheat|12v3|BQ901445 5483 240 90.9 globlastp 2384 LGM21 oat|14v1|SRR346072X4884D1_P1 5484 240 90.2 globlastp 2385 LGM21 oat|11v1|CN815728 5485 240 90.2 globlastp 2386 LGM21 oat|11v1|GO594575 5486 240 90.2 globlastp 2387 LGM21 rye|12v1|DRR001015.326363 5487 240 90.2 globlastp 2388 LGM21 oat|14v1|SRR020741X224099D1_T1 5488 240 89.51 glotblastn 2389 LGM21 oat|14v1|ASTE13V1K19C739127_P1 5489 240 89.5 globlastp 2390 LGM21 banana|14v1|FL661672_P1 5490 240 87.4 globlastp 2391 LGM21 banana|12v1|FL661672 5490 240 87.4 globlastp 2392 LGM21 aquilegia|10v2|DR937485_P1 5491 240 86.7 globlastp 2393 LGM21 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1508498_P1 5492 240 86 globlastp 2394 LGM21 oil_palm|11v1|EY401455_P1 5493 240 86 globlastp 2395 LGM21 oil_palm|11v1|SRR190699.435253_P1 5493 240 86 globlastp 2396 LGM21 phyla|11v2|SRR099035X56157_T1 5494 240 85.31 glotblastn 2397 LGM21 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1740067_P1 5495 240 85.3 globlastp 2398 LGM21 zostera|12v1|SRR057351X141935D1 5496 240 85.3 globlastp 2399 LGM21 onion|14v1|CF445736_P1 5497 240 84.6 globlastp 2400 LGM21 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X186353_P1 5498 240 84.6 globlastp 2401 LGM21 aristolochia|10v1|SRR039082S0013029_P1 5499 240 84.6 globlastp 2402 LGM21 cassava|09v1|JGICASSAVA30881VALIDM1_P1 5500 240 84.6 globlastp 2403 LGM21 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01031287001_P1 5501 240 84.6 globlastp 2404 LGM21 poppy|11v1|SRR030260.379131_P1 5502 240 84.6 globlastp 2405 LGM21 sesame|12v1|BU668838 5503 240 84.6 globlastp 2406 LGM21 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X200726 5504 240 84.6 globlastp 2407 LGM21 watermelon|11v1|AM716572 5505 240 84.6 globlastp 2408 LGM21 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR346501.346667_T1 5506 240 83.92 glotblastn 2409 LGM21 onion|12v1|SRR073446X102349D1 5507 240 83.92 glotblastn 2410 LGM21 poppy|11v1|SRR030261.17010_T1 5508 240 83.92 glotblastn 2411 LGM21 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X104658 5509 240 83.92 glotblastn 2412 LGM21 utricularia|11v1|SRR094438.114689 5510 240 83.92 glotblastn 2413 LGM21 castorbean|14v2|XM_002534261_P1 5511 240 83.9 globlastp 2414 LGM21 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1064786_P1 5512 240 83.9 globlastp 2415 LGM21 castorbean|12v1|XM_002534261 5511 240 83.9 globlastp 2416 LGM21 cotton|11v1|SRR032367.1120737_P1 5513 240 83.9 globlastp 2417 LGM21 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|SRR278711.213817_P1 5513 240 83.9 globlastp 2418 LGM21 liquorice|gb171|FS244723_P1 5514 240 83.9 globlastp 2419 LGM21 monkeyflower|12v1|GR013887_P1 5515 240 83.9 globlastp 2420 LGM21 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB428295_P1 5516 240 83.9 globlastp 2421 LGM21 oil_palm|11v1|EL681798_P1 5517 240 83.9 globlastp 2422 LGM21 peanut|13v1|SRR042413X72388_P1 5518 240 83.9 globlastp 2423 LGM21 poplar|13v1|BI128942_P1 5519 240 83.9 globlastp 2424 LGM21 tobacco|gb162|EB428295 5520 240 83.9 globlastp 2425 LGM21 utricularia|11v1|SRR094438.115834 5521 240 83.9 globlastp 2426 LGM21 amaranthus|13v1|SRR172677X298686D1_T1 5522 240 83.22 glotblastn 2427 LGM21 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039411X130892D1_P1 5523 240 83.2 globlastp 2428 LGM21 acacia|10v1|FS588684_P1 5524 240 83.2 globlastp 2429 LGM21 aquilegia|10v2|DR932041_P1 5525 240 83.2 globlastp 2430 LGM21 basilicum|13v1|DY332868_P1 5526 240 83.2 globlastp 2431 LGM21 cowpea|12v1|FF383498_P1 5527 240 83.2 globlastp 2432 LGM21 cucumber|09v1|AM716572_P1 5528 240 83.2 globlastp 2433 LGM21 dandelion|10v1|DR401258_P1 5529 240 83.2 globlastp 2434 LGM21 eucalyptus|11v2|CD668064_P1 5530 240 83.2 globlastp 2435 LGM21 heritiera|10v1|SRR005795S0006349_P1 5531 240 83.2 globlastp 2436 LGM21 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.279506_P1 5532 240 83.2 globlastp 2437 LGM21 medicago|13v1|BI269948_P1 5533 240 83.2 globlastp 2438 LGM21 orange|11v1|EB686972_P1 5534 240 83.2 globlastp 2439 LGM21 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X10043_P1 5535 240 83.2 globlastp 2440 LGM21 potato|10v1|BG886794_P1 5536 240 83.2 globlastp 2441 LGM21 silene|11v1|SRR096785X222618 5537 240 83.2 globlastp 2442 LGM21 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAI782474 5536 240 83.2 globlastp 2443 LGM21 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X207685 5538 240 83.2 globlastp 2444 LGM21 bupleurum|11v1|SRR301254.111782_T1 5539 240 82.52 glotblastn 2445 LGM21 tomato|13v1|AI782474 — 240 82.52 glotblastn 2446 LGM21 amborella|12v3|CK757480_P1 5540 240 82.5 globlastp 2447 LGM21 bean|13v1|CB540717_P1 5541 240 82.5 globlastp 2448 LGM21 cacao|13v1|CF974229_P1 5542 240 82.5 globlastp 2449 LGM21 cassava|09v1|CK649783_P1 5543 240 82.5 globlastp 2450 LGM21 cotton|11v1|BG446435_P1 5544 240 82.5 globlastp 2451 LGM21 eggplant|10v1|FS067153_P1 5545 240 82.5 globlastp 2452 LGM21 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X181362_P1 5546 240 82.5 globlastp 2453 LGM21 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063689X100287_P1 5547 240 82.5 globlastp 2454 LGM21 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.157535_P1 5548 240 82.5 globlastp 2455 LGM21 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.376367_P1 5548 240 82.5 globlastp 2456 LGM21 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BG446435_P1 5544 240 82.5 globlastp 2457 LGM21 melon|10v1|AM716572_P1 5549 240 82.5 globlastp 2458 LGM21 prunus_mume|13v1|AJ826365 5550 240 82.5 globlastp 2459 LGM21 prunus|10v1|CK900631 5550 240 82.5 globlastp 2460 LGM21 sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.107715 5551 240 82.5 globlastp 2461 LGM21 spurge|gb161|DV156350 5552 240 82.5 globlastp 2462 LGM21 strawberry|11v1|EX667033 5553 240 82.5 globlastp 2463 LGM21 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X182510 5554 240 82.5 globlastp 2464 LGM21 onion|14v1|SRR073446X498773D1_P1 5555 240 82.1 globlastp 2465 LGM21 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1026977_T1 5556 240 81.82 glotblastn 2466 LGM21 sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.197189 5557 240 81.82 glotblastn 2467 LGM21 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X99572D1_P1 5558 240 81.8 globlastp 2468 LGM21 chestnut|14v1|SRR006297X53816D1_P1 5559 240 81.8 globlastp 2469 LGM21 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X107192D1_P1 5560 240 81.8 globlastp 2470 LGM21 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X69552D1_P1 5560 240 81.8 globlastp 2471 LGM21 cichorium|14v1|EH702384_P1 5561 240 81.8 globlastp 2472 LGM21 centaurea|11v1|EH771715_P1 5562 240 81.8 globlastp 2473 LGM21 centaurea|11v1|SRR346938.158575_P1 5562 240 81.8 globlastp 2474 LGM21 centaurea|11v1|SRR346941.206096_P1 5562 240 81.8 globlastp 2475 LGM21 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.131101_P1 5563 240 81.8 globlastp 2476 LGM21 clementine|11v1|EB686972_P1 5564 240 81.8 globlastp 2477 LGM21 cotton|11v1|CO127373_P1 5565 240 81.8 globlastp 2478 LGM21 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X132116_P1 5566 240 81.8 globlastp 2479 LGM21 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X154489_P1 5567 240 81.8 globlastp 2480 LGM21 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.311680_P1 5568 240 81.8 globlastp 2482 LGM21 gnetum|10v1|SRR064399S0007956_P1 5569 240 81.8 globlastp 2482 LGM21 guizotia|10v1|GE552075_P1 5570 240 81.8 globlastp 2483 LGM21 lettuce|12v1|DW048509_P1 5561 240 81.8 globlastp 2484 LGM21 lotus|09v1|LLGO031650_P1 5571 240 81.8 globlastp 2485 LGM21 nasturtium|11v1|GH163708_P1 5572 240 81.8 globlastp 2486 LGM21 oak|10v1|FP036963_P1 5558 240 81.8 globlastp 2487 LGM21 oak|10v1|FP050198_P1 5559 240 81.8 globlastp 2488 LGM21 primula|11v1|SRR098679X111361_P1 5573 240 81.8 globlastp 2489 LGM21 quinoa|13v2|SRR315569X167153 5574 240 81.8 globlastp 2490 LGM21 safflower|gb162|EL403279 5575 240 81.8 globlastp 2491 LGM21 soybean|13v2|GLYMA09G41140T2 5576 240 81.8 globlastp 2492 LGM21 onion|12v1|FS216857 5577 240 81.4 globlastp 2493 LGM21 blueberry|12v1|SRR353283X34092D1_T1 5578 240 81.12 glotblastn 2494 LGM21 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.197232_T1 5579 240 81.12 glotblastn 2495 LGM21 ginseng|13v1|CN846687_T1 5580 240 81.12 glotblastn 2496 LGM21 humulus|11v1|SRR098684X183820_T1 5581 240 81.12 glotblastn 2497 LGM21 carrot|14v1|JG758214_P1 5582 240 81.1 globlastp 2498 LGM21 cichorium|14v1|EL366038_P1 5583 240 81.1 globlastp 2499 LGM21 apple|11v1|CK900631_P1 5584 240 81.1 globlastp 2500 LGM21 artemisia|10v1|SRR019254S0012319_P1 5585 240 81.1 globlastp 2501 LGM21 cannabis|12v1|JK493582_P1 5586 240 81.1 globlastp 2502 LGM21 cynara|gb167|GE588067_P1 5587 240 81.1 globlastp 2503 LGM21 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11027001_P1 5588 240 81.1 globlastp 2504 LGM21 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V11875768_P1 5588 240 81.1 globlastp 2505 LGM21 echinacea|13v1|SRR315735S237953_P1 5588 240 81.1 globlastp 2506 LGM21 eschscholzia|11v1|SRR014116.105608_P1 5589 240 81.1 globlastp 2507 LGM21 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063703X107943_P1 5590 240 81.1 globlastp 2508 LGM21 flax|11v1|JG110297_P1 5591 240 81.1 globlastp 2509 LGM21 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.113601_P1 5592 240 81.1 globlastp 2510 LGM21 liriodendron|gb166|FD488199_P1 5593 240 81.1 globlastp 2511 LGM21 lotus|09v1|LLBW598945_P1 5594 240 81.1 globlastp 2512 LGM21 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.1020888_P1 5595 240 81.1 globlastp 2513 LGM21 nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.142199XX1_P1 5596 240 81.1 globlastp 2514 LGM21 papaya|gb165|EX235814_P1 5597 240 81.1 globlastp 2515 LGM21 soybean|13v2|GLYMA11G26250 5598 240 81.1 globlastp 2516 LGM21 soybean|13v2|GLYMA18G06050 5599 240 81.1 globlastp 2517 LGM21 zinnia|gb171|AU291978 5600 240 81.1 globlastp 2518 LGM21 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP130291_P1 5601 240 80.8 globlastp 2519 LGM21 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X101343_T1 5602 240 80.42 glotblastn 2520 LGM21 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.299289_T1 5603 240 80.42 glotblastn 2521 LGM21 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C285377_P1 5604 240 80.4 globlastp 2522 LGM21 cephalotaxus|11v1|SRR064395X398877_P1 5605 240 80.4 globlastp 2523 LGM21 radish|gb164|EX754201 5606 240 80.4 globlastp 2524 LGM21 sunflower|12v1|DY915727 5607 240 80.4 globlastp 2525 LGM21 sunflower|12v1|DY919507 5607 240 80.4 globlastp 2526 LGM21 sunflower|12v1|EE605865 5607 240 80.4 globlastp 2527 LGM21 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X122782 5608 240 80.4 globlastp 2528 LGM23 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X138711 5609 242 87.6 globlastp 2529 LGM23 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004961679_P1 5609 242 87.6 globlastp 2530 LGM23 switchgrass|12v1|HO303762 5610 242 86.2 globlastp 2531 LGM23 switchgrass|12v1|DN143147 5611 242 85.4 globlastp 2532 MGP15 wheat|12v3|BE403709 5612 244 98.44 glotblastn 2533 MGP15 wheat|12v3|BE423525 5613 244 98.4 globlastp 2534 MGP15 wheat|12v3|CA693491 5614 244 98.4 globlastp 2535 MGP15 rye|12v1|DRR001012.104707 5615 244 97.9 globlastp 2536 MGP15 lolium|13v1|EL738032_P1 5616 244 94.6 globlastp 2537 MGP15 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G41610 5617 244 93.2 globlastp 2538 MGP15 brachypodium|14v1|GT760733_T1 — 244 93.19 glotblastn 2539 MGP15 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X120368 5618 244 88 globlastp 2540 MGP15 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK559155_P1 5618 244 88 globlastp 2541 MGP15 rice|13v2|BI118621 5619 244 88 globlastp 2542 MGP15 sorghum|13v2|BF421870 5620 244 87.8 globlastp 2543 MGP15 sugarcane|10v1|CA069567 5621 244 87.5 globlastp 2544 MGP15 maize|13v2|AI783334_P1 5622 244 85.2 globlastp 2545 MGP15 maize|13v2|AI891193_P1 5623 244 85.2 globlastp 2546 MGP15 switchgrass|12v1|FE602502 5624 244 84.67 glotblastn 2547 MGP15 rice|13v2|BM422183 5625 244 82.7 globlastp 2548 MGP15 rye|12v1|DRR001012.119075 5626 244 81.4 globlastp 2549 MGP15 wheat|12v3|BQ241004 5627 244 80.8 globlastp 2550 MGP15 wheat|12v3|CA500750 5628 244 80.8 globlastp 2551 MGP15 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C2179980_T1 5629 244 80.79 glotblastn 2552 MGP15 banana|12v1|ES433045 5630 244 80.42 glotblastn 2553 MGP15 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1464096_P1 5631 244 80.3 globlastp 2554 MGP15 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K35C781277_P1 5632 244 80.3 globlastp 2555 MGP15 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1283446_P1 5633 244 80.2 globlastp 2556 MGP15 banana|12v1|ES435470 5634 244 80.2 globlastp 2557 MGP15 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X155294 5635 244 80.06 glotblastn 2558 MGP15 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK583976_T1 5635 244 80.06 glotblastn 2559 MGP16 wheat|12v3|BE470804 5636 245 93.3 globlastp 2560 MGP16 pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF354406 5637 245 92.2 globlastp 2561 MGP16 rye|12v1|DRR001012.119714 5638 245 92.2 globlastp 2562 MGP16 leymus|gb166|EG395558_P1 5639 245 91.7 globlastp 2563 MGP16 rye|12v1|BE586272 5640 245 90.5 glotblastn 2564 MGP16 rye|12v1|DRR001012.118764 5641 245 87.22 glotblastn 2565 MGP17 wheat|12v3|CA653944 5642 246 95.9 globlastp 2566 MGP17 oat|14v1|SRR020741X110705D1_P1 5643 246 88 globlastp 2567 MGP17 brachypodium|14v1|DV483487_P1 5644 246 84.2 globlastp 2568 MGP18 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|DT457651_P1 5645 247 99.7 globlastp 2569 MGP19 maize|13v2|BE997261_P1 5646 248 84.7 globlastp 2570 MGP19 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G09537 5647 248 81.1 globlastp 2571 MGP19 brachypodium|14v1|GT789777_P1 5647 248 81.1 globlastp 2572 MGP19 rice|13v2|BI799956 5648 248 80.3 globlastp 2573 MGP19 oat|14v1|GO596907_T1 5649 248 80.11 glotblastn 2574 MGP19 oat|14v1|GR331245_T1 5650 248 80.07 glotblastn 2575 MGP20 sugarcane|10v1|AA525654 5651 249 96.8 globlastp 2576 MGP20 sorghum|13v2|CD430637 5652 249 96.4 globlastp 2577 MGP20 millet|10v1|EVO454PM000705_P1 5653 249 94 globlastp 2578 MGP20 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X17296 5654 249 93.5 globlastp 2579 MGP20 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004981485_P1 5654 249 93.5 globlastp 2580 MGP20 switchgrass|12v1|GD008884 5655 249 93.5 globlastp 2581 MGP20 switchgrass|12v1|HO302009 5656 249 89.52 glotblastn 2582 MGP20 rice|13v2|BF475213 5657 249 88.3 globlastp 2583 MGP20 echinochloa|14v1|ECHC14V1K19C539357_P1 5658 249 84.7 globlastp 2584 MGP21 sorghum|13v2|BE597965 5659 250 98.4 globlastp 2585 MGP21 switchgrass|12v1|DN143877 5660 250 95.8 globlastp 2586 MGP21 switchgrass|12v1|FE657974 5661 250 95.8 globlastp 2587 MGP21 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X164234 5662 250 95.4 globlastp 2588 MGP21 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK586035_P1 5662 250 95.4 globlastp 2589 MGP21 rice|13v2|BE040481 5663 250 93.8 globlastp 2590 MGP21 barley|12v1|CA015158_P1 5664 250 87.4 globlastp 2591 MGP21 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003563628_P1 5665 250 85.1 globlastp 2592 MGP21 brachypodium|14v1|DV486006_P1 5666 250 85 globlastp 2593 MGP21 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI3G07730 5666 250 85 globlastp 2594 MGP21 maize|13v2|CD959011_P1 5667 250 83.9 globlastp 2595 MGP21 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1249481_P1 5668 250 83.7 globlastp 2596 MGP21 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X102638 5669 250 83.6 globlastp 2597 MGP21 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004951451_P1 5669 250 83.6 globlastp 2598 MGP21 sorghum|13v2|AW679678 5670 250 83.4 globlastp 2599 MGP21 sugarcane|10v1|CA084978 5671 250 83.4 globlastp 2600 MGP21 barley|12v1|BG299822_P1 5672 250 83.1 globlastp 2601 MGP21 barley|12v1|HV12V1CUFF69370T1_P1 5672 250 83.1 globlastp 2602 MGP21 wheat|12v3|BE419923 5673 250 83 globlastp 2603 MGP21 chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X104430_P1 5674 250 82.4 globlastp 2604 MGP21 oat|11v1|GO589552 5675 250 82.3 globlastp 2605 MGP21 rye|12v1|DRR001012.101530 5676 250 82.3 globlastp 2606 MGP21 switchgrass|12v1|DN141499 5677 250 82.3 globlastp 2607 MGP21 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012034401_P1 5678 250 82.2 globlastp 2608 MGP21 oat|14v1|GR326669_P1 5679 250 82.1 globlastp 2609 MGP21 aquilegia|10v2|DR913127_P1 5680 250 82.1 globlastp 2610 MGP21 banana|12v1|ES434839 5681 250 82 globlastp 2611 MGP21 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012034401 5682 250 82 globlastp 2612 MGP21 oat|14v1|GO589552_P1 5683 250 81.9 globlastp 2613 MGP21 oil_palm|11v1|EL683339_T1 5684 250 81.82 glotblastn 2614 MGP21 oat|14v1|SRR020741X322264D1_P1 5685 250 81.7 globlastp 2615 MGP21 carrot|14v1|BSS11K19C195484_P1 5686 250 81.6 globlastp 2616 MGP21 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1032207_P1 5687 250 81.6 globlastp 2617 MGP21 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012021585 5688 250 81.6 globlastp 2618 MGP21 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.171768XX1_P1 5689 250 81.6 globlastp 2619 MGP21 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012021585_P1 5690 250 81.4 globlastp 2620 MGP21 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X100113XX1 5691 250 81.4 globlastp 2621 MGP21 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X187736_P1 5692 250 81.2 globlastp 2622 MGP21 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X194589_P1 5693 250 81.2 globlastp 2623 MGP21 poppy|11v1|SRR030259.12349_P1 5694 250 81.2 globlastp 2624 MGP21 carrot|14v1|BSS11K19C12642_P1 5695 250 81 globlastp 2625 MGP21 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1260625_P1 5696 250 81 globlastp 2626 MGP21 cacao|13v1|DQ448874_P1 5697 250 81 globlastp 2627 MGP21 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BE055710_P1 5698 250 81 globlastp 2628 MGP21 clementine|11v1|EB684584_P1 5699 250 80.8 globlastp 2629 MGP21 cotton|11v1|CO121922_P1 5700 250 80.8 globlastp 2630 MGP21 orange|11v1|EB684584_P1 5701 250 80.8 globlastp 2631 MGP21 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1018491_P1 5702 250 80.6 globlastp 2632 MGP21 cotton|11v1|BE055710_P1 5703 250 80.6 globlastp 2633 MGP21 pepper|14v1|BM062205_P1 5704 250 80.5 globlastp 2634 MGP21 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C725457_T1 5705 250 80.46 glotblastn 2635 MGP21 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C109380_P1 5706 250 80.4 globlastp 2636 MGP21 oak|10v1|CU640047_P1 5707 250 80.4 globlastp 2637 MGP21 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X134097 5708 250 80.4 globlastp 2638 MGP21 prunus|10v1|CN492154 5709 250 80.31 glotblastn 2639 MGP21 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01015472001_P1 5710 250 80.2 globlastp 2640 MGP21 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01035769001_P1 5711 250 80.2 globlastp 2641 MGP21 sesame|12v1|SESI12V1393399 5712 250 80.2 globlastp 2642 MGP21 prunus_mume|13v1|SRR345675.70686 5713 250 80.12 glotblastn 2643 MGP21 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X116119D1_T1 5714 250 80 glotblastn 2644 MGP21 bean|13v1|FG228562_P1 5715 250 80 globlastp 2645 MGP21 olea|13v1|SRR014465X12818D1_T1 5716 250 80 glotblastn 2646 MGP21 strawberry|11v1|SRR034859S0005033 5717 250 80 globlastp 2647 MGP23 sorghum|13v2|BF585549 5718 252 95.3 globlastp 2648 MGP23 maize|13v2|AW061912_P1 5719 252 95.2 globlastp 2649 MGP23 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X114058 5720 252 92.8 globlastp 2650 MGP23 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK552921_P1 5720 252 92.8 globlastp 2651 MGP23 switchgrass|12v1|FE616828 5721 252 92.4 globlastp 2652 MGP23 switchgrass|12v1|FE613379 5722 252 92 globlastp 2653 MGP23 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X182583D1_P1 5723 252 91.8 globlastp 2654 MGP23 millet|10v1|EVO454PM004626_T1 5724 252 91.15 glotblastn 2655 MGP23 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X106248 5725 252 90.5 globlastp 2656 MGP23 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK590718_P1 5725 252 90.5 globlastp 2657 MGP23 rice|13v2|C93585 5726 252 88 globlastp 2658 MGP23 sorghum|13v2|BG050627 5727 252 87.3 globlastp 2659 MGP23 rye|12v1|DRR001012.124956 5728 252 86.7 globlastp 2660 MGP23 wheat|12v3|BQ801661 5729 252 86.7 globlastp 2661 MGP23 wheat|12v3|BQ240499 5730 252 86.6 globlastp 2662 MGP23 rye|12v1|DRR001012.105326 5731 252 86.4 globlastp 2663 MGP23 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI4G00730 5732 252 85.9 globlastp 2664 MGP23 brachypodium|14v1|GT775119_P1 5732 252 85.9 globlastp 2665 MGP23 rye|12v1|DRR001012.101341 5733 252 85.9 globlastp 2666 MGP23 barley|12v1|BG344529_P1 5734 252 85.6 globlastp 2667 MGP23 rye|12v1|DRR001012.108143 5735 252 81.06 glotblastn 2668 MGP23 barley|12v1|BU986045_P1 5736 252 80.9 globlastp 2669 MGP25 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G75450 5737 254 83.5 globlastp 2670 MGP25 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003558779_P1 5737 254 83.5 globlastp 2671 MGP25 switchgrass|12v1|FL689827 5738 254 81.1 globlastp 2672 MGP25 switchgrass|12v1|FE606348 5739 254 80.3 globlastp 2673 MGP26 switchgrass|12v1|FE627891 5740 255 90.5 globlastp 2674 MGP26 switchgrass|12v1|FE632937 5741 255 90.3 globlastp 2675 MGP26 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X187820 5742 255 90 globlastp 2676 MGP26 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004961975_P1 5742 255 90 globlastp 2677 MGP26 sorghum|13v2|CD431816 5743 255 89.1 globlastp 2678 MGP26 sugarcane|10v1|CA147488 5744 255 88.1 globlastp 2679 MGP26 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G24910 5745 255 87.3 globlastp 2680 MGP26 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003568370_P1 5745 255 87.3 globlastp 2681 MGP26 barley|12v1|AV835303_P1 5746 255 86.4 globlastp 2682 MGP26 maize|13v2|DW877026_P1 5747 255 85.1 globlastp 2683 MGP26 maize|13v2|CK826875_P1 5748 255 84.6 globlastp 2684 MGP26 sorghum|13v2|CF428718 5749 255 84 globlastp 2685 MGP26 switchgrass|12v1|SRR187770.1014778 5750 255 82.8 globlastp 2686 MGP26 rice|13v2|CI143684 5751 255 82.1 globlastp 2687 MGP26 wheat|12v3|CK202250 5752 255 82.06 glotblastn 2688 MGP26 wheat|12v3|CK195696 5753 255 81.85 glotblastn 2689 MGP26 oat|14v1|SRR020741X121755D1_T1 5754 255 81.8 glotblastn 2690 MGP26 wheat|12v3|CA617462 5755 255 81.7 globlastp 2691 MGP26 rye|12v1|DRR001012.377283 5756 255 81.25 glotblastn 2692 MGP26 oat|14v1|SRR020744X2229D1_P1 5757 255 80.6 globlastp 2693 MGP26 wheat|12v3|AL825380 5758 255 80.6 globlastp 2694 MGP26 brachypodium|14v1|BDJGIV2008681_P1 5759 255 80.4 globlastp 2695 MGP26 oat|14v1|ASTE13V1K23C753101_P1 5760 255 80.4 globlastp 2696 MGP26 oat|14v1|SRR020741X106434D1_P1 5761 255 80.4 globlastp 2697 MGP26 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G56970 5759 255 80.4 globlastp 2698 MGP26 brachypodium|14v1|XR_138061_P1 5759 255 80.4 globlastp 2699 MGP26 rye|12v1|BE704543 5762 255 80.4 glotblastn 2700 MGP27 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI4G05300 5763 256 80.4 globlastp 2701 MGP27 brachypodium|14v1|GT770421_P1 5763 256 80.4 globlastp 2702 MGP30 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003575941_P1 5764 258 83.9 globlastp 2703 MGP30 barley|12v1|BQ468900_P1 5765 258 83.1 globlastp 2704 MGP30 maize|13v2|EE041826_P1 5766 258 81.2 globlastp 2705 MGP30 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G46790 5767 258 81.07 glotblastn 2706 MGP30 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003564116_T1 5768 258 80.89 glotblastn 2707 MGP30 switchgrass|12v1|FL752785 5769 258 80.7 globlastp 2708 MGP30 switchgrass|12v1|FL745120 5770 258 80.2 globlastp 2709 MGP33 maize|13v2|W49460_P1 5771 259 89.7 globlastp 2710 MGP33 switchgrass|12v1|DN143687 5772 259 85.3 globlastp 2711 MGP33 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X125954D1_P1 5773 259 85.2 globlastp 2712 MGP33 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X100661D1_P1 5774 259 84.4 globlastp 2713 MGP33 foxtail_millet|13v2|EC613702 5775 259 83.7 globlastp 2714 MGP33 foxtail_millet|14v1|EC613702_P1 5775 259 83.7 globlastp 2715 MGP33 rice|13v2|U39603 5776 259 81.5 globlastp 2716 MGP33 wheat|12v3|BE400515 5777 259 81.5 globlastp 2717 MGP33 oat|11v1|CN818001XX2 5778 259 80.8 globlastp 2718 MGP33 fescue|13v1|DT680085_T1 5779 259 80.73 glotblastn 2719 MGP33 lolium|13v1|AU247350_P1 5780 259 80.3 globlastp 2720 MGP34 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X112944 5781 260 88.2 globlastp 2721 MGP34 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004981997_P1 5781 260 88.2 globlastp 2722 MGP34 switchgrass|12v1|FL693776 5782 260 87.4 globlastp 2723 MGP34 switchgrass|12v1|FL707978 5783 260 87.4 globlastp 2724 MGP34 millet|10v1|EVO454PM038129_T1 5784 260 87.02 glotblastn 2725 MGP34 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X217118D1_P1 5785 260 83.5 globlastp 2726 MGP35 sugarcane|10v1|BQ533620 5786 261 98.5 globlastp 2727 MGP35 maize|13v2|AI603703_P1 5787 261 95.7 globlastp 2728 MGP35 millet|10v1|EVO454PM006333_P1 5788 261 95.6 globlastp 2729 MGP35 switchgrass|12v1|DN143181 5789 261 95.3 globlastp 2730 MGP35 switchgrass|12v1|DN147531 5790 261 94.8 globlastp 2731 MGP35 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X170168D1_P1 5791 261 94.5 globlastp 2732 MGP35 foxtail_millet|14v1|EC613495_P1 5792 261 94.5 globlastp 2733 MGP35 foxtail_millet|13v2|EC613495 5792 261 94.5 globlastp 2734 MGP35 lovegrass|gb167|DN481848_P1 5793 261 91.8 globlastp 2735 MGP35 rice|13v2|AA751791 5794 261 91.8 globlastp 2736 MGP35 sorghum|13v2|AW671091 5795 261 91.3 globlastp 2737 MGP35 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X111230D1_P1 5796 261 90.7 globlastp 2738 MGP35 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G56030 5797 261 90.7 globlastp 2739 MGP35 brachypodium|14v1|DV474678_P1 5797 261 90.7 globlastp 2740 MGP35 switchgrass|12v1|SRR187765.258957 5798 261 90.7 globlastp 2741 MGP35 switchgrass|12v1|DN148413 5799 261 90.4 globlastp 2742 MGP35 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X103900D1_P1 5800 261 90.1 globlastp 2743 MGP35 maize|13v2|BG355384_P1 5801 261 90.1 globlastp 2744 MGP35 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X102337 5802 261 89.8 globlastp 2745 MGP35 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK556035_P1 5802 261 89.8 globlastp 2746 MGP35 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X140301D1_T1 5803 261 89.5 glotblastn 2747 MGP35 oat|14v1|GO595074_P1 5804 261 89.2 globlastp 2748 MGP35 oat|14v1|GR321410_P1 5804 261 89.2 globlastp 2749 MGP35 rice|13v2|AF378182 5805 261 89.2 globlastp 2750 MGP35 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.427356_P1 5806 261 89.2 globlastp 2751 MGP35 flaveria|11v1|SRR149239.151497_P1 5806 261 89.2 globlastp 2752 MGP35 leymus|gb166|EG375854_P1 5807 261 89 globlastp 2753 MGP35 barley|12v1|BI949443_P1 5808 261 89 globlastp 2754 MGP35 triphysaria|13v1|EY169717 5809 261 89 globlastp 2755 MGP35 oat|14v1|CN817279_P1 5810 261 88.9 globlastp 2756 MGP35 oat|11v1|CN817279 5810 261 88.9 globlastp 2757 MGP35 oat|14v1|CN818403_P1 5810 261 88.9 globlastp 2758 MGP35 banana|12v1|AF130251 5811 261 88.9 globlastp 2759 MGP35 banana|14v1|AF130251_P1 5811 261 88.9 globlastp 2760 MGP35 fescue|13v1|DT696580_P1 5812 261 88.9 globlastp 2761 MGP35 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.103790_P1 5813 261 88.9 globlastp 2762 MGP35 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.106623_P1 5814 261 88.9 globlastp 2763 MGP35 plantago|11v2|SRR066373X105937_P1 5815 261 88.7 globlastp 2764 MGP35 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.117805_T1 5816 261 88.63 glotblastn 2765 MGP35 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K29C855983_P1 5817 261 88.6 globlastp 2766 MGP35 cichorium|14v1|EH680019_P1 5818 261 88.6 globlastp 2767 MGP35 lettuce|12v1|AF162206_P1 5819 261 88.6 globlastp 2768 MGP35 echinacea|13v1|EPURP13V12555234_P1 5820 261 88.6 globlastp 2769 MGP35 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.481433XX1_P1 5821 261 88.6 globlastp 2770 MGP35 guizotia|10v1|GE553301_P1 5822 261 88.6 globlastp 2771 MGP35 millet|10v1|EVO454PM018151_P1 5823 261 88.6 globlastp 2772 MGP35 sunflower|12v1|CF080554 5824 261 88.6 globlastp 2773 MGP35 sunflower|12v1|DY945061 5824 261 88.6 globlastp 2774 MGP35 oat|11v1|CN816652 5825 261 88.4 globlastp 2775 MGP35 triphysaria|13v1|EY166297 5826 261 88.4 globlastp 2776 MGP35 wheat|12v3|BE213261 5827 261 88.4 globlastp 2777 MGP35 wheat|12v3|BE500460 5828 261 88.4 globlastp 2778 MGP35 wheat|12v3|BF483838 5827 261 88.4 globlastp 2779 MGP35 monkeyflower|12v1|GO964306_P1 5829 261 88.4 globlastp 2780 MGP35 rye|12v1|DRR001012.102480 5830 261 88.4 globlastp 2781 MGP35 rye|12v1|DRR001012.107173 5830 261 88.4 globlastp 2782 MGP35 rye|12v1|DRR001012.11334 5830 261 88.4 globlastp 2783 MGP35 rye|12v1|DRR001012.131061 5830 261 88.4 globlastp 2784 MGP35 wheat|12v3|BE418005 5827 261 88.4 globlastp 2785 MGP35 wheat|12v3|CA731570 5828 261 88.4 globlastp 2786 MGP35 apple|11v1|CN494551_T1 5831 261 88.34 glotblastn 2787 MGP35 chrysanthemum|14v1|DK937507_P1 5832 261 88.3 globlastp 2788 MGP35 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G24090 5833 261 88.3 globlastp 2789 MGP35 brachypodium|14v1|DV487803_P1 5833 261 88.3 globlastp 2790 MGP35 ginger|gb164|DY345757_P1 5834 261 88.3 globlastp 2791 MGP35 sunflower|12v1|CD847711 5835 261 88.3 globlastp 2792 MGP35 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1164745_P1 5836 261 88.1 globlastp 2793 MGP35 oat|14v1|CN816652_P1 5837 261 88.1 globlastp 2794 MGP35 olea|13v1|SRR014464X66123D1_P1 5838 261 88.1 globlastp 2795 MGP35 wheat|12v3|SRR043323X27090D1 5839 261 88.05 glotblastn 2796 MGP35 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012002515_P1 5840 261 88 globlastp 2797 MGP35 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X102974D1_P1 5841 261 88 globlastp 2798 MGP35 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X260477D1_P1 5841 261 88 globlastp 2799 MGP35 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1413728_P1 5842 261 88 globlastp 2800 MGP35 rye|12v1|BE495892 5843 261 88 globlastp 2801 MGP35 cotton|11v1|CO071333_P1 5844 261 88 globlastp 2802 MGP35 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.103087_P1 5845 261 88 globlastp 2803 MGP35 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012002515 5840 261 88 globlastp 2804 MGP35 cotton|11v1|CA993334_P1 5846 261 88 globlastp 2805 MGP35 curcuma|10v1|DY391238_P1 5847 261 88 globlastp 2806 MGP35 wheat|12v3|CA640404 5848 261 88 globlastp 2807 MGP35 wheat|12v3|CD919038 5849 261 88 globlastp 2808 MGP35 wheat|12v3|CJ884647 5850 261 88 globlastp 2809 MGP35 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039411X125306D1_P1 5851 261 87.8 globlastp 2810 MGP35 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X1214D1_P1 5852 261 87.8 globlastp 2811 MGP35 eucalyptus|11v2|CB967649_P1 5853 261 87.8 globlastp 2812 MGP35 artemisia|10v1|EY037407_P1 5854 261 87.8 globlastp 2813 MGP35 sunflower|12v1|BU672090 5855 261 87.8 globlastp 2814 MGP35 centaurea|11v1|EH734375_P1 5856 261 87.8 globlastp 2815 MGP35 cephalotaxus|11v1|SRR064395X106196_P1 5857 261 87.8 globlastp 2816 MGP35 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|CA993334_P1 5858 261 87.8 globlastp 2817 MGP35 rye|12v1|BF145234 5859 261 87.8 globlastp 2818 MGP35 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X107995 5860 261 87.8 globlastp 2819 MGP35 tragopogon|10v1|SRR020205S0002522 5861 261 87.76 glotblastn 2820 MGP35 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K19C1512860_P1 5862 261 87.5 globlastp 2821 MGP35 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X101608D1_P1 5863 261 87.5 globlaslp 2822 MGP35 cacao|13v1|CU481070_P1 5864 261 87.5 globlastp 2823 MGP35 sesame|12v1|JK059020 5865 261 87.5 globlastp 2824 MGP35 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X11699 5866 261 87.5 globlastp 2825 MGP35 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346943.241097_T1 5867 261 87.46 glotblastn 2826 MGP35 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X142044 5868 261 87.46 glotblastn 2827 MGP35 flaveria|11v1|SRR149244.129471_T1 5869 261 87.21 glotblastn 2828 MGP35 potato|10v1|BE922234_P1 5870 261 87.2 globlastp 2829 MGP35 tomato|13v1|BG134468 5871 261 87.2 globlastp 2830 MGP35 aristolochia|10v1|SRR039082S0026801_P1 5872 261 87.2 globlastp 2831 MGP35 cacao|13v1|FC072160_P1 5873 261 87.2 globlastp 2832 MGP35 centaurea|11v1|EH753707_P1 5874 261 87.2 globlastp 2833 MGP35 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1000554_P1 5874 261 87.2 globlastp 2834 MGP35 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1000677_P1 5874 261 87.2 globlastp 2835 MGP35 prunus_mume|13v1|DW341878 5875 261 87.2 globlastp 2836 MGP35 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG134468 5876 261 87.2 globlastp 2837 MGP35 pepper|12v1|GD064098 5877 261 86.9 globlastp 2838 MGP35 barley|12v1|BF629133_P1 5878 261 86.9 globlastp 2839 MGP35 coffea|10v1|DV685589_P1 5879 261 86.9 globlastp 2840 MGP35 dandelion|10v1|DY806919_P1 5880 261 86.9 globlastp 2841 MGP35 clementine|11v1|CV885954_P1 5881 261 86.9 globlastp 2842 MGP35 orange|11v1|CV885954_P1 5881 261 86.9 globlastp 2843 MGP35 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X100155_P1 5882 261 86.9 globlastp 2844 MGP35 triphysaria|13v1|SRR023500X11413 5883 261 86.9 globlastp 2845 MGP35 prunus|10v1|CN494551 5884 261 86.7 globlastp 2846 MGP35 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.105633_P1 5885 261 86.6 globlastp 2847 MGP35 distylium|11v1|SRR065077X100934_P1 5886 261 86.6 globlastp 2848 MGP35 eggplant|10v1|FS022032_P1 5887 261 86.6 globlastp 2849 MGP35 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB677504_P1 5888 261 86.6 globlastp 2850 MGP35 sequoia|10v1|SRR065044S0001805 5889 261 86.6 globlastp 2851 MGP35 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K19C584400_P1 5890 261 86.3 globlastp 2852 MGP35 soybean|13v2|GLYMA16G28310 5891 261 86.3 globlastp 2853 MGP35 conyza|10v1|SRR035294S0000036_P1 5892 261 86.3 globlastp 2854 MGP35 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP747205_P1 5893 261 86.3 globlastp 2855 MGP35 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BF268473_P1 5894 261 86.1 globlastp 2856 MGP35 onion|14v1|CF435208_P1 5895 261 86 globlastp 2857 MGP35 lotus|09v1|LLAV415589_P1 5896 261 86 globlastp 2858 MGP35 peanut|13v1|EE126296_P1 5897 261 86 globlastp 2859 MGP35 poplar|13v1|BI068614_P1 5898 261 86 globlastp 2860 MGP35 potato|10v1|BF053889_P1 5899 261 86 globlastp 2861 MGP35 beech|11v1|SRR006293.10946_P1 5900 261 86 globlastp 2862 MGP35 euphorbia|11v1|DV121804_P1 5901 261 86 globlastp 2863 MGP35 ginseng|13v1|DV555769_P1 5902 261 86 globlastp 2864 MGP35 onion|12v1|CF435208 5895 261 86 globlastp 2865 MGP35 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG123415 5899 261 86 globlastp 2866 MGP35 taxus|10v1|SRRG32523S0000081 5903 261 86 globlastp 2867 MGP35 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X113001_P1 5904 261 85.8 globlastp 2868 MGP35 cotton|11v1|BF268473XX2_P1 5905 261 85.8 globlastp 2869 MGP35 sciadopitys|10v1|SRR065035S0022728 5906 261 85.8 globlastp 2870 MGP35 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK19C156122_P1 5907 261 85.7 globlastp 2871 MGP35 pepper|14v1|CO907209_P1 5908 261 85.7 globlastp 2872 MGP35 pepper|12v1|CO907209 5908 261 85.7 globlastp 2873 MGP35 poplar|13v1|BU878945_P1 5909 261 85.7 globlastp 2874 MGP35 aquilegia|10v2|DR916286_P1 5910 261 85.7 globlastp 2875 MGP35 tomato|13v1|BG123415 5911 261 85.7 globlastp 2876 MGP35 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.1018904_P1 5912 261 85.7 globlastp 2877 MGP35 pigeonpea|11v1|GR472463_P1 5913 261 85.7 globlastp 2878 MGP35 poppy|11v1|SRR030262.35304_P1 5914 261 85.7 globlastp 2879 MGP35 strawberry|11v1|DY671211 5915 261 85.7 globlastp 2880 MGP35 clover|14v1|BB917224_P1 5916 261 85.5 globlastp 2881 MGP35 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C287382_P1 5917 261 85.5 globlastp 2882 MGP35 clover|14v1|ERR351507S23XK23C210554_P1 5918 261 85.5 globlastp 2883 MGP35 abies|11v2|SRR098676X103016_P1 5919 261 85.5 globlastp 2884 MGP35 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X105944_P1 5920 261 85.5 globlastp 2885 MGP35 cedrus|11v1|SRR065007X101257_P1 5921 261 85.5 globlastp 2886 MGP35 pine|10v2|AW010749_P1 5922 261 85.5 globlastp 2887 MGP35 blueberry|12v1|CV190758_T1 5923 261 85.42 glotblastn 2888 MGP35 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK19C52645_P1 5924 261 85.4 globlastp 2889 MGP35 cyclamen|14v1|B3LEAFK19C111351_P1 5925 261 85.4 globlastp 2890 MGP35 beet|12v1|BE590341_P1 5926 261 85.4 globlastp 2891 MGP35 castorbean|12v1|EE256791 5927 261 85.4 globlastp 2892 MGP35 castorbean|14v2|EE256791_P1 5927 261 85.4 globlastp 2893 MGP35 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.89631_P1 5928 261 85.4 globlastp 2894 MGP35 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.161221_P1 5929 261 85.4 globlastp 2895 MGP35 cleome_spinosa|10v1|GR934468_P1 5930 261 85.4 globlastp 2896 MGP35 medicago|13v1|AW695293_P1 5931 261 85.4 globlastp 2897 MGP35 pea|11v1|AY093594_P1 5932 261 85.4 globlastp 2898 MGP35 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X119970 5933 261 85.2 globlastp 2899 MGP35 soybean|13v2|GLYMA20G30620 5934 261 85.1 globlastp 2900 MGP35 bean|13v1|CA896765_P1 5935 261 85.1 globlastp 2901 MGP35 nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.106468_P1 5936 261 85.1 globlastp 2902 MGP35 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X14372_P1 5937 261 85.1 globlastp 2903 MGP35 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X181063 5938 261 85.1 globlastp 2904 MGP35 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X108765 5939 261 85 globlastp 2905 MGP35 spruce|11v1|ES262108 5940 261 84.9 globlastp 2906 MGP35 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X116134 5941 261 84.84 glotblastn 2907 MGP35 arabidopsis|13v2|AT1G43670_P1 5942 261 84.8 globlastp 2908 MGP35 cotton|11v1|AI725778_P1 5943 261 84.8 globlastp 2909 MGP35 cowpea|12v1|FF537383_P1 5944 261 84.8 globlastp 2910 MGP35 soybean|13v2|GLYMA10G36990 5945 261 84.8 globlastp 2911 MGP35 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|R64990_P1 5946 261 84.8 globlastp 2912 MGP35 cannabis|12v1|GR221470_P1 5947 261 84.8 globlastp 2913 MGP35 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI725778_P1 5948 261 84.8 globlastp 2914 MGP35 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01034516001_P1 5949 261 84.6 globlastp 2915 MGP35 maritime_pine|10v1|SRR073317S0112065_P1 5950 261 84.6 globlastp 2916 MGP35 pseudotsuga|10v1|SRR065119S0006124 5951 261 84.6 globlastp 2917 MGP35 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039411X146682D1_T1 5952 261 84.55 glotblastn 2918 MGP35 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C121060_T1 5953 261 84.55 glotblastn 2919 MGP35 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C333527_T1 5954 261 84.55 glotblastn 2920 MGP35 cassava|09v1|DV445162_P1 5955 261 84.5 globlastp 2921 MGP35 oak|10v1|DN950074_P1 5956 261 84.5 globlastp 2922 MGP35 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X24384D1_P1 5957 261 84.3 globlastp 2923 MGP35 bean|13v1|CB542773_P1 5958 261 84.3 globlastp 2924 MGP35 catharanthus|11v1|SRR098691X100895_P1 5959 261 84.3 globlastp 2925 MGP35 cleome_gynandra|10v1|SRR015532S0001488_P1 5960 261 84.3 globlastp 2926 MGP35 sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.118387 5961 261 84.09 glotblastn 2927 MGP35 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K23C1593271_P1 5962 261 84 globlastp 2928 MGP35 melon|10v1|AM722275_P1 5963 261 84 globlastp 2929 MGP35 onion|14v1|CF436368_P1 5964 261 84 globlastp 2930 MGP35 bean|13v1|CB539815_P1 5965 261 84 globlastp 2931 MGP35 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X141751 5966 261 84 globlastp 2932 MGP35 watermelon|11v1|DQ641061 5967 261 84 globlastp 2933 MGP35 cucumber|09v1|DQ641061_P1 5968 261 83.5 globlastp 2934 MGP35 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X135772_P1 5969 261 83.4 globlastp 2935 MGP35 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|DN776897 5970 261 83.4 globlastp 2936 MGP35 canola|11v1|EE411898_P1 5971 261 83.1 globlastp 2937 MGP35 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01AN79Q_P1 5972 261 83.1 globlastp 2938 MGP35 b_oleracea|14v1|AY161288_P1 5973 261 83.1 globlastp 2939 MGP35 b_oleracea|gb161|AM387331 5974 261 83.1 globlastp 2940 MGP35 b_rapa|11v1|AY161288_P1 5971 261 83.1 globlastp 2941 MGP35 canola|11v1|CN728724_P1 5972 261 83.1 globlastp 2942 MGP35 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01AWRYD_P1 5975 261 83.1 globlastp 2943 MGP35 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1091984_P1 5976 261 82.8 globlastp 2944 MGP35 canola|11v1|BNU20179_P1 5977 261 82.8 globlastp 2945 MGP35 b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01A2RP8_P1 5978 261 82.8 globlastp 2946 MGP35 b_rapa|11v1|BNU20179_P1 5977 261 82.8 globlastp 2947 MGP35 ceratodon|10v1|SRR074890S0006655_P1 5979 261 82.8 globlastp 2948 MGP35 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X118561_T1 5980 261 82.8 glotblastn 2949 MGP35 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.1011833_P1 5981 261 82.8 globlastp 2950 MGP35 zostera|12v1|AM768662 5982 261 82.51 glotblastn 2951 MGP35 b_oleracea|14v1|BNU20179_P1 5983 261 82.5 globlastp 2952 MGP35 radish|gb164|EV565372 5984 261 82.5 globlastp 2953 MGP35 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X107123 5985 261 82.5 globlastp 2954 MGP35 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.107698_P1 5986 261 82.4 globlastp 2955 MGP35 maritime_pine|10v1|SRR073317S0023450_T1 5987 261 82.27 glotblastn 2956 MGP35 oat|14v1|ERR160119X122076D1_T1 5988 261 82.22 glotblastn 2957 MGP35 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X225329_P1 5989 261 82.2 globlastp 2958 MGP35 pteridium|11v1|SRR043594X105298 5990 261 82.2 globlastp 2959 MGP35 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X188200 5991 261 82.2 globlastp 2960 MGP35 physcomitrella|13v1|BI487880_P1 5992 261 82 globlastp 2961 MGP35 spruce|11v1|ES852698 5993 261 82 globlastp 2962 MGP35 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K23C1707250_T1 5994 261 81.92 glotblastn 2963 MGP35 silene|11v1|SRR096785X252708 5995 261 81.92 glotblastn 2964 MGP35 physcomitrella|13v1|BJ157670_P1 5996 261 81.7 globlastp 2965 MGP35 pine|10v2|AW010114_P1 5997 261 81.7 globlastp 2966 MGP35 heritiera|10v1|SRR005794S0006923_P1 5998 261 81.6 globlastp 2967 MGP35 podocarpus|10v1|SRR065014S0006033_T1 5999 261 81.39 glotblastn 2968 MGP35 cedrus|11v1|SRR065007X131355_T1 6000 261 81.34 glotblastn 2969 MGP35 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1664392_P1 6001 261 81 globlastp 2970 MGP35 soybean|13v2|GLYMA08G19430 6002 261 81 globlastp 2971 MGP35 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.11384_P1 6003 261 81 globlastp 2972 MGP35 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C741643_P1 6004 261 80.8 globlastp 2973 MGP35 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C758412_P1 6005 261 80.5 globlastp 2974 MGP35 medicago|13v1|AL386990_P1 6006 261 80.5 globlastp 2975 MGP35 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X100297_P1 6007 261 80.5 globlastp 2976 MGP35 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.104395_P1 6008 261 80.2 globlastp 2977 MGP35 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X109409_P1 6009 261 80.2 globlastp 2978 MGP37 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350549X711117 6010 262 89.7 globlastp 2979 MGP37 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004975416_P1 6010 262 89.7 globlastp 2980 MGP37 sorghum|13v2|CD228337 6011 262 87.4 globlastp 2981 MGP37 sugarcane|10v1|CA074074 6012 262 87.4 globlastp 2982 MGP37 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X156265 6013 262 86.5 globlastp 2983 MGP37 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004966253_P1 6013 262 86.5 globlastp 2984 MGP37 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X136126D1_P1 6014 262 86.1 globlastp 2985 MGP37 switchgrass|12v1|FE651728 6015 262 86.1 globlastp 2986 MGP37 maize|13v2|AW055996_P1 6016 262 85.8 globlastp 2987 MGP37 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI5G22340 6017 262 85.7 globlastp 2988 MGP37 brachypodium|14v1|GT760670_P1 6017 262 85.7 globlastp 2989 MGP37 millet|10v1|EVO454PM005485_P1 6018 262 85.7 globlastp 2990 MGP37 rice|13v2|AJ238318 6019 262 85.2 globlastp 2991 MGP37 rice|13v2|AU029727 6019 262 85.2 globlastp 2992 MGP37 switchgrass|12v1|FL732312 6020 262 85.2 globlastp 2993 MGP37 maize|13v2|AI782948_P1 6021 262 84.8 globlastp 2994 MGP37 barley|12v1|BF258535_P1 6022 262 83 globlastp 2995 MGP37 rye|12v1|DRR001012.180497 6023 262 83 globlastp 2996 MGP37 rye|12v1|DRR001012.2023 6024 262 83 globlastp 2997 MGP37 wheat|12v3|BE414391 6025 262 82.1 globlastp 2998 MGP37 oat|14v1|SRR020741X10670D1_P1 6026 262 81.2 globlastp 2999 MGP37 brachypodium|13v2|SRR031797X208674 6027 262 80.7 globlastp 3000 MGP37 lolium|13v1|SRR029311X10533_P1 6028 262 80.7 globlastp 3001 MGP37 fescue|13v1|DT674622_P1 6029 262 80.4 globlastp 3002 MGP38 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004951354_P1 6030 263 98.9 globlastp 3003 MGP38 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X100752 6030 263 98.9 globlastp 3004 MGP38 switchgrass|12v1|FL718210 6031 263 96.8 globlastp 3005 MGP38 switchgrass|12v1|FE629382 6032 263 96.6 globlastp 3006 MGP38 rice|13v2|AU095769 6033 263 94.3 globlastp 3007 MGP38 sugarcane|10v1|CA142156 6034 263 92.24 glotblastn 3008 MGP38 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI3G08430 6035 263 92.2 globlastp 3009 MGP38 brachypodium|14v1|DV480252_P1 6035 263 92.2 globlastp 3010 MGP38 wheat|12v3|BE406523 6036 263 90.8 globlastp 3011 MGP38 maize|13v2|BM079493_P1 6037 263 88.4 globlastp 3012 MGP38 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X108924D1_P1 6038 263 86.2 globlastp 3013 MGP38 millet|10v1|EVO454PM105325_P1 6039 263 86.2 globlastp 3014 MGP38 fescue|13v1|DT686771_P1 6040 263 85.9 globlastp 3015 MGP38 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X122980 6041 263 85.9 globlastp 3016 MGP38 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK577774_P1 6041 263 85.9 globlastp 3017 MGP38 lolium|13v1|ERR246397S52418_P1 6042 263 85.9 globlastp 3018 MGP38 sorghum|13v2|XM_002438539 6043 263 85.6 globlastp 3019 MGP38 pineapple|14v1|DT337600_P1 6044 263 85.3 globlastp 3020 MGP38 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G37770 6045 263 85.3 globlastp 3021 MGP38 brachypodium|14v1|GT790814_P1 6045 263 85.3 globlastp 3022 MGP38 rice|13v2|AU056904 6046 263 85.3 globlastp 3023 MGP38 wheat|12v3|CA698690 6047 263 85.3 globlastp 3024 MGP38 switchgrass|12v1|FE641982 6048 263 85.1 globlastp 3025 MGP38 switchgrass|12v1|FL913880 6049 263 84.8 globlastp 3026 MGP38 maize|13v2|DV532943_P1 6050 263 84.6 globlastp 3027 MGP38 barley|12v1|BG299500_P1 6051 263 84.2 globlastp 3028 MGP38 oat|14v1|GR330674_P1 6052 263 83.9 globlastp 3029 MGP38 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012011637_P1 6053 263 82.5 globlastp 3030 MGP38 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012011637 6053 263 82.5 globlastp 3031 MGP38 oil_palm|11v1|SRR190698.232455_P1 6054 263 82.5 globlastp 3032 MGP38 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012005113 6055 263 82.2 globlastp 3033 MGP38 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012005113_P1 6056 263 81.9 globlastp 3034 MGP38 banana|14v1|FF562173_P1 6057 263 81.3 globlastp 3035 MGP38 banana|12v1|FF562173 6057 263 81.3 globlastp 3036 MGP38 rice|13v2|BI806657 6058 263 81.3 globlastp 3037 MGP38 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1147353_P1 6059 263 81 globlastp 3038 MGP38 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X134931D1_P1 6060 263 81 globlastp 3039 MGP38 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X110797 6061 263 81 globlastp 3040 MGP38 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK554067_P1 6061 263 81 globlastp 3041 MGP38 brachypodium|14v1|GT760889_P1 6062 263 80.7 globlastp 3042 MGP38 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1462611_P1 6063 263 80.7 globlastp 3043 MGP38 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G05770 6062 263 80.7 globlastp 3044 MGP38 fescue|13v1|GO838462_P1 6064 263 80.7 globlastp 3045 MGP38 fescue|13v1|GO842714_P1 6064 263 80.7 globlastp 3046 MGP38 lolium|13v1|LOLR13V11230814_P1 6064 263 80.7 globlastp 3047 MGP38 oil_palm|11v1|SRR190698.205819_P1 6065 263 80.7 globlastp 3048 MGP38 switchgrass|12v1|FL696442 6066 263 80.7 globlastp 3049 MGP38 maize|13v2|BM895989_P1 6067 263 80.5 globlastp 3050 MGP38 millet|10v1|EVO454PM002738_P1 6068 263 80.5 globlastp 3051 MGP38 sorghum|13v2|AI724338 6069 263 80.5 globlastp 3052 MGP38 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012025954_P1 6070 263 80.2 globlastp 3053 MGP38 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012025954 6070 263 80.2 globlastp 3054 MGP38 barley|12v1|BI954196_P1 6071 263 80.2 globlastp 3055 MGP38 cenchrus|13v1|EB654673_P1 6072 263 80.2 globlastp 3056 MGP42 rye|12v1|DRR001012.294558 6073 266 99.4 globlastp 3057 MGP42 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X311547 6074 266 89.9 globlastp 3058 MGP42 rice|13v2|AU101185 6075 266 89.9 globlastp 3059 MGP42 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK570560_P1 6076 266 89.6 globlastp 3060 MGP42 sorghum|13v2|XM_002455976 6077 266 88.1 globlastp 3061 MGP42 barley|12v1|AK250000_P1 6078 266 86.4 globlastp 3062 MGP42 maize|13v2|T23299_P1 6079 266 86.1 globlastp 3063 MGP42 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X111623D1_P1 6080 266 82.1 globlastp 3064 MGP42 foxtail_millet|13v2|GT090964 6081 266 82.1 globlastp 3065 MGP42 foxtail_millet|14v1|GT090964_P1 6081 266 82.1 globlastp 3066 MGP42 switchgrass|12v1|HO294407 6082 266 82 globlastp 3067 MGP42 rice|13v2|U38033 6083 266 81.6 globlastp 3068 MGP42 millet|10v1|EVO454PM001113_P1 6084 266 81.3 globlastp 3069 MGP42 sorghum|13v2|AW676941 6085 266 81.3 globlastp 3070 MGP42 sugarcane|10v1|CA078890 6085 266 81.3 globlastp 3071 MGP42 cenchrus|13v1|EB660609_P1 6086 266 81 globlastp 3072 MGP42 maize|13v2|T25262_P1 6087 266 81 globlastp 3073 MGP42 rye|12v1|DRR001012.118906 6088 266 81 globlastp 3074 MGP42 rye|12v1|DRR001012.291333 6088 266 81 globlastp 3075 MGP42 wheat|12v3|BE417095 6088 266 81 globlastp 3076 MGP42 wheat|12v3|BE585908 6088 266 81 globlastp 3077 MGP42 wheat|12v3|BJ288126 6088 266 81 globlastp 3078 MGP42 wheat|12v3|SRR043323X76288D1 6089 266 81 globlastp 3079 MGP42 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI4G01400 6090 266 80.7 globlastp 3080 MGP42 brachypodium|14v1|DV486862_P1 6090 266 80.7 globlastp 3081 MGP42 wheat|12v3|BE500570 6091 266 80.7 globlastp 3082 MGP42 wheat|12v3|BQ838807 6091 266 80.7 globlastp 3083 MGP42 oat|14v1|CN817280_P1 6092 266 80.1 globlastp 3084 MGP42 barley|12v1|BQ461673_P1 6093 266 80.1 globlastp 3085 MGP42 oat|11v1|CN817280 6092 266 80.1 globlastp 3086 RIN44 cenchrus|13v1|EB656437_P1 6094 269 97.2 globlastp 3087 RIN44 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X113582 6094 269 97.2 globlastp 3088 RIN44 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK578577_P1 6094 269 97.2 globlastp 3089 RIN44 millet|10v1|EVO454PM068145_P1 6094 269 97.2 globlastp 3090 RIN44 sorghum|13v2|BG357466 6095 269 96.8 globlastp 3091 RIN44 sugarcane|10v1|CA072235 6096 269 96.3 globlastp 3092 RIN44 switchgrass|12v1|DN141962 6097 269 96.3 globlastp 3093 RIN44 maize|13v2|AI670288_P1 6098 269 95.9 globlastp 3094 RIN44 switchgrass|12v1|FE658968 6099 269 95.9 globlastp 3095 RIN44 barley|12v1|BG368569_P1 6100 269 93.5 globlastp 3096 RIN44 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G16480 6101 269 93.5 globlastp 3097 RIN44 brachypodium|14v1|GT822260_P1 6101 269 93.5 globlastp 3098 RIN44 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X187469 6102 269 93.5 globlastp 3099 RIN44 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK599077_P1 6102 269 93.5 globlastp 3100 RIN44 maize|13v2|AI737144_P1 6103 269 93.5 globlastp 3101 RIN44 maize|13v2|AI947316_P1 6102 269 93.5 globlastp 3102 RIN44 oil_palm|11v1|EY408384_P1 6104 269 93.5 globlastp 3103 RIN44 rice|13v2|BI811354 6102 269 93.5 globlastp 3104 RIN44 rye|12v1|DRR001012.125467 6100 269 93.5 globlastp 3105 RIN44 sorghum|13v2|AW565732 6102 269 93.5 globlastp 3106 RIN44 sorghum|13v2|JGIV2SB13015821 6102 269 93.5 globlastp 3107 RIN44 switchgrass|12v1|FL774425 6105 269 93.5 globlastp 3108 RIN44 wheat|12v3|BE403841 6106 269 93.5 globlastp 3109 RIN44 wheat|12v3|BF200766 6107 269 93.5 globlastp 3110 RIN44 onion|14v1|SRR073446X102340D1_P1 6108 269 93.1 globlastp 3111 RIN44 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI4G28130 6109 269 93.1 globlastp 3112 RIN44 brachypodium|14v1|GT822827_P1 6109 269 93.1 globlastp 3113 RIN44 lolium|13v1|AU251220_P1 6110 269 93.1 globlastp 3114 RIN44 maize|13v2|AW289017_P1 6111 269 93.1 globlastp 3115 RIN44 nuphar|gb166|CD473858_P1 6112 269 93.1 globlastp 3116 RIN44 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1387575_P1 6113 269 92.7 globlastp 3117 RIN44 humulus|11v1|EX521431_P1 6114 269 92.7 globlastp 3118 RIN44 thalictrum|11v1|SRR096787X104994 6115 269 92.7 globlastp 3119 RIN44 onion|14v1|SRR573714X423152D1_P1 6116 269 92.6 globlastp 3120 RIN44 aristolochia|10v1|SRR039082S0017353_P1 6117 269 92.6 globlastp 3121 RIN44 eschscholzia|11v1|CD477198XX1_P1 6118 269 92.6 globlastp 3122 RIN44 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1228952_P1 6119 269 92.2 globlastp 3123 RIN44 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01021143001_P1 6120 269 92.2 globlastp 3124 RIN44 aquilegia|10v2|DR918986_P1 6121 269 92.2 globlastp 3125 RIN44 centaurea|11v1|EH736291_P1 6122 269 92.2 globlastp 3126 RIN44 chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X101292_P1 6123 269 92.2 globlastp 3127 RIN44 oat|11v1|GO591531 6124 269 92.2 globlastp 3128 RIN44 poppy|11v1|SRR030262.76307_P1 6125 269 92.2 globlastp 3129 RIN44 prunus|10v1|BU047796 6126 269 92.2 globlastp 3130 RIN44 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X122616 6127 269 92.2 globlastp 3131 RIN44 nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.127119_T1 6128 269 92.17 glotblasm 3132 RIN44 onion|12v1|SRR073446X102340D1 6129 269 92.17 glotblastn 3133 RIN44 amborella|12v3|FD430880_P1 6130 269 91.8 globlastp 3134 RIN44 catharanthus|11v1|SRR098691X103140_T1 6131 269 91.71 glotblastn 3135 RIN44 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1005447_T1 6132 269 91.71 glotblastn 3136 RIN44 brachypodium|14v1|XM_003574385_P1 6133 269 91.7 globlastp 3137 RIN44 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C24581_P1 6134 269 91.7 globlastp 3138 RIN44 carrot|14v1|BSS10K19C25795_P1 6134 269 91.7 globlastp 3139 RIN44 carrot|14v1|JG758285_P1 6134 269 91.7 globlastp 3140 RIN44 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1067072_P1 6135 269 91.7 globlastp 3141 RIN44 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1427740_P1 6136 269 91.7 globlastp 3142 RIN44 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI3G35100 6133 269 91.7 globlastp 3143 RIN44 cacao|13v1|CU494180_P1 6137 269 91.7 globlastp 3144 RIN44 cassava|09v1|DV448648_P1 6138 269 91.7 globlastp 3145 RIN44 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X170388_P1 6139 269 91.7 globlastp 3146 RIN44 poppy|11v1|FG610924_P1 6140 269 91.7 globlastp 3147 RIN44 prunus_mume|13v1|BU047796 6141 269 91.7 globlastp 3148 RIN44 prunus_mume|13v1|SRR345674.48377 6142 269 91.7 globlastp 3149 RIN44 prunus|10v1|CN863440 6142 269 91.7 globlastp 3150 RIN44 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG124266 6143 269 91.7 globlastp 3151 RIN44 thalictrum|11v1|SRR096787X100103 6144 269 91.7 globlastp 3152 RIN44 tomato|13v1|BG124266 6143 269 91.7 globlastp 3153 RIN44 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X119848 6145 269 91.7 globlastp 3154 RIN44 wheat|12v3|BE402743 6146 269 91.7 globlastp 3155 RIN44 kiwi|gb166|FG396819_P1 6147 269 91.3 globlastp 3156 RIN44 arabidopsis|13v2|AT5G60860_P1 6148 269 91.3 globlastp 3157 RIN44 lupin|13v4|SRR520490.318952_P1 6149 269 91.3 globlastp 3158 RIN44 nasturtium|11v1|GH167405XX2_P1 6150 269 91.3 globlastp 3159 RIN44 soybean|13v2|GLYMA13G24160 6151 269 91.3 globlastp 3160 RIN44 strawberry|11v1|EX662545 6152 269 91.3 globlastp 3161 RIN44 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X115741 6153 269 91.3 globlastp 3162 RIN44 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X100764 6154 269 91.3 globlastp 3163 RIN44 euonymus|11v1|SRR070040X105477_T1 6155 269 91.24 glotblastn 3164 RIN44 apple|11v1|CN855415_P1 6156 269 91.2 globlastp 3165 RIN44 potato|10v1|CK266413_P1 6157 269 91.2 globlastp 3166 RIN44 eucalyptus|11v2|CD668274_P1 6158 269 90.9 globlastp 3167 RIN44 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK19C112589_P1 6159 269 90.8 globlastp 3168 RIN44 oat|14v1|GO591531_P1 6160 269 90.8 globlastp 3169 RIN44 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1132001_P1 6161 269 90.8 globlastp 3170 RIN44 castorbean|12v1|GE633876 6162 269 90.8 globlastp 3171 RIN44 castorbean|14v2|GE633876_P1 6162 269 90.8 globlastp 3172 RIN44 coffea|10v1|DV675379_P1 6163 269 90.8 globlastp 3173 RIN44 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X103911_P1 6164 269 90.8 globlastp 3174 RIN44 apple|11v1|CN897744_P1 6165 269 90.8 globlastp 3175 RIN44 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|BT005238_P1 6166 269 90.8 globlastp 3176 RIN44 beech|11v1|SRR006293.1226_P1 6167 269 90.8 globlastp 3177 RIN44 cassava|09v1|JGICASSAVA40676M1_P1 6168 269 90.8 globlastp 3178 RIN44 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.101669_P1 6169 269 90.8 globlastp 3179 RIN44 cynara|gb167|GE592067_P1 6170 269 90.8 globlastp 3180 RIN44 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X146214_P1 6171 269 90.8 globlastp 3181 RIN44 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X217904_P1 6172 269 90.8 globlastp 3182 RIN44 lupin|13v4|SRR520490.116862_P1 6173 269 90.8 globlastp 3183 RIN44 papaya|gb165|EX266580_P1 6174 269 90.8 globlastp 3184 RIN44 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X113524_P1 6175 269 90.8 globlastp 3185 RIN44 primula|11v1|SRR098679X82439_P1 6176 269 90.8 globlastp 3186 RIN44 safflower|gb162|EL385522 6177 269 90.8 globlastp 3187 RIN44 strawberry|11v1|CO380410 6178 269 90.8 globlastp 3188 RIN44 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X126146 6179 269 90.8 globlastp 3189 RIN44 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X12359 6180 269 90.8 globlastp 3190 RIN44 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X402520_T1 6181 269 90.78 glotblastn 3191 RIN44 chestnut|14v1|SRR006295X109531D1_P1 6182 269 90.4 globlastp 3192 RIN44 blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X53440D1_P1 6183 269 90.4 globlastp 3193 RIN44 clementine|11v1|CX638873_P1 6184 269 90.4 globlastp 3194 RIN44 euphorbia|11v1|DV123215_P1 6185 269 90.4 globlastp 3195 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|JK987379_P1 6186 269 90.4 globlastp 3196 RIN44 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01014250001_P1 6187 269 90.4 globlastp 3197 RIN44 humulus|11v1|EX517008_P1 6188 269 90.4 globlastp 3198 RIN44 lotus|09v1|LLZ73956_P1 6189 269 90.4 globlastp 3199 RIN44 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP748717_P1 6190 269 90.4 globlastp 3200 RIN44 oak|10v1|CU657667_P1 6191 269 90.4 globlastp 3201 RIN44 oak|10v1|SRR006307S0042660_P1 6192 269 90.4 globlastp 3202 RIN44 orange|11v1|CX638873_P1 6184 269 90.4 globlastp 3203 RIN44 pepper|12v1|GD054316 6193 269 90.4 globlastp 3204 RIN44 watermelon|11v1|AM724068 6194 269 90.4 globlastp 3205 RIN44 oil_palm|11v1|SRR190698.262085_P1 6195 269 90.3 globlastp 3206 RIN44 eucalyptus|11v2|CD668564_P1 6196 269 90 globlastp 3207 RIN44 castorbean|14v2|XM_002522466_P1 6197 269 89.9 globlastp 3208 RIN44 clover|14v1|BB907424_P1 6198 269 89.9 globlastp 3209 RIN44 soybean|13v2|GLYMA12G14070 6199 269 89.9 globlastp 3210 RIN44 apple|11v1|CN909644_P1 6200 269 89.9 globlastp 3211 RIN44 bean|13v1|CA907878_P1 6201 269 89.9 globlastp 3212 RIN44 beet|12v1|BQ590967_P1 6202 269 89.9 globlastp 3213 RIN44 cacao|13v1|CU474236_P1 6203 269 89.9 globlastp 3214 RIN44 castorbean|12v1|XM_002522466 6197 269 89.9 globlastp 3215 RIN44 clementine|11v1|CB290326_P1 6204 269 89.9 globlastp 3216 RIN44 clementine|11v1|CK933331_P1 6205 269 89.9 globlastp 3217 RIN44 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063689X101832_P1 6206 269 89.9 globlastp 3218 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|JK988803_P1 6207 269 89.9 globlastp 3219 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.221819_P1 6207 269 89.9 globlastp 3220 RIN44 hornbeam|12v1|SRR364455.108711_P1 6208 269 89.9 globlastp 3221 RIN44 lotus|09v1|LLAV419906_P1 6209 269 89.9 globlastp 3222 RIN44 medicago|13v1|AL369389_P1 6210 269 89.9 globlastp 3223 RIN44 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP748550_P1 6211 269 89.9 globlastp 3224 RIN44 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|CN747661_P1 6212 269 89.9 globlastp 3225 RIN44 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X128996_P1 6213 269 89.9 globlastp 3226 RIN44 plantago|11v2|SRR066373X111949_P1 6214 269 89.9 globlastp 3227 RIN44 poplar|13v1|BI130112_P1 6215 269 89.9 globlastp 3228 RIN44 soybean|13v2|GLYMA07G32420 6216 269 89.9 globlastp 3229 RIN44 tobacco|gb162|EB425325 6217 269 89.9 globlastp 3230 RIN44 zostera|12v1|SRR057351X116426D1 6218 269 89.9 globlastp 3231 RIN44 olea|13v1|SRR014463X50337D1_P1 6219 269 89.5 globlastp 3232 RIN44 tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X102629 6220 269 89.5 globlastp 3233 RIN44 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X172487_T1 — 269 89.5 glotblastn 3234 RIN44 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C682970_P1 6221 269 89.4 globlastp 3235 RIN44 onion|14v1|SRR073446X116375D1_P1 6222 269 89.4 globlaslp 3236 RIN44 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1042116_P1 6223 269 89.4 globlastp 3237 RIN44 soybean|13v2|GLYMA06G43830 6224 269 89.4 globlastp 3238 RIN44 cassava|09v1|BI325245_P1 6225 269 89.4 globlastp 3239 RIN44 cassava|09v1|DV448254_P1 6226 269 89.4 globlastp 3240 RIN44 castorbean|12v1|EE256492 6227 269 89.4 globlastp 3241 RIN44 cucumber|09v1|ES882990_P1 6228 269 89.4 globlastp 3242 RIN44 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063703X101421_P1 6229 269 89.4 globlastp 3243 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|SRR547984.518463_T1 6230 269 89.4 glotblastn 3244 RIN44 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BG441743_P1 6231 269 89.4 globlastp 3245 RIN44 melon|10v1|AM724068_P1 6228 269 89.4 globlastp 3246 RIN44 olea|13v1|SRR014464X11215D1_P1 6232 269 89.4 globlastp 3247 RIN44 orange|11v1|CK933331_P1 6233 269 89.4 globlastp 3248 RIN44 peanut|13v1|SRR042413X11685_P1 6234 269 89.4 globlastp 3249 RIN44 phyla|11v2|SRR099035X125740_P1 6235 269 89.4 globlastp 3250 RIN44 poplar|13v1|BU889283_P1 6236 269 89.4 globlastp 3251 RIN44 silene|11v1|SRR096785X106982 6237 269 89.4 globlastp 3252 RIN44 triphysaria|13v1|DR174373 6238 269 89.4 globlastp 3253 RIN44 tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X119451 6239 269 89.4 globlastp 3254 RIN44 chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0049857 6240 269 89.1 globlastp 3255 RIN44 clover|14v1|BB929132_P1 6241 269 89 globlastp 3256 RIN44 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C251077_P1 6242 269 89 globlastp 3257 RIN44 clover|14v1|FY467422_P1 6241 269 89 globlastp 3258 RIN44 vicia|14v1|HX905865_P1 6243 269 89 globlastp 3259 RIN44 potato|10v1|BQ11861_P1 6244 269 89 globlastp 3260 RIN44 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.136483_P1 6245 269 89 globlastp 3261 RIN44 antirrhinum|gb166|AJ558853_P1 6246 269 89 globlastp 3262 RIN44 chickpea|13v2|SRR133518.35867_P1 6247 269 89 globlastp 3263 RIN44 cotton|11v1|BG441743_P1 6248 269 89 globlastp 3264 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.273217_P1 6249 269 89 globlastp 3265 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|SRR547984.155139_P1 6250 269 89 globlastp 3266 RIN44 medicago|13v1|AW686800_P1 6251 269 89 globlastp 3267 RIN44 medicago|13v1|CO516239_P1 6252 269 89 globlastp 3268 RIN44 oak|10v1|DB999247_P1 6253 269 89 globlastp 3269 RIN44 olea|13v1|SRR014463X31537D1_P1 6254 269 89 globlastp 3270 RIN44 onion|12v1|SRR073446X157918D1 6255 269 89 globlastp 3271 RIN44 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X118768_P1 6256 269 89 globlastp 3272 RIN44 poplar|13v1|AI165923_P1 6257 269 89 globlastp 3273 RIN44 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG130400 6244 269 89 globlastp 3274 RIN44 sunflower|12v1|DY916712 6258 269 89 globlastp 3275 RIN44 cynodon|10v1|ES295359_T1 6259 269 88.94 glotblastn 3276 RIN44 tea|10v1|GE652683 6260 269 88.94 glotblastn 3277 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.244630_P1 6261 269 88.9 globlastp 3278 RIN44 quinoa|13v2|SRR315568X173708 6262 269 88.9 globlastp 3279 RIN44 triphysaria|13v1|EY010106 6263 269 88.6 globlastp 3280 RIN44 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X123646 6264 269 88.6 globlastp 3281 RIN44 vinca|11v1|SRR098690X12837 6265 269 88.6 globlastp 3282 RIN44 amaranthus|13v1|SRR172675X355070D1_P1 6266 269 88.5 globlastp 3283 RIN44 banana|14v1|DN238925_P1 6267 269 88.5 globlastp 3284 RIN44 cichorium|14v1|CII14V1K19C484338_P1 6268 269 88.5 globlastp 3285 RIN44 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C141028_P1 6269 269 88.5 globlastp 3286 RIN44 clover|14v1|ERR351507S29XK29C449701_P1 6270 269 88.5 globlastp 3287 RIN44 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C1071320_P1 6271 269 88.5 globlastp 3288 RIN44 poplar|13v1|CV227529_P1 6272 269 88.5 globlastp 3289 RIN44 abies|11v2|SRR098676X128016_P1 6273 269 88.5 globlastp 3290 RIN44 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|Z26553_P1 6274 269 88.5 globlastp 3291 RIN44 artemisia|10v1|EY056271_P1 6275 269 88.5 globlastp 3292 RIN44 bean|13v1|SRR001334X207446_P1 6276 269 88.5 globlastp 3293 RIN44 cotton|11v1|AI726612_P1 6277 269 88.5 globlastp 3294 RIN44 cotton|11v1|CO097896_P1 6278 269 88.5 globlastp 3295 RIN44 cotton|11v1|CO493373XX1_P1 6279 269 88.5 globlastp 3296 RIN44 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X249351_P1 6280 269 88.5 globlastp 3297 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|JK984149_P1 6281 269 88.5 globlastp 3298 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|JK989019_P1 6282 269 88.5 globlastp 3299 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|SRR547977.160198_P1 6281 269 88.5 globlastp 3300 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|SRR547984.237965_P1 6283 269 88.5 globlastp 3301 RIN44 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI726612_P1 6279 269 88.5 globlastp 3302 RIN44 nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.144749_P1 6284 269 88.5 globlastp 3303 RIN44 olea|13v1|SRR014464X48168D1_P1 6285 269 88.5 globlastp 3304 RIN44 peanut|13v1|SRR042413X12435_P1 6286 269 88.5 globlastp 3305 RIN44 pea|11v1|PEAGTPBP05_P1 6287 269 88.5 globlastp 3306 RIN44 poplar|13v1|BU875572_P1 6272 269 88.5 globlastp 3307 RIN44 soybean|13v2|GLYMA13G21850 6288 269 88.5 globlastp 3308 RIN44 tomato|13v1|BG130400 6289 269 88.5 globlastp 3309 RIN44 triphysaria|13v1|EY007784 6290 269 88.5 globlastp 3310 RIN44 eschscholzia|11v1|SRR014116.8789_P1 6291 269 88.4 globlastp 3311 RIN44 ipomoea_nil|10v1|BJ554870_P1 6292 269 88.2 globlastp 3312 RIN44 pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X151815_T1 6293 269 88.13 glotblastn 3313 RIN44 chrysanthemum|14v1|DK942011_P1 6294 269 88.1 globlastp 3314 RIN44 cichorium|14v1|CII14V1K19S008828_P1 6295 269 88.1 globlastp 3315 RIN44 cichorium|14v1|EH688741_P1 6295 269 88.1 globlastp 3316 RIN44 cichorium|14v1|EH690674_P1 6295 269 88.1 globlastp 3317 RIN44 cichorium|14v1|EH694727_P1 6296 269 88.1 globlastp 3318 RIN44 chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.276056_P1 6297 269 88.1 globlastp 3319 RIN44 cichorium|gb171|EH688741 6295 269 88.1 globlastp 3320 RIN44 cichorium|gb171|EH694727 6296 269 88.1 globlastp 3321 RIN44 cowpea|12v1|FG874691_P1 6298 269 88.1 globlastp 3322 RIN44 euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X422494_P1 6299 269 88.1 globlastp 3323 RIN44 lettuce|12v1|DW094381_P1 6300 269 88.1 globlastp 3324 RIN44 lupin|13v4|V1NGGBUXD8B02FWGHY_P1 6301 269 88.1 globlastp 3325 RIN44 maritime_pine|10v1|BX254888_P1 6302 269 88.1 globlastp 3326 RIN44 olea|13v1|SRR014463X14267D1_P1 6303 269 88.1 globlastp 3327 RIN44 pine|10v2|AW290599_P1 6302 269 88.1 globlastp 3328 RIN44 spruce|11v1|ES663470 6304 269 88.1 globlastp 3329 RIN44 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|BQ079319 6305 269 88.1 globlastp 3330 RIN44 trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X115522 6306 269 88.1 globlastp 3331 RIN44 triphysaria|13v1|EY137777 6307 269 88.1 globlastp 3332 RIN44 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X191554_T1 6308 269 88.02 glotblastn 3333 RIN44 banana|12v1|DN238925 6309 269 88 globlastp 3334 RIN44 phyla|11v2|SRR099037X140826_P1 6310 269 87.7 globlastp 3335 RIN44 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X107452D1_P1 6311 269 87.6 globlastp 3336 RIN44 pineapple|14v1|ACOM14V1K19C1934134_P1 6312 269 87.6 globlastp 3337 RIN44 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X127074XX1_P1 6313 269 87.6 globlastp 3338 RIN44 arabidopsis|13v2|AT3G15060_P1 6314 269 87.6 globlastp 3339 RIN44 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.122840_P1 6315 269 87.6 globlastp 3340 RIN44 cleome_spinosa|10v1|GR934031_P1 6316 269 87.6 globlastp 3341 RIN44 cotton|11v1|BQ404237_P1 6317 269 87.6 globlastp 3342 RIN44 cryptomeria|gb166|BP175412_P1 6318 269 87.6 globlastp 3343 RIN44 dandelion|10v1|DY826050_P1 6319 269 87.6 globlastp 3344 RIN44 distylium|11v1|SRR065077X180981_P1 6320 269 87.6 globlastp 3345 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.166836_P1 6321 269 87.6 globlastp 3346 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.127553_P1 6321 269 87.6 globlastp 3347 RIN44 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|BQ404237_P1 6317 269 87.6 globlastp 3348 RIN44 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|SRR278711.420563_P1 6322 269 87.6 globlastp 3349 RIN44 lupin|13v4|SRR520491.1111857_P1 6323 269 87.6 globlastp 3350 RIN44 phalaenopsis|11v1|CK856700_P1 6324 269 87.6 globlastp 3351 RIN44 pseudotsuga|10v1|SRR065119S0002306 6325 269 87.6 globlastp 3352 RIN44 sequoia|10v1|SRR065044S0059550 6326 269 87.6 globlastp 3353 RIN44 silene|11v1|GH293699 6327 269 87.6 globlastp 3354 RIN44 utricularia|11v1|SRR094438.113223 6328 269 87.6 globlastp 3355 RIN44 oat|14v1|SRR020741X282931D1_T1 6329 269 87.56 glotblastn 3356 RIN44 ginseng|13v1|SRR547986.103026_T1 6330 269 87.56 glotblastn 3357 RIN44 onion|12v1|SRR073446X116375D1 6331 269 87.56 glotblastn 3358 RIN44 sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.137369 6332 269 87.56 glotblastn 3359 RIN44 taxus|10v1|SRR032523S0003180 6333 269 87.39 glotblastn 3360 RIN44 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C676527_P1 6334 269 87.2 globlastp 3361 RIN44 cephalotaxus|11v1|SRR064395X129589_P1 6335 269 87.2 globlastp 3362 RIN44 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.124898_P1 6336 269 87.2 globlastp 3363 RIN44 conyza|10v1|SRR035294S0009339_P1 6337 269 87.2 globlastp 3364 RIN44 cotton|11v1|CO085845_P1 6338 269 87.2 globlastp 3365 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.25218_P1 6339 269 87.2 globlastp 3366 RIN44 monkeyflower|12v1|DV208485_P1 6340 269 87.2 globlastp 3367 RIN44 monkeyflower|12v1|SRR037228.172037_P1 6341 269 87.2 globlastp 3368 RIN44 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|TOBNTRAB_P1 6342 269 87.2 globlastp 3369 RIN44 olea|13v1|SRR014465X17726D1_P1 6343 269 87.2 globlastp 3370 RIN44 sciadopitys|10v1|SRR065035S0025411 6344 269 87.2 globlastp 3371 RIN44 soybean|13v2|GLYMA10G08020 6345 269 87.2 globlastp 3372 RIN44 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|BQ079319 6346 269 87.2 globlastp 3373 RIN44 tobacco|gb162|EB424864 6342 269 87.2 globlastp 3374 RIN44 tobacco|gb162|TOBNTRAB 6342 269 87.2 globlastp 3375 RIN44 banana|14v1|FF561534_P1 6347 269 87.1 globlastp 3376 RIN44 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X1574D1_P1 6348 269 87.1 globlastp 3377 RIN44 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X323279D1_P1 6349 269 87.1 globlastp 3378 RIN44 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063689X155852_T1 6350 269 87.1 glotblastn 3379 RIN44 nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.170381_T1 6351 269 87.1 glotblastn 3380 RIN44 amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X138096_P1 6352 269 86.8 globlastp 3381 RIN44 catharanthus|11v1|EG558757_P1 6353 269 86.8 globlastp 3382 RIN44 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB424864_P1 6354 269 86.8 globlastp 3383 RIN44 centaurea|11v1|EH748535_P1 6355 269 86.7 globlastp 3384 RIN44 centaurea|11v1|SRR346938.108282_P1 6355 269 86.7 globlastp 3385 RIN44 centaurea|11v1|SRR346940.101987_P1 6355 269 86.7 globlastp 3386 RIN44 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1000433_P1 6355 269 86.7 globlastp 3387 RIN44 podocarpus|10v1|SRR065014S0008395_P1 6356 269 86.7 globlastp 3388 RIN44 beech|11v1|SRR006293.27171_T1 6357 269 86.64 glotblastn 3389 RIN44 artemisia|10v1|EY079320_P1 6358 269 86.6 globlastp 3390 RIN44 gnetum|10v1|SRR064399S0012938_P1 6359 269 86.3 globlastp 3391 RIN44 orobanche|10v1|SRR023189S0008569_P1 6360 269 86.3 globlastp 3392 RIN44 potato|10v1|BF153993_P1 6361 269 86.3 globlastp 3393 RIN44 tomato|13v1|BG131899 6361 269 86.3 globlastp 3394 RIN44 carrot|14v1|BSS11K19C172899_P1 6362 269 86.2 globlastp 3395 RIN44 cichorium|14v1|EH673219_P1 6363 269 86.2 globlastp 3396 RIN44 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C442218_P1 6364 269 86.2 globlastp 3397 RIN44 vicia|14v1|Z29591_P1 6365 269 86.2 globlastp 3398 RIN44 banana|12v1|FF561534 6366 269 86.2 globlastp 3399 RIN44 cichorium|gb171|EH693037 6363 269 86.2 globlastp 3400 RIN44 cucumber|09v1|BGI454H0179518_P1 6367 269 86.2 globlastp 3401 RIN44 eucalyptus|11v2|JGIEG031078_P1 6368 269 86.2 globlastp 3402 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.81238_P1 6369 269 86.2 globlastp 3403 RIN44 monkeyflower|12v1|GO978979_P1 6370 269 86.2 globlastp 3404 RIN44 sunflower|12v1|CX947515 6371 269 86.2 globlastp 3405 RIN44 watermelon|11v1|SRR057380.179518 6372 269 86.2 globlastp 3406 RIN44 zostera|12v1|AM766720 6373 269 86.2 globlastp 3407 RIN44 dandelion|10v1|DR401467_T1 6374 269 86.18 glotblastn 3408 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.78800_T1 6375 269 86.18 glotblastn 3409 RIN44 carrot|14v1|JG765323_P1 6376 269 85.8 globlastp 3410 RIN44 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.376902_P1 6377 269 85.8 globlastp 3411 RIN44 b_rapa|11v1|H07383_P1 6378 269 85.8 globlastp 3412 RIN44 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012003585 6379 269 85.8 globlastp 3413 RIN44 eggplant|10v1|FS049994_P1 6380 269 85.8 globlastp 3414 RIN44 eucalyptus|11v2|JGIEG030153_P1 6381 269 85.8 globlastp 3415 RIN44 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG131899 6382 269 85.8 globlastp 3416 RIN44 b_oleracea|14v1|EV194378_T1 6383 269 85.78 glotblastn 3417 RIN44 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346946.127470_T1 6384 269 85.71 glotblastn 3418 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.295375_T1 6385 269 85.71 glotblastn 3419 RIN44 banana|14v1|ES432735_P1 6386 269 85.7 globlastp 3420 RIN44 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012026350_P1 6387 269 85.7 globlastp 3421 RIN44 carrot|14v1|BSS8K19C102243_P1 6388 269 85.7 globlastp 3422 RIN44 phalaenopsis|11v1|SRR125771.14025640_P1 6389 269 85.7 globlastp 3423 RIN44 silene|11v1|SRR096785X10278 6390 269 85.7 globlastp 3424 RIN44 b_oleracea|14v1|EVG19430_P1 6391 269 85.4 globlastp 3425 RIN44 b_rapa|11v1|ES981511_P1 6392 269 85.4 globlastp 3426 RIN44 canola|11v1|EV019430_P1 6391 269 85.4 globlastp 3427 RIN44 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012003585_P1 6393 269 85.3 globlastp 3428 RIN44 carrot|14v1|BSS11K19C104965_P1 6394 269 85.3 globlastp 3429 RIN44 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346943.100711_P1 6395 269 85.3 globlastp 3430 RIN44 artemisia|10v1|EY110208_P1 6396 269 85.3 globlastp 3431 RIN44 artemisia|10v1|SRR019254S0247451_P1 6397 269 85.3 globlastp 3432 RIN44 banana|12v1|ES432735 6398 269 85.3 globlastp 3433 RIN44 bean|13v1|EX305072_P1 6399 269 85.3 globlastp 3434 RIN44 grape|13v1|GSVIVT01020651001_P1 6400 269 85.3 globlastp 3435 RIN44 silene|11v1|SRR096785X128629 6401 269 85.3 globlastp 3436 RIN44 sunflower|12v1|DY915288 6402 269 85.3 globlastp 3437 RIN44 tragopogon|10v1|SRR020205S0042841 6403 269 85.3 globlastp 3438 RIN44 amaranthus|13v1|SRR039411X156152D1_T1 6404 269 85.25 glotblastn 3439 RIN44 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.119605_T1 6405 269 85.25 glotblastn 3440 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.111836_T1 6406 269 85.25 glotblastn 3441 RIN44 chrysanthemum|14v1|CCOR13V1K23C430131_P1 6407 269 84.9 globlastp 3442 RIN44 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X100322D1_P1 6407 269 84.9 globlastp 3443 RIN44 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR290491X335873D1_P1 6407 269 84.9 globlastp 3444 RIN44 chrysanthemum|14v1|SRR525216X18089D1_P1 6408 269 84.9 globlastp 3445 RIN44 cichorium|14v1|DT211198_P1 6409 269 84.9 globlastp 3446 RIN44 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C206925_P1 6410 269 84.9 globlastp 3447 RIN44 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346943.102476_P1 6411 269 84.9 globlastp 3448 RIN44 centaurea|11v1|EH734462_P1 6412 269 84.9 globlastp 3449 RIN44 cynara|gb167|GE603226_P1 6413 269 84.9 globlastp 3450 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.127289_P1 6414 269 84.9 globlastp 3451 RIN44 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012026350 6415 269 84.8 globlastp 3452 RIN44 curcuma|10v1|DY385358_P1 6416 269 84.8 globlastp 3453 RIN44 sugarcane|10v1|CA084788 6417 269 84.79 glotblastn 3454 RIN44 b_oleracea|14v1|EE442663_P1 6418 269 84.5 globlastp 3455 RIN44 pepper|14v1|GD056255_P1 6419 269 84.5 globlastp 3456 RIN44 b_rapa|11v1|GR452784_P1 6420 269 84.5 globlastp 3457 RIN44 cichorium|14v1|CII14V1K19C664563_P1 6421 269 84.4 globlastp 3458 RIN44 petunia|gb171|DW177184_P1 6422 269 84.4 globlastp 3459 RIN44 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X115667_P1 6423 269 84.4 globlastp 3460 RIN44 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X126737_P1 6424 269 84.4 globlastp 3461 RIN44 centaurea|11v1|EH752311_P1 6425 269 84.4 globlastp 3462 RIN44 cichorium|gb171|DT211198 6421 269 84.4 globlastp 3463 RIN44 cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1045901_P1 6425 269 84.4 globlastp 3464 RIN44 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063689X107361_P1 6426 269 84.4 globlastp 3465 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.265009_P1 6427 269 84.4 globlastp 3466 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149241.118833_P1 6428 269 84.4 globlastp 3467 RIN44 lettuce|12v1|BQ988212_P1 6429 269 84.4 globlastp 3468 RIN44 sesame|12v1|SESI12V1285236 6430 269 84.4 globlastp 3469 RIN44 sunflower|12v1|EL426528 6431 269 84.4 globlastp 3470 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.21834_T1 6432 269 84.33 glotblastn 3471 RIN44 banana|14v1|FL661351_P1 6433 269 84.3 globlastp 3472 RIN44 echinochloa|14v1|SRR522894X264423D1_P1 6434 269 84.3 globlastp 3473 RIN44 banana|12v1|FL661351 6433 269 84.3 globlastp 3474 RIN44 b_oleracea|14v1|AM385714_P1 6435 269 84 globlastp 3475 RIN44 arabidopsis|13v2|AT1G28550_P1 6436 269 84 globlastp 3476 RIN44 pepper|12v1|GD056255 6437 269 84 globlastp 3477 RIN44 radish|gb164|EX746923 6438 269 84 globlastp 3478 RIN44 dandelion|10v1|DY805517_P1 6439 269 83.9 globlastp 3479 RIN44 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063689X11756_P1 6440 269 83.9 globlastp 3480 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.301696_P1 6441 269 83.9 globlastp 3481 RIN44 sunflower|12v1|DY904808 6442 269 83.9 globlastp 3482 RIN44 valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X11149 6443 269 83.9 globlastp 3483 RIN44 euphorbia|11v1|DV126875_P1 6444 269 83.8 globlastp 3484 RIN44 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|DQ056467_P1 6445 269 83.6 globlastp 3485 RIN44 b_rapa|11v1|CD822268_P1 6446 269 83.6 globlastp 3486 RIN44 b_rapa|11v1|E6ANDIZ01EHD0P_P1 6447 269 83.6 globlastp 3487 RIN44 thellumgiella_halophilum|13v1|EHJGI11006167 6445 269 83.6 globlastp 3488 RIN44 arnica|11v1|SRR099034X146027_P1 6448 269 83.5 globlastp 3489 RIN44 flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.121675_P1 6449 269 83.5 globlastp 3490 RIN44 kiwi|gb166|FG421856_P1 6450 269 83.5 globlastp 3491 RIN44 spikemoss|gb165|DN838839 6451 269 83.5 globlastp 3492 RIN44 sunflower|12v1|CD851540 6452 269 83.5 globlastp 3493 RIN44 sunflower|12v1|SRR346950X163545 6452 269 83.5 globlastp 3494 RIN44 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012005906P1 6453 269 83.4 globlastp 3495 RIN44 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|DQ446594_P1 6454 269 83.1 globlastp 3496 RIN44 arabidopsis|13v2|AT2G33870_P1 6454 269 83.1 globlastp 3497 RIN44 canola|11v1|EE453825_P1 6455 269 83.1 globlastp 3498 RIN44 olea|13v1|SRR014463X12029D1_P1 6456 269 83.1 globlastp 3499 RIN44 pepper|14v1|GD092092_P1 6457 269 83 globlastp 3500 RIN44 cotton|11v1|SRR032367.171510_P1 6458 269 83 globlastp 3501 RIN44 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063703X1286_P1 6459 269 83 globlastp 3502 RIN44 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|GRJGIV8003391_P1 6458 269 83 globlastp 3503 RIN44 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|NB12v1CRP023728_P1 6460 269 83 globlastp 3504 RIN44 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|NB12v1CRP057290_P1 6461 269 83 globlastp 3505 RIN44 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG136292 6462 269 83 globlastp 3506 RIN44 petunia|gb171|DC241142_T1 6463 269 82.95 glotblastn 3507 RIN44 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012012212_P1 6464 269 82.9 globlastp 3508 RIN44 spurge|gb161|DV126875 6465 269 82.9 globlastp 3509 RIN44 antirrhinum|gb166|AJ789317_P1 6466 269 82.6 globlastp 3510 RIN44 marchantia|gb166|AB288008_P1 6467 269 82.6 globlastp 3511 RIN44 phyla|11v2|SRR099035X35056_P1 6468 269 82.6 globlastp 3512 RIN44 platanus|11v1|SRR096786X100315_P1 6469 269 82.6 globlastp 3513 RIN44 pteridium|11v1|SRR043594X121968 6470 269 82.6 globlastp 3514 RIN44 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|EHJGI11000740 6471 269 82.6 globlastp 3515 RIN44 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|EP13V1CRP002155 6472 269 82.6 globlastp 3516 RIN44 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|EP13V1CRP011210 6473 269 82.6 globlastp 3517 RIN44 tomato|13v1|BG136292 6474 269 82.6 globlastp 3518 RIN44 millet|10v1|EVO454PM334086_P1 6475 269 82.5 globlastp 3519 RIN44 parsley|14v1|BSS12K19C111946_P1 6476 269 82.4 globlastp 3520 RIN44 peanut|13v1|SRR042415X44092_P1 6477 269 82.3 globlastp 3521 RIN44 banana|14v1|MAGEN2012022553_P1 6478 269 82.1 globlastp 3522 RIN44 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.115765_P1 6479 269 82.1 globlastp 3523 RIN44 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.261747_P1 6480 269 82.1 globlastp 3524 RIN44 banana|12v1|MAGEN2012022553 6478 269 82.1 globlastp 3525 RIN44 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|CN747749_P1 6481 269 82.1 globlastp 3526 RIN44 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|SRR487818.114860 6482 269 82.1 globlastp 3528 RIN44 radish|gb164|EV567048 6483 269 82 globlastp 3529 RIN44 cyclamen|14v1|B14ROOTK19C163097_P1 6484 269 81.8 globlastp 3530 RIN44 cotton|11v1|CO095695_P1 6485 269 81.7 globlastp 3531 RIN44 ambrosia|11v1|SRR346949.110657_P1 6486 269 81.7 globlastp 3532 RIN44 cedrus|11v1|SRR065007X106994_P1 6487 269 81.7 globlastp 3533 RIN44 nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|NB12v1CRP022550_P1 6488 269 81.7 globlastp 3534 RIN44 podocarpus|10v1|SRR065014S0007246_P1 6489 269 81.7 globlastp 3535 RIN44 pteridium|11v1|SRR043594X11265 6490 269 81.7 globlastp 3536 RIN44 solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG626641 6491 269 81.7 globlastp 3537 RIN44 fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063639X115478_P1 6492 269 81.6 globlastp 3538 RIN44 spikemoss|gb165|DN839336 6493 269 81.53 glotblastn 3539 RIN44 abies|11v2|SRR098676X108080_P1 6494 269 81.2 globlastp 3540 RIN44 canola|11v1|EV164212_P1 6495 269 81.2 globlastp 3541 RIN44 cedrus|11v1|SRR065007X108589_P1 6494 269 81.2 globlastp 3542 RIN44 centaurea|11v1|EH762876_P1 6496 269 81.2 globlastp 3543 RIN44 centaurea|11v1|EH764927_P1 6496 269 81.2 globlastp 3544 RIN44 cephalotaxus|11v1|SRR064395X136513_P1 6497 269 81.2 globlastp 3545 RIN44 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|DW504795_P1 6498 269 81.2 globlastp 3546 RIN44 spruce|11v1|ES260868 6494 269 81.2 globlastp 3547 RIN44 tomato|13v1|BG626641 6499 269 81.2 globlastp 3548 RIN44 cucumber|09v1|AM738794_P1 6500 269 81 globlastp 3549 RIN44 cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X103886_P1 6501 269 81 globlastp 3550 RIN44 arabidopsis|13v2|AT4G18800_P1 6502 269 80.8 globlastp 3551 RIN44 arabidopsis_lyrata|13v1|T14100_P1 6503 269 80.8 globlastp 3552 RIN44 b_rapa|11v1|EX067677_P1 6504 269 80.8 globlastp 3553 RIN44 centaurea|11v1|EL931394_P1 6505 269 80.7 globlastp 3554 RIN44 maritime_pine|10v1|BX249423_P1 6506 269 80.7 globlastp 3555 RIN44 pine|10v2|AI813071_P1 6506 269 80.7 globlastp 3556 RIN44 pseudotsuga|10v1|SRR065119S0025298 6507 269 80.7 globlastp 3557 RIN44 pteridium|11v1|SRR043594X10999 6508 269 80.7 globlastp 3558 RIN44 spikemoss|gb165|FE507023 6509 269 80.7 globlastp 3559 RIN44 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C1025074_P1 6510 269 80.5 globlastp 3560 RIN44 coconut|14v1|COCOS14V1K19C349621_P1 6511 269 80.5 globlastp 3561 RIN44 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|GFXAY632360X1_P1 6512 269 80.5 globlastp 3562 RIN44 phalaenopsis|11v1|SRR125771.1005309_P1 6513 269 80.5 globlastp 3563 RIN44 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|SRR487818.106136 6514 269 80.5 globlastp 3564 RIN44 watermelon|11v1|AM738794 6515 269 80.5 globlastp 3565 RIN44 melon|10v1|AM738794_T1 6516 269 80.45 glotblastn 3566 RIN44 utricularia|11v1|SRR094438.115760 6517 269 80.45 glotblastn 3567 RIN44 amorphophallus|11v2|SRR346501.178551_P1 6518 269 80.4 globlastp 3568 RIN44 b_rapa|11v1|DY007433_P1 6519 269 80.4 globlastp 3569 RIN44 cleome_gynandra|10v1|SRR015532S0026089_P1 6520 269 80.4 globlastp 3570 RIN44 guizotia|10v1|GE557520_P1 6521 269 80.3 globlastp 3571 RIN44 sciadopitys|10v1|SRR065035S0012141 6522 269 80.3 globlastp 3572 RIN44 b_oleracea|14v1|EE550081_T1 6523 269 80.28 glotblastn 3573 RIN44 b_oleracea|14v1|EX067677_T1 6524 269 80.28 glotblastn 3574 RIN44 distylium|11v1|SRR065077X144105_T1 6525 269 80.28 glotblastn 3575 RIN44 clover|14v1|ERR351507S19XK19C250651_P1 6526 269 80.2 globlastp 3576 RIN44 canola|11v1|ES981511_P1 6527 269 80.2 globlastp 3577 RIN44 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|SRR487818.380245 6528 269 80.18 glotblastn 3578 RIN44 cotton|11v1|DT563255XX1_P1 6529 269 80.1 globlastp 3579 RIN44 aristolochia|10v1|SRR039082S0177578_P1 6530 269 80.1 globlastp 3580 RIN44 cacao|13v1|CU503250_P1 6531 269 80.1 globlastp 3581 RIN44 sunflower|12v1|EE649050 6532 269 80 globlastp 3582 LGB11 pineapple|14v1|DT339529_P1 6533 270 84.1 globlastp 3583 LGB11 phalaenopsis|11v1|CK856635_P1 6534 270 80.8 globlastp 3584 LGB11 onion|14v1|SRR073446X304654D1_P1 6535 270 80.6 globlastp 3585 LGD7 cleome_spinosa|10v1|SRR015531S0037929_T1 6536 272 82.25 glotblastn 3586 LGA6 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|AI728967_P1 275 275 100 globlastp 3587 LGA6 papaya|gb165|GFXEF645801X1_T1 6537 275 82.86 glotblastn 3588 LGA9 cotton|11v1|SRR032367.533610_T1 — 276 97.9 glotblastn 3589 LGA9 olea|13v1|SRR014464X40062D1_P1 6538 276 86.1 globlastp 3590 LGA9 petunia|gb171|CV293159_P1 6539 276 85.3 globlastp 3591 LGA9 cacao|13v1|CU505498_P1 6540 276 84.9 globlastp 3592 LGA9 jatropha|09v1|GH295610_P1 6541 276 84.9 globlastp 3593 LGA9 coffea|10v1|DV700377_P1 6542 276 84.8 globlastp 3594 LGA9 cassava|09v1|CK643438_P1 6543 276 84.2 globlastp 3595 LGA9 euphorbia|11v1|DV120163_P1 6544 276 82.9 globlastp 3596 LGA9 spurge|gb161|DV120163 6545 276 82.8 globlastp 3597 LGA9 utricularia|11v1|SRR094438.103956 6546 276 82.8 globlastp 3598 LGA9 castorbean|14v2|T14863_P1 6547 276 82.2 globlastp 3599 LGA9 castorbean|12v1|T14863 6547 276 82.2 globlastp 3600 LGA9 clementine|11v1|CB291348_P1 6548 276 82.2 globlastp 3601 LGA9 hevea|10v1|EC600080_P1 6549 276 82.2 globlastp 3602 LGA9 orange|11v1|CB291348_P1 6548 276 82.2 globlastp 3603 LGA9 thellungiella_parvulum|13v1|BY801935 6550 276 81.82 glotblastn 3604 LGA9 phyla|11v2|SRR099035X107274_P1 6551 276 81.8 globlastp 3605 LGA9 liriodendron|gb166|DT580185_P1 6552 276 81.8 globlastp 3606 LGA9 thellungiella_halophilum|13v1|BY801935 6553 276 81.5 globlastp 3607 LGA9 pepper|14v1|CA525422_P1 6554 276 81.4 globlastp 3608 LGA9 pepper|12v1|CA525422 6554 276 81.4 globlastp 3609 LGA9 chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0044763 6555 276 81.12 glotblastn 3610 LGA9 cleome_spinosa|10v1|GR934782_T1 6556 276 81.12 glotblastn 3611 LGA9 cotton|11v1|DW499045_T1 6557 276 81.12 glotblastn 3612 LGA9 gossypium_raimondii|13v1|DW499045_T1 6558 276 81.12 glotblastn 3613 LGA9 beech|11v1|SRR006293.11390_T1 6559 276 80.42 glotblastn 3614 LGA9 eucalyptus|11v2|CD669782_T1 6560 276 80.42 glotblastn 3615 LGA9 radish|gb164|EV537754 6561 276 80.1 globlastp 3616 LGA9 radish|gb164|EW735530 6561 276 80.1 globlastp 3617 LGA9 radish|gb164|EX755332 6561 276 80.1 globlastp 3618 LGA9 soybean|13v2|GLYMA03G31960 6562 276 80.1 globlastp 3619 LGA17 maize|13v2|AI619115_P1 6563 277 98 globlastp 3620 LGA17 maize|13v2|AI600525_P1 6564 277 97.7 globlastp 3621 LGA17 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X135549 6565 277 96.3 globlastp 3622 LGA17 foxtail_millet|14v1|JK553133_P1 6565 211 96.3 globlastp 3623 LGA17 switchgrass|12v1|FE611775 6566 211 95.7 globlastp 3624 LGA17 switchgrass|12v1|FL914630 6567 211 88.44 glotblastn 3625 LGD1 wheat|12v3|BE405478 6568 281 98.3 globlastp 3626 LGD1 rye|12v1|DRR001012.147774 6569 281 97.7 globlastp 3627 LGD1 barley|12v1|BF631209_P1 6570 281 97.3 globlastp 3628 LGD7 b_rapa|11v1|CX273158_P1 282 282 100 globlastp 3629 LGD7 canola|11v1|CN731556_P1 6571 282 98 globlastp 3630 LGD7 b_oleracea|14v1|EE451543_P1 6572 282 91.2 globlastp 3631 LGD7 radish|gb164|EV550854 6573 282 89.2 globlastp 3632 LGD8 cowpea|12v1|FF383509_P1 6574 283 90.9 globlastp 3633 LGD10 cowpea|12v1|FF546254_P1 6575 284 93.8 globlastp 3634 LGD10 soybean|13v2|GLYMA06G17900 6576 284 90.1 globlastp 3635 LGD10 soybean|13v2|GLYMA04G37150P1 6577 284 87 globlastp 3636 LGD10 chickpea|13v2|SRR133519.127676_P1 6578 284 81.2 globlastp 3637 LGD14 cichorium|14v1|DT213181_P1 6579 285 80.7 globlastp 3638 LGM7 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350549X114369 6580 286 86.1 globlastp 3639 LGM7 foxtail_millet|14v1|XM_004953342_P1 6580 286 86.1 globlastp 3640 LGM16 rye|12v1|DRR001012.110595 6581 287 82.6 globlastp 3641 LGM22 rice|13v2|BI807358 6582 289 90.2 globlastp 3642 LGM23 maize|13v2|CD936584_T1 6583 290 90.1 glotblastn 3643 MGP17 rye|12v1|DRR001012.155499 6584 291 91.8 globlastp 3644 MGP18 cacao|13v1|CU551482_P1 6585 292 90.6 globlastp 3645 MGP20 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI1G06700 6586 293 85.1 globlastp 3646 MGP20 brachypodium|14v1|DV474102_P1 6586 293 85.1 globlastp 3647 MGP34 maize|13v2|AI586806_P1 6587 295 91.2 globlastp 3648 MGP34 sugarcane|10v1|BU925676 6588 295 83.1 globlastp 3649 MGP42 brachypodium|13v2|BRADI2G44530 6589 297 94.5 globlastp 3650 MGP42 brachypodium|14v1|GT799139_P1 6589 297 94.5 globlastp 10 MGP22 foxtail_millet|13v2|SRR350548X140046 191 251 83.23 globlastp 70 LGB5 maize|13v2|CF629964 251 191 83.23 globlastp Table 179: Provided are the homologous polypeptides (polyp.) and polynucleotides (polyn.) of the genes for increasing abiotic stress tolerance, yield, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, biomass, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency genes of a plant which are listed in Table 178 above. Homology was calculated as % of identity over the aligned sequences (global identity over the entire sequence). The query sequences were polynucleotide and polypeptides depicted in Table 178 above, and the subject sequences are protein and polynucleotide sequences identified in the database based on greater than 80% global identity to the query nucleotide and/or polypeptide sequences. Hom. = Homology; Glob. = Global; Algor. = Algorithm. Ident. = identity. “p.n.” = polynucleotide; “p.p.” = polypeptide.

The output of the functional genomics approach described herein is a set of genes highly predicted to improve ABST, yield and/or other agronomic important traits such as growth rate, vigor, biomass, growth rate, oil content, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency of a plant by increasing their expression. Although each gene is predicted to have its own impact, modifying the mode of expression of more than one gene is expected to provide an additive or synergistic effect on the plant yield and/or other agronomic important yields performance. Altering the expression of each gene described here alone or set of genes together increases the overall yield and/or other agronomic important traits, hence expects to increase agricultural productivity.

Example 20 Gene Cloning and Generation of Binary Vectors for Plant Expression

To validate their role in improving yield, selected genes were over-expressed in plants, as follows.

Cloning Strategy

Selected genes from those presented in Examples 1-19 hereinabove were cloned into binary vectors for the generation of transgenic plants. For cloning, the full-length open reading frames (ORFs) were identified. EST clusters and in some cases mRNA sequences were analyzed to identify the entire open reading frame by comparing the results of several translation algorithms to known proteins from other plant species.

In order to clone the full-length cDNAs, reverse transcription (RT) followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR; RT-PCR) was performed on total RNA extracted from leaves, roots or other plant tissues, growing under normal/limiting or stress conditions. Total RNA extraction, production of cDNA and PCR amplification was performed using standard protocols described elsewhere (Sambrook J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular Cloning. A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York) which are well known to those skilled in the art. PCR products were purified using PCR purification kit (Qiagen).

Usually, 2 sets of primers were prepared for the amplification of each gene, via nested PCR (if required). Both sets of primers were used for amplification on a cDNA. In case no product was obtained, a nested PCR reaction was performed. Nested PCR was performed by amplification of the gene using external primers and then using the produced PCR product as a template for a second PCR reaction, where the internal set of primers were used. Alternatively, one or two of the internal primers were used for gene amplification, both in the first and the second PCR reactions (meaning only 2-3 primers are designed for a gene). To facilitate further cloning of the cDNAs, an 8-12 base pairs (bp) extension was added to the 5′ of each internal primer. The primer extension includes an endonuclease restriction site. The restriction sites were selected using two parameters: (a) the restriction site does not exist in the cDNA sequence; and (b) the restriction sites in the forward and reverse primers were designed such that the digested cDNA was inserted in the sense direction into the binary vector utilized for transformation.

PCR products were digested with the restriction endonucleases (New England BioLabs Inc) according to the sites designed in the primers. Each digested/undigested PCR product was inserted into a high copy vector pUC19 (New England BioLabs Inc], or into plasmids originating from this vector. In some cases the undigested PCR product was inserted into pCR-Blunt II-TOPO (Invitrogen) or into pJET1.2 (CloneJET PCR Cloning Kit, Thermo Scientific) or directly into the binary vector. The digested/undigested products and the linearized plasmid vector were ligated using T4 DNA ligase enzyme (Roche, Switzerland or other manufacturers). In cases where pCR-Blunt II-TOPO is used no T4 ligase is needed.

Sequencing of the inserted genes was performed, using the ABI 377 sequencer (Applied Biosystems). In some cases, after confirming the sequences of the cloned genes, the cloned cDNA was introduced into a modified pGI binary vector containing the At6669 promoter (e.g., pQFNc or pQsFN) and the NOS terminator (SEQ ID NO: 6625) via digestion with appropriate restriction endonucleases.

Several DNA sequences of the selected genes were synthesized by GeneArt (Life Technologies, Grand Island, N.Y., USA). Synthetic DNA was designed in silico. Suitable restriction enzymes sites were added to the cloned sequences at the 5′ end and at the 3′ end to enable later cloning into the desired binary vector.

Binary vectors—The pPI plasmid vector was constructed by inserting a synthetic poly-(A) signal sequence, originating from pGL3 basic plasmid vector (Promega, GenBank Accession No. U47295; nucleotides 4658-4811) into the HindIII restriction site of the binary vector pBI101.3 (Clontech, GenBank Accession No. U12640). pGI is similar to pPI, but the original gene in the backbone is GUS-Intron and not GUS.

The modified pGI vector (e.g., pQFN, pQFNc, pQYN_6669, pQNa_RP, pQFYN, pQXNc, pQ6sVN (FIG. 11 ) or pQsFN (FIG. 12 )) is a modified version of the pGI vector in which the cassette is inverted between the left and right borders so the gene and its corresponding promoter are close to the right border and the NPTII gene is close to the left border.

At6669, the new Arabidopsis thaliana promoter sequence (SEQ ID NO: 6614) was inserted in the modified pGI binary vector, upstream to the cloned genes, followed by DNA ligation and binary plasmid extraction from positive E. coli colonies, as described above. Colonies were analyzed by PCR using the primers covering the insert which were designed to span the introduced promoter and gene. Positive plasmids were identified, isolated and sequenced.

In case of Brachypodium transformation, after confirming the sequences of the cloned genes, the cloned cDNAs were introduced into pQ6sVN (FIG. 11 ) containing 35S promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6626) and the NOS terminator (SEQ ID NO: 6625) via digestion with appropriate restriction endonucleases. The genes were cloned downstream to the 35S promoter and upstream to the NOS terminator. In the pQ6sVN vector the Hygromycin resistance gene cassette and the Bar_GA resistance gene cassette replaced the NPTII resistance gene cassette. pQ6sVN contains the 35S promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6626). Bar_GA resistance gene (SEQ ID NO: 6628) is an optimized sequence of the BAR gene for expression in Brachypodium plants (ordered from GeneArt).

Additionally or alternatively, Brachypodium transformation was performed using the pEBbVNi vector. pEBbVNi (FIG. 9A) is a modified version of pJJ2LB in which the Hygromycin resistance gene was replaced with the BAR gene which confers resistance to the BASTA herbicide [BAR gene coding sequence is provided in GenBank Accession No. JQ293091.1 (SEQ ID NO: 6627); further description is provided in Akama K, et al. “Efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana using the bar gene as selectable marker”, Plant Cell Rep. 1995, 14(7):450-4; Christiansen P, et al. “A rapid and efficient transformation protocol for the grass Brachypodium distachyon”, Plant Cell Rep. 2005 March; 23(10-11):751-8. Epub 2004 Oct. 19; and Păcurar D I, et al. “A high-throughput Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for the grass model species Brachypodium distachyon L”, Transgenic Res. 2008 17(5):965-75; each of which is fully incorporated herein by reference in its entirety]. The pEBbVNi construct contains the 35S promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6626). pJJ2LB is a modified version of pCambia0305.2 (Cambia).

In case genomic DNA was cloned, the genes were amplified by direct PCR on genomic DNA extracted from leaf tissue using the DNAeasy kit (Qiagen Cat. No. 69104).

TABLE 180 Cloned genes Primers used Polynucleotide Polypeptide Gene Name High copy plasmid Organism SEQ ID NOs: SEQ ID NO: SEQ ID NO: LGA1_H4 pMA-RQ_LGA1_H4_GA barley 6715, 6778, 6761, 6788 106 187 LGA17 pUCsFN_LGA17 barley 6774, 6630, 6747, 6651 105 277 LGA2 pQFNc_LGA2 barley 6797, 6673, 6805, 6668 102 183 LGA6 pUCsFN_LGA6 cotton 6809, 6671, 6809, 6671 103 275 LGA9 pUCsFN_LGA9 104 276 LGB1 TopoB_LGB1 maize 6811, 6663, 6811, 6666 107 278 LGB10 TopoB_LGB10 maize 6807, 6667, 6800, 6665 113 279 LGB11 pMA_LGB11_GA maize 6762, 6781, 6773, 6780 114 196 LGB14 pQsFN_LGB14 115 197 LGB15 pUCsFN_LGB15 116 198 LGB16 pUCsFN_LGB16 rice 6753, 6652, 6735, 6644 117 199 LGB18_H2 TopoB_LGB18_H2 rice 6769, 6820, 6769, 6820 118 280 LGB2 pUCsFN_LGB2 108 189 LGB4 pUCsFN_LGB4 rice 6744, 6791, 6767, 6779 109 190 LGB5 pQFNc_LGB5 110 191 LGB8 pQsFN_LGB8 sorghum 6752, 6639, 6752, 6656 111 193 LGB9 pMA-RQ_LGB9_GA sorghum 6659, 6670, 6659, 6670 112 194 LGD1 TopoB_LGD1 119 281 LGD10 pQFNc_LGD10 sorghum 6750, 6637, 6731, 6640 126 284 LGD11 pUCsFN_LGD11 sorghum 6650, 6674, 6650, 6674 127 210 LGD12 pUCsFN_LGD12 tomato 6801, 6819, 6801, 6819 128 211 LGD14 pUCsFN_LGD14 wheat 6732, 6775, 6716, 6784 129 285 LGD15 pUCsFN_LGD15 SORGHUM 6724, 6787, 6724, 6787 130 213 Sorghum bicolor LGD16 pMA-RQ_LGD16_GA 131 214 LGD17 pUCsFN_LGD17 BARLEY 6794, 6675, 6808, 6676 132 215 Hordeum vulgare L. LGD18 pUCsFN_LGD18 COTTON 6771, 6645, 6757, 6646 113 216 Gossypium hirsutum LGD19 pMA-T_LGD19_GA COTTON 6812, 6664, 6812, 6669 134 217 Gossypium hirsutum LGD2 pUCsFN_LGD2 RICE Oryza sativa L. 6712, 6815, 6713, 6816 120 203 LGD20 pMK-RQ_LGD20_GA SORGHUM 6793, 6707, 6793, 6707 135 218 Sorghum bicolor LGD21 pUCsFN_LGD21 SORGHUM 6738, 6691, 6738, 6692 136 219 Sorghum bicolor LGD23 pMA-T_LGD23_GA RICE Oryza sativa L. 6706, 6814, 6706, 6814 137 220 LGD24 pUCsFN_LGD24 Maize 6729, 6703, 6768, 6698 138 221 LGD26 pUCsFN_LGD26 SORGHUM 6721, 6705, 6741, 6696 139 223 Sorghum bicolor LGD3 TopoB_LGD3 Maize 6719, 6701, 6733, 6695 121 204 LGD6 pUCsFN_LGD6 SORGHUM 6723, 6687, 6739, 6690 122 205 Sorghum bicolor LGD7 pUCsFN_LGD7 123 282 LGD8 pQFNc_LGD8 Maize 6765, 6693, 6760, 6704 124 283 LGD9 pUCsFN_LGD9 125 208 LGM10 pUCsFN_LGM10 146 230 LGM11 pUCsFN_LGM11 Oryza sativa 6802, 6821, 6802, 6821 147 231 Japonica Group LGM12 pUCsFN_LGM12 sorghum bicolor 148 232 LGM13 pQsFN_LGM13 Zea mays 6725, 6636, 6725, 6636 149 233 LGM14 pUCsFN_LGM14 Maize 6772, 6694, 6727, 6702 150 234 LGM15 pUCsFN_LGM15 Maize 6759, 6786, 6746, 6776 151 215 LGM16 pUCsFN_LGM16 152 287 LGM17 pUCsFN_LGM17 153 237 LGM18_H1 pMA-RQ_LGM18_H1_GA rice 6740, 6777, 6813, 6783 158 243 LGM19 pUCsFN_LGM19 Gossypium barbadense 6734, 6638, 6726, 6653 154 288 LGM2 pMA_LGM2_GA Oryza sativa 6803, 6677, 6795, 6680 140 224 Japonica Group LGM21 pMA-T_LGM21_GA 155 240 LGM22 pQFNc_LGM22 sorghum bicolor 6755, 6785, 6755, 6785 156 289 LGM23 pQsFN_LGM23 sorghum bicolor 6714, 6634, 6751, 6699 157 290 LGM4 pQsFN_LGM4 sorghum bicolor 6748, 6632, 6748, 6632 141 225 LGM5 pUCsFN_LGM5 Barley 6683, 6686, 6683, 6686 142 226 LGM7 pUCsFN_LGM7 Setaria italica 6745, 6661, 6743, 6647 143 286 LGM8 pMK-RQ_LGM8_GA Setaria italica 6770, 6697, 6770, 6700 144 228 LGM9 pMK-RQ_LGM9_GA Setaria italica 6796, 6685, 6804, 6684 145 229 MGP15 pQFNc_MGP15 Zea mays 6798, 6672, 6798, 6672 159 244 MGP16 pQFNc_MGP16 160 245 MGP17 pQFNc_MGP17 WHEAT 6742, 6818, 6742, 6818 161 291 Triticum aestivum L. MGP18 pUCsFN_MGP18 Phaseolus vulgaris 6720, 6635, 6758, 6629 162 292 MGP19_H1 pMA-RQ_MGP19_H1_GA Phaseolus vulgaris 6728, 6655, 6728, 6658 179 267 MGP20 pUCsFN_MGP20 Brassica napus 6708, 6790, 6708, 6790 163 293 MGP21 pUCsFN_MGP21 Medicago truncatula 6711, 6817, 6711, 6817 164 250 MGP22 pQsFN_MGP22 Medicago truncatula 6749, 6633, 6749, 6633 165 251 MGP23 pMA-RQ_MGP23_GA 166 252 MGP24 pMK-RQ_MGP24_GA Medicago truncatula 6766, 6660, 6766, 6660 167 253 MGP25 pUCsFN_MGP25 Glycine max 6710, 6631, 6736, 6643 168 254 MGP26 pUCsFN_MGP26 169 255 MGP27 pMK-RQ_MGP27_GA TOMATO 6709, 6689, 6722, 6688 170 256 Lycopersicum esculentum MGP28 pUCsFN_MGP28 171 294 MGP30_H3 pMK-RQ_MGP30_H3_GA Glycine max 6764, 6657, 6763, 6649 180 268 MGP33 pUCsFN_MGP33 172 259 MGP34 pQFNc_MGP34 Solanum lycopersicum 6737, 6641, 6730, 6654 173 295 MGP35 pMA-RQ_MGP35_GA Solanum lycopersicum 174 261 MGP38 pUCsFN_MGP38 Phaseolus vulgaris 175 263 MGP39 pQFNc_MGP39 Arabidopsis thaliana 6799, 6678, 6810, 6679 176 264 MGP40 pUCsFN_MGP40 Brasicca Juncea 6754, 6822, 6754, 6822 177 296 MGP42 pQFNc_MGP42 Phaseolus vulgaris 6682, 6648, 6681, 6642 178 297 RIN44 pQFNc_RIN44 Phaseolus vulgaris 6717, 6789, 6717, 6789 181 269 Table 180. Cloned genes. Provided are the gene names, cluster names, organisms from which they were derived, and polynucleotide and polypeptide sequence identifiers of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention. “GA”-Gene Art (synthetically prepared gene sequence).

Example 21 Transforming Agrobacterium tumefaciens Cells with Binary Vectors Harboring Putative Genes

The above described binary vectors were used to transform Agrobacterium cells. Two additional binary constructs, having only the At6669 or the 35S promoter, or no additional promoter are used as negative controls.

The binary vectors were introduced to Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV301 or LB4404 (for Arabidopsis) or AGL1 (for Brachypodium) competent cells (about 10⁹ cells/mL) by electroporation. The electroporation was performed using a MicroPulser electroporator (Biorad), 0.2 cm cuvettes (Biorad) and EC-2 electroporation program (Biorad). The treated cells were cultured in LB liquid medium at 28° C. for 3 hours, then plated over LB agar supplemented with gentamycin (for Arabidopsis; 50 mg/L; for Agrobacterium strains GV301) or streptomycin (for Arabidopsis; 300 mg/L; for Agrobacterium strain LB4404); or with Carbenicillin (for Brachypodium; 50 mg/L) and kanamycin (for Arabidopsis and Brachypodium; 50 mg/L) at 28° C. for 48 hours. Agrobacterium colonies, which were developed on the selective media, were further analyzed by PCR using the primers designed to span the inserted sequence in the pPI plasmid. The resulting PCR products were isolated and sequenced to verify that the correct polynucleotide sequences of the invention are properly introduced to the Agrobacterium cells.

Example 22 Transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana Plants with the Polynucleotides of the Invention

Plant transformation—The Arabidopsis thaliana var Columbia (T₀ plants) were transformed according to the Floral Dip procedure [Clough S J, Bent A F. (1998) Floral dip: a simplified method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 16(6): 735-43; and Desfeux C, Clough S J, Bent A F. (2000) Female reproductive tissues were the primary targets of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation by the Arabidopsis floral-dip method. Plant Physiol. 123(3): 895-904] with minor modifications. Briefly, Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia (Col0) T₀ plants were sown in 250 ml pots filled with wet peat-based growth mix. The pots were covered with aluminum foil and a plastic dome, kept at 4° C. for 3-4 days, then uncovered and incubated in a growth chamber at 18-24° C. under 16/8 hours light/dark cycles. The T₀ plants were ready for transformation six days before anthesis.

Single colonies of Agrobacterium carrying the binary vectors harboring the yield genes were cultured in LB medium supplemented with kanamycin (50 mg/L) and gentamycin (50 mg/L). The cultures were incubated at 28° C. for 48 hours under vigorous shaking and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 5 minutes. The pellets comprising Agrobacterium cells were resuspended in a transformation medium which contained half-strength (2.15 g/L) Murashige-Skoog (Duchefa); 0.044 μM benzylamino purine (Sigma); 112 μg/L B5 Gambourg vitamins (Sigma); 5% sucrose; and 0.2 ml/L Silwet L-77 (OSI Specialists, CT) in double-distilled water, at pH of 5.7.

Transformation of T₀ plants was performed by inverting each plant into an Agrobacterium suspension such that the above ground plant tissue was submerged for 3-5 seconds. Each inoculated T₀ plant was immediately placed in a plastic tray, then covered with clear plastic dome to maintain humidity and was kept in the dark at room temperature for 18 hours to facilitate infection and transformation. Transformed (transgenic) plants were then uncovered and transferred to a greenhouse for recovery and maturation. The transgenic T₀ plants were grown in the greenhouse for 3-5 weeks until siliques were brown and dry, then seeds were harvested from plants and kept at room temperature until sowing.

For generating T₁ and T₂ transgenic plants harboring the genes, seeds collected from transgenic T₀ plants were surface-sterilized by soaking in 70% ethanol for 1 minute, followed by soaking in 5% sodium hypochlorite and 0.05% triton for 5 minutes. The surface-sterilized seeds were thoroughly washed in sterile distilled water then placed on culture plates containing half-strength Murashige-Skoog (Duchefa); 2% sucrose; 0.8% plant agar; 50 mM kanamycin; and 200 mM carbenicylin (Duchefa). The culture plates were incubated at 4° C. for 48 hours then transferred to a growth room at 25° C. for an additional week of incubation. Vital T₁ Arabidopsis plants were transferred to a fresh culture plates for another week of incubation. Following incubation the T₁ plants were removed from culture plates and planted in growth mix contained in 250 ml pots. The transgenic plants were allowed to grow in a greenhouse to maturity. Seeds harvested from T₁ plants were cultured and grown to maturity as T₂ plants under the same conditions as used for culturing and growing the T₁ plants.

Example 23 Transformation of Brachypodium distachyon Plants with the Polynucleotides of the Invention

Similar to the Arabidopsis model plant, Brachypodium distachyon has several features that recommend it as a model plant for functional genomic studies, especially in the grasses. Traits that make it an ideal model include its small genome (˜160 Mbp for a diploid genome and 355 Mbp for a polyploidy genome), small physical stature, a short lifecycle, and few growth requirements. Brachypodium is related to the major cereal grain species but is understood to be more closely related to the Triticeae (wheat, barley) than to the other cereals. Brachypodium, with its polyploidy accessions, can serve as an ideal model for these grains (whose genomics size and complexity is a major barrier to biotechnological improvement).

Brachypodium distachyon embryogenic calli are transformed using the procedure described by Vogel and Hill (2008) [High-efficiency Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Brachypodium distachyon inbred line Bd21-3. Plant Cell Rep 27:471-478], Vain et al (2008) [Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the temperate grass Brachypodium distachyon (genotypeBd21) for T-DNA insertional mutagenesis. Plant Biotechnology J 6: 236-245], and Vogel J, et al. (2006) [Agrobacterium mediated transformation and inbred line development in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. Plant Cell Tiss Org. Cult. 85:199-211], each of which is fully incorporated herein by reference, with some minor modifications, which are briefly summarized hereinbelow.

Callus initiation—Immature spikes (about 2 months after seeding) are harvested at the very beginning of seeds filling. Spikes are then husked and surface sterilized with 3% NaClO containing 0.1% Tween 20, shaken on a gyratory shaker at low speed for 20 minutes. Following three rinses with sterile distilled water, embryos are excised under a dissecting microscope in a laminar flow hood using fine forceps.

Excised embryos (size ˜0.3 mm, bell shaped) are placed on callus induction medium (CIM) [LS salts (Linsmaier, E. M. & Skoog, F. 1965. Physiol. Plantarum 18, 100) and vitamins plus 3% sucrose, 6 mg/L CuSO₄, 2.5 mg/l 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, pH 5.8 and 0.25% phytagel (Sigma)] scutellar side down, 100 embryos on a plate, and incubated at 28° C. in the dark. One week later, the embryonic calli is cleaned from emerging roots, shoots and somatic calli, and is subcultured onto fresh CIM medium. During culture, yellowish embryogenic callus (EC) appeared and are further selected (e.g., picked and transferred) for further incubation in the same conditions for additional 2 weeks. Twenty-five pieces of sub-cultured calli are then separately placed on 90×15 mm petri plates, and incubated as before for three additional weeks.

Transformation—As described in Vogel and Hill (2008, Supra), Agrobacterium is scraped off 2-day-old MGL plates (plates with the MGL medium which contains: Tryptone 5 g/l, Yeast Extract 2.5 g/l, NaCl 5 g/l, D-Mannitol 5 g/l, MgSO₄*7H₂O 0.204 g/l, K₂HPO₄ 0.25 g/l, Glutamic Acid 1.2 g/l, Plant Agar 7.5 g/l) and resuspended in liquid MS medium supplemented with 200 μM acetosyringone to an optic density (OD) at 600 nm (OD₆₀₀) of 0.6. Once the desired OD is attained, 1 ml of 10% Synperonic PE/F68 (Sigma) per 100 ml of inoculation medium is added.

To begin inoculation, 300 callus pieces are placed in approximately 12 plates (25 callus pieces in each plate) and covered with the Agrobacterium suspension (8-8.5 ml). The callus is incubated in the Agrobacterium suspension for 15 minutes with occasional gentle rocking. After incubation, the Agrobacterium suspension is aspirated off and the calli are then transferred into co-cultivation plates, prepared by placing a sterile 7-cm diameter filter paper in an empty 90×15 mm petri plate. The calli pieces are then gently distributed on the filter paper. One co-cultivation plate is used for two starting callus plates (50 initial calli pieces). The co-cultivation plates are then sealed with parafilm and incubated at 22° C. in the dark for 3 days.

The callus pieces are then individually transferred onto CIM medium as described above, which is further supplemented with 200 mg/l Ticarcillin (to kill the Agrobacterium) and Bialaphos (5 mg/L) (for selection of the transformed resistant embryogenic calli sections), and incubated at 28° C. in the dark for 14 days.

The calli pieces are then transferred to shoot induction media (SIM; LS salts and vitamins plus 3% Maltose monohydrate) supplemented with 200 mg/l Ticarcillin, Bialaphos (5 mg/L), Indol-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.25 mg/L), and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) (1 mg/L), and are sub-cultured in light to the same media after 10 days (total of 20 days). At each sub-culture all the pieces from a single callus are kept together to maintain their independence and are incubated under the following conditions: lighting to a level of 60 lE m−2 s−1, a 16-h light, 8-h dark photoperiod and a constant 24° C. temperature. Plantlets emerge from the transformed calli.

When plantlets are large enough to handle without damage, they are transferred to plates containing the above mentioned shoot induction media (SIM) without Bialaphos. Each plantlet is considered as a different event. The plantlets grow axillary tillers and eventually become bushy. Each bush from the same plant (event ID) is then divided to tissue culture boxes (“Humus”) containing “rooting medium” [MS basal salts, 3% sucrose, 3 g/L phytagel, 2 mg/l α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and 1 mg/L IAA and Ticarcillin 200 mg/L, PH 5.8). All plants in a “Humus box” are different plants of the same transformation event.

When plantlets establish roots they are transplanted to soil and transferred to a greenhouse. To verify the transgenic status of plants containing the other constructs, T0 plants are subjected to PCR as previously described by Vogel et al. 2006 [Agrobacterium mediated transformation and inbred line development in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. Plant Cell Tiss Org. Cult. 85:199-211].

Example 24 Evaluation of Transgenic Arabidopsis ABST, Yield and Plant Growth Rate Under Abiotic Stress as well as Under Standard Growth Conditions in Greenhouse Assay (GH-SM Assays)

Assay 1: Seed yield, plant biomass and plant growth rate in greenhouse conditions (seed maturation assay).

Under Normal conditions—This assay follows seed yield production, the biomass formation and the rosette area growth of plants grown in the greenhouse at non-limiting nitrogen growth conditions. Transgenic Arabidopsis seeds were sown in agar media supplemented with ½ MS medium and a selection agent (Kanamycin). The T₂ transgenic seedlings were then transplanted to 1.7 trays filled with peat and perlite in a 1:2 ratio. The plant were grown under normal growth conditions which included irrigation of the trays with a solution containing 6 mM inorganic nitrogen in the form of KNO₃ with 1 mM KH₂PO₄, 1 mM MgSO_(4,) 1.5 mM CaCl₂ and microelements. Under normal conditions the plants grow in a controlled environment in a closed transgenic greenhouse, temperature about 18-22° C., humidity around 70%. Irrigation was done by flooding with a water solution containing 6 mM N (nitrogen) (as described hereinabove), and flooding was repeated whenever water loss reached 50%. All plants were grown in the greenhouse until mature seeds. Seeds were harvested, extracted and weighted. The remaining plant biomass (the above ground tissue) was also harvested, and weighted immediately or following drying in oven at 50° C. for 24 hours.

Under drought conditions and standard growth conditions—This assay follows seed yield production, the biomass formation and the rosette area growth of plants grown in the greenhouse under drought conditions and under standard growth conditions. Transgenic Arabidopsis seeds were sown in phytogel media supplemented with ½ MS medium and a selection agent (Kanamycin). The T₂ transgenic seedlings were then transplanted to 1.7 trays filled with peat and perlite in a 1:2 ratio and tuff at the bottom of the tray and a net below the trays (in order to facilitate water drainage). Half of the plants were irrigated with tap water (standard growth conditions) when tray weight reached 50% of its field capacity. The other half of the plants were irrigated with tap water when tray weight reached 20% of its field capacity in order to induce drought stress. All plants were grown in the greenhouse until seeds maturation. Seeds were harvested, extracted and weighted. The remaining plant biomass (the above ground tissue) was also harvested, and weighted immediately or following drying in oven at 50° C. for 24 hours.

Each construct was validated at its T₂ generation (under the control of the At6669 promoter, SEQ ID NO: 6614). Transgenic plants transformed with a construct conformed by an empty vector carrying the At6669 (SEQ ID NO: 6614) promoter and the selectable marker were used as control.

The plants were analyzed for their overall size, growth rate, flowering, seed yield, 1,000-seed weight, dry matter and harvest index (HI—seed yield/dry matter). Transgenic plants performance was compared to control plants grown in parallel under the same conditions. Mock-transgenic plants with no gene at all, under the same promoter were used as control.

The experiment was planned in nested randomized plot distribution. For each gene of the invention three to five independent transformation events were analyzed from each construct.

Digital imaging—A laboratory image acquisition system, which consists of a digital reflex camera (Canon EOS 300D) attached with a 55 mm focal length lens (Canon EF-S series), mounted on a reproduction device (Kaiser RS), which includes 4 light units (4×150 Watts light bulb) was used for capturing images of plant samples.

The image capturing process was repeated every 2 days starting from day 1 after transplanting till day 15. Same camera, placed in a custom made iron mount, was used for capturing images of larger plants sawn in white tubs in an environmental controlled greenhouse. The tubs were square shape include 1.7 liter trays. During the capture process, the tubs were placed beneath the iron mount, while avoiding direct sun light and casting of shadows.

An image analysis system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.39 [Java based image processing program which is developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Leaf analysis—Using the digital analysis leaves data was calculated, including leaf number, rosette area, rosette diameter, leaf blade area, Petiole Relative Area and leaf petiole length.

Vegetative growth rate: the relative growth rate (RGR) of leaf number [formula VIII (described above)], rosette area (Formula IX, above), plot coverage (Formula XI, above) and harvest index (Formula XV) was calculated with the indicated formulas.

Seeds average weight—At the end of the experiment all seeds were collected. The seeds were scattered on a glass tray and a picture was taken. Using the digital analysis, the number of seeds in each sample was calculated.

Dry weight and seed yield—On about day 80 from sowing, the plants were harvested and left to dry at 30° C. in a drying chamber. The biomass and seed weight of each plot were measured and divided by the number of plants in each plot. Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 30° C. in a drying chamber; Seed yield per plant=total seed weight per plant (gr.). 1000 seed weight (the weight of 1000 seeds) (gr.).

The measured parameter “flowering” refers to number of days in which 50% of the plants are flowering (50% or above).

The measured parameter “Inflorescence Emergence” refers to number of days in which 50% of the plants are bolting (50% or above).

The measured parameter “plot coverage” refers to Rosette Area*plant number.

It should be noted that a negative increment (in percentages) when found in flowering or inflorescence emergence indicates drought avoidance of the plant.

Statistical analyses—To identify genes conferring significantly improved tolerance to abiotic stresses, the results obtained from the transgenic plants were compared to those obtained from control plants. To identify outperforming genes and constructs, results from the independent transformation events tested were analyzed separately. Data was analyzed using Student's t-test and results are considered significant if the p value was less than 0.1. The JMP statistics software package was used (Version 5.2.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C., USA).

Experimental Results

Tables 181-185 summarize the observed phenotypes of transgenic plants exogenously expressing the gene constructs using the seed maturation (GH-SM) assays under normal conditions. The genes listed in these Tables show increased biomass (e.g., increased dry weight, rosette area, rosette diameter), photosynthetic area (e.g., increased leaf blade area, leaf number, plot coverage), increased yield (e.g., increased harvest index, seed yield, 1000 seed weight) and increased growth rate (e.g., increased growth rate of leaf number, plot coverage, rosette diameter) as well as negative increments in “flowering” and “inflorescence emergence” (indicating drought avoidance) under non-stress conditions (e.g., normal or standard growth conditions). The evaluation of each gene was performed by testing the performance of different number of events. Event with p-value<0.1 was considered statistically significant.

TABLE 181 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Inflorescence Dry Weight [mg] Flowering Emergence Gene % % % Name Event # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD2 91167.2 1230.0 0.02 12 43.4 0.26  −3 35.4 0.05 −4 LGD2 91169.2 1201.0 0.12 10 44.3 0.16  −1 — — — CONT. — 1096.6 — — 44.6 — — 36.8 — — LGM7 91255.4 1110.4 0.26  4 — — — 18.5 0.26 −7 LGM7 91258.1 — — — — — — 19.0 0.14 −4 LGM7 91258.2 — — — — — — 19.3 0.23 −3 LGM7 91258.4 1121.2 0.28  5 — — — — — — CONT. — 1070.8 — — — — — 19.9 — — LGD1 92045.4 — — — 18.0 0.23  −1 — — — LGD1 92048.4 — — — 18.0 0.23  −1 — — — CONT. — — — — 18.0 — — — — — LGD20 93505.1 — — — 18.7 0.14  −2 13.4 0.02 −5 LGD20 93507.2 — — — — — — 13.9 0.23 −2 CONT. — — — — 19.1 — — 14.1 — — LGM15 92364.4 1240.0 0.15  6 — — — — — — LGM15 92367.1 1265.0 0.09  8 — — — — — — CONT. — 1167.5 — — — — — — — — LGM5 90808.3 1458.3 0.03 16 — — — — — — LGM5 90811.1 1511.1 0.10 20 16.7 0.13  −7 11.6 0.25 −7 CONT. — 1262.5 — — 18.0 — — 12.5 — — LGM5 90811.1 1250.8 0.30  9 45.6 0.15  −1 37.0 0.02 −4 CONT. — 1146.7 — — 46.2 — — 38.5 — — LGM11 92054.1 — — — — — — 17.9 0.27 −1 LGM11 92055.1 — — — 23.3 0.08  −5 — — — LGM11 92055.4 — — — 23.5 0.04  −5 17.8 0.14 −1 CONT. — — — — 24.6 — — 18.1 — — LGD26 94245.3 — — — 17.3 0.05  −8 12.2 0.16 −3 LGD26 94245.4 — — — 17.4 0.06  −8 12.0 0.12 −4 LGD26 94245.5 — — — 17.5 0.08  −7 — — — CONT. — — — — 18.8 — — 12.5 — — LGD2 91166.1 1211.4 0.13 11 — — — — — — LGD2 91167.2 — — — 41.2 L  −8 34.5 0.08 −5 CONT. — 1086.7 — — 44.6 — — 36.5 — — LGM15 92367.1 1113.8 0.29 14 — — — — — — LGM15 92368.1 1117.1 0.28 15 — — — — — — CONT. —  973.1 — — — — — — — — LGM7 91257.4 1312.5 0.17  5 — — — — — — LGM7 91258.2 1316.2 0.08  5 — — — — — — CONT. — 1249.6 — — — — — — — — LGD1 92045.3 — — — 21.4 0.15  −5 — — — LGD1 92045.4 1209.2 0.25  4 — — — — — — LGD1 92045.5 — — — 21.4 0.13  −5 — — — LGD1 92048.3 1227.1 0.11  6 20.4 0.03 −10 14.5 0.08 −5 LGD1 92048.4 — — — 21.5 0.19  −5 — — — CONT. — 1158.1 — — 22.6 — — 15.4 — — LGM17 92375.1 — — — 25.1 0.23  −1 — — — LGM17 92378.5 1287.9 0.08 13 — — — — — — CONT. — 1138.5 — — 25.3 — — — — — LGM19 92379.2 — — — — — — 19.8 0.28 −1 LGM19 92383.1 — — — 26.4 0.26  −2 19.7 0.16 −2 CONT. — — — — 27.1 — — 20.1 — — LGD3 91582.3 — — — 23.7 0.05  −5 17.7 0.07 −7 LGD3 91583.4 1222.1 0.21  7 24.2 0.17  −3 17.5 0.05 −8 LGD3 91584.2 — — — 24.7 0.23  −1 — — — CONT. — 1142.5 — — 25.0 — — 19.0 — — LGD3 91582.3 — — — 18.7 0.13  −4 — — — LGD3 91583.4 — — — 18.5 0.18  −6 13.3 0.29 −2 CONT. — — — — 19.6 — — 13.6 — — LGM12 90801.1 1067.1 0.29 13 — — — — — — CONT. —  945.4 — — — — — — — — LGD20 93505.3 1352.9 L 14 — — — — — — CONT. — 1190.8 — — — — — — — — LGM17 92375.2 — — — — — — 12.8 0.11 −6 CONT. — — — — — — — 13.7 — — LGD23 93295.1 1243.3 0.13  6 — — — — — — LGD23 93295.3 — — — 18.9 0.06  −1 — — — LGD23 93298.4 1443.8 0.03 23 — — — — — — LGD23 93298.5 1261.2 0.22  8 — — — — — — CONT. — 1169.7 — — 19.1 — — — — — LGM11 92055.1 1409.6 0.07  7 — — — — — — CONT. — 1314.2 — — — — — — — — “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 182 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Leaf Blade Plot Area [cm²] Leaf Number Coverage [cm²] Gene % % % Name Event # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD2 91166.1  1.28 0.15 20 — — — — — — LGD2 91167.2  1.34 L 25 12.2  0.14  6 81.9  0.02 26 LGD2 91169.1  1.19 L 12 — — — 72.9  0.06 12 LGD2 91169.2  1.24 L 16 — — — 75.1  0.02 16 CONT. —  1.07 — — 11.5  — — 64.8  — — LGD1 92045.4  1.83 0.03 12 — — — 109.4  0.05 13 LGD1 92048.4  1.91 L 17 — — — 108.9  0.03 13 CONT. —  1.63 — — — — — 96.5  — — LGD20 93505.1  1.71 0.14 15 — — — 95.9  0.14 17 CONT. —  1.49 — — — — — 81.8  — — LGM15 92367.1  1.63 0.22  4 10.8  0.09  5 92.6  0.07 13 CONT. —  1.56 — — 10.3  — — 82.2  — — LGB11 93849.4  0.786 0.03  9  9.50 0.19  5 41.7  0.03 15 LGB11 93850.3 — — —  9.38 0.19  3 40.9  0.18 13 CONT. —  0.724 — —  9.08 — — 36.1  — — LGA17 94214.1 — — —  9.59 0.28  7 — — — CONT. — — — —  9.00 — — — — — LGM5 90808.2  1.43 0.05 14 — — — — — — LGM5 90810.1 — — — 11.1  0.18  6 — — — LGM5 90811.1  1.49 0.12 19 10.8  0.25  3 93.5  0.13 22 CONT. —  1.26 — — 10.4  — — 76.7  — — LGM5 90808.2 — — — 11.0  0.10  8 51.1  0.29  8 LGM5 90810.2  0.945 0.09 17 — — — 54.1  0.12 15 LGM5 90811.1  0.979 0.03 21 11.1  0.06  9 61.5  0.02 30 CONT. —  0.808 — — 10.2  — — 47.2  — — MGP20 94576.1 — — —  9.62 L  6 — — — MGP20 94579.4 — — —  9.46 0.02  4 — — — MGP20 94579.5  1.11 0.26  7  9.48 0.06  4 — — — CONT. —  1.04 — —  9.09 — — — — — LGD23 93295.1 — — —  9.62 0.10  4 — — — LGD23 93295.3  1.19 0.30  6 10.1  0.03  9 68.7  0.09 16 LGD23 93298.4  1.24 0.14 11  9.67 0.22  5 66.7  0.13 13 LGD23 93298.5 — — —  9.75 0.06  5 — — — LGD23 93298.6 — — —  9.88 0.08  7 — — — CONT. —  1.12 — —  9.25 — — 59.1  — — LGB1 95790.2  0.764 0.07 19 — — — 41.0  L 19 LGB1 95792.2  0.796 L 24 — — — 40.1  L 17 CONT. —  0.640 — — — — — 34.4  — — LGM11 92055.1  1.48 0.06 13 — — — 91.2  0.11 19 LGM11 92055.4  1.45 0.20 11 — — — 84.2  0.23 10 CONT. —  1.30 — — — — — 76.8  — — MGP20 94574.1  1.14 0.12 11 10.4  0.08  8 68.4  0.22 18 CONT. —  1.03 — —  9.63 — — 57.8  — — LGM12 90797.2 — — — 12.8  0.13  5 — — — LGM12 90799.1 — — — 13.3  0.09  9 — — — LGM12 90799.2 — — — 12.9  0.20  6 78.6  0.29  7 LGM12 90801.2 — — — 12.5  0.23  3 — — — CONT. — — — — 12.2  — — 73.5  — — LGA9 94220.3 — — —  9.58 0.23  3 — — — LGA9 94223.2 — — — 10.2  0.19  9 — — — CONT. — — — —  9.34 — — — — — LGD26 94245.4  1.58 0.09 13 — — — 95.8  0.08 20 CONT. —  1.40 — — — — — 79.7  — — LGD2 91169.1  1.18 0.11  7 — — — — — — CONT. —  1.10 — — — — — — — — LGM15 92367.1  1.05 0.18 13 — — — 59.6  0.19 15 CONT. —  0.928 — — — — — 51.8  — — LGM7 91255.4 — — — 11.1  0.22  7 102.8  0.02 17 LGM7 91257.3 — — — 10.9  0.27  5 — — — LGM7 91257.4 — — — 11.1  0.16  7 101.9  0.04 16 CONT. — — — — 10.4  — — 88.2  — — LGD1 92048.3  1.55 0.07  9 — — — 90.0  0.07 12 CONT. —  1.43 — — — — — 80.5  — — LGA17 94216.2  1.82 0.11  9 — — — 98.6  0.26  7 CONT. —  1.67 — — — — — 92.5  — — LGB4 96492.2  0.587 0.22  6 — — — 31.2  0.08 10 LGB4 96492.3 — — — — — — 32.4  0.25 15 CONT. —  0.553 — — — — — 28.3  — — LGM19 92379.1  0.807 0.29  7 — — — — — — LGM19 92379.2 — — —  9.23 0.28  2 — — — LGM19 92382.2 — — —  9.54 0.26  5 — — — LGM19 92382.5 — — — — — — 39.7  0.22  6 LGM19 92383.1  0.858 0.23 14  9.71 0.11  7 48.3  0.08 29 CONT. —  0.751 — —  9.09 — — 37.3  — — LGD3 91582.3  1.46 0.02 20 11.8  0.02 12 89.9  L 31 LGD3 91583.4  1.43 0.15 17 — — — 81.3  0.28 18 CONT. —  1.22 — — 10.5  — — 68.8  — — LGD3 91582.3  1.69 0.28 12 10.3  0.07  5 93.4  0.13 20 LGD3 91583.4  1.65 0.04 10 10.9  0.10 10 91.4  0.02 18 LGD3 91584.2 — — — — — — 84.1  0.29  8 CONT. —  1.50 — —  9.88 — — 77.7  — — LGM12 90801.1 — — — 12.3  0.26  4 70.9  0.25 10 CONT. — — — — 11.8  — — 64.5  — — LGD20 93505.1  1.39 0.16  9 10.5  0.17  6 79.0  0.08 13 CONT. —  1.27 — —  9.92 — — 69.8  — — MGP40 96913.4 — — — 10.2  0.03  6 — — — MGP18 96854.3  1.33 0.27  4 10.2  0.08  6 70.6  0.07  7 CONT. —  1.27 — —  9.59 — — 65.7  — — MGP40 96913.4  0.674 0.05  6 — — — — — — MGP18 96854.1  0.678 0.12  7 — — — — — — MGP18 96854.3  0.681 0.11  7  9.54 0.16  3 38.9  0.03 11 CONT. —  0.634 — —  9.23 — — 35.1  — — MGP21 94572.1 — — — 11.0  0.22  5 84.0  0.20  7 CONT. — — — — 10.5  — — 78.2  — — MGP21 94572.1  1.51 0.04 12 10.1  0.23  3 81.3  0.04 10 CONT. —  1.35 — —  9.78 — — 74.0  — — LGM17 92378.5  1.66 0.02  8 11.2  0.07  8 97.4  0.04 15 CONT. —  1.55 — — 10.4  — — 84.9  — — LGD23 93295.3  1.54 0.28 11 11.2  0.14  6 87.9  0.10 14 LGD23 93298.4 — — — — — — 86.4  0.22 12 CONT. —  1.39 — — 10.5  — — 76.8  — — LGA9 94220.3  1.51 0.21 10 — — — 81.0  0.27 11 LGA9 94223.2  1.58 0.07 15 — — — 87.7  0.08 20 CONT. —  1.37 — — — — — 73.1  — — LGB1 95790.2 — — — — — — 70.3  0.15  7 CONT. — — — — — — — 65.7  — — LGB11 93849.4  1.46 0.08 21 10.3  0.01 10 78.8  0.14 22 CONT. —  1.21 — —  9.33 — — 64.5  — — “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 183 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter RGR Of RGR Of Plot RGR Of Rosette Leaf Number Coverage Diameter Gene % % % Name Event # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Vol. Incr. LGD2 91166.1 — — — — — — 0.412 0.28 13 LGD2 91167.2 — — —  9.41 0.03 26 0.419 0.01 15 LGD2 91169.1 — — —  8.44 0.07 13 0.382 0.06  5 LGD2 91169.2 — — —  8.65 0.02 16 0.394 0.02  8 CONT. — — — —  7.47 — — 0.365 — — LGM7 91255.4 — — — — — — 0.361 0.26 10 LGM7 91258.2 — — — — — — 0.353 0.19  7 LGM7 91258.4 — — — — — — 0.363 0.10 11 CONT. — — — — — — — 0.328 — — LGD1 92045.3 — — — — — — 0.613 0.23  7 LGD1 92045.4 — — — 14.4  0.06 13 0.618 0.20  8 LGD1 92048.4 — — — 14.4  0.02 13 0.630 0.05 10 CONT. — — — — 12.8  — — 0.574 — — LGD20 93505.1 — — — 12.7  0.14 17 — — — CONT. — — — — 10.9  — — — — — LGM15 92367.1  0.862 0.15  7 13.9  0.06 14 0.578 0.05  7 CONT. —  0.804 — — 12.2  — — 0.541 — — LGB11 93849.4  0.996 0.26 17  8.16 0.07 15 — — — LGB11 93850.3 — — —  7.99 0.26 13 — — — CONT. —  0.852 — —  7.09 — — — — — LGA17 94214.1  0.605 0.26 38 — — — — — — LGA17 94216.2  0.631 0.17 44 — — — — — — CONT. —  0.438 — — — — — — — — LGM5 90808.2 — — — — — — 0.537 0.12  9 LGM5 90810.1 — — — — — — 0.520 0.26  6 LGM5 90811.1 — — — 13.7  0.14 22 0.580 0.03 18 CONT. — — — — 11.3  — — 0.492 — — LGM5 90808.2 — — —  6.01 0.25  9 0.308 0.20  7 LGM5 90810.2 — — —  6.26 0.13 14 0.312 0.18  8 LGM5 90811.1 — — —  7.13 0.02 30 0.329 0.12 14 CONT. — — — —  5.50 — — 0.288 — — MGP20 94576.1  0.723 0.26 25 — — — — — — MGP20 94579.4  0.726 0.28 25 — — — — — — CONT. —  0.580 — — — — — — — — LGD23 93295.1  0.583 0.25  8 — — — — — — LGD23 93295.3  0.644 0.20 19  9.05 0.11 16 — — — LGD23 93298.4 — — —  8.80 0.11 13 0.509 0.24  7 LGD23 93298.5  0.653 0.02 21 — — — — — — LGD23 93298.6  0.647 0.05 20 — — — — — — CONT. —  0.540 — —  7.78 — — 0.475 — — LGB1 95790.2 — — —  8.13 0.05 18 — — — LGB1 95792.2 — — —  8.03 0.05 17 0.545 0.20 10 LGB1 95792.3  1.03 0.24  8 — — — — — — CONT. —  0.956 — —  6.87 — — 0.496 — — LGM11 92055.1 — — — 11.3  0.12 19 — — — LGM11 92055.4  0.682 0.13  6 10.6  0.18 12 0.463 0.16 11 CONT. —  0.646 — —  9.46 — — 0.416 — — MGP20 94574.1  0.812 0.02 26 11.5  0.23 21 0.554 0.25  7 MGP20 94576.1  0.765 0.10 19 — — — — — — MGP20 94579.4  0.759 0.08 18 — — — — — — MGP20 94579.5  0.777 0.20 20 — — — — — — CONT. —  0.645 — —  9.50 — — 0.517 — — LGM12 90797.2  0.748 0.14 13 — — — — — — LGM12 90799.1  0.796 0.11 21 — — — — — — LGM12 90799.2 — — —  9.00 0.28  7 — — — CONT. —  0.660 — —  8.38 — — — — — LGD26 94245.4 — — — 13.8  0.10 19 — — — CONT. — — — — 11.6  — — — — — LGD2 91169.1  0.871 0.13 24 — — — — — — CONT. —  0.704 — — — — — — — — LGM15 92367.1 — — —  7.33 0.15 17 — — — CONT. — — — —  6.25 — — — — — LGB4 96492.1 — — — — — — 0.458 0.24  8 LGB4 96492.2 — — — — — — 0.456 0.26  8 LGB4 96492.3 — — — — — — 0.471 0.15 11 LGB4 96493.3 — — — — — — 0.467 0.18 10 LGB4 96493.4 — — — — — — 0.481 0.29 14 CONT. — — — — — — — 0.423 — — LGD1 92048.3 — — — 12.0  0.07 12 — — — CONT. — — — — 10.8  — — — — — LGA17 94214.1 — — — — — — 0.690 0.17  7 LGA17 94216.1 — — — — — — 0.678 0.28  5 LGA17 94216.2 — — — — — — 0.713 0.24 10 CONT. — — — — — — — 0.647 — — LGB4 96492.1  1.03 0.24 14 — — — — — — LGB4 96492.2 — — —  6.10 0.16 13 0.442 0.09  9 LGB4 96492.3 — — —  6.31 0.13 17 0.435 0.24  8 CONT. — — — —  5.41 — — 0.404 — — LGM19 92379.2  0.571 0.20 20 — — — — — — LGM19 92382.2  0.562 0.24 18 — — — — — — LGM19 92382.5  0.580 0.18 21  4.91 0.13 10 — — — LGM19 92383.1  0.558 0.26 17  5.96 0.09 33 — — — CONT. —  0.478 — —  4.47 — — — — — LGD3 91582.3 — — — — — — 0.449 L 14 CONT. — — — — — — — 0.393 — — LGD3 91582.3 — — — 13.8  0.12 21 0.581 0.05  8 LGD3 91583.4 — — — 13.5  0.02 18 0.579 0.22  8 LGD3 91584.2 — — — 12.5  0.23  9 — — — CONT. — — — — 11.4  — — 0.537 — — LGM12 90801.1 — — —  8.16 0.19 11 — — — CONT. — — — —  7.36 — — — — — LGD20 93505.1 — — — 10.4  0.09 13 0.546 0.10  8 LGD20 93505.3 — — — — — — 0.530 0.24  4 CONT. — — — —  9.23 — — 0.508 — — MGP40 96912.3  0.702 0.12 13 — — — — — — MGP40 96913.4  0.792 0.22 27 — — — — — — MGP18 96854.1  0.732 0.12 18 — — — — — — MGP18 96854.3  0.732 0.12 18 11.5  0.11  7 — — — MGP18 96856.2  0.714 0.24 15 — — — — — — CONT. —  0.622 — — 10.7  — — — — — MGP40 96913.4 — — —  6.50 0.16  6 0.423 0.05  9 MGP18 96854.3 — — —  6.73 0.04 10 — — — MGP18 96855.3 — — — — — — 0.420 0.15  9 CONT. — — — —  6.13 — — 0.386 — — MGP21 94572.1 — — — 14.1  0.16  8 0.655 0.14  8 CONT. — — — — 13.1  — — 0.608 — — MGP21 94572.1 — — — 13.1  0.07  8 0.562 0.07 10 MGP21 94573.1  0.717 0.23 28 — — — — — — CONT. —  0.562 — — 12.1  — — 0.511 — — LGM17 92378.5  0.920 0.23 14 14.6  0.04 15 0.618 0.01  7 CONT. —  0.807 — — 12.7  — — 0.577 — — LGD23 93295.3  0.760 0.10 15 11.7  0.09 15 — — — LGD23 93298.4 — — — 11.4  0.22 13 — — — LGD23 93298.6  0.743 0.22 12 — — — — — — CONT. —  0.661 — — 10.1  — — — — — LGA9 94220.3 — — — 13.8  0.24 11 — — — LGA9 94223.2 — — — 14.7  0.09 19 — — — LGA9 94223.3  0.714 0.29 20 — — — — — — CONT. —  0.595 — — 12.4  — — — — — LGB1 95790.2 — — — 11.6  0.15  7 0.541 0.14  7 CONT. — — — — 10.9  — — 0.506 — — LGM11 92055.1 — — — 18.3  0.25  9 — — — CONT. — — — — 16.8  — — — — — LGB11 93849.4 — — — 13.0  0.11 21 0.626 0.12 17 CONT. — — — — 10.8  — — 0.537 — — “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 184 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Rosette Harvest Index Rosette Area [cm²] Diameter [cm] Gene % % % Name Event # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD2 91166.1 — — —  9.16 0.03 13 5.33 0.10 11 LGD2 91167.2 — — — 10.2  0.02 26 5.50 L 15 LGD2 91169.1 — — —  9.11 0.06 12 5.16 0.02  8 LGD2 91169.2 — — —  9.39 0.02 16 5.22 0.01  9 CONT. — — — —  8.11 — — 4.79 — — LGM7 91255.4 0.333 0.03 22 — — — 4.75 0.29  7 LGM7 91257.4 0.322 0.26 18 — — — — — — LGM7 91258.1 0.305 0.17 12 — — — — — — LGM7 91258.2 0.320 0.24 18 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.272 — — — — — — — — LGD1 92045.3 — — — — — — 6.32 0.24  6 LGD1 92045.4 — — — 13.7  0.05 13 6.55 0.05 10 LGD1 92045.5 0.431 0.05 15 — — — — — — LGD1 92048.4 — — — 13.6  0.03 13 6.50 L  9 CONT. — 0.376 — — 12.1  — — 5.95 — — LGD20 93505.1 — — — 12.0  0.14 17 — — — LGD20 93507.2 0.400 0.27 28 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.314 — — 10.2  — — — — — LGM15 92367.1 — — — 11.6  0.07 13 5.72 0.07  5 LGM15 92367.2 — — — — — — 5.61 0.10  3 CONT. — — — — 10.3  — — 5.42 — — LGB11 93849.4 — — —  5.21 0.03 15 4.30 0.14  4 LGB11 93850.3 — — —  5.11 0.18 13 — — — CONT. — — — —  4.51 — — 4.13 — — 7LGM5 90808.2 — — — — — — 5.60 0.28  5 LGM5 90811.1 — — — 11.7  0.13 22 6.08 0.04 14 CONT. — — — —  9.59 — — 5.35 — — LGM5 90808.2 — — —  6.39 0.29  8 — — — LGM5 90810.2 0.177 0.21 22  6.76 0.12 15 4.41 0.14  9 LGM5 90811.1 — — —  7.68 0.02 30 4.63 0.04 14 CONT. — 0.145 — —  5.90 — — 4.06 — — MGP20 94579.5 — — —  7.33 0.16 11 — — — CONT. — — — —  6.62 — — — — — LGD23 93295.3 — — —  8.58 0.09 16 5.13 0.29  6 LGD23 93298.4 — — —  8.33 0.13 13 5.17 0.17  6 LGD23 93298.5 0.311 0.10 13 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.276 — —  7.39 — — 4.86 — — LGB1 95790.2 — — —  5.13 L 19 4.21 0.01  9 LGB1 95792.2 — — —  5.01 L 17 4.26 0.02 11 CONT. — — — —  4.30 — — 3.85 — — LGM11 92055.1 — — — 11.4  0.11 19 5.62 0.06  7 LGM11 92055.4 0.461 0.24 12 10.5  0.23 10 5.56 0.19  6 CONT. — 0.412 — —  9.60 — — 5.26 — — MGP20 94574.1 — — —  8.56 0.21 15 5.23 0.21  6 CONT. — — — —  7.41 — — 4.95 — — LGM12 90799.2 — — —  9.83 0.29  7 5.36 0.16  4 CONT. — — — —  9.18 — — 5.15 — — LGA9 94223.2 — — — — — — 5.19 0.29  2 CONT. — — — — — — — 5.08 — — LGD26 94245.2 0.417 0.24 11 — — — — — — LGD26 94245.3 0.415 0.27 10 — — — — — — LGD26 94245.4 — — — 12.0  0.08 20 5.82 0.12  8 CONT. — 0.375 — —  9.96 — — 5.40 — — LGD2 91167.1 0.216 0.16 11 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.194 — — — — — — — — LGM15 92367.1 — — —  7.45 0.19 15 — — — CONT. — — — —  6.47 — — — — — LGM7 91255.4 — — — 12.8  0.02 17 6.11 0.04  6 LGM7 91257.4 — — — 12.7  0.04 16 6.20 0.02  7 CONT. — — — — 11.0  — — 5.79 — — LGD1 92045.3 0.356 0.05 14 — — — — — — LGD1 92048.3 — — — 11.3  0.07 12 5.92 0.28  3 LGD1 92048.4 0.359 0.19 15 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.312 — — 10.1  — — 5.76 — — LGA17 94216.2 — — — 12.3  0.26  7 6.22 0.10  6 CONT. — — — — 11.6  — — 5.87 — — LGB4 96492.2 — — —  3.89 0.08 10 3.68 0.11  4 LGB4 96492.3 — — —  4.05 0.25 15 3.72 0.27  5 CONT. — — — —  3.53 — — 3.54 — — LGM19 92379.1 — — — — — — 3.84 0.28  4 LGM19 92383.1 — — —  6.03 0.11 24 4.09 0.06 11 CONT. — — — —  4.88 — — 3.70 — — LGD3 91582.3 0.450 0.26 10 11.2  L 31 5.56 L 14 LGD3 91583.4 — — — 10.2  0.28 18 5.30 0.23  9 CONT. — 0.408 — —  8.60 — — 4.88 — — LGD3 91582.3 0.343 0.05 16 11.7  0.13 20 5.83 0.07  8 LGD3 91583.4 0.333 0.09 13 11.4  0.02 18 5.82 0.10  7 LGD3 91584.2 0.349 0.06 18 10.5  0.29  8 — — — CONT. — 0.295 — —  9.71 — — 5.42 — — LGM12 90801.1 — — —  8.86 0.25 10 — — — CONT. — — — —  8.06 — — — — — LGD20 93505.1 — — —  9.87 0.08 13 5.57 0.12  6 CONT. — — — —  8.73 — — 5.26 — — MGP18 96854.3 — — —  8.82 0.07  7 5.13 0.07  5 CONT. — — — —  8.21 — — 4.86 — — MGP40 96913.4 — — — — — — 4.01 0.22  2 MGP18 96854.1 — — — — — — 4.03 0.25  3 MGP18 96854.3 — — —  4.87 0.03 11 4.15 0.04  6 MGP18 96855.3 — — — — — — 4.06 0.23  4 CONT. — — — —  4.39 — — 3.91 — — MGP21 94572.1 — — — 10.5  0.20  7 6.05 0.30  4 CONT. — — — —  9.77 — — 5.82 — — MGP21 94572.1 — — — 10.2  0.04 10 5.64 0.03  6 CONT. — — — —  9.25 — — 5.31 — — LGM17 92378.3 0.307 0.20  7 — — — — — — LGM17 92378.5 — — — 12.2  0.04 15 6.05 0.02  7 CONT. — 0.287 — — 10.6  — — 5.64 — — LGD23 93295.3 — — — 11.0  0.10 14 — — — LGD23 93298.4 — — — 10.8  0.22 12 — — — CONT. — — — —  9.60 — — — — — LGA9 94220.3 — — — 10.1  0.27 11 — — — LGA9 94223.2 — — — 11.0  0.08 20 5.62 0.16  9 CONT. — — — —  9.14 — — 5.15 — — LGB1 95790.2 — — —  8.79 0.15  7 5.08 0.17  4 CONT. — — — —  8.21 — — 4.87 — — LGB11 93849.4 — — — 10.2  0.04 27 5.78 0.03 15 CONT. — — — —  8.06 — — 5.01 — — LGM7 91255.4 0.333 0.03 22 — — — LGM7 91257.4 0.322 0.26 18 — — — LGM7 91258.1 0.305 0.17 12 — — — LGM7 91258.2 0.320 0.24 18 — — — CONT. — 0.272 — — — — — LGD1 92045.5 0.431 0.05 15 — — — CONT. — 0.376 — — — — — LGD20 93507.2 0.400 0.27 28 — — — CONT. — 0.314 — — — — — LGM5 90810.2 0.177 0.21 22 — — — CONT. — 0.145 — — — — — LGD23 93298.5 0.311 0.10 13 — — — CONT. — 0.276 — — — — — LGM11 92055.4 0.461 0.24 12 — — — CONT. — 0.412 — — — — — LGD26 94245.2 0.417 0.24 11 — — — LGD26 94245.3 0.415 0.27 10 — — — CONT. — 0.375 — — — — — LGD2 91167.1 0.216 0.16 11 — — — CONT. — 0.194 — — — — — LGD1 92045.3 0.356 0.05 14 — — — LGD1 92048.4 0.359 0.19 15 — — — CONT. — 0.312 — — — — — LGD3 91582.3 0.450 0.26 10 — — — CONT. — 0.408 — — — — — LGD3 91582.3 0.343 0.05 16 — — — LGD3 91583.4 0.333 0.09 13 — — — LGD3 91584.2 0.349 0.06 18 — — — CONT. — 0.295 — — — — — LGM17 92378.3 0.307 0.20  7 — — — CONT. — 0.287 — — — — — “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 185 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Seed Yield [mg] 1000 Seed Weight [mg] Gene % % Name Event # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD2 91167.2 — — — 24.9 0.11 13 CONT. — — — — 22.0 — — LGM7 91255.4 368.8 0.03 26 19.6 0.09  8 LGM7 91257.4 351.7 0.28 21 — — — LGM7 91258.1 329.2 0.16 13 — — — LGM7 91258.2 348.8 0.18 20 — — — LGM7 91258.4 320.5 0.25 10 19.9 0.07  9 CONT. — 291.5 — — 18.2 — — LGD1 92045.5 481.9 0.13 11 — — — LGD1 92048.4 — — — 19.5 0.18  4 CONT. — 434.1 — — 18.7 — — LGD20 93505.3 — — — 23.2 0.03 25 CONT. — — — — 18.5 — — LGM15 92367.1 — — — 20.6 0.27  8 LGM15 92367.2 — — — 19.8 0.17  4 CONT. — — — — 19.1 — — LGM5 90810.1 — — — 22.0 0.08 10 LGM5 90811.1 — — — 24.6 0.03 23 CONT. — — — — 20.0 — — LGM5 90810.2 212.0 0.07 30 — — — LGM5 90811.1 187.7 0.07 15 22.6 0.03  8 CONT. — 163.6 — — 21.0 — — LGD23 93298.4 — — — 19.4 0.08 13 LGD23 93298.5 402.3 0.22 14 19.3 0.07 12 CONT. — 352.6 — — 17.2 — — LGM11 92055.1 — — — 22.1 0.04 23 CONT. — — — — 17.9 — — LGM12 90799.2 — — — 20.7 0.11 13 CONT. — — — — 18.4 — — LGD26 94245.3 498.8 0.24  9 — — — LGD26 94245.4 — — — 21.8 0.17  9 CONT. — 458.1 — — 20.0 — — LGD2 91167.2 — — — 21.4 0.09  8 CONT. — — — — 19.8 — — LGM15 92367.2 — — — 19.2 0.25  7 LGM15 92368.1 — — — 19.8 0.21 10 CONT. — — — — 17.9 — — LGM7 91255.4 — — — 20.6 0.08  9 LGM7 91257.4 — — — 22.1 0.07 17 LGM7 91258.2 379.7 0.28  7 — — — LGM7 91258.4 — — — 19.7 0.22  5 CONT. — 354.8 — — 18.8 — — LGD1 92045.3 414.5 0.20 14 — — — LGD1 92045.4 414.4 0.20 14 — — — LGD1 92048.4 444.4 0.22 23 — — — CONT. — 362.1 — — — — — LGM17 92378.5 — — — 23.3 L 21 CONT. — — — — 19.3 — — LGM19 92383.1 — — — 24.6 0.06 37 CONT. — — — — 18.0 — — LGD3 91582.3 392.0 0.13 11 — — — LGD3 91583.4 386.5 0.18  9 — — — LGD3 91584.2 410.7 0.13 16 — — — CONT. — 353.4 — — — — — LGD20 93505.3 — — — 21.4 L 27 CONT. — — — — 16.8 — — LGM17 92377.1 — — — 22.3 0.03 14 LGM17 92378.5 — — — 27.6 0.02 42 CONT. — — — — 19.5 — — LGM19 92379.1 — — — 20.6 0.14 11 LGM19 92379.2 — — — 20.0 0.16  8 LGM19 92382.2 — — — 20.2 0.11 10 LGM19 92383.1 — — — 27.3 L 48 CONT. — — — — 18.5 — — LGD23 93295.1 464.7 0.15 13 — — — LGD23 93298.5 — — — 22.1 0.04 17 CONT. — 409.8 — — 18.9 — — LGM11 92054.1 — — — 22.0 0.22  5 LGM11 92055.1 — — — 25.9 L 23 CONT. — — — — 21.0 — — LGD2 91167.2 — — — 24.9 0.11 13 CONT. — — — — 22.0 — — LGM7 91255.4 — — — 19.6 0.09  8 LGM7 91258.4 — — — 19.9 0.07  9 CONT. — — — — 18.2 — — LGD1 92048.4 — — — 19.5 0.18  4 CONT. — — — — 18.7 — — LGD20 93505.3 — — — 23.2 0.03 25 CONT. — — — — 18.5 — — LGM15 92367.1 — — — 20.6 0.27  8 LGM15 92367.2 — — — 19.8 0.17  4 CONT. — — — — 19.1 — — LGM5 90810.1 — — — 22.0 0.08 10 LGM5 90811.1 — — — 24.6 0.03 23 CONT. — — — — 20.0 — — LGM5 90811.1 — — — 22.6 0.03  8 CONT. — — — — 21.0 — — LGD23 93298.4 — — — 19.4 0.08 13 LGD23 93298.5 — — — 19.3 0.07 12 CONT. — — — — 17.2 — — LGM11 92055.1 — — — 22.1 0.04 23 CONT. — — — — 17.9 — — LGM12 90799.2 — — — 20.7 0.11 13 CONT. — — — — 18.4 — — LGD26 94245.4 — — — 21.8 0.17  9 CONT. — — — — 20.0 — — LGD2 91167.2 — — — 21.4 0.09  8 CONT. — — — — 19.8 — — LGM15 92367.2 — — — 19.2 0.25  7 LGM15 92368.1 — — — 19.8 0.21 10 CONT. — — — — 17.9 — — LGM7 91255.4 — — — 20.6 0.08  9 LGM7 91257.4 — — — 22.1 0.07 17 LGM7 91258.4 — — — 19.7 0.22  5 CONT. — — — — 18.8 — — LGM17 92378.5 — — — 23.3 L 21 CONT. — — — — 19.3 — — LGM19 92383.1 — — — 24.6 0.06 37 CONT. — — — — 18.0 — — LGD20 93505.3 — — — 21.4 L 27 CONT. — — — — 16.8 — — LGM17 92377.1 — — — 22.3 0.03 14 LGM17 92378.5 — — — 27.6 0.02 42 CONT. — — — — 19.5 — — LGM19 92379.1 — — — 20.6 0.14 11 LGM19 92379.2 — — — 20.0 0.16  8 LGM19 92382.2 — — — 20.2 0.11 10 LGM19 92383.1 — — — 27.3 L 48 CONT. — — — — 18.5 — — LGD23 93298.5 — — — 22.1 0.04 17 CONT. — — — — 18.9 — — LGM11 92054.1 — — — 22.0 0.22  5 LGM11 92055.1 — — — 25.9 L 23 CONT. — — — — 21.0 — — “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

Tables 186-188 summarize the observed phenotypes of transgenic plants exogenously expressing the gene constructs using the seed maturation (GH-SM) assays under drought stress growth conditions. The genes listed in these Tables show increased biomass (e.g., increased rosette area, rosette diameter), and increased growth rate (e.g., increased growth rate of leaf number, plot coverage, rosette diameter) under drought stress growth conditions. The evaluation of each gene was performed by testing the performance of different number of events. Event with p-value<0.1 was considered statistically significant.

TABLE 186 Genes showing improved plant performance at Drought growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Leaf Blade Area [cm²] Leaf Number Plot coverage [cm²] Gene Event % % % Name # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGB4 96492.3  0.628 0.19  7 — — — 35.1 0.10 15 CONT. —  0.585 — — — — — 30.6 — — LGA17 94216.2  1.91 0.11 16 — — — — — — CONT. —  1.64 — — — — — — — — LGB1 95790.2  0.759 L 17 9.50 0.18 6 39.1 0.02 14 LGB1 95790.4 — — — — — — 37.3 0.15  9 LGB1 95791.1  0.682 0.16  5 9.67 0.09 7 36.7 0.13  7 LGB1 95792.2  0.739 L 14 9.42 0.22 5 38.5 0.03 12 CONT. —  0.647 — — 9.00 — — 34.3 — — LGA9 94220.3  1.29 0.22 13 — — — — — — LGA9 94223.2  1.31 0.16 15 — — — 73.7 0.09 23 CONT. —  1.14 — — — — — 60.0 — — LGA9 94220.2  1.28 L 17 — — — 68.4 0.06 19 LGA9 94220.3  1.21 0.24 10 — — — 64.2 0.20 12 LGA9 94223.2  1.23 0.27 12 — — — 66.4 0.13 16 LGA9 94223.3  1.20 0.03 10 — — — 66.3 0.01 16 CONT. —  1.10 — — — — — 57.3 — — LGB11 93849.4  0.803 0.23  6 — — — 41.7 0.29  3 CONT. —  0.758 — — — — — 40.3 — — LGB11 93849.4  1.31 0.14 10 — — — — — — CONT. —  1.19 — — — — — — — — LGB4 96492.2  0.864 0.17 11 — — — 46.0 0.11 17 LGB4 96493.4  0.869 0.15 12 9.62 0.26 5 46.4 0.10 18 CONT. —  0.777 — — 9.17 — — 39.4 — — Table 186. “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 187 Genes showing improved plant performance at Drought growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter RGR Of RGR Of RGR Of Leaf Number Plot Coverage Rosette Diameter Gene Event % % % Name # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGB4 96492.3 — — —  6.82 0.17 12 — — — CONT. — — — —  6.07 — — — — — LGA17 94216.2 — — — — — — 0.688 0.17 14 CONT. — — — — — — — 0.605 — — LGB1 95790.2 — — —  7.71 0.09 14 0.504 0.12 12 LGB1 95790.4 0.907 0.25  6  7.46 0.24 10 0.488 0.28  8 LGB1 95791.1 0.973 0.27 13  7.36 0.29  9 0.492 0.17  9 LGB1 95792.2 — — —  7.64 0.10 13 0.498 0.13 11 CONT. — 0.859 — —  6.77 — — 0.450 — — LGA9 94223.2 — — — 12.0  0.07 22 0.484 0.27  6 CONT. — — — —  9.84 — — 0.458 — — LGB1 95790.2 0.613 0.19 20 — — — — — — LGB1 95790.4 0.661 0.23 29 — — — — — — LGB1 95792.3 0.640 0.25 25 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.511 — — — — — — — — LGA9 94220.2 — — — 11.4  0.04 20 0.485 0.01  8 LGA9 94220.3 — — — 10.6  0.20 12 0.489 0.12  9 LGA9 94223.2 — — — 10.7  0.14 13 — — — LGA9 94223.3 — — — 11.0  0.06 16 0.485 0.27  8 CONT. — — — —  9.44 — — 0.447 — — LGB11 93849.4 — — — — — — 0.525 0.21  8 CONT. — — — — — — — 0.484 — — LGB4 96492.2 — — —  7.54 0.07 17 0.413 0.17  8 LGB4 96493.4 — — —  7.51 0.08 17 — — — CONT. — — — —  6.42 — — 0.382 — — Table 187. “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 188 Genes showing improved plant performance at Drought growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Rosette Rosette Harvest Index Area [cm²] Diameter [cm] Gene Event % % % Name # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGB4 96492.3 — — — 4.39 0.10 15 3.83 0.20 5 CONT. — — — — 3.82 — — 3.64 — — LGA17 94216.2 — — — — — — 6.33 0.15 9 CONT. — — — — — — — 5.84 — — LGB1 95790.2 — — — 4.89 0.02 14 4.07 0.02 8 LGB1 95790.4 — — — 4.66 0.15  9 4.00 0.17 6 LGB1 95791.1 — — — 4.59 0.13  7 3.96 0.08 5 LGB1 95792.2 — — — 4.82 0.03 12 4.09 0.02 8 CONT. — — — — 4.29 — — 3.77 — — LGA9 94220.3 — — — — — — 4.89 0.24 6 LGA9 94223.2 — — — 9.21 0.09 23 5.00 0.13 9 CONT. — — — — 7.50 — — 4.60 — — LGA9 94220.2 — — — 8.55 0.06 19 5.07 0.03 8 LGA9 94220.3 — — — 8.03 0.20 12 4.96 0.25 6 LGA9 94223.2 — — — 8.30 0.13 16 5.07 0.14 8 LGA9 94223.3 — — — 8.29 0.01 16 5.04 L 7 CONT. — — — — 7.16 — — 4.69 — — LGB11 93849.4 — — — 5.21 0.29  3 — — — CONT. — — — — 5.04 — — — — — LGB4 96492.2 — — — 5.75 0.11 17 4.13 0.05 8 LGB4 96492.3 — — — — — — 4.00 0.20 5 LGB4 96493.4 — — — 5.80 0.10 18 4.11 0.06 8 CONT. — — — — 4.92 — — 3.81 — — Table 188. “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

Example 25 Evaluation of Transgenic Arabidopsis ABST, Biomass and Plant Growth Rate Under Abiotic Stress as well as Under Standard Conditions in Greenhouse Assay (GH-SB Assays)

Assay 2: Plant performance improvement measured until bolting stage: plant biomass and plant growth rate under normal greenhouse conditions (GH-SB Assays)—This assay follows the plant biomass formation and the rosette area growth of plants grown in the greenhouse under normal growth conditions. Transgenic Arabidopsis seeds were sown in agar media supplemented with ½ MS medium and a selection agent (Kanamycin). The T₂ transgenic seedlings were then transplanted to 1.7 trays filled with peat and perlite in a 1:2 ratio and tuff at the bottom of the tray and a net below the trays (in order to facilitate water drainage). Plants were grown under normal conditions which included irrigation of the trays with a solution containing of 6 mM inorganic nitrogen in the form of KNO₃ with 1 mM KH₂PO₄, 1 mM MgSO_(4,) 1.5 mM CaCl₂ and microelements. Under normal conditions the plants grow in a controlled environment in a closed transgenic greenhouse; temperature was 18-22° C., humidity around 70%; Irrigation was done by flooding with a water solution containing 6 mM N (nitrogen) (as described hereinabove), and flooding was repeated whenever water loss reached 50%. All plants were grown in the greenhouse until bolting stage. Plant biomass (the above ground tissue) was weighted directly after harvesting the rosette (plant fresh weight [FW]). Following plants were dried in an oven at 50° C. for 48 hours and weighted (plant dry weight [DW]).

Each construct was validated at its T₂ generation (under the control of the At6669 promoter, SEQ ID NO: 6614). Transgenic plants transformed with a construct conformed by an empty vector carrying the At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 6614) and the selectable marker were used as control.

The plants are analyzed for their overall size, growth rate, fresh weight and dry matter. Transgenic plants performance was compared to control plants grown in parallel under the same conditions. Mock-transgenic plants with no gene at all, under the same promoter were used as control.

The experiment is planned in nested randomized plot distribution. For each gene of the invention three to five independent transformation events were analyzed from each construct.

Digital imaging—A laboratory image acquisition system, which consists of a digital reflex camera (Canon EOS 300D) attached with a 55 mm focal length lens (Canon EF-S series), mounted on a reproduction device (Kaiser RS), which included 4 light units (4×150 Watts light bulb) was used for capturing images of plant samples.

The image capturing process is repeated every 2 days starting from day 1 after transplanting till day 16. Same camera, placed in a custom made iron mount, was used for capturing images of larger plants sawn in white tubs in an environmental controlled greenhouse. The tubs were square shape include 1.7 liter trays. During the capture process, the tubs were placed beneath the iron mount, while avoiding direct sun light and casting of shadows.

An image analysis system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.39 (Java based image processing program which was developed at the U.S National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/). Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Leaf analysis—Using the digital analysis leaves data is calculated, including leaf number, rosette area, rosette diameter, leaf blade area, Petiole Relative Area and leaf petiole length.

Vegetative growth rate: the relative growth rate (RGR) of leaf blade area (Formula XII), leaf number (Formula VIII), rosette area (Formula IX), rosette diameter (Formula X), plot coverage (Formula XI) and Petiole Relative Area (LIX) as described above.

Plant Fresh and Dry weight—On about day 80 from sowing, the plants were harvested and directly weight for the determination of the plant fresh weight (FW) and left to dry at 50° C. in a drying chamber for about 48 hours before weighting to determine plant dry weight (DW).

Statistical analyses—To identify genes conferring significantly improved tolerance to abiotic stresses, the results obtained from the transgenic plants are compared to those obtained from control plants. To identify outperforming genes and constructs, results from the independent transformation events tested are analyzed separately. Data was analyzed using Student's t-test and results were considered significant if the p value is less than 0.1. The JMP statistics software package is used (Version 5.2.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C., USA).

Experimental Results

Tables 189-191 summarize the observed phenotypes of transgenic plants exogenously expressing the gene constructs using the greenhouse bolting stage (GH-SB) assays under non-stress (normal, standard) growth conditions. The genes listed in these Tables show increased biomass (e.g., increased dry weight, fresh weight, rosette area and diameter), photosynthetic area (e.g., increased leaf number, plot coverage), and increased growth rate (e.g., increased growth rate of leaf number, plot coverage, rosette diameter) under non-stress growth conditions. The evaluation of each gene was performed by testing the performance of different number of events. Event with p-value<0.1 was considered statistically significant.

TABLE 189 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Dry Weight [mg] Fresh Weight [mg] Leaf Number Gene Event % % % Name # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD9 95072.1 — — — 541.7 0.18 17 — — — LGD9 95076.1 36.2  0.22  7 — — — — — — LGD9 95076.2 40.8  0.14 21 516.7 0.10 12 — — — CONT. — 33.8  — — 462.5 — — — — — LGD11 94073.2 34.2  0.17 22 — — — — — — LGD11 94075.1 32.1  0.21 15 504.2 0.19 14 — — — LGD11 94076.2 — — — — — — 10.1  0.22 6 CONT. — 27.9  — — 441.7 — —  9.54 — — LGD12 94137.2 101.7  0.17 17 — — — — — — CONT. — 86.6  — — — — — — — — LGM9 92733.2 — — — — — — 10.0  0.30 3 CONT. — — — — — — —  9.71 — — LGD12 94141.2 — — — — — — 10.4  L 6 CONT. — — — — — — —  9.78 — — LGM9 92729.4 — — — 400.0 0.22  7 — — — LGM9 92731.1 32.1  0.18 43 — — — — — — LGM9 92731.2 27.1  0.22 20 391.7 0.13  4 — — — LGM9 92733.1 31.7  0.07 41 412.5 0.10 10 — — — LGM9 92733.2 28.3  0.14 26 — — — — — — CONT. — 22.5  — — 375.0 — — — — — Table 189. “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 190 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Plot Rosette Rosette Coverage [cm²] Area [cm²] Diameter [cm] Gene Event % % % Name # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD11 94075.1 — — — — — — 5.62 0.18 3 CONT. — — — — — — — 5.46 — — LGD9 95076.2 69.7 0.05 11 8.71 0.05 11 5.20 0.19 3 CONT. — 62.8 — — 7.85 — — 5.04 — — LGD11 94075.1 70.1 0.29 14 8.76 0.29 14 — — — CONT. — 61.4 — — 7.67 — — — — — LGM9 92729.4 — — — — — — 4.43 0.09 1 LGM9 92733.1 52.0 0.25  7 6.50 0.25  7 4.51 0.09 3 CONT. — 48.8 — — 6.10 — — 4.36 — — Table 190. “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 191 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter RGR OF RGR Of Plot RGR Of Rosette Leaf Number Coverage Diameter Gene Event % % % Name # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD9 95072.1 0.668 0.20 11 8.80 0.29 11 — — — LGD9 95076.2 — — — 8.83 0.04 12 — — — CONT. — 0.600 — — 7.90 — — — — — LGD11 94076.2 0.661 0.23 11 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.597 — — — — — — — — LGD12 94141.2 0.654 0.18  7 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.610 — — — — — — — — LGM9 92733.1 — — — 6.58 0.28  7 — — — LGM9 92731.2 0.656 0.17 19 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.549 — — 6.16 — — — — — Table 191. “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

Example 26 Evaluating Transgenic Arabidopsis Under Normal and Low Nitrogen Conditions Using Seedling Analyses of T2 And T1 Plants

Seedling analysis of plants growth under low and favorable nitrogen concentration levels—Low nitrogen is an abiotic stress that impact root growth and seedling growth. Therefore, an assay that examines plant performance under low (0.75 mM Nitrogen) and favorable (15 mM Nitrogen) nitrogen concentrations was performed, as follows.

Surface sterilized seeds were sown in basal media [50% Murashige-Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 0.8% plant agar as solidifying agent] in the presence of Kanamycin (used as a selecting agent). After sowing, plates were transferred for 2-3 days for stratification at 4° C. and then grown at 25° C. under 12-hour light 12-hour dark daily cycles for 7 to 10 days. At this time point, seedlings randomly chosen were carefully transferred to plates containing ½ MS media (15 mM N) for the normal nitrogen concentration treatment and 0.75 mM nitrogen for the low nitrogen concentration treatments. For experiments performed in T2 lines, each plate contained 5 seedlings of the same transgenic event, and 3-4 different plates (replicates) for each event. For each polynucleotide of the invention at least four-five independent transformation events were analyzed from each construct. For experiments performed in T1 lines, each plate contained 5 seedlings of 5 independent transgenic events and 3-4 different plates (replicates) were planted. In total, for T1 lines, 20 independent events were evaluated. Plants expressing the polynucleotides of the invention were compared to the average measurement of the control plants (empty vector or GUS reporter gene under the same promoter) used in the same experiment.

Digital imaging—A laboratory image acquisition system, which consists of a digital reflex camera (Canon EOS 300D) attached with a 55 mm focal length lens (Canon EF-S series), mounted on a reproduction device (Kaiser RS), which included 4 light units (4×150 Watts light bulb) and located in a darkroom, was used for capturing images of plantlets sawn in agar plates.

The image capturing process was repeated every 3-4 days starting at day 1 till day 10 (see for example the images in FIGS. 3A-3F).

An image analysis system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.39 (Java based image processing program which is developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/). Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).

Seedling analysis—Using the digital analysis seedling data is calculated, including leaf area, root coverage and root length.

The relative growth rate for the various seedling parameters was calculated according to Formulas XIII (RGR leaf area), VI (RGR root length) and XXVIII (RGR root coverage) as described above.

At the end of the experiment, plantlets were removed from the media and weighed for the determination of plant fresh weight. Plantlets were then dried for 24 hours at 60° C., and weighed again to measure plant dry weight for later statistical analysis. Growth rate was determined by comparing the leaf area coverage, root coverage and root length, between each couple of sequential photographs, and results were used to resolve the effect of the gene introduced on plant vigor, under osmotic stress, as well as under optimal conditions. Similarly, the effect of the gene introduced on biomass accumulation, under osmotic stress as well as under optimal conditions was determined by comparing the plants' fresh and dry weight to that of control plants (containing an empty vector or the GUS reporter gene under the same promoter). From every construct created, 3-5 independent transformation events were examined in replicates.

Statistical analyses—To identify genes conferring significantly improved tolerance to abiotic stresses or enlarged root architecture, the results obtained from the transgenic plants were compared to those obtained from control plants. To identify outperforming genes and constructs, results from the independent transformation events tested were analyzed separately. To evaluate the effect of a gene event over a control the data was analyzed by Student's t-test and the p value was calculated. Results were considered significant if p≤0.1. The JMP statistics software package was used (Version 5.2.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C., USA).

Experimental Results

Tables 192-194 summarize the observed phenotypes of transgenic plants exogenously expressing the gene constructs using the seedling assays under non-stress (normal, standard) growth conditions. The genes listed in these Tables show increased biomass (e.g., increased dry weight, fresh weight), photosynthetic area (e.g., increased leaf area), increased root biomass (e.g., root length and root coverage) and increased growth rate (e.g., increased growth rate of leaf area, root coverage and root length) under non-stress growth conditions. The evaluation of each gene was performed by testing the performance of different number of events. Event with p-value<0.1 was considered statistically significant.

TABLE 192 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Dry Weight Fresh Weight [mg] [mg] Gene Event % % Name # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD7 95622.1 11.5  0.15  29 205.2 0.12  31 LGD7 95622.2 12.2  L  37 209.8 0.01  34 LGD7 95625.1 12.3  L  38 208.6 L  33 LGD14 96776.5 10.4  0.23  17 — — — CONT. —  8.92 — — 157.1 — — LGB8 96534.3 — — — 191.7 0.29  19 LGB1 95791.1 — — — 171.1 0.22  6 LGB1 95792.3 10.8  0.14  9 177.2 0.24  10 CONT. —  9.87 — — 160.7 — — LGB5 94192.1 — — — 130.6 0.22  8 LGB5 94192.3  9.30 0.16  27 163.5 0.12  36 LGB5 94193.1  8.53 0.08  16 — — — LGB2 94882.3 10.1  0.18  38 168.0 0.21  39 LGB2 94884.1  8.38 0.16  14 156.6 L  30 LGB16 94702.2 — — — 135.7 0.09  13 LGB16 94702.4  8.82 0.03  20 141.1 L  17 LGB16 94702.5  8.82 L  20 — — — LGB15 93971.4  8.93 0.08  22 146.2 0.15  21 LGB15 93971.6  9.38 0.13  28 153.7 0.21  28 LGB11 93849.4  9.25 0.24  26 155.0 0.18  29 LGB11 93849.5  8.82 0.02  20 156.8 L  30 CONT. —  7.34 — — 120.5 — — MGP38 96042.4  9.12 0.04  25 154.8 0.14  19 MGP38 96043.2 10.2  L  40 177.4 L  37 MGP38 96045.1 12.8  0.02  75 195.9 0.03  51 MGP38 96045.2  8.97 L  23 151.0 0.01  16 MGP35 96180.3 11.8  L  62 193.1 0.04  49 MGP35 96181.2  9.38 0.14  28 163.1 0.23  26 MGP35 96184.1  9.55 L  30 154.2 0.09  19 MGP35 96184.3  8.20 0.18  12 — — — MGP34 96354.1 13.1  0.01  79 212.5 0.07  64 MGP34 96354.3  9.80 L  34 158.0 L  22 MGP34 96356.1 — — — 136.4 0.26  5 MGP34 96356.2  9.75 0.07  33 154.2 0.18  19 MGP34 96356.3 13.1  0.02  79 208.4 0.01  61 MGP33 96056.2 12.3  L  69 199.5 L  54 MGP33 96056.3  8.97 L  23 152.9 0.11  18 MGP33 96057.3 10.6  0.08  44 185.3 0.11  43 MGP33 96057.4  8.40 0.27  15 — — — MGP28 96288.2  7.93 0.11  8 — — — MGP28 96289.2  9.75 0.05  33 168.3 0.10  30 MGP28 96289.4 10.9  0.03  49 177.2 0.07  37 MGP28 96290.3  8.30 0.19  13 147.2 0.16  13 MGP28 96290.4  7.92 0.15  8 — — — MGP23 96343.4  9.10 L  24 152.4 0.06  18 MGP23 96344.3  9.67 L  32 162.3 L  25 MGP17 96306.3 10.9  0.17  49 186.6 0.18  44 MGP17 96309.3 10.9  0.02  50 184.0 0.03  42 CONT. —  7.32 — — 129.6 — — RIN44 91124.3 — — — 140.4 0.13  8 LGM9 92729.5  8.60 0.21  27 — — — LGM9 92729.6  9.78 0.28  44 197.8 0.29  52 LGM4 93995.2  7.70 0.22  13 — — — LGM4 93995.3  7.85 0.09  16 149.1 0.05  15 LGM4 93995.4  8.97 0.06  32 173.2 0.07  33 LGM4 93996.2  9.80 0.02  44 185.3 0.03  42 LGM23 96236.3  8.57 0.05  26 157.9 0.09  21 LGM21 93794.1  8.85 0.01  30 158.3 0.06  22 LGM21 93794.3  7.92 0.25  17 150.2 0.26  15 LGM2 92804.3  7.50 0.24  11 147.4 0.29  13 LGM2 92806.1  9.03 0.23  33 174.7 0.11  34 LGM2 92808.1  9.90 0.03  46 199.6 0.04  53 LGM16 92370.1  8.75 0.12  29 159.8 0.22  23 LGM16 92372.2  8.57 0.09  26 152.7 0.09  17 LGM16 92373.1  7.60 0.03  12 155.0 0.02  19 LGM16 92373.2  8.20 0.12  21 159.1 0.10  22 LGM16 92373.5 — — — 145.6 0.23  12 LGM13 92506.2  7.40 0.03  9 144.0 0.01  11 LGM13 92507.1  7.35 0.11  8 — — — CONT. —  6.79 — — 130.2 — — LGM16 92369.1  9.92 0.05  22 153.6 0.11  19 LGM16 92373.1 — — — 159.3 0.25  24 LGM16 92373.2 — — — 141.1 0.24  10 CONT. —  8.13 — — 128.8 — — RIN44 91123.3 11.9  L  60 202.2 L  56 RIN44 91124.1  9.28 0.28  25 — — — RIN44 91124.3 11.4  0.01  54 188.8 L  45 LGM23 96234.1 11.2  L  51 192.3 L  48 LGM23 96234.4 10.7  0.03  44 174.6 0.04  34 LGM23 96234.5 11.3  0.06  53 197.8 0.06  52 LGM23 96236.2  9.40 0.07  27 158.0 0.09  22 LGM23 96236.5  8.40 0.16  13 150.5 0.09  16 LGM22 96864.2 15.2  L 105 268.1 0.02 106 LGM22 96867.1 14.1  L  91 232.8 L  79 LGM22 96869.2  9.30 L  26 165.1 L  27 LGM22 96869.3 12.3  0.02  67 221.1 0.02  70 CONT. —  7.40 — — 130.0 — — RIN44 72527.2  6.60 0.27  34 126.7 0.10  41 CONT. —  4.93 — — 89.8 — — MGP40 96913.3 15.5  0.04  85 254.4 0.05  84 MGP40 96914.1 12.5  0.02  49 191.6 0.02  38 MGP40 96914.2 10.6  0.04  26 163.9 0.20  18 MGP40 96914.3  9.32 0.30  11 — — — MGP27 96818.2  9.50 0.03  13 147.0 0.16  6 MGP27 96818.3 12.7  0.06  51 200.5 0.05  45 MGP27 96820.1 12.5  L  49 203.1 L  47 MGP27 96820.2 10.1  L  20 162.1 0.17  17 MGP27 96820.6 10.7  0.21  27 175.8 0.24  27 MGP26 96924.1 13.6  L  62 219.1 L  58 MGP26 96924.2 11.1  0.07  32 174.1 0.25  26 MGP26 96925.1 14.1  L  67 221.2 L  60 MGP26 96927.1 13.8  0.04  64 238.9 0.02  73 MGP26 96927.4  9.45 0.12  13 150.2 0.17  8 MGP25 95718.2 11.1  0.22  32 190.3 0.29  37 MGP25 95720.1 11.1  0.06  32 177.0 0.05  28 MGP25 95720.4 14.8  0.08  77 232.6 0.05  68 MGP22 97008.4 10.4  L  24 170.0 L  23 MGP22 97009.1 13.8  L  64 215.3 0.03  56 MGP22 97009.2 10.7  0.03  27 167.0 0.21  21 MGP22 97009.3 12.9  0.02  53 217.2 0.04  57 MGP22 97009.4 11.2  L  33 192.7 0.03  39 MGP18 96854.2 10.2  0.02  22 163.4 0.05  18 MGP18 96855.1 11.1  0.06  32 — — — MGP18 96856.3 14.0  0.03  66 255.9 0.02  85 MGP18 96856.4 12.7  L  52 198.4 0.08  43 CONT. —  8.39 — — 138.5 — — RIN44 91123.3 10.6  0.28  25 — — — RIN44 91123.4 11.5  L  35 209.5 0.06  37 RIN44 91124.1  9.23 0.21  9 — — — LGM9 92729.4  9.70 L  14 171.6 0.07  13 LGM9 92731.2 10.7  L  26 189.0 L  24 LGM8 92647.2 10.5  0.12  24 195.9 0.05  28 LGM8 92648.1  9.88 0.17  16 — — — LGM4 93995.1  9.80 0.15  16 173.8 0.10  14 LGM4 93995.2 10.4  0.14  23 186.6 0.11  22 LGM4 93995.3  9.83 0.29  16 181.3 0.17  19 LGM4 93996.3 12.3  L  46 213.7 L  40 LGM23 96234.1  9.75 0.03  15 173.0 0.04  13 LGM23 96234.5  9.65 0.18  14 — — — LGM23 96236.2 10.1  0.09  18 — — — LGM22 96864.1 12.0  0.10  41 209.9 0.07  38 LGM22 96864.2 — — — 182.7 0.26  20 LGM22 96864.4  9.53 0.17  12 — — — LGM22 96869.4 10.9  0.08  29 188.9 0.22  24 LGM21 93794.1  9.90 0.09  17 175.5 0.20  15 LGM21 93794.3  9.67 0.27  14 — — — LGM21 93795.2 10.0  0.15  18 — — — LGM21 93798.1 11.3  L  33 201.4 0.07  32 LGM2 92804.1 10.8  0.05  27 193.1 0.02  27 LGM2 92804.2 10.8  0.05  27 185.7 0.10  22 LGM2 92804.3 11.4  L  35 200.7 0.01  32 LGM16 92369.1 12.5  0.04  48 197.8 0.02  30 LGM16 92370.1 10.8  0.22  27 — — — LGM16 92373.5 11.5  L  36 188.4 0.06  24 LGM13 92504.1  9.27 0.24  9 — — — LGM13 92504.2 11.8  0.08  40 200.4 0.15  31 LGM13 92507.1 10.7  0.13  26 183.9 0.25  21 LGM13 92507.5 11.1  0.04  30 192.8 0.01  26 CONT. —  8.48 — — 152.5 — — LGD6 94015.2  8.60 0.14  16 139.8 0.22  16 LGD6 94016.2  8.82 0.09  19 153.0 0.04  27 LGD24 94238.3 10.8  L  46 173.2 L  44 LGD24 94238.4 10.0  L  35 161.0 L  33 LGD24 94240.2  9.28 0.15  25 159.5 0.11  32 LGD24 94240.5  8.10 0.27  9 — — — LGD21 94233.1  9.38 0.05  26 168.6 0.02  40 LGD21 94233.3 10.2  L  37 157.6 L  31 LGD21 94236.1  9.32 0.02  26 151.0 L  25 LGD19 93705.1  9.65 L  30 152.1 0.08  26 LGD19 93705.2  9.83 0.14  33 169.0 0.17  40 LGD19 93705.3 11.1  0.06  49 188.4 0.06  56 LGD18 94694.3  9.42 0.13  27 151.5 0.11  26 LGD18 94696.1 10.9  L  47 175.1 0.02  45 LGD18 94699.2  8.55 0.23  15 — — — LGD17 94009.1  8.00 0.24  8 132.5 0.14  10 LGD17 94011.1 10.2  0.07  38 170.1 0.10  41 LGD17 94012.1  8.27 0.06  12 — — — LGD17 94013.4  7.80 0.24  5 — — — LGD16 94228.1  8.62 0.26  16 — — — LGD16 94228.3 — — — 137.2 0.16  14 LGD16 94230.4 10.6  0.08  42 170.8 0.04  42 LGD16 94230.5 10.5  L  41 165.3 L  37 LGD16 94230.6  8.72 0.02  18 134.2 0.29  11 LGD15 94034.2  8.38 0.19  13 — — — CONT. —  7.41 — — 120.7 — — MGP42 94562.3  8.12 0.13  40 161.9 0.19  38 MGP42 94563.4  7.95 0.12  37 156.7 0.13  34 MGP42 94566.5  6.40 0.01  10 132.1 0.04  13 MGP39 94592.2  7.10 L  22 147.0 L  26 MGP34 96354.1  7.15 0.01  23 137.6 0.02  18 MGP34 96356.1  7.62 0.12  31 146.1 0.13  25 MGP23 96343.3  6.43 L  11 — — — MGP23 96344.1  6.68 0.12  15 156.2 0.21  33 MGP23 96344.3  7.22 0.09  24 140.2 0.07  20 MGP17 96306.1  7.22 0.26  24 146.4 0.18  25 MGP17 96306.3  8.75 0.19  51 165.2 0.27  41 MGP17 96309.2  7.30 0.03  26 149.4 L  28 MGP15 94826.1  6.53 0.14  12 133.7 0.14  14 MGP15 94827.2  6.85 0.11  18 178.4 0.21  52 MGP15 94828.2  7.30 L  26 143.1 0.01  22 MGP15 94830.3  7.58 L  30 160.6 0.20  37 CONT. —  5.81 — — 117.1 — — MGP42 94562.2  8.60 0.04  33 142.7 0.15  23 MGP42 94566.3  8.60 0.14  33 148.5 0.19  28 MGP42 94566.5  7.65 0.14  18 — — — MGP39 94594.1  7.85 0.12  21 — — — MGP39 94596.2  8.33 0.05  28 137.8 0.04  19 MGP39 94597.2  7.75 0.18  20 — — — MGP21 94569.2  7.85 L  21 135.5 0.02  17 MGP21 94572.1  7.50 0.15  16 — — — MGP21 94572.2 10.5  0.03  62 171.6 0.08  48 MGP21 94573.1  9.65 L  49 160.2 0.02  38 MGP20 94575.1  8.72 L  35 135.7 0.24  17 MGP20 94579.1 10.2  0.02  57 158.5 0.05  37 MGP20 94579.4  8.78 0.03  35 — — — MGP16 95060.1  9.53 0.02  47 173.6 0.02  50 MGP16 95392.1  8.68 L  34 143.7 0.13  24 MGP16 95392.2  8.57 0.13  32 — — — MGP16 95393.1  9.62 L  49 157.5 0.03  36 MGP15 94826.1  7.85 0.01  21 128.6 0.17  11 MGP15 94827.2  8.53 0.04  32 147.7 0.19  27 MGP15 94828.2 11.2  0.03  73 190.4 0.02  64 MGP15 94830.3  7.73 0.06  19 — — — CONT. —  6.48 — — 115.9 — — LGM2 92804.2 12.4  L  34 217.5 L  41 LGM2 92804.4 14.5  0.03  56 242.4 L  58 LGM2 92806.3 — — — 182.4 0.30  19 LGM13 92504.2 10.6  0.29  14 178.3 0.25  16 CONT. —  9.28 — — 153.7 — — Table 192. “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 193 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Leaf Roots Roots Area [cm²] Coverage [cm²] Length [cm] Gene Event % % % Name # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD7 95622.1 0.897 0.14 30 13.8 0.04 36 7.80 0.02 6 LGD7 95622.2 0.827 0.05 20 12.8 0.02 27 — — — LGD7 95625.1 0.835 L 21 12.0 0.15 18 — — — LGD14 96776.3 0.763 0.14 11 12.6 L 24 7.74 L 6 LGD14 96776.5 0.824 0.15 20 11.9 0.23 18 7.57 0.25 3 LGD14 96778.1 — — — 11.6 0.26 14 7.58 0.15 3 CONT. — 0.688 — — 10.1 — — 7.33 — — LGB8 96534.3 0.840 0.18 11 — — — — — — LGB4 96493.1 — — — — — — 8.17 0.19 5 LGB14 96600.4 — — — 13.1 L 16 7.94 0.23 2 LGB1 95791.1 0.801 0.24 5 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.760 — — 11.2 — — 7.81 — — LGB5 94192.1 — — — 10.5 0.09 19 — — — LGB5 94192.3 0.803 0.23 18 10.6 0.14 20 — — — LGB5 94193.1 — — — 9.56 0.23 9 — — — LGB5 94193.2 0.742 0.23 9 — — — — — — LGB2 94882.3 0.817 0.19 20 10.7 0.15 21 7.88 0.15 3 LGB2 94884.1 0.770 0.11 13 — — — — — — LGB16 94701.3 — — — 10.2 0.25 15 — — — LCB16 94702.2 — — — — — — 8.05 L 6 LGB16 94702.4 0.766 0.07 12 — — — — — — LGB16 94702.5 0.743 0.04 9 — — — — — — LGB15 93971.4 0.824 L 21 — — — — — — LGB15 93971.6 0.889 0.11 30 11.4 0.01 29 — — — LGB11 93849.4 0.829 0.16 21 — — — 8.01 0.02 5 LGB11 93849.5 0.802 0.02 18 11.3 0.03 29 — — — LGB11 93850.1 0.782 0.16 15 10.9 0.08 23 — — — CONT. — 0.682 — — 8.81 — — 7.63 — — MGP38 96042.4 0.662 0.14 7 13.2 L 40 — — — MGP38 96043.2 0.706 0.10 14 12.5 0.03 33 8.11 0.11 4 MGP38 96043.4 — — — — — — 8.01 0.13 2 MGP38 96045.1 0.809 L 30 15.5 L 65 — — — MGP38 96045.2 — — — 12.1 L 29 — — — MGP35 96180.3 0.753 L 22 13.7 0.03 45 8.29 0.04 6 MGP35 96181.2 — — — 11.7 0.07 25 — — — MGP35 96184.1 0.708 0.09 14 14.4 L 53 8.24 0.02 5 MGP35 96184.3 — — — 13.0 L 38 8.14 0.03 4 MCP34 96354.1 0.860 0.02 39 13.8 L 47 — — — MGP34 96354.3 0.692 0.06 12 15.2 L 62 8.21 0.07 5 MGP34 96356.1 — — — 10.9 0.10 16 — — — MGP34 96356.2 0.698 0.24 13 13.7 L 46 7.99 0.18 2 MGP34 96356.3 0.836 0.02 35 15.1 L 61 — — — MGP33 96055.3 — — — 10.5 0.11 12 — — — MGP33 96056.2 0.856 L 38 14.9 L 58 — — — MGP33 96056.3 0.654 0.09 5 11.8 0.08 25 — — — MGP33 96057.3 0.766 0.12 24 11.6 0.07 24 — — — MGP33 96057.4 — — — 12.5 0.09 33 — — — MGP28 96288.2 — — — 13.5 0.04 44 8.23 L 5 MGP28 96289.2 0.696 0.18 12 12.8 0.01 37 — — — MGP28 96289.4 0.764 0.05 23 15.2 0.02 62 8.20 0.14 5 MGP28 96290.3 — — — 13.1 L 39 — — — MGP28 96290.4 — — — 13.0 L 39 — — — MGP23 96343.3 — — — 11.5 0.15 22 — — — MGP23 96343.4 0.674 0.13 9 15.5 L 65 8.30 L 6 MGP23 96344.3 0.669 0.19 8 13.5 0.05 44 8.17 L 4 MGP17 96306.1 — — — 11.4 0.07 22 8.15 0.23 4 MGP17 96306.3 0.752 0.27 21 12.6 0.07 34 — — — MGP17 96309.1 — — — 12.4 0.02 32 — — — MGP17 96309.2 — — — 10.4 0.27 11 — — — MGP17 96309.3 0.718 0.02 16 14.4 L 53 8.12 0.05 4 CONT. — 0.620 — — 9.41 — — 7.82 — — RIN44 91124.3 0.768 0.20 7 — — — 7.93 0.07 5 LGM9 92729.5 0.857 0.15 19 11.7 0.27 16 — — — LGM8 92646.3 — — — 10.7 0.24 6 8.19 L 8 LGM8 92647.1 — — — — — — 7.90 0.06 4 LGM4 93995.2 0.798 0.22 11 — — — 7.95 0.02 5 LGM4 93995.3 0.839 L 16 — — — 7.70 0.23 2 LGM4 93995.4 0.930 0.01 29 11.2 0.16 11 7.90 0.17 4 LGM4 93996.2 1.01 L 40 12.7 0.07 25 7.96 L 5 LGM23 96234.1 — — — — — — 8.05 0.01 6 LGM23 96236.3 0.845 0.04 17 — — — — — — LGM23 96236.5 — — — — — — 7.81 0.11 3 LGM21 93794.1 0.830 0.17 15 13.4 0.04 32 — — — LGM21 93794.3 0.785 0.22 9 — — — — — — LGM2 92804.3 0.782 0.01 8 12.1 0.28 19 — — — LGM2 92806.1 0.878 0.13 22 — — — — — — LGM2 92806.3 — — — 12.3 0.27 21 — — — LGM2 92808.1 0.985 0.01 37 14.9 L 47 — — — LGM2 92808.2 — — — 13.8 0.14 36 — — — LGM16 92370.1 0.874 0.11 21 — — — — — — LGM16 92372.2 0.825 0.04 14 16.3 L 61 — — — LGM13 92506.2 0.796 L 10 — — — 7.85 0.12 4 LGM13 92506.3 0.815 0.25 13 — — — — — — LGM13 92507.1 0.790 0.25 10 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.721 — — 10.1 — — 7.57 — — LGM16 92369.1 0.772 0.03 12 9.89 0.08 22 — — — LGM16 92373.2 — — — 8.52 0.26 5 — — — CONT. — 0.690 — — 8.08 — — — — — RIN44 91123.3 0.849 L 39 11.5 0.21 28 — — — RIN44 91124.3 0.856 L 40 11.2 0.15 24 — — — LGM23 96234.1 0.781 0.08 28 11.4 L 26 7.59 0.13 9 LGM23 96234.4 0.781 0.02 28 12.0 0.16 32 — — — LGM23 96234.5 0.854 L 40 13.0 0.02 44 7.54 0.10 8 LGM23 96236.2 0.715 0.02 17 10.6 0.03 17 — — — LGM22 96864.2 0.952 0.02 56 11.8 0.10 31 — — — LGM22 96867.1 0.929 L 52 10.3 0.12 14 — — — LGM22 96869.2 0.772 L 26 10.8 0.13 19 7.21 0.05 3 LGM22 96869.3 0.853 L 40 12.6 0.02 40 7.74 0.07 11 CONT. — 0.611 — — 9.05 — — 6.98 — — MGP40 96913.3 0.890 0.05 42 16.6 L 60 8.22 L 14 MGP40 96914.1 0.792 0.01 26 16.7 L 60 7.85 0.07 9 MGP40 96914.2 0.754 0.04 20 14.7 L 42 7.78 L 8 MGP40 96914.3 — — — 13.2 0.10 27 — — — MGP27 96818.2 0.671 0.24 7 14.2 L 37 7.82 L 9 MGP27 96818.3 0.810 0.04 29 16.2 0.02 56 7.70 0.07 7 MGP27 96820.1 0.757 L 20 15.1 L 46 7.62 0.08 6 MGP27 96820.2 0.743 L 18 15.1 L 46 8.00 L 11 MGP27 96820.6 0.714 0.20 14 16.1 0.08 55 8.05 L 12 MGP26 96924.1 0.882 L 40 13.6 L 31 7.59 0.16 5 MGP26 96924.2 0.706 0.25 12 13.3 0.10 28 — — — MGP26 96925.1 0.831 L 32 14.5 L 39 — — — MGP26 96927.1 0.876 0.01 39 15.2 L 46 7.71 L 7 MGP26 96927.4 — — — 15.6 0.02 50 7.68 0.03 7 MGP25 95718.2 0.776 0.24 23 13.2 0.25 27 — — — MGP25 95720.1 0.763 0.03 21 14.7 0.03 42 7.60 0.16 6 MGP25 95720.4 0.841 0.05 34 15.6 0.03 50 7.81 0.13 8 MGP22 97008.4 0.711 L 13 12.8 0.15 23 — — — MGP22 97009.1 0.921 0.02 46 17.5 0.01 68 7.79 L 8 MGP22 97009.2 0.755 0.04 20 16.1 0.06 55 7.86 L 9 MGP22 97009.3 0.842 L 34 15.4 L 48 7.65 0.01 6 MGP22 97009.4 0.808 L 29 14.5 0.02 40 7.84 0.02 9 MGP18 96854.2 — — — 11.8 0.13 14 — — — MGP18 96856.3 0.878 0.02 40 15.2 0.01 46 7.70 0.03 7 MGP18 96856.4 0.793 0.18 26 14.4 0.22 38 — — — CONT. — 0.629 — — 10.4 — — 7.20 — — RIN44 91123.4 0.942 L 12 — — — — — — RIN44 91124.1 0.923 0.09 9 — — — 7.99 0.06 5 LGM9 92729.4 1.08 L 27 — — — — — — LGM9 92731.2 0.985 0.01 17 14.6 L 17 7.98 0.02 5 LGM8 92646.3 — — — — — — 8.04 L 5 LGM8 92647.1 1.01 0.01 19 — — — 7.89 0.22 3 LGM8 92647.2 1.02 0.04 21 14.0 0.19 12 8.16 L 7 LGM8 92648.1 0.947 0.18 12 — — — 8.11 0.15 6 LGM4 93995.1 1.03 0.03 22 — — — — — — LGM4 93995.2 1.03 0.05 22 14.1 0.28 12 8.17 L 7 LGM4 93995.3 0.953 0.19 13 — — — 7.89 0.18 3 LGM4 93995.4 1.05 0.13 24 — — — — — — LGM4 93996.3 1.09 L 29 16.7 L 34 7.91 0.28 4 LGM23 96234.1 1.05 L 24 — — — — — — LGM23 96234.5 1.04 0.16 23 — — — — — — LGM23 96236.2 0.979 0.14 16 — — — — — — LGM23 96236.3 0.895 0.29 6 — — — — — — LGM22 96864.1 1.05 L 24 15.0 0.06 20 — — — LGM22 96864.2 0.986 0.10 17 — — — — — — LGM22 96864.4 0.987 0.05 17 13.9 0.25 11 8.19 0.04 7 LGM22 96869.2 0.920 0.12 9 13.6 0.15 9 7.89 0.30 3 LGM22 96869.4 0.958 0.05 13 — — — — — — LGM21 93794.1 0.906 0.24 7 — — — — — — LGM21 93794.3 0.972 0.15 15 — — — — — — LGM21 93795.2 0.945 0.23 12 13.7 0.16 9 8.11 L 6 LGM21 93798.1 1.02 L 21 14.7 0.11 17 8.00 0.16 5 LGM12 92804.1 1.03 L 22 15.5 L 24 — — — LGM2 92804.2 0.998 L 18 15.8 L 26 — — — LGM2 92804.3 1.12 0.01 32 16.8 L 35 — — — LGM2 92806.3 0.897 0.19 6 16.5 0.02 32 — — — LGM16 92369.1 1.03 0.03 22 — — — — — — LGM16 92370.1 0.998 0.11 18 — — — — — — LGM16 92373.5 1.02 L 21 14.9 0.03 19 7.87 0.10 3 LGM13 92504.1 0.989 L 17 — — — 7.79 0.26 2 LGM13 92504.2 1.06 0.07 25 — — — — — — LGM13 92506.3 0.960 0.12 14 — — — — — — LGM13 92507.1 1.05 0.07 24 — — — — — — LGM13 92507.5 1.02 0.04 21 14.4 0.05 15 7.96 0.09 4 CONT. — 0.845 — — 12.5 — — 7.63 — — LGD6 94014.1 — — — 12.6 0.07 17 7.63 0.06 5 LGD6 94015.2 0.745 0.15 6 — — — 7.57 L 4 LGD6 94016.2 0.762 0.14 9 — — — 7.65 0.11 5 LGD6 94018.1 — — — 12.5 L 16 — — — LGD24 94238.3 0.896 L 28 — — — — — — LGD24 94238.4 0.878 L 26 — — — 7.45 0.25 3 LGD24 94240.2 0.805 0.22 15 — — — — — — LGD24 94240.4 — — — — — — 7.66 L 6 LGD24 94240.5 0.800 0.06 14 — — — — — — LGD21 94233.1 0.879 0.01 26 — — — 7.80 L 8 LGD21 94233.3 0.885 0.01 26 11.7 0.26 9 7.79 0.01 7 LGD21 94233.4 0.756 0.24 8 — — — 7.61 0.02 5 LGD21 94235.2 0.846 L 21 — — — 7.79 0.02 7 LGD21 94236.1 0.806 0.05 15 — — — 7.55 0.06 4 LGD19 93705.1 0.832 0.02 19 — — — — — — LGD19 93705.2 0.844 0.03 21 — — — — — — LGD19 93705.3 0.882 0.07 26 — — — — — — LGD19 93709.2 — — — 12.4 0.23 16 — — — LGD18 94694.3 0.801 0.17 14 — — — 7.60 0.16 5 LGD18 94696.1 0.954 L 36 12.2 0.29 13 — — — LGD18 94698.3 — — — — — — 7.43 0.22 2 LGD18 94699.2 0.835 0.03 19 13.0 0.06 21 7.83 L 8 LGD17 94009.1 0.774 0.19 11 — — — 7.57 0.06 4 LGD17 94011.1 0.878 0.06 25 12.3 0.19 15 — — — LGD17 94012.1 — — — 13.0 0.16 21 — — — LGD16 94228.1 0.791 0.17 13 — — — — — — LGD16 94228.3 0.831 0.26 19 — — — 7.52 0.09 4 LGD16 94230.4 0.851 0.05 22 — — — — — — LGD16 94230.5 0.858 L 23 11.9 0.28 10 7.73 0.02 7 LGD16 94230.6 0.750 0.22 7 — — — 7.63 0.24 5 LGD15 94007.2 — — — — — — 7.46 0.13 3 LGD15 94034.1 — — — 12.8 0.03 19 7.54 0.02 4 LGD15 94034.2 — — — — — — 7.79 L 7 LGD10 93829.1 — — — 12.2 0.29 14 7.53 0.24 4 LGD10 93830.3 — — — — — — 7.50 0.23 3 LGD10 93832.1 0.738 0.16 6 — — — — — — LGD10 93833.1 — — — 12.9 0.16 20 — — — CONT. — 0.700 — — 10.7 — — 7.25 — — MGP42 94562.2 — — — 13.4 L 37 8.23 0.03 8 MGP42 94562.3 0.742 0.20 12 12.8 0.05 30 — — — MGP42 94563.4 — — — 14.9 0.06 52 8.05 0.22 5 MGP42 94566.3 — — — 11.2 0.07 14 — — — MGP42 94566.5 — — — 12.8 0.06 30 — — — MGP39 94592.2 0.748 0.06 13 12.9 0.02 32 8.06 0.02 5 MGP39 94594.1 — — — 12.2 0.16 24 — — — MGP39 94596.2 — — — 12.6 0.15 28 — — — MGP39 94596.3 — — — 11.3 0.24 15 — — — MGP39 94597.2 — — — 11.2 0.02 14 7.99 L 5 MGP34 96354.1 — — — 12.4 0.03 26 — — — MGP34 96354.3 — — — — — — 8.05 0.26 5 MGP34 96356.1 0.752 0.24 14 13.3 0.02 35 8.11 0.02 6 MGP34 96356.2 — — — 11.7 0.20 19 7.86 0.14 3 MGP34 96356.3 — — — 11.9 0.15 21 — — — MGP23 96343.3 — — — 11.3 0.07 15 — — — MGP23 96343.4 — — — 12.1 0.10 23 — — — MGP23 96344.1 — — — 12.3 L 26 — — — MGP23 96344.3 0.720 0.27 9 12.8 0.03 30 8.13 L 6 MGP17 96306.1 — — — 13.3 0.07 36 — — — MGP17 96306.3 0.799 0.04 21 13.4 0.03 36 7.99 0.13 5 MGP17 96309.1 — — — 11.4 0.09 16 — — — MGP17 96309.2 0.708 0.23 7 13.9 L 41 — — — MGP15 94827.1 — — — 12.5 0.14 27 — — — MGP15 94827.2 — — — 12.2 0.23 25 — — — MGP15 94828.2 0.752 0.04 14 13.1 L 33 — — — MGP15 94830.3 0.727 0.11 10 13.4 L 36 8.23 0.06 8 CONT. — 0.660 — — 9.82 — — 7.64 — — MGP42 94562.2 0.700 0.19 14 12.3 0.04 29 — — — MGP42 94563.4 — — — 10.9 0.29 15 — — — MGP42 94566.3 0.722 0.09 18 12.4 0.01 30 8.20 0.12 4 MGP42 94566.5 — — — 11.5 0.07 21 8.23 0.18 4 MGP39 94592.2 — — — 10.7 0.19 13 8.21 0.12 4 MGP39 94594.1 0.744 0.03 21 11.4 L 20 8.17 0.08 4 MGP39 94596.2 0.720 0.02 18 11.5 0.13 21 — — — MGP39 94596.3 — — — 11.7 0.03 23 8.43 L 7 MGP21 94569.2 0.725 L 18 12.0 0.02 26 — — — MGP21 94571.2 — — — 11.1 0.14 17 — — — MGP21 94572.1 0.695 0.08 13 11.3 L 19 8.55 0.08 8 MGP21 94572.2 0.883 L 44 14.3 L 50 8.39 L 6 MGP21 94573.1 0.799 L 30 12.8 L 34 8.08 0.13 2 MGP20 94574.1 — — — 11.0 0.05 16 — — — MGP20 94574.2 — — — 12.2 L 28 8.31 0.02 5 MGP20 94575.1 0.733 L 20 10.4 0.21 10 — — — MGP20 94579.1 0.790 0.12 29 14.0 L 47 8.52 L 8 MGP20 94579.4 0.688 0.10 12 13.4 0.03 41 8.33 0.30 6 MGP16 95060.1 0.765 0.02 25 11.3 0.17 19 — — — MGP16 95392.1 0.725 L 18 12.1 0.03 27 8.16 0.25 3 MGP16 95392.2 — — — 11.5 0.14 22 — — — MGP16 95392.3 — — — 11.2 0.04 18 — — — MGP16 95393.1 0.811 L 32 12.1 0.11 27 — — — MGP15 94826.1 — — — 11.4 0.02 20 — — — MGP15 94827.1 — — — 11.1 0.11 16 8.11 0.09 3 MGP15 94827.2 0.676 0.10 10 — — — — — — MGP15 94828.2 0.890 0.01 45 14.7 0.01 55 8.37 0.09 6 MGP15 94830.3 0.675 0.12 10 11.7 0.02 23 — — — CONT. — 0.613 — — 9.50 — — 7.89 — — LGM2 92804.2 0.894 L 20 11.9 L 20 — — — LGM2 92804.3 0.797 0.19 7 — — — — — — LGM2 92804.4 0.955 0.01 28 13.6 0.07 37 — — — LGM2 92806.3 0.902 0.15 21 12.4 0.03 26 — — — LGM13 92504.1 0.811 0.24 9 — — — — — — LGM13 92504.2 0.901 0.08 21 — — — — — — LGM13 92507.1 0.908 0.04 22 — — — — — — LGM13 92507.5 0.803 0.27 8 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.746 — — 9.87 — — — — — Table 193. “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 194 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter RGR Of RGR Of RGR Of Leaf Area Roots Coverage Root Length Gene Event % % % Name # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD7 95622.1 0.0922 0.01 29 1.68 L 36 — — — LGD7 95622.2 0.0881 0.02 23 1.58 0.02 27 — — — LGD7 95625.1 0.0874 0.02 22 1.47 0.10 19 — — — LGD14 96776.3 — — — 1.54 0.03 24 — — — LGD14 96776.5 0.0885 0.02 24 1.46 0.13 18 — — — LGD14 96778.1 — — — 1.42 0.20 15 — — — CONT. — 0.0716 — — 1.24 — — — — — LGB14 96600.4 0.0900 0.29 13 1.60 0.19 16 — — — CONT. — 0.0795 — — 1.37 — — — — — LGB5 94192.1 — — — 1.25 0.06 18 — — — LGB5 94192.3 0.0870 0.22 21 1.27 0.03 20 0.802 0.17 7 LGB5 94193.1 — — — 1.17 0.27 10 — — — LGB5 94193.2 0.0786 0.21 9 — — — — — — LGB2 94882.3 0.0858 0.22 20 1.31 0.02 23 0.834 0.02 12 LGB2 94884.1 0.0825 0.25 15 1.16 0.28 10 — — — LGB16 94701.3 — — — 1.20 0.16 13 — — — LGB16 94702.2 — — — — — — 0.767 0.10 3 LGB16 94702.4 0.0807 0.10 12 1.18 0.22 11 — — — LGB16 94702.5 0.0756 0.24 5 — — — — — — LGB15 93971.4 0.0877 0.08 22 — — — — — — LGB15 93971.6 0.0943 0.02 31 1.36 L 28 — — — LGB11 93849.4 0.0873 0.11 22 1.17 0.26 10 — — — LGB11 93849.5 0.0853 0.02 19 1.37 L 30 — — — LGB11 93850.1 0.0830 0.23 16 1.31 0.01 24 — — — CONT. — 0.0718 — — 1.06 — — 0.748 — — MGP38 96042.4 — — — 1.62 L 41 — — — MGP38 96043.2 0.0769 0.11 17 1.52 L 32 0.819 0.18 7 MGP38 96043.4 — — — 1.31 0.20 14 — — — MGP38 96045.1 0.0877 L 33 1.90 L 65 — — — MGP38 96045.2 — — — 1.49 L 30 — — — MGP35 96180.3 0.0811 0.02 23 1.68 L 46 0.829 0.13 8 MGP35 96181.2 — — — 1.44 0.02 25 — — — MGP35 96184.1 0.0745 0.19 13 1.77 L 53 — — — MGP35 96184.3 — — — 1.60 L 39 — — — MGP34 96354.1 0.0920 L 40 1.67 L 45 — — — MGP34 96354.3 0.0731 0.26 11 1.87 L 62 — — — MGP34 96356.1 — — — 1.34 0.11 16 — — — MGP34 96356.2 0.0736 0.26 12 1.68 L 46 — — — MGP34 96356.3 0.0920 L 40 1.86 L 62 — — — MGP33 96055.3 — — — 1.29 0.23 12 — — — MGP33 96056.2 0.0918 L 39 1.83 L 59 — — — MGP33 96056.3 — — — 1.43 0.02 24 — — — MGP33 96057.3 0.0810 0.04 23 1.42 0.03 23 — — — MGP33 96057.4 — — — 1.54 L 34 — — — MGP28 96288.2 — — — 1.64 L 43 — — — MGP28 96289.2 — — — 1.56 L 36 — — — MGP28 96289.4 0.0816 0.03 24 1.87 L 62 — — — MGP28 96290.3 — — — 1.59 L 38 — — — MGP28 96290.4 — — — 1.60 L 39 — — — MGP23 96343.3 — — — 1.39 0.07 21 — — — MGP23 96343.4 0.0730 0.26 11 1.91 L 66 — — — MGP23 96344.3 — — — 1.65 L 43 — — — MGP17 96306.1 — — — 1.41 0.03 22 — — — MGP17 96306.3 0.0805 0.07 22 1.55 L 34 — — — MGP17 96309.1 — — — 1.53 L 33 — — — MGP17 96309.3 0.0757 0.13 15 1.76 L 53 — — — CONT. — 0.0659 — — 1.15 — — 0.768 — — RIN44 91124.3 0.0810 0.24 7 — — — — — — LGM9 92729.5 0.0921 0.04 22 1.36 0.19 14 — — — LGM9 92729.6 0.0946 0.04 25 — — — 0.703 0.23 4 LGM8 92646.3 — — — — — — 0.722 0.06 7 LGM8 92646.4 — — — — — — 0.731 0.02 8 LGM8 92647.2 — — — — — — 0.698 0.04 3 LGM8 92648.1 — — — — — — 0.699 0.01 3 LGM4 93995.2 0.0835 0.25 11 — — — 0.729 0.24 8 LGM4 93995.3 0.0925 0.02 23 — — — 0.718 0.07 6 LGM4 93995.4 0.0974 L 29 — — — 0.704 0.06 4 LGM4 93996.2 0.106 L 40 1.47 0.03 24 0.716 0.19 6 LGM23 96234.1 — — — — — — 0.691 0.16 2 LGM23 96236.3 0.0906 0.05 20 — — — 0.711 0.24 5 LGM23 96236.5 — — — — — — 0.708 0.10 5 LGM21 93794.1 0.0879 0.11 17 1.60 L 35 — — — LGM21 93794.3 0.0840 0.26 11 — — — — — — LGM2 92804.3 0.0793 0.19 5 1.39 0.13 17 — — — LGM2 92806.1 0.0908 0.06 20 1.46 0.06 22 — — — LGM2 92806.3 — — — 1.46 0.05 23 — — — LGM2 92808.1 0.104 0.02 38 1.79 L 50 — — — LGM2 92808.2 — — — 1.64 L 38 — — — LGM16 92370.1 0.0937 0.02 24 — — — 0.726 0.24 7 LGM16 92372.2 0.0910 L 21 2.01 L 69 0.743 0.04 10 LGM16 92373.2 0.0847 0.24 12 — — — 0.743 0.15 10 LGM13 92506.2 0.0827 L 10 — — — 0.704 0.18 4 LGM13 92506.3 0.0874 0.13 16 — — — — — — LGM13 92507.1 0.0841 0.26 11 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.0755 — — 1.19 — — 0.677 — — LGM16 92369.1 0.0778 0.07 12 1.21 0.08 24 0.750 0.14 11 LGM16 92373.1 — — — — — — 0.717 0.19 6 LGM16 92373.2 — — — 1.03 0.20 6 — — — CONT. — 0.0698 — — 0.977 — — 0.677 — — RIN44 91123.3 0.0901 L 42 1.42 0.03 28 — — — RIN44 91124.3 0.0884 L 40 1.37 0.06 23 — — — LGM23 96234.1 0.0825 L 30 1.40 0.03 26 0.776 L 16 LGM23 96234.4 0.0819 L 29 1.46 0.02 31 — — — LGM23 96234.5 0.0881 L 39 1.60 L 44 0.715 0.26 7 LGM23 96236.2 0.0734 0.14 16 1.31 0.14 18 — — — LGM22 96864.2 0.0992 L 57 1.46 0.01 31 0.744 0.06 11 LGM22 96867.1 0.0971 L 53 1.27 0.23 15 0.725 0.16 8 LGM22 96869.2 0.0810 0.01 28 1.31 0.14 18 — — — LGM22 96869.3 0.0894 L 41 1.55 L 39 0.744 0.06 11 CONT. — 0.0633 — — 1.11 — — 0.670 — — MGP40 96912.2 — — — 1.44 0.25 13 — — — MGP40 96913.3 0.0940 0.05 43 2.04 L 60 0.829 0.01 15 MGP40 96914.1 0.0859 L 31 2.05 L 60 0.763 0.20 6 MGP40 96914.2 0.0785 0.05 20 1.80 L 41 0.753 0.10 5 MGP40 96914.3 — — — 1.63 0.01 27 — — — MGP27 96818.2 — — — 1.75 L 37 0.750 0.21 4 MGP27 96818.3 0.0863 L 32 2.00 L 56 — — — MGP27 96820.1 0.0806 0.02 23 1.86 L 45 — — — MGP27 96820.2 0.0780 L 19 1.86 L 46 0.737 0.29 3 MGP27 96820.6 0.0736 0.22 12 1.98 L 55 0.774 0.22 8 MGP26 96924.1 0.0911 L 39 1.67 L 31 0.803 0.06 12 MGP26 96924.2 — — — 1.64 0.01 28 0.768 0.28 7 MGP26 96925.1 0.0849 L 29 1.78 L 39 — — — MGP26 96927.1 0.0920 L 40 1.86 L 45 0.769 0.25 7 MGP26 96927.4 — — — 1.92 L 50 — — — MGP25 95718.2 0.0771 0.14 18 1.62 0.04 26 — — — MGP25 95720.1 0.0803 0.02 23 1.82 L 42 0.749 0.22 4 MGP25 95720.4 0.0853 0.07 30 1.90 L 49 — — — MGP22 97008.4 0.0733 0.22 12 1.58 0.04 23 — — — MGP22 97009.1 0.0992 L 51 2.15 L 68 0.771 0.23 7 MGP22 97009.2 0.0809 0.04 23 1.99 L 56 0.797 0.13 11 MGP22 97009.3 0.0900 L 37 1.89 L 48 — — — MGP22 97009.4 0.0829 L 27 1.78 L 39 — — — MGP18 96854.2 — — — 1.46 0.19 14 — — — MGP18 96855.1 — — — 1.48 0.24 16 — — — MGP18 96855.2 — — — 1.60 0.05 25 — — — MGP18 96856.3 0.0929 L 42 1.88 L 47 0.790 0.11 10 MGP18 96856.4 0.0825 0.02 26 1.76 L 38 — — — CONT. — 0.0656 — — 1.28 — — 0.719 — — RIN44 91123.4 0.0974 0.17 13 1.64 0.28 10 — — — RIN44 91124.1 0.0956 0.25 11 — — — — — — LGM9 92729.4 0.111 L 29 — — — — — — LGM9 92731.2 0.100 0.08 16 1.73 0.06 16 — — — LGM8 92647.1 0.102 0.05 18 — — — — — — LGM8 92647.2 0.106 0.02 23 1.65 0.21 11 — — — LGM8 92648.1 0.0970 0.19 12 1.76 0.06 18 — — — LGM4 93995.1 0.108 L 25 — — — — — — LGM4 93995.2 0.107 0.01 24 1.69 0.13 14 0.751 0.29 8 LGM4 93995.3 0.0998 0.10 16 — — — — — — LGM4 93995.4 0.111 L 29 — — — — — — LGM4 93996.3 0.113 L 31 2.01 L 35 — — — LGM23 96234.1 0.107 0.01 24 — — — — — — LGM23 96234.5 0.104 0.05 21 — — — — — — LGM23 96236.2 0.100 0.09 16 — — — — — — LGM22 96864.1 0.108 L 25 1.79 0.03 20 — — — LGM22 96864.2 0.0989 0.12 15 1.66 0.22 12 — — — LGM22 96864.4 0.102 0.06 18 1.65 0.23 11 — — — LGM22 96869.4 0.0970 0.18 12 — — — — — — LGM21 93794.1 — — — 1.63 0.29 9 — — — LGM21 93794.3 0.0984 0.14 14 — — — — — — LGM21 93798.1 0.107 0.01 23 1.75 0.05 18 — — — LGM2 92804.1 0.103 0.03 20 1.88 L 26 0.751 0.27 8 LGM2 92804.2 0.101 0.06 18 1.89 L 27 — — — LGM2 92804.3 0.112 L 29 2.01 L 35 — — — LGM2 92806.3 — — — 1.98 L 33 — — — LGM16 92369.1 0.106 0.02 23 — — — — — — LGM16 92370.1 0.103 0.05 19 — — — — — — LGM16 92373.5 0.105 0.02 22 1.80 0.02 21 — — — LGM13 92504.1 0.102 0.09 18 — — — — — — LGM13 92504.2 0.106 0.02 22 — — — — — — LGM13 92506.3 0.101 0.08 17 — — — — — — LGM13 92507.1 0.107 0.02 24 — — — — — — LGM13 92507.5 0.105 0.03 21 1.73 0.06 16 — — — CONT. — 0.0863 — — 1.49 — — 0.695 — — LGD6 94014.1 — — — 1.49 0.20 16 — — — LGD6 94018.1 — — — 1.48 0.24 15 — — — LGD24 94238.3 0.0940 L 28 — — — 0.714 0.26 9 LGD24 94238.4 0.0933 L 27 — — — — — — LGD24 94240.2 0.0853 0.09 16 — — — — — — LGD24 94240.5 0.0813 0.24 10 — — — — — — LGD21 94233.1 0.0928 L 26 — — — 0.718 0.21 9 LGD21 94233.3 0.0918 L 25 — — — 0.715 0.24 9 LGD21 94235.2 0.0899 0.01 22 — — — — — — LGD21 94236.1 0.0833 0.14 13 — — — — — — LGD19 93705.1 0.0877 0.04 19 — — — — — — LGD19 93705.2 0.0872 0.04 19 — — — 0.729 0.14 11 LGD19 93705.3 0.0912 0.01 24 — — — — — — LGD19 93709.2 — — — 1.47 0.26 15 — — — LGD18 94694.3 0.0824 0.19 12 1.48 0.24 15 — — — LGD18 94696.1 0.100 L 36 — — — — — — LGD18 94699.2 0.0892 0.02 21 1.55 0.10 21 0.708 0.30 8 LGD17 94009.1 0.0811 0.26 10 — — — — — — LGD17 94011.1 0.0943 L 28 1.50 0.20 16 — — — LGD17 94012.1 — — — 1.56 0.10 21 — — — LGD16 94228.1 0.0822 0.20 12 — — — — — — LGD16 94228.3 0.0905 0.02 23 — — — — — — LGD16 94230.4 0.0918 L 25 1.52 0.17 18 — — — LGD16 94230.5 0.0920 L 25 — — — 0.720 0.21 9 LGD15 94034.1 — — — 1.54 0.12 20 — — — LGD10 93833.1 — — — 1.57 0.09 22 — — — CONT. — 0.0736 — — 1.28 — — 0.658 — — MGP42 94562.2 — — — 1.57 L 37 — — — MGP42 94562.3 0.0762 0.17 12 1.53 L 33 — — — MGP42 94563.4 0.0746 0.30 10 1.76 L 53 — — — MGP42 94566.3 — — — 1.33 0.13 16 — — — MGP42 94566.5 — — — 1.54 L 34 — — — MGP39 94592.2 0.0760 0.16 12 1.52 L 32 — — — MGP39 94594.1 — — — 1.42 0.04 23 — — — MGP39 94596.2 — — — 1.48 0.01 28 — — — MGP39 94596.3 — — — 1.30 0.23 13 — — — MGP39 94597.2 — — — 1.30 0.24 13 — — — MGP34 96354.1 — — — 1.47 L 28 — — — MGP34 96354.3 — — — 1.35 0.15 17 — — — MGP34 96356.1 0.0773 0.12 14 1.52 L 33 — — — MGP34 96356.2 0.0771 0.15 14 1.33 0.14 16 — — — MGP34 96356.3 0.0754 0.27 11 1.42 0.06 23 — — — MGP23 96343.3 — — — 1.35 0.15 17 — — — MGP23 96343.4 — — — 1.39 0.06 21 — — — MGP23 96344.1 — — — 1.44 0.02 25 — — — MGP23 96344.3 0.0747 0.25 10 1.54 L 34 — — — MGP17 96306.1 — — — 1.60 L 39 — — — MGP17 96306.3 0.0829 0.01 22 1.55 L 35 — — — MGP17 96309.1 — — — 1.32 0.16 15 — — — MGP17 96309.2 — — — 1.66 L 44 — — — MGP15 94827.1 — — — 1.51 L 31 — — — MGP15 94827.2 — — — 1.48 0.02 28 — — — MGP15 94828.2 0.0749 0.22 10 1.57 L 37 — — — MGP15 94830.3 0.0771 0.11 14 1.57 L 37 0.766 0.23 8 CONT. — 0.0678 — — 1.15 — — 0.707 — — MGP42 94562.2 0.0708 0.30 11 1.50 L 32 — — — MGP42 94563.4 — — — 1.33 0.17 17 — — — MGP42 94566.3 0.0735 0.17 16 1.50 L 32 0.827 0.07 9 MGP42 94566.5 — — — 1.39 0.06 22 0.815 0.15 8 MGP39 94592.2 — — — 1.30 0.21 14 — — — MGP39 94594.1 0.0762 0.07 20 1.37 0.08 20 — — — MGP39 94596.2 0.0733 0.15 15 1.37 0.09 21 — — — MGP39 94596.3 — — — 1.43 0.03 26 0.794 L 5 MGP21 94569.2 0.0730 L 15 1.46 0.02 28 — — — MGP21 94571.2 — — — 1.36 0.10 20 — — — MGP21 94572.1 0.0707 0.28 11 1.35 0.10 19 0.811 0.16 7 MGP21 94572.2 0.0888 L 40 1.74 L 53 0.803 0.21 6 MGP21 94573.1 0.0821 L 29 1.57 L 38 0.897 L 19 MGP20 94574.1 — — — 1.30 0.20 15 — — — MGP20 94574.2 — — — 1.50 L 32 — — — MGP20 94575.1 0.0743 0.11 17 — — — — — — MGP20 94579.1 0.0820 0.15 29 1.69 L 49 0.853 0.02 13 MGP20 94579.4 0.0705 0.17 11 1.62 L 43 0.781 0.30 3 MGP16 95060.1 0.0784 0.04 23 1.36 0.12 20 — — — MGP16 95392.1 0.0738 0.12 16 1.46 0.02 29 0.781 0.04 3 MGP16 95392.2 — — — 1.39 0.07 23 — — — MGP16 95392.3 — — — 1.35 0.11 19 0.793 0.18 5 MGP16 95393.1 0.0836 L 31 1.46 0.02 29 0.798 0.29 6 MGP15 94826.1 — — — 1.37 0.07 21 0.792 0.30 5 MGP15 94827.1 — — — 1.31 0.19 15 — — — MGP15 94827.2 0.0689 0.19 8 1.45 0.06 28 — — — MGP15 94828.2 0.0921 L 45 1.78 L 57 0.787 0.10 4 MGP15 94830.3 — — — 1.42 0.03 25 — — — CONT. — 0.0636 — — 1.14 — — 0.755 — — LGM2 92804.2 0.0911 0.01 17 1.45 L 22 — — — LGM2 92804.4 0.0979 0.01 26 1.68 0.06 41 — — — LGM2 92806.3 0.0908 0.21 17 1.49 0.05 25 — — — LGM13 92504.2 0.0930 0.12 20 — — — — — — LGM13 92507.1 0.0961 0.05 23 — — — — — — LGM13 92507.5 — — — — — — 0.776 0.12 10 CONT. — 0.0778 — — 1.19 — — 0.706 — — Table 194. “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

Tables 195-197 summarize the observed phenotypes of transgenic plants exogenously expressing the gene constructs using the seedling assays under nitrogen deficient growth conditions. The genes listed in these Tables show increased biomass (e.g., increased dry weight, fresh weight), photosynthetic area (e.g., increased leaf area), increased root biomass (e.g., root length and root coverage) and increased growth rate (e.g., increased growth rate of leaf area, root coverage and root length) under nitrogen deficient growth conditions. The evaluation of each gene was performed by testing the performance of different number of events. Event with p-value<0.1 was considered statistically significant.

TABLE 195 Genes showing improved plant performance at Low Nitrogen growth conditions under regulation of Ar6669 promoter Dry Weight [mg] Fresh Weight [mg] Gene % % Name Event # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. RIN44 72525.4 5.22 0.17 45 103.2 0.04 43 RIN44 72527.2 — — — 92.4 0.19 28 CONT. — 3.60 — — 72.4 — — LGB8 96534.3 — — — 75.5 0.13 10 LGB8 96534.5 5.70 0.08 25 85.7 0.02 25 LGB8 96538.1 5.62 0.04 23 — — — LGB4 96493.1 — — — 73.8 0.20 7 LGB4 96493.2 5.03 0.04 10 75.0 0.07 9 LGB4 96493.3 — — — 75.9 0.21 10 LGB14 96600.4 4.95 0.03 8 74.9 0.07 9 LGB14 96601.1 5.25 L 15 84.3 0.03 23 LGB14 96601.2 5.60 0.13 23 80.2 0.13 17 LGB14 96601.3 — — — 73.0 0.25 6 LGB14 96602.1 4.95 0.23 8 75.1 0.21 9 LGB1 95790.2 5.00 0.28 10 — — — LGB1 95791.1 5.03 0.26 10 74.6 0.26 9 LGB1 95792.3 5.12 0.10 12 — — — CONT. — 4.56 — — 68.7 — — LGB5 94192.1 — — — 65.5 0.03 10 LGB5 94195.1 4.45 0.25 11 72.5 0.21 22 LGB2 94882.3 4.72 0.23 18 68.6 0.15 15 LGB11 93849.4 4.55 0.09 13 63.7 0.13 7 LGB11 93850.1 4.47 L 12 — — — CONT. — 4.01 — — 59.4 — — “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 196 Genes showing improved plant petformance at Low Nitrogen growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Roots Leaf Area [cm²] Coverage [cm²] Roots Length [cm] Gene % % % Name Event # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. RIN44 72525.4 0.414 0.12 22 19.8 0.11 55 8.48 0.07 16 RIN44 72527.2 0.430 0.11 27 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.338 — — 12.8 — — 7.29 — — LGB8 96534.3 0.390 0.05 6 — — — — — — LGB8 96534.5 0.457 0.04 25 — — — 8.39 0.18 5 LGB8 96537.2 — — — 16.0 0.17 11 8.24 0.09 3 LGB4 96492.3 0.429 0.04 17 — — — 8.33 0.01 4 LGB4 96493.1 0.394 0.04 8 — — — — — — LGB4 96493.2 0.407 0.06 11 — — — — — — LGB4 96493.3 — — — 15.3 0.30 6 — — — LGB14 96600.4 0.409 0.01 12 17.8 L 24 8.32 0.09 4 LGB14 96601.1 0.433 0.01 18 15.9 0.15 10 — — — LGB14 96601.2 0.425 L 16 18.9 L 32 8.50 L 6 LGB14 96602.1 0.451 0.02 23 18.3 0.09 27 8.38 0.02 5 LGB1 95790.2 0.406 0.25 11 — — — — — — LGB1 95790.5 0.407 0.09 11 — — — 8.17 0.13 2 LGB1 95791.1 0.454 0.29 24 — — — — — — LGB1 95792.3 — — — 17.2 L 19 8.44 0.06 6 CONT. — 0.366 — — 14.4 — — 7.99 — — LGB5 94192.1 0.371 0.07 7 16.2 0.04 30 8.27 0.03 5 LGB5 94193.1 — — — — — — 8.09 0.22 3 LGB5 94193.2 0.372 0.30 8 — — — 8.23 0.12 4 LGB5 94195.1 0.376 0.03 9 15.9 0.01 27 8.23 0.07 4 LGB2 94882.1 0.372 0.27 8 — — — — — — LGB2 94882.3 — — — 15.5 0.11 24 8.27 0.13 5 LGB2 94884.3 — — — — — — 8.05 0.16 2 LGB16 94701.3 0.363 0.19 5 — — — — — — LGB16 94702.2 0.369 0.18 7 13.6 0.21 9 8.26 0.03 5 LGB16 94702.4 — — — — — — 8.16 0.19 3 LGB15 93970.1 0.367 0.04 6 13.8 0.11 10 — — — LGB15 93971.4 — — — 15.6 0.17 25 — — — LGB15 93971.6 0.384 0.03 11 — — — — — — LGB11 93849.4 0.423 0.03 23 14.8 0.18 18 8.41 0.16 7 LGB11 93850.1 0.372 0.16 8 — — — — — — LGB11 93850.3 — — — — — — 8.07 0.28 2 CONT. — 0.345 — — 12.5 — — 7.89 — — “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

TABLE 197 Genes showing improved plant performance at Low Nitrogen growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter RGR Of RGR Of RGR Of Leaf Area Roots Coverage Root Length Gene % % % Name Event # Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. RIN44 72525.4 0.0451 0.09 29 2.43 0.05 55 0.794 0.21 14 RIN44 72527.2 0.0435 0.19 25 — — — — — — RIN44 72528.4 — — — — — — 0.811 0.14 16 CONT. — 0.0349 — — 1.57 — — 0.697 — — LGB4 96492.3 0.0365 0.08 19 — — — — — — LGB14 96600.4 0.0346 0.23 13 2.19 0.04 23 — — — LGB14 96601.1 0.0363 0.09 18 — — — — — — LGB14 96601.2 0.0358 0.12 17 2.34 L 32 0.898 0.14 10 LGB14 96602.1 0.0381 0.03 24 2.24 0.03 26 — — — LGB1 95790.2 0.0353 0.17 15 — — — — — — LGB1 95791.1 0.0405 0.02 32 — — — — — — LGB1 95792.3 — — — 2.10 0.10 18 — — — CONT. — 0.0307 — — 1.78 — — 0.819 — — LGB5 94192.1 — — — 1.97 L 30 — — — LGB5 94193.1 — — — — — — 0.845 0.12 8 LGB5 94193.2 0.0330 0.17 13 1.74 0.18 15 0.812 0.23 4 LGB5 94195.1 0.0313 0.14 8 1.94 L 28 0.848 0.10 8 LGB2 94881.2 0.0333 0.12 15 — — — 0.906 L 16 LGB2 94882.1 0.0316 0.23 9 — — — — — — LGB2 94882.3 — — — 1.89 0.03 25 0.864 0.04 10 LGB2 94884.3 0.0320 0.10 10 — — — — — — LGB16 94701.3 0.0317 0.02 9 — — — — — — LGB16 94702.1 0.0325 0.11 12 — — — — — — LGB16 94702.2 0.0343 0.05 18 — — — — — — LGB16 94702.4 — — — — — — 0.820 0.02 5 LGB16 94702.5 — — — — — — 0.821 0.26 5 LGB15 93970.1 0.0308 0.15 6 — — — — — — LGB15 93971.4 — — — 1.93 0.02 27 — — — LGB11 93849.4 0.0347 0.05 19 1.79 0.10 18 — — — LGB11 93849.7 0.0337 0.03 16 — — — — — — LGB11 93850.1 0.0308 0.08 6 — — — — — — LGB11 93850.3 0.0324 0.23 12 — — — — — — CONT. — 0.0291 — — 1.51 — — 0.783 — — “CONT.” = Control; “Ave.” = Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.” = p-value, L = p < 0.01.

Results from T1 Plants

Tables 198-203 summarize the observed phenotypes of transgenic plants expressing the gene constructs using the TC-T1 Assays (seedling analysis of T1 plants).

The genes presented in Tables 198-203 showed a significant improvement in plant biomass and root development since they produced a higher biomass (dry weight, Tables 198 and 201), a larger leaf and root biomass (leaf area, root length and root coverage) (Tables 199 and 202), and a higher relative growth rate of leaf area, and root coverage (Tables 200 and 203) when grown under normal growth conditions (Tables 198-200) or under low nitrogen growth conditions (nitrogen deficiency) (Tables 201-203) as compared to control plants grown under identical growth conditions. Plants producing larger root biomass have better possibilities to absorb larger amount of nitrogen from soil. Plants producing larger leaf biomass have better ability to produce assimilates. The genes were cloned under the regulation of a constitutive promoter (At6669; SEQ ID NO: 6614). The evaluation of each gene was performed by testing the performance of different number of events. Some of the genes were evaluated in more than one tissue culture assay. This second experiment confirmed the significant increment in leaf and root performance. Event with p-value<0.1 was considered statistically significant.

TABLE 198 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Dry Weight [mg] Fresh Weight [mg] Gene Name Ave. P-Val. % Incr. Ave. P-Val. % Incr. MGP30_H3 11.1 0.24 7 — — — CONT. 10.3 — — — — — LGD9 9.57 0.08 31 170.8 0.10 25 LGD9 10.3 0.01 41 192.4 0.02 41 LGD9 8.33 0.13 14 156.5 0.10 15 LGD8 10.8 0.01 47 189.5 0.03 39 LGD8 10.4 0.25 43 189.3 0.25 39 LGD8 12.8 0.02 75 234.5 0.02 72 LGD6 10.7 L 46 180.5 L 32 LGD6 9.72 0.05 33 171.1 0.05 25 LGD6 10.7 0.04 45 175.0 0.12 28 LGD24 12.0 0.02 63 219.2 0.03 60 LGD24 9.57 0.04 31 170.4 0.14 25 LGD24 10.8 0.03 47 185.0 0.16 35 LGD24 11.8 0.05 61 200.8 0.06 47 LGD21 12.1 0.04 65 218.7 0.05 60 LGD21 10.1 L 38 177.0 0.03 30 LGD21 12.7 L 73 233.4 L 71 LGD21 10.1 0.02 38 212.4 0.12 55 LGD21 8.78 0.06 20 154.3 0.03 13 LGD19 8.12 0.21 11 152.8 0.19 12 LGD19 8.05 0.08 10 — — — LGD19 9.10 0.01 24 169.6 0.07 24 LGD18 9.70 L 32 170.1 L 24 LGD18 8.15 0.19 11 — — — LGD18 9.60 0.03 31 152.4 0.20 11 LGD18 9.88 0.06 35 — — — LGD17 10.0 0.28 36 — — — LGD17 9.38 L 28 163.6 L 20 LGD17 11.0 0.11 50 180.5 0.11 32 LGD17 9.57 0.06 31 174.2 0.13 27 LGD16 8.27 0.14 13 — — — LGD16 10.8 0.02 48 199.4 0.02 46 LGD16 10.1 0.11 38 205.1 0.12 50 LGD16 8.62 0.17 18 — — — LGD16 9.97 0.02 36 155.5 0.06 14 LGD15 10.9 0.02 48 195.8 0.04 43 LGD15 9.88 L 35 177.5 0.02 30 LGD12 8.60 0.23 17 — — — LGD12 8.75 0.10 19 162.2 0.18 19 LGD12 10.3 0.02 41 189.1 L 38 LGD11 8.95 0.08 22 157.1 0.25 15 LGD11 8.82 0.21 20 — — — LGD11 12.7 0.02 73 283.1 0.14 107 LGD11 10.4 0.08 43 189.1 0.07 38 LGD10 8.85 L 21 164.0 L 20 LGD10 9.85 0.06 34 184.4 0.05 35 LGD10 10.1 0.02 38 173.2 0.08 27 LGD10 9.85 0.01 34 157.5 0.08 15 CONT. 7.33 — — 136.6 — — LGB8 7.73 L 22 129.4 0.08 17 LGB8 9.38 0.24 47 — — — LGB8 8.90 0.05 40 148.4 0.15 34 LGB8 7.38 0.12 16 127.9 0.18 16 LGB5 8.72 0.24 37 147.1 0.30 33 LGB5 9.53 0.05 50 173.4 0.05 57 LGB2 9.70 0.01 53 167.1 0.02 51 LGB2 10.7 0.03 68 179.7 0.04 63 LGB16 8.25 0.09 30 — — — LGB16 8.50 L 34 144.9 L 31 LGB15 9.80 L 54 159.6 L 44 LGB15 8.90 0.02 40 147.2 0.05 33 LGB15 8.33 0.06 31 140.6 0.10 27 LGB15 8.50 0.04 34 142.0 0.12 29 LGB14 8.02 0.09 26 140.3 0.05 27 LGB14 9.15 L 44 152.4 0.04 38 LGB14 7.60 0.07 20 — — — CONT. 6.36 — — 110.4 — — LGB9 12.0 0.06 24 256.1 0.23 59 LGB9 17.0 L 77 280.7 L 74 LGB9 12.8 0.19 33 217.0 0.21 35 LGB9 13.4 0.20 38 219.1 0.20 36 LGB18_H2 13.4 0.08 40 237.0 0.07 47 LGB18_H2 12.0 L 24 190.8 0.03 18 CONT. 9.64 — — 161.0 — — LGM9 9.40 0.07 21 150.1 0.04 21 LGM8 — — — 144.3 0.25 16 LGM8 10.3 0.01 33 152.9 0.24 23 LGM8 11.2 0.01 45 181.5 0.05 46 LGM8 10.2 L 32 151.3 0.17 22 LGM4 8.82 0.24 14 158.8 0.12 28 LGM4 11.2 0.03 44 173.2 0.12 40 LGM4 9.97 0.06 29 147.2 0.22 19 LGM4 8.70 0.14 12 142.1 0.13 15 LGM21 10.4 0.01 34 163.1 L 31 LGM21 — — — 140.8 0.29 13 LGM21 10.4 0.03 35 166.0 L 34 LGM21 9.38 L 21 141.4 L 14 CONT. 7.74 — — 124.0 — — LGB10 — — — 287.2 0.12 17 CONT. — — — 245.7 — — “CONT.”-Control; “Ave.”-Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.”-p-value, L-p < 0.01.

TABLE 199 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Leaf Area [cm²] Roots Coverage [cm²] Roots Length [cm] % % % Gene Name Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. MGP30_H3 0.861 0.21 9 — — — — — — CONT. 0.791 — — — — — — — — LGD9 0.767 0.02 27 12.1 0.19 19 — — — LGD9 0.831 L 38 11.9 0.07 16 — — — LGD9 0.664 0.21 10 — — — 7.91 0.28 3 LGD9 0.654 0.27 8 — — — — — — LGD8 0.831 L 38 12.3 0.11 21 8.12 0.07 6 LGD8 0.827 0.16 37 — — — 7.93 0.13 3 LGD8 0.864 0.04 43 — — — — — — LGD6 0.767 0.04 27 — — — — — — LGD6 0.753 0.03 25 — — — — — — LGD6 0.899 0.04 49 11.4 0.28 11 — — — LGD6 — — — 12.5 0.08 23 8.20 L 7 LGD24 0.834 L 38 13.1 0.06 28 — — — LGD24 0.762 L 26 12.8 0.07 25 — — — LGD24 0.822 0.02 36 — — — — — — LGD24 — — — 12.4 L 22 8.05 L 5 LGD24 0.849 0.03 41 — — — — — — LGD21 0.843 0.03 40 — — — — — — LGD21 0.802 L 33 11.0 0.21 8 — — — LGD21 0.900 L 49 12.5 0.03 23 — — — LGD21 0.785 0.03 30 12.9 0.05 27 — — — LGD21 0.716 L 19 11.7 0.17 15 — — — LGD19 0.688 0.08 14 — — — — — — LGD19 0.656 0.07 9 11.2 0.07 10 7.87 0.15 2 LGD19 0.673 0.29 11 — — — 7.96 0.07 4 LGD19 0.714 L 18 11.8 0.29 15 8.04 0.28 5 LGD18 0.721 0.15 19 — — — — — — LGD18 0.813 L 35 11.9 0.13 16 — — — LGD18 0.700 0.10 16 — — — 7.82 0.27 2 LGD18 0.760 0.01 26 13.1 0.10 29 — — — LGD18 0.814 L 35 12.9 0.25 27 — — — LGD17 0.801 0.14 33 13.2 0.03 29 8.27 L 8 LGD17 0.722 0.02 20 12.7 L 25 8.04 0.21 5 LGD17 0.753 0.07 25 11.5 0.27 12 — — — LGD17 0.691 0.10 15 — — — — — — LGD16 0.699 0.03 16 — — — — — — LGD16 0.833 L 38 — — — — — — LGD16 0.761 0.07 26 — — — — — — LGD16 0.712 0.08 18 12.1 0.23 19 — — — LGD16 0.804 L 33 14.5 L 42 — — — LGD15 0.806 L 34 12.0 0.24 17 — — — LGD15 0.764 L 27 — — — — — — LGD12 0.696 0.15 15 — — — — — — LGD12 0.724 0.05 20 — — — — — — LGD12 0.822 L 36 11.9 0.12 16 — — — LGD12 0.636 0.25 5 — — — — — — LGD11 0.686 0.11 14 11.9 0.05 17 — — — LGD11 0.688 0.14 14 — — — — — — LGD11 0.694 0.12 15 — — — — — — LGD11 0.903 L 50 — — — — — — LGD11 0.734 0.06 22 — — — — — — LGD10 0.712 L 18 11.8 0.07 16 — — — LGD10 0.747 0.08 24 12.6 L 24 8.07 0.03 5 LGD10 0.780 0.02 29 11.7 0.10 15 — — — LGD10 0.756 0.08 25 11.6 0.20 14 — — — LGD10 0.692 0.20 15 11.7 0.04 15 — — — CONT. 0.603 — — 10.2 — — 7.68 — — LGB8 0.806 L 24 11.0 0.05 14 7.54 0.28 2 LGB8 0.948 L 46 10.8 0.26 11 — — — LGB8 0.841 0.09 29 12.6 L 30 7.90 0.08 7 LGB8 0.722 0.03 11 — — — 7.89 0.03 7 LGB8 — — — 11.3 L 17 7.79 0.01 6 LGB5 0.802 0.02 23 11.6 0.06 20 — — — LGB5 0.858 0.18 32 12.2 0.20 26 7.82 0.17 6 LGB5 0.783 L 20 10.5 0.22 9 — — — LGB5 0.727 0.02 12 11.1 0.06 14 7.67 0.06 4 LGB5 0.827 0.08 27 11.2 0.18 16 — — — LGB2 0.889 0.12 36 10.8 0.16 11 — — — LGB2 0.845 0.03 30 13.6 L 40 7.79 0.14 6 LGB2 0.860 L 32 11.1 0.17 15 — — — LGB2 — — — — — — 7.69 0.11 4 LGB16 0.744 0.02 14 11.1 0.14 14 7.70 0.21 5 LGB16 0.760 0.01 17 11.8 0.02 22 — — — LGB16 0.762 0.19 17 — — — — — — LGB16 — — — — — — 7.79 0.16 6 LGB16 0.774 0.03 19 11.9 0.10 23 — — — LGB15 0.963 L 48 11.2 0.03 16 — — — LGB15 0.825 0.02 27 12.6 0.08 30 7.65 0.11 4 LGB15 0.773 0.14 19 — — — — — — LGB15 0.830 0.02 27 12.2 0.07 26 7.70 0.24 4 LGB14 0.836 0.02 28 — — — — — — LGB14 0.840 0.01 29 11.7 0.10 21 7.86 0.10 7 LGB14 0.797 L 22 — — — — — — LGB14 0.914 L 40 12.6 0.02 30 7.88 0.03 7 LGB14 0.791 0.05 21 12.2 0.05 26 7.97 0.05 8 CONT. 0.652 — — 9.70 — — 7.37 — — LGB9 1.10 L 23 14.5 0.04 19 7.77 0.20 4 LGB9 1.17 0.06 31 14.6 0.16 20 7.83 0.06 4 LGB9 1.14 0.09 27 — — — — — — LGB9 1.07 0.09 20 — — — — — — LGB18_H2 1.05 0.19 17 — — — — — — LGB18_H2 1.02 0.02 13 — — — — — — CONT. 0.896 — — 12.2 — — 7.50 — — LGM9 0.804 0.10 26 — — — — — — LGM9 0.672 0.11 6 — — — — — — LGM9 — — — — — — 7.96 0.07 4 LGM9 0.720 0.12 13 10.6 0.17 14 — — — LGM8 0.747 0.23 17 — — — — — — LGM8 0.797 L 25 — — — — — — LGM8 0.883 0.02 39 11.2 0.02 21 8.03 0.21 5 LGM8 — — — — — — 8.31 L 9 LGM8 0.815 L 28 10.1 0.17 9 — — — LGM4 0.699 0.23 10 — — — — — — LGM4 0.884 0.04 39 — — — — — — LGM4 0.774 0.02 22 10.6 0.13 14 — — — LGM4 0.708 0.06 11 — — — 8.14 0.14 6 LGM21 0.859 L 35 11.3 0.07 22 7.91 0.08 3 LGM21 0.759 0.01 19 — — — — — — LGM21 0.666 0.29 5 10.5 0.28 14 — — — LGM21 0.728 0.02 14 11.2 0.06 21 — — — CONT. 0.637 — — 9.28 — — 7.65 — — LGB10 1.23 0.16 18 — — — — — — CONT. 1.05 — — — — — — — — “CONT.”-Control; “Ave.”-Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.”-p-value, L-p < 0.01.

TABLE 200 Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter RGR Of RGR Of RGR Of Leaf Area Roots Coverage Root Length Gene % % % Name Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGD9 0.0787 L 26 1.48 0.17 18 — — — LGD9 0.0859 L 37 1.43 0.25 15 — — — LGD8 0.0843 L 34 1.49 0.13 20 — — — LGD8 0.0821 L 31 1.42 0.29 14 — — — LGD8 0.0890 L 42 — — — — — — LGD6 0.0789 L 26 — — — — — — LGD6 0.0779 L 24 — — — — — — LGD6 0.0928 L 48 — — — — — — LGD6 — — — 1.49 0.14 19 — — — LGD24 0.0877 L 40 1.58 0.05 27 — — — LGD24 0.0788 L 26 1.54 0.08 24 — — — LGD24 0.0866 L 38 — — — — — — LGD24 — — — 1.52 0.10 22 — — — LGD24 0.0873 L 39 — — — — — — LGD21 0.0889 L 42 — — — — — — LGD21 0.0835 L 33 — — — — — — LGD21 0.0926 L 48 1.53 0.09 22 — — — LGD21 0.0819 L 30 1.57 0.05 26 — — — LGD21 0.0732 0.06 17 1.42 0.29 14 — — — LGD19 0.0699 0.21 11 — — — — — — LGD19 0.0699 0.22 11 1.43 0.28 15 — — — LGD19 0.0731 0.07 17 1.42 0.28 14 — — — LGD18 0.0736 0.08 17 — — — — — — LGD18 0.0832 L 33 1.44 0.24 16 — — — LGD18 0.0717 0.12 14 — — — — — — LGD18 0.0789 L 26 1.59 0.04 28 — — — LGD18 0.0838 L 34 1.56 0.08 25 — — — LGD17 0.0844 L 34 1.59 0.04 28 — — — LGD17 0.0729 0.08 16 1.54 0.07 24 — — — LGD17 0.0772 0.02 23 — — — — — — LGD16 0.0727 0.08 16 — — — — — — LGD16 0.0873 L 39 — — — — — — LGD16 0.0805 L 28 — — — — — — LGD16 0.0726 0.09 16 1.47 0.18 18 — — — LGD16 0.0854 L 36 1.75 L 41 — — — LGD15 0.0838 L 34 1.46 0.19 18 — — — LGDI5 0.0738 0.12 18 — — — — — — LGD15 0.0786 L 25 — — — — — — LGD12 0.0706 0.18 13 — — — — — — LGD12 0.0765 0.02 22 — — — — — — LGD12 0.0853 L 36 1.44 0.22 16 — — — LGD11 0.0688 0.29 10 1.46 0.18 18 — — — LGD11 0.0696 0.23 11 — — — — — — LGD11 0.0720 0.11 15 — — — — — — LGD11 0.0943 L 50 — — — — — — LGD11 0.0758 0.03 21 — — — — — — LGD10 0.0723 0.09 15 1.43 0.26 15 — — — LGD10 0.0763 0.02 22 1.54 0.07 23 — — — LGD10 0.0805 L 28 — — — — — — LGD10 0.0770 0.02 23 1.42 0.29 14 — — — LGD10 0.0695 0.25 11 1.43 0.27 15 — — — CONT. 0.0627 — — 1.25 — — — — — LGB8 0.0853 0.03 25 1.30 0.15 14 — — — LGB8 0.0983 L 44 1.29 0.17 14 0.733 0.15 13 LGB8 0.0836 0.07 22 1.52 L 33 — — — LGB8 — — — 1.34 0.07 17 — — — LGB5 0.0819 0.07 20 1.40 0.02 23 0.741 0.12 14 LGB5 0.0891 0.03 31 1.47 0.01 29 0.721 0.25 11 LGB5 0.0834 0.05 22 1.26 0.25 11 — — — LGB5 — — — 1.34 0.07 17 — — — LGB5 0.0872 0.03 28 1.34 0.10 17 0.726 0.23 12 LGB2 0.0929 L 36 1.28 0.20 12 — — — LGB2 0.0885 0.01 30 1.64 L 44 0.730 0.19 13 LGB2 0.0901 L 32 1.35 0.06 19 0.733 0.16 13 LGB16 0.0774 0.22 13 1.28 0.21 13 — — — LGB16 0.0796 0.13 17 1.42 0.01 24 — — — LGB16 0.0795 0.15 16 1.36 0.11 19 — — — LGB16 — — — 1.37 0.09 21 0.711 0.29 10 LGB16 0.0819 0.07 20 1.43 0.02 25 0.717 0.27 11 LGB15 0.101 L 47 1.35 0.07 19 — — — LGB15 0.0857 0.03 25 1.51 L 33 — — — LGB15 0.0793 0.17 16 — — — — — — LGB15 0.0863 0.02 26 1.48 L 30 — — — LGB14 0.0856 0.03 25 — — — 0.715 0.29 10 LGB14 0.0867 0.03 27 1.37 0.07 20 — — — LGB14 0.0836 0.04 22 — — — — — — LGB14 0.0956 L 40 1.53 L 34 0.734 0.16 13 LGB14 0.0822 0.07 20 1.45 L 27 — — — CONT. 0.0683 — — 1.14 — — 0.648 — — LGB9 0.116 0.02 25 1.74 0.09 18 — — — LGB9 0.119 0.02 28 1.75 0.10 19 0.777 0.16 9 LGB9 0.118 0.03 28 — — — — — — LGB9 0.111 0.10 19 — — — — — — LGB18_H2 0.108 0.17 16 — — — — — — LGB18_H2 0.104 0.28 12 — — — — — — CONT. 0.0929 — — 1.47 — — 0.713 — — LGM9 0.0831 0.05 23 — — — — — — LGM9 — — — — — — 0.773 0.29 6 LGM9 0.0760 0.22 13 1.26 0.29 13 — — — LGM8 0.0775 0.19 15 — — — — — — LGM8 0.0851 0.02 26 1.28 0.27 15 0.802 0.12 11 LGM8 0.0942 L 39 1.34 0.11 20 0.790 0.17 9 LGM8 0.0846 0.01 25 — — — — — — LGM4 0.0954 L 41 — — — — — — LGM4 0.0808 0.06 20 1.26 0.30 13 — — — LGM4 0.0768 0.18 14 1.28 0.29 14 0.803 0.10 11 LGM21 0.0932 L 38 1.37 0.08 22 — — — LGM21 0.0821 0.04 22 — — — — — — LGM21 — — — 1.28 0.25 15 0.773 0.30 6 LGM21 0.0788 0.10 17 1.35 0.10 21 — — — CONT. 0.0676 — — 1.12 — — 0.726 — — LGB10 0.127 0.13 18 — — — — — — CONT. 0.107 — — — — — — — — “CONT.”-Control; “Ave.”-Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.”-p-value, L-p < 0.01.

TABLE 201 Genes showing improved plant performance at Low Nitrogen growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Dry Weight [mg] Fresh Weight [mg] Gene Name Ave. P-Val. % Incr. Ave. P-Val. % Incr. LGB8 4.25 L 10 — — — LGB8 6.30 0.10 63 94.4 0.11 71 LGB8 5.10 0.25 32 — — — LGB8 5.28 0.24 37 72.9 0.23 32 LGB5 4.50 L 17 65.2 0.25 18 LGB5 4.15 0.15 7 65.0 0.04 18 LGB5 — — — 74.6 0.17 35 LGB5 4.20 0.17 9 — — — LGB2 4.88 0.23 26 — — — LGB2 4.60 0.06 19 — — — LGB2 4.83 0.05 25 74.3 L 34 LGB2 4.42 0.19 15 — — — LGB16 4.62 0.05 20 — — — LGB16 — — — 80.3 0.14 45 LGB16 4.17 0.16 8 — — — LGB15 5.20 0.28 35 77.0 0.18 39 LGB15 4.20 0.14 9 — — — LGB14 4.35 0.20 13 — — — LGB14 4.25 0.12 10 66.8 0.04 21 LGB14 4.55 L 18 66.2 L 20 LGB14 4.62 0.05 20 65.8 0.23 19 LGB14 4.15 0.14 7 — — — CONT. 3.86 — — 55.3 — — LGB9 5.17 0.16 8 78.3 0.26 7 LGB9 5.55 L 15 85.3 0.03 16 LGB9 6.95 0.13 45 91.6 0.25 25 LGB9 5.50 L 14 — — — LGB9 5.42 0.17 13 — — — LGB18_H2 5.47 0.06 14 79.9 0.20 9 LGB18_H2 6.62 0.07 38 90.9 0.09 24 LGB18_H2 5.50 0.05 14 84.8 L 16 CONT. 4.81 — — 73.3 — — “CONT.”-Control; “Ave.”-Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.”-p-value, L-p < 0.01.

TABLE 202 Genes showing improved plant performance at Low Nitrogen growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter Leaf Area [cm²] Roots Coverage [cm²] Roots Length [cm] Gene % % % Name Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGB8 0.445 L 18 18.0 0.08 33 8.38 0.19 5 LGB8 0.463 0.15 23 — — — 8.26 0.13 3 LGB5 — — — 15.6 0.21 15 — — — LGB5 — — — 17.4 L 28 — — — LGB5 — — — 15.7 0.01 16 — — — LGB5 0.418 0.03 11 16.2 L 19 — — — LGB2 — — — 15.6 0.05 15 8.38 L 5 LGB2 — — — 15.1 0.05 11 — — — LGB2 — — — 16.7 0.01 23 — — — LGB16 0.418 0.05 11 — — — — — — LGB15 — — — 15.4 0.19 13 — — — LGB14 — — — 15.5 0.21 14 8.24 0.24 3 LGB14 0.397 0.24 5 — — — — — — LGB14 0.429 0.06 13 16.0 0.12 18 8.21 0.19 3 LGB14 0.406 0.19 7 15.8 L 16 — — — CONT. 0.378 — — 13.6 — — 7.99 — — LGB9 0.454 0.05 9 18.3 L 20 8.26 0.02 3 LGB9 — — — 20.3 0.02 33 8.57 L 7 LGB9 — — — 18.3 0.10 20 — — — LGB9 — — — 18.3 0.19 19 8.20 0.28 2 LGB18_H2 0.443 0.09 6 17.9 0.14 17 — — — LGB18_H2 0.467 0.09 12 20.0 L 30 8.24 0.16 3 LGB18_H2 — — — 16.3 0.19 6 — — — LGB18_H2 0.479 L 14 — — — — — — LGB18_H2 — — — 16.0 0.23 5 — — — CONT. 0.418 — — 15.3 — — 8.04 — — LGB10 — — — — — — 8.24 0.27 3 CONT. — — — — — — 8.01 — — “CONT.”-Control; “Ave.”-Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.”-p-value, L-p < 0.01.

TABLE 203 Genes showing improved plant performance at Low Nitrogen growth conditions under regulation At6669 promoter RGR Of RGR Of Leaf Area Roots Coverage RGR Of Root Length Gene % % % Name Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. Ave. P-Val. Incr. LGB8 — — — — — — 0.767 0.27 8 LGB8 — — — 2.18 L 35 — — — LGB8 0.0414 0.02 22 1.78 0.24 10 — — — LGB8 — — — 1.77 0.24 9 — — — LGB5 — — — 1.89 0.05 17 0.830 0.02 17 LGB5 — — — 2.12 L 31 — — — LGB5 — — — 1.91 0.02 18 — — — LGB5 — — — 1.96 L 21 — — — LGB2 — — — 1.89 0.04 17 — — — LGB2 — — — 1.84 0.07 14 0.784 0.16 10 LGB2 — — — 2.03 L 26 0.766 0.30 8 LGB16 0.0369 0.21 8 — — — — — — LGB15 — — — 1.86 0.06 15 — — — LGB15 — — — 1.87 0.10 15 — — — LGB14 — — — 1.89 0.04 17 0.795 0.10 12 LGB14 0.0374 0.15 10 1.93 0.02 19 — — — LGB14 — — — 1.83 0.18 13 — — — LGB14 — — — 1.91 0.01 18 — — — CONT. 0.0340 — — 1.62 — — 0.710 — — LGB9 — — — 2.22 L 19 — — — LGB9 — — — 2.48 L 33 0.879 0.11 12 LGB9 — — — 2.25 0.02 20 0.853 0.20 9 LGB9 — — — 2.25 0.02 20 0.851 0.22 8 LGB18_H2 — — — 2.17 0.05 16 — — — LGB18_H2 — — — 2.44 L 31 — — — LGB18_H2 0.0375 0.17 8 2.06 0.23 10 — — — CONT. 0.0346 — — 1.87 — — 0.785 — — “CONT.”-Control; “Ave.”-Average; “% Incr.” = % increment; “p-val.”-p-value, L-p < 0.01.

Example 27 Evaluation of Transgenic Brachypodium NUE and Yield Under Low or Normal Nitrogen Fertilization in Greenhouse Assay

Assay 1: Nitrogen Use efficiency measured plant biomass and yield at limited and optimal nitrogen concentration under greenhouse conditions until heading—This assay follows the plant biomass formation and growth (measured by height) of plants which are grown in the greenhouse at limiting and non-limiting (e.g., normal) nitrogen growth conditions. Transgenic Brachypodium seeds are sown in peat plugs. The T₁ transgenic seedlings are then transplanted to 27.8×11.8×8.5 cm trays filled with peat and perlite in a 1:1 ratio. The trays are irrigated with a solution containing nitrogen limiting conditions, which are achieved by irrigating the plants with a solution containing 3 mM inorganic nitrogen in the form of NH₄NO₃, supplemented with 1 mM KH₂PO₄, 1 mM MgSO_(4,) 3.6 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl₂ and microelements, while normal nitrogen levels are achieved by applying a solution of 6 mM inorganic nitrogen also in the form of NH₄NO₃ with 1 mM KH₂PO₄, 1 mM MgSO_(4,) 2 mM CaCl₂, 3.6 mM KCl and microelements. All plants are grown in the greenhouse until heading. Plant biomass (the above ground tissue) is weighted right after harvesting the shoots (plant fresh weight [FW]). Following, plants are dried in an oven at 70° C. for 48 hours and weighed (plant dry weight [DW]).

Each construct is validated at its T₁ generation. Transgenic plants transformed with a construct conformed by an empty vector carrying the BASTA selectable marker are used as control (FIG. 9B).

The plants are analyzed for their overall size, fresh weight and dry matter. Transgenic plants performance is compared to control plants grown in parallel under the same conditions. Mock-transgenic plants with no gene and no promoter at all, are used as control (FIG. 9B).

The experiment is planned in blocks and nested randomized plot distribution within them. For each gene of the invention five independent transformation events are analyzed from each construct.

Phenotyping

Plant Fresh and Dry shoot weight—In Heading assays when heading stage has completed (about day 30 from sowing), the plants are harvested and directly weighed for the determination of the plant fresh weight on semi-analytical scales (0.01 gr) (FW) and left to dry at 70° C. in a drying chamber for about 48 hours before weighting to determine plant dry weight (DW).

Time to Heading—In both Seed Maturation and Heading assays heading is defined as the full appearance of the first spikelet in the plant. The time to heading occurrence is defined by the date the heading is completely visible. The time to heading occurrence date was documented for all plants and then the time from planting to heading is calculated.

Leaf thickness—In Heading assays when minimum 5 plants per plot in at least 90% of the plots in an experiment have been documented at heading, measurement of leaf thickness is performed using a micro-meter on the second leaf below the flag leaf.

Plant Height—In both Seed Maturation and Heading assays once heading is completely visible, the height of the first spikelet is measured from soil level to the bottom of the spikelet.

Tillers number—In Heading assays manual count of tillers is preformed per plant after harvest, before weighing.

Example 28 Evaluation of Transgenic Brachypodium NUE and Yield Under Low or Normal Nitrogen Fertilization in Greenhouse Assay

Assay 2: Nitrogen Use efficiency measured plant biomass and yield at limited and optimal nitrogen concentration under greenhouse conditions until Seed Maturation—This assay follows the plant biomass and yield production of plants that are grown in the greenhouse at limiting and non-limiting nitrogen growth conditions. Transgenic Brachypodium seeds are sown in peat plugs. The T₁ transgenic seedlings are then transplanted to 27.8×11.8×8.5 cm trays filled with peat and perlite in a 1:1 ratio. The trays are irrigated with a solution containing nitrogen limiting conditions, which are achieved by irrigating the plants with a solution containing 3 mM inorganic nitrogen in the form of NH₄NO₃, supplemented with 1 mM KH₂PO₄, 1 mM MgSO_(4,) 3.6 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl₂ and microelements, while normal nitrogen levels are achieved by applying a solution of 6 mM inorganic nitrogen also in the form of NH₄NO₃ with 1 mM KH₂PO₄, 1 mM MgSO_(4,) 2 mM CaCl₂, 3.6 mM KCl and microelements. All plants are grown in the greenhouse until seed maturation. Each construct is validated at its T₁ generation. Transgenic plants transformed with a construct conformed by an empty vector carrying the BASTA selectable marker are used as control (FIG. 9B).

The plants are analyzed for their overall biomass, fresh weight and dry matter, as well as a large number of yield and yield components related parameters. Transgenic plants performance is compared to control plants grown in parallel under the same conditions. Mock-transgenic plants with no gene and no promoter at all (FIG. 9B). The experiment is planned in blocks and nested randomized plot distribution within them. For each gene of the invention five independent transformation events are analyzed from each construct.

Phenotyping

Plant Fresh and Dry vegetative weight—In Seed Maturation assays when maturity stage has completed (about day 80 from sowing), the plants are harvested and directly weighed for the determination of the plant fresh weight (FW) and left to dry at 70° C. in a drying chamber for about 48 hours before weighting to determine plant dry weight (DW).

Spikelets Dry weight (SDW)—In Seed Maturation assays when maturity stage has completed (about day 80 from sowing), the spikelets are separated from the biomass, left to dry at 70° C. in a drying chamber for about 48 hours before weighting to determine spikelets dry weight (SDW).

Grain Yield per Plant—In Seed Maturation assays after drying of spikelets for SDW, spikelets are run through production machine, then through cleaning machine, until seeds are produced per plot, then weighed and Grain Yield per Plant is calculated.

Grain Number—In Seed Maturation assays after seeds per plot are produced and cleaned, the seeds were run through a counting machine and counted.

1000 Seed Weight—In Seed Maturation assays after seed production, a fraction is taken from each sample (seeds per plot; ˜0.5 gr.), counted and photographed. 1000 seed weight is calculated.

Harvest Index—In Seed Maturation assays after seed production, harvest index is calculated by dividing grain yield and vegetative dry weight.

Time to Heading—In both Seed Maturation and Heading assays heading is defined as the full appearance of the first spikelet in the plant. The time to heading occurrence is defined by the date the heading is completely visible. The time to heading occurrence date was documented for all plants and then the time from planting to heading is calculated.

Leaf thickness—In Heading assays when minimum 5 plants per plot in at least 90% of the plots in an experiment have been documented at heading, measurement of leaf thickness is performed using a micro-meter on the second leaf below the flag leaf.

Grain filling period—In Seed Maturation assays maturation is defined by the first color-break of spikelet+stem on the plant, from green to yellow/brown.

Plant Height—In both Seed Maturation and Heading assays once heading is completely visible, the height of the first spikelet is measured from soil level to the bottom of the spikelet.

Tillers number—In Heading assays manual count of tillers is preformed per plant after harvest, before weighing.

Number of reproductive heads per plant—In Heading assays manual count of heads per plant is performed.

Statistical analyses—To identify genes conferring significantly improved tolerance to abiotic stresses, the results obtained from the transgenic plants are compared to those obtained from control plants. To identify outperforming genes and constructs, results from the independent transformation events tested are analyzed separately. Data is analyzed using Student's t-test and results were considered significant if the p value is less than 0.1. The JMP statistics software package was used (Version 5.2.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C., USA).

Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.

It is the intent of the applicant(s) that all publications, patents and patent applications referred to in this specification are to be incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually noted when referenced that it is to be incorporated herein by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present invention. To the extent that section headings are used, they should not be construed as necessarily limiting. In addition, any priority document(s) of this application is/are hereby incorporated herein by reference in its/their entirety. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of increasing yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance, and/or reducing time to flowering or time to inflorescence emergence of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 253, thereby increasing the yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance, and/or reducing the time to flowering or the time to inflorescence emergence of the plant.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said amino acid sequence is at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence set forth by SEQ ID NO:
 253. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said amino acid sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 253 and
 273. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said exogenous polynucleotide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 167, 72 and
 98. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising growing the plant expressing said exogenous polynucleotide under the abiotic stress.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said abiotic stress is selected from the group consisting of salinity, drought, osmotic stress, water deprivation, flood, etiolation, low temperature, high temperature, heavy metal toxicity, anaerobiosis, nutrient deficiency, nitrogen deficiency, nutrient excess, atmospheric pollution and UV irradiation.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the yield comprises seed yield or oil yield.
 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising growing the plant expressing said exogenous polynucleotide under nitrogen-limiting conditions.
 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting a plant expressing said exogenous polynucleotide for an increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance, as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.
 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting a plant expressing said exogenous polynucleotide for a reduced time to flowering or time to inflorescence emergence, as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.
 11. A method of producing a crop, comprising growing a crop plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence set forth by SEQ ID NO: 253, wherein the crop plant is derived from plants which have been transformed with said exogenous polynucleotide and which have been selected for increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased abiotic stress tolerance, reduced time to flowering and/or reduced time to inflorescence emergence, as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and the crop plant has the increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased abiotic stress tolerance, reduced time to flowering and/or reduced time to inflorescence emergence, thereby producing the crop.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein said amino acid sequence is at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence set forth by SEQ ID NO:
 253. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein said nucleic acid sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 167, 72 and
 98. 14. A nucleic acid construct comprising a polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide which comprises an amino acid sequence at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 253, and a heterologous promoter for directing transcription of said nucleic acid sequence in a host cell, wherein said amino acid sequence is capable of increasing yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or reducing time to flowering or time to inflorescence emergence of a plant.
 15. The nucleic acid construct of claim 14, wherein said polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 253 and
 273. 16. The nucleic acid construct of claim 14, wherein said nucleic acid sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 167, 72 and
 98. 17. A plant cell transformed with the nucleic acid construct of claim
 14. 18. A transgenic plant comprising the nucleic acid construct of claim
 14. 19. A method of growing a crop, the method comprising seeding seeds and/or planting plantlets of a plant transformed with the nucleic acid construct of claim 14, wherein the plant is derived from plants which have been transformed with said exogenous polynucleotide and which have been selected for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of: increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased biomass, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, increased oil content, reduced time to flowering and reduced time to inflorescence emergence, as compared to a non-transformed plant, thereby growing the crop.
 20. A method of selecting a transformed plant having increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or reduced time to flowering or time to inflorescence emergence, as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, the method comprising: (a) providing plants transformed with the nucleic acid construct of claim 14, (b) selecting from said plants of step (a) a plant having an increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance and/or reduced time to flowering or time to inflorescence emergence as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, thereby selecting the plant having the increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or reduced time to flowering or time to inflorescence emergence, as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.
 21. The method of claim 20, wherein said selecting is performed under non-stress conditions.
 22. The method of claim 20, wherein said selecting is performed under abiotic stress conditions. 